Kylfings (original) (raw)
Колбяги (др.-рус. кълбягъ, др.-сканд. kylfingar, эст. kylfingid, визант. Κουλπίγγων) — народ или социальная группа XI—XII веков. Этническая принадлежность и область расселения точно не установлены.
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| dbo:abstract | La Kolfingoj estis grupo de homoj en norda kaj orienta Eŭropo. Ili floris dum la mezepoko (ĉ. 9-a ĝis 12-a jarcentoj). Kvankam ŝajnas ke ilia centro estis en Nordio, ili rolas ankaŭ en la kronikoj de Prarusio, Hungario, kaj Bizancio. Diverslingve oni nomis ilin Kylfingar (Norene); Kylfingid (estone); Kölpények (hungare); Колбяги (ruse); кълбягъ (malnovorientslave); Κουλπίγγοι (kulpingoj) (bizancgreke); al-Kilabiyya (arabe, latinlitere)... Fakuloj ne atingis ĝeneralan konsenton pri tio, ĉu la kolfingoj estis etna grupo, ĉu profesia grupo, ĉu soldata kunularo (eventuale de sagpafistoj), ĉu asocio de negocistoj, ĉu societo ia... (eo) The Kylfings (Old Norse Kylfingar; Estonian Kalevid; Hungarian Kölpények; Old East Slavic Колбяги, Kolbiagi; Byzantine Greek Κουλπίγγοι, Koulpingoi; Arabic al-Kilabiyya) were a people of uncertain origin active in Northern Europe during the Viking Age, roughly from the late ninth century to the early twelfth century. They could be found in areas of Lapland, Russia, and the Byzantine Empire that were frequented by Scandinavian traders, raiders and mercenaries. Scholars differ on whether the Kylfings were ethnically Finnic or Norse. Also disputed is their geographic origin, with Denmark, Sweden and the Eastern Baltic all put forward as candidates. Whether the name Kylfing denotes a particular tribal, socio-political, or economic grouping is also a matter of much debate. They are mentioned in Old Norse runestone inscriptions, sagas (most notably in Egil's Saga), and poetry (such as Thorbjorn Hornklofi's poem Haraldskvæði), as well as Byzantine records and Rus' law-codes. According to the sagas, the Kylfings opposed the consolidation of Norway under Harald Fairhair and participated in the pivotal late ninth century Battle of Hafrsfjord. After Harald's victory in that battle, they are described in the sagas as having raided in Finnmark and elsewhere in northern Norway and having fought against Harald's lieutenants such as Thorolf Kveldulfsson. (en) Culpingos (em grego medieval: Κουλπίγγοι; romaniz.: Koulpíngoi; em nórdico antigo: Kylfingar; em fínico: Kylfingid; em antigo eslavo oriental: Колбяги; romaniz.: Kolbiagi; em húngaro: Kölpények; em árabe: al-Kilabiyya) era um povo de origem desconhecida ativo no norte da Europa durante a Era Viquingue, grosso modo do final do século IX ao começo do XII. Podiam ser encontrados em zonas da Lapônia, Rússia e Império Bizantino que eram visitados por mercadores, salteadores e mercenários escandinavos. Estudiosos divergem se eram etnicamente fínicos ou nórdicos. Também é disputada sua origem geográfica com a Dinamarca, Suécia e como candidatos. Se o nome culpingo denota um grupo tribal, sócio-político ou econômico particular também é motivo de debate. São mencionados em inscrições rúnicas em nórdico antigo, sagas (mais notadamente na ), e poesia (como o poema de ), bem como registros bizantinos e códigos de lei rus'. Segundo as sagas, os culpingos opuseram-se à consolidação da Noruega sob Haroldo Cabelo Belo e participaram na pivotal Batalha do Fiorde de Hafrs do final do século IX. Após a vitória de Haroldo naquela batalha, eles são descritos nas sagas como tendo invadido Finamarca e Noruega Setentrional e tendo lutado contra os tenentes de Haroldo como . (pt) Колбяги (др.-рус. кълбягъ, др.-сканд. kylfingar, эст. kylfingid, визант. Κουλπίγγων) — народ или социальная группа XI—XII веков. Этническая принадлежность и область расселения точно не установлены. (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | Колбяги (др.-рус. кълбягъ, др.-сканд. kylfingar, эст. kylfingid, визант. Κουλπίγγων) — народ или социальная группа XI—XII веков. Этническая принадлежность и область расселения точно не установлены. (ru) La Kolfingoj estis grupo de homoj en norda kaj orienta Eŭropo. Ili floris dum la mezepoko (ĉ. 9-a ĝis 12-a jarcentoj). Kvankam ŝajnas ke ilia centro estis en Nordio, ili rolas ankaŭ en la kronikoj de Prarusio, Hungario, kaj Bizancio. Diverslingve oni nomis ilin Kylfingar (Norene); Kylfingid (estone); Kölpények (hungare); Колбяги (ruse); кълбягъ (malnovorientslave); Κουλπίγγοι (kulpingoj) (bizancgreke); al-Kilabiyya (arabe, latinlitere)... (eo) The Kylfings (Old Norse Kylfingar; Estonian Kalevid; Hungarian Kölpények; Old East Slavic Колбяги, Kolbiagi; Byzantine Greek Κουλπίγγοι, Koulpingoi; Arabic al-Kilabiyya) were a people of uncertain origin active in Northern Europe during the Viking Age, roughly from the late ninth century to the early twelfth century. They could be found in areas of Lapland, Russia, and the Byzantine Empire that were frequented by Scandinavian traders, raiders and mercenaries. Scholars differ on whether the Kylfings were ethnically Finnic or Norse. Also disputed is their geographic origin, with Denmark, Sweden and the Eastern Baltic all put forward as candidates. Whether the name Kylfing denotes a particular tribal, socio-political, or economic grouping is also a matter of much debate. (en) Culpingos (em grego medieval: Κουλπίγγοι; romaniz.: Koulpíngoi; em nórdico antigo: Kylfingar; em fínico: Kylfingid; em antigo eslavo oriental: Колбяги; romaniz.: Kolbiagi; em húngaro: Kölpények; em árabe: al-Kilabiyya) era um povo de origem desconhecida ativo no norte da Europa durante a Era Viquingue, grosso modo do final do século IX ao começo do XII. Podiam ser encontrados em zonas da Lapônia, Rússia e Império Bizantino que eram visitados por mercadores, salteadores e mercenários escandinavos. Estudiosos divergem se eram etnicamente fínicos ou nórdicos. Também é disputada sua origem geográfica com a Dinamarca, Suécia e como candidatos. Se o nome culpingo denota um grupo tribal, sócio-político ou econômico particular também é motivo de debate. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Kolfingoj (eo) Kylfings (en) Culpingos (pt) Колбяги (ru) |
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