Liberal Party (Australia, 1909) (original) (raw)
Komunuma Liberala Partio aŭ en angla Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP, konata ankaŭ kiel Deakin–Cook Party, The Fusion, aŭ la Deakinite Liberal Party) estis politika movado, do simila al politika partio, aktiva en Aŭstralio el 1909 al 1917, mallonge post la Federaciigo. La CLP rezultis el kuniĝo de du ne-laboristaj partioj, nome la Protektista Partio kaj la Kontraŭ-Socialisma Partio (iam Liberkomerca Partio) kio plej el la membroj de la Parlamento akceptis. La CLP estas la plej frua rekta praulo de la nuna Liberala Partio de Aŭstralio.
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| dbo:abstract | Die Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP; auch bekannt als The Fusion) war eine politische Partei in Australien, die 1909 aus einem Zusammenschluss derFree Trade Party von George Reid mit der Protectionist Party von Alfred Deakin hervorging. Zusammen wollte man gegenüber der starken Australian Labor Party konkurrenzfähig bleiben. In ihrer ersten Bundeswahl 1910 wurde die CLP jedoch von Labor deutlich besiegt. Im September 1911 schloss sich die CLP mit der ländlichen People’s Party zusammen, um die People’s Liberal Party (PLP) zu gründen. Unter dem neuen Parteiführer Joseph Cook gelang es der neuen Partei Labor 1913 mit nur einem einzigen Sitz Vorsprung zu schlagen. Schon ein Jahr später musste Cook aufgrund einer politischen Pattsituation und mehreren verhinderten Reformen vorzeitige Neuwahlen ausrufen. Diese gingen für die PLP verloren. 1917 schloss sich die People’s Liberal Party mit der National Labor Party des kurz zuvor von der Australian Labor Party ausgeschlossenen Billy Hughes zur Nationalist Party of Australia zusammen. Die Nationalist Party wiederum mutierte 1931 in die United Australia Party, die schließlich 1945 unter der Führung von Robert Menzies in die heutige Liberal Party of Australia transformiert wurde. (de) Komunuma Liberala Partio aŭ en angla Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP, konata ankaŭ kiel Deakin–Cook Party, The Fusion, aŭ la Deakinite Liberal Party) estis politika movado, do simila al politika partio, aktiva en Aŭstralio el 1909 al 1917, mallonge post la Federaciigo. La CLP rezultis el kuniĝo de du ne-laboristaj partioj, nome la Protektista Partio kaj la Kontraŭ-Socialisma Partio (iam Liberkomerca Partio) kio plej el la membroj de la Parlamento akceptis. La CLP estas la plej frua rekta praulo de la nuna Liberala Partio de Aŭstralio. (eo) El Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP, también conocido como The Fusion o Deakinite Liberal Party) (traducido al castellano Partido Liberal de la Mancomunidad) fue un movimiento político activo en Australia desde 1909 a 1916, poco después de la . (es) The Liberal Party was a parliamentary party in Australian federal politics between 1909 and 1917. The party was founded under Alfred Deakin's leadership as a merger of the Protectionist Party and Anti-Socialist Party, an event known as the Fusion. The creation of the party marked the emergence of a two-party system, replacing the unstable multi-party system that arose after Federation in 1901. The first three federal elections produced hung parliaments, with the Protectionists, Free Traders, and Australian Labor Party (ALP) forming a series of minority governments. Free Trade leader George Reid envisioned an anti-socialist alliance of liberals and conservatives, rebranding his party accordingly, and his views were eventually adopted by his Protectionist counterpart Deakin. Objections towards Reid saw Deakin take the lead in coordinating the merger. The Fusion was controversial, with some of his radical supporters regarding it as a betrayal and choosing to sit as independents or join the ALP. The new party formed Australia's first federal majority government and allowed Deakin to return for a third term as prime minister. However, it lost the 1910 election to the ALP in a landslide and had little electoral success thereafter, winning a