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Kanón OQF 25 pounder (Ordnance Quick Fire 25-pounder neboli "pětadvacetiliberní kanón") byla britská kanónová houfnice ráže 87,6 mm, která vstoupila do služby těsně před začátkem druhé světové války. Ve výzbroji nahradila zastaralé 18liberní dělo (Ordnance QF 18-pdr Gun) a 4,5palcovou houfnici (Ordnance QF 4,5 inch Howitzer). Stala se základním polním dělem britské armády až do šedesátých let. V mnoha státech Commonwealthu byla ve službě až do sedmdesátých let a několik kusů sloužilo ve Velké Británii k výcvikovým účelům až do let osmdesátých. (cs) أوردنانس كيو إف 25 رطل (بالإنجليزية: Ordnance QF 25 pounder) أو بالاسم الشائع 25 رطل (بالإنجليزية: pounder-25) هو مدفع ميدان هاوتزر بريطاني من صنع شركة رويال أوردنانس في إنكلترا، دخل المدفع الخدمة في الجيش البريطاني قبيل الحرب العالمية الثانية والتي أثبت من خلالها مدى كفاءته حيث أعتبر أفضل مدفع ميدان خلال سنوات الحرب وخدم المدفع في الجيش البريطاني حتى العام 1967 ثم أخرج من الخدمة. (ar) The Ordnance QF 25-pounder, or more simply 25-pounder or 25-pdr, was the major British field gun and howitzer during the Second World War. Its calibre is 3.45-inch (87.6 mm). It was introduced into service just before the war started, combining both high-angle and direct-fire abilities, a relatively high rate of fire, and a reasonably lethal shell in a highly mobile piece. It remained the British Army's primary artillery field piece well into the 1960s, with smaller numbers serving in training units until the 1980s. Many Commonwealth of Nations countries used theirs in active or reserve service until about the 1970s and ammunition for the weapon is currently being produced by Pakistan Ordnance Factories. Initial production was slow, but by 1945, over 12,000 had been manufactured. The 25-pounder was probably the most outstanding field artillery piece used by British and Commonwealth forces in the Second World War, being durable, easy to operate and versatile. (en) Le canon Ordnance QF 25 pounder, ou simplement 25-pounder ou 25-pdr fut le principal obusier/canon de campagne britannique entre la fin des années 1930 et les années 1960. Il entra en service juste avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour remplacer l'Ordnance QF 18 pounder et l'obusier de 4,5 pouces et fut considéré par beaucoup comme la meilleure pièce d'artillerie de campagne de la guerre, associant cadence de tir élevée, projectile relativement efficace et mobilité élevée. La plupart des pays du Commonwealth les ont conservés jusque dans les années 1970, la Grande-Bretagne utilisant encore quelques exemplaires pour l'entraînement jusque dans les années 1980. Après son abandon par les forces britanniques, le 25-pdr a encore été utilisé en Oman durant la guerre du Dhofar (bataille de Mirbat, 1972) ainsi que par la garde nationale chypriote durant l'invasion turque de 1974 et par les Kurdes du nord de l'Irak en 2003. Ses munitions sont aujourd'hui fabriquées par les arsenaux du Pakistan. (fr) オードナンス QF 25ポンド砲（英: Ordnance QF 25 Pounder）とは、第一次世界大戦と第二次世界大戦の戦間期にイギリスが開発した野砲/榴弾砲兼用の野戦砲であり、一般には25ポンド野砲とも呼ばれる。 (ja) De Ordnance QF 25-ponder of 25-ponder of 25-pdr was de meestgebruikte Britse houwitser tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. QF staat daarbij voor quick firing oftewel snel schietend, en 25-ponder staat voor de massa van de granaten die het afvuurde: 25 lb (Engelse ponden) (11,5 kg). De getrokken vuurmond had een kaliber van 3,45 inch (8,76 cm) en werd kort voor het uitbreken van de oorlog in dienst genomen. De vuurmond kon zowel voor krombaanvuur als vuur met directe richting ingezet worden, had een hogere vuursnelheid en was mobieler dan oudere vuurmonden. De ontwikkeling begon in 1930, het wapen werd ingevoerd in 1939 en had zijn vuurdoop in 1940 bij de gevechten om Narvik (Noorwegen). Vergeleken met ander geschut uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog had de 25-ponder een kleiner kaliber en een vuurde lichtere granaten af, terwijl hij een grotere dracht had dan de meeste. Veel strijdkrachten waren de oorlog ingegaan met nog lichter geschut van rond de 75 mm maar waren al snel overgeschakeld naar kalibers rond de 105 mm of groter. De 25-ponder was ontworpen om onderdrukkend vuur te geven, niet het vernietigende vuur dat in de eerste jaren van de Eerste Wereldoorlog niet werkzaam was gebleken. Desalniettemin werd de 25-ponder door velen beschouwd als een van de beste artilleriestukken in de oorlog. De uitwerking van de granaten en de snelheid waarmee het Britse vuurcontrolesysteem kon reageren zorgden ervoor dat tegenstanders geloofden dat de Britten een automatische 25-ponder hadden. Het bleef de belangrijkste vuurmond van het Britse leger tot ver in de jaren ‘60. Bij opleidingseenheden bleef het zelfs tot de jaren ‘80 in gebruik. Veel Gemenebest van Naties landen gebruikten de vuurmond ook tot ongeveer de jaren '70. Ook de Nederlandse en Belgische krijgsmachten gebruikten de 25-ponder.Vanwege het kaliber van 8,76 cm en de toepassing als veldgeschut werd de vuurmond in