majority in the House of Representatives only once and never in the Senate. Following the ALP split over conscription in 1916, Deakin's successor Joseph Cook led the Liberals into an alliance with Prime Minister Billy Hughes' new National Labor Party. The two parties formally merged under Hughes' leadership a few months before the 1917 federal election, with the resulting Nationalist Party becoming the new primary opponent of the ALP in the two-party system. Unlike the ALP, the Liberal Party did not have a single external organisation supporting the parliamentary party and had only loose links with equivalent parties at state level. Deakin attempted to form a national organisation under the name "Commonwealth Liberal Party", but it failed to spread beyond Victoria. In each state various similar bodies were created to endorse candidates and provide campaign financing, while the party also enjoyed the support of pre-existing organisations like the Australian Women's National League. The "Liberal" identity was retained by some state parties after 1917 and revived by Nationalist breakaways in the 1920s, eventually being re-adopted by the modern Liberal Party of Australia. (en) Le Parti libéral du Commonwealth (The Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP), dit aussi The Fusion en anglais) était un parti politique australien, ancêtre du parti libéral australien. En 1909, Alfred Deakin, le chef du parti protectionniste, accepta de s'unir avec le Free Trade Party de George Reid pour former le CLP. Il fut battu par les travaillistes en 1910 mais son nouveau chef, Joseph Cook, le mena à la victoire en 1913 avant de connaître de nouveau l'échec aux élections anticipées de 1914. En 1916, les libéraux du Commonwealth rejoignirent les partisans de l'ex-travailliste Billy Hughes pour former le Parti nationaliste d'Australie. (fr) Związkowa Partia Liberalna (Commonwealth Liberal Party) – ugrupowanie polityczne istniejące w Australii w latach 1909–1916. Powstała z połączenia Partii Wolnego Handlu i Partii Protekcjonistycznej. Jej liderem był początkowo Alfred Deakin, wówczas urzędujący premier Australii. W 1910 przegrała wybory i oddała władzę lewicy, aby powrócić do steru rządów w 1913, pod nowym przywództwem Josepha Cooka. Rok później Cook rozpisał przedterminowe wybory i poniósł w nich klęskę. W 1916 partia połączyła się z grupą rozłamowców, którzy odeszli nieco wcześniej z Partii Pracy. Tak powstała Nacjonalistyczna Partia Australii. (pl) Il Partito Liberale del Commonwealth fu un partito politico australiano attivo negli anni successivi alla Federazione dell'Australia, dal 1909 al 1916. Nel 1909 Alfred Deakin, allora leader del Partito Protezionista, realizzò una fusione con il Partito Anti-Socialista di Joseph Cook per formare il Partito Liberale del Commonwealth, su una politica condivisa di opposizione al Partito Laburista Australiano. Tuttavia uscì sconfitto alle , le prime alle quali prese parte. Sotto la guida del nuovo leader Joseph Cook, il partito sconfisse il Labor per un solo seggio alle , ma perse , dopo aver chiesto le elezioni anticipate. Nel 1916 il partito si unì al Partito Laburista Nazionale, creato pochi mesi prima da Billy Hughes e altri membri del Labor favorevoli alla coscrizione, per formare il Partito Nazionalista d'Australia. (it) |
| dbo:dissolutionYear | 1917-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:formationDate | 1909-05-27 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:formationYear | 1909-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:ideology | dbr:Liberalism_in_Australia dbr:Conservatism_in_Australia |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A080108b.htm http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A080275b.htm |
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| dbp:country | Australia (en) |
| dbp:dissolved | February 1917 (en) |
| dbp:founded | 0001-05-27 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:founders | (en) George Reid (en) Joseph Cook (en) John Forrest (en) Alfred Deakin (en) |
| dbp:ideology | Conservatism (en) Liberalism (en) (en) |
| dbp:leader1Name | (en) Joseph Cook (en) Alfred Deakin (en) |
| dbp:leader1Title | [[#Leaders (en) |
| dbp:merged | dbr:Nationalist_Party_(Australia) |
| dbp:merger | dbr:Protectionist_Party dbr:Free_Trade_Party (en) |
| dbp:name | Liberal Party (en) |
| dbp:national | [[#Australian Liberal Union (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Komunuma Liberala Partio aŭ en angla Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP, konata ankaŭ kiel Deakin–Cook Party, The Fusion, aŭ la Deakinite Liberal Party) estis politika movado, do simila al politika partio, aktiva en Aŭstralio el 1909 al 1917, mallonge post la Federaciigo. La CLP rezultis el kuniĝo de du ne-laboristaj partioj, nome la Protektista Partio kaj la Kontraŭ-Socialisma Partio (iam Liberkomerca Partio) kio plej el la membroj de la Parlamento akceptis. La CLP estas la plej frua rekta praulo de la nuna Liberala Partio de Aŭstralio. (eo) El Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP, también conocido como The Fusion o Deakinite Liberal Party) (traducido al castellano Partido Liberal de la Mancomunidad) fue un movimiento político activo en Australia desde 1909 a 1916, poco después de la . (es) Związkowa Partia Liberalna (Commonwealth Liberal Party) – ugrupowanie polityczne istniejące w Australii w latach 1909–1916. Powstała z połączenia Partii Wolnego Handlu i Partii Protekcjonistycznej. Jej liderem był początkowo Alfred Deakin, wówczas urzędujący premier Australii. W 1910 przegrała wybory i oddała władzę lewicy, aby powrócić do steru rządów w 1913, pod nowym przywództwem Josepha Cooka. Rok później Cook rozpisał przedterminowe wybory i poniósł w nich klęskę. W 1916 partia połączyła się z grupą rozłamowców, którzy odeszli nieco wcześniej z Partii Pracy. Tak powstała Nacjonalistyczna Partia Australii. (pl) Die Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP; auch bekannt als The Fusion) war eine politische Partei in Australien, die 1909 aus einem Zusammenschluss derFree Trade Party von George Reid mit der Protectionist Party von Alfred Deakin hervorging. Zusammen wollte man gegenüber der starken Australian Labor Party konkurrenzfähig bleiben. In ihrer ersten Bundeswahl 1910 wurde die CLP jedoch von Labor deutlich besiegt. Im September 1911 schloss sich die CLP mit der ländlichen People’s Party zusammen, um die People’s Liberal Party (PLP) zu gründen. (de) The Liberal Party was a parliamentary party in Australian federal politics between 1909 and 1917. The party was founded under Alfred Deakin's leadership as a merger of the Protectionist Party and Anti-Socialist Party, an event known as the Fusion. (en) Le Parti libéral du Commonwealth (The Commonwealth Liberal Party (CLP), dit aussi The Fusion en anglais) était un parti politique australien, ancêtre du parti libéral australien. En 1909, Alfred Deakin, le chef du parti protectionniste, accepta de s'unir avec le Free Trade Party de George Reid pour former le CLP. Il fut battu par les travaillistes en 1910 mais son nouveau chef, Joseph Cook, le mena à la victoire en 1913 avant de connaître de nouveau l'échec aux élections anticipées de 1914. (fr) Il Partito Liberale del Commonwealth fu un partito politico australiano attivo negli anni successivi alla Federazione dell'Australia, dal 1909 al 1916. Nel 1909 Alfred Deakin, allora leader del Partito Protezionista, realizzò una fusione con il Partito Anti-Socialista di Joseph Cook per formare il Partito Liberale del Commonwealth, su una politica condivisa di opposizione al Partito Laburista Australiano. Tuttavia uscì sconfitto alle , le prime alle quali prese parte. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Commonwealth Liberal Party (de) Komunuma Liberala Partio (eo) Partido Liberal de la Mancomunidad (es) Parti libéral du Commonwealth (fr) Partito Liberale del Commonwealth (it) Liberal Party (Australia, 1909) (en) Związkowa Partia Liberalna (pl) |
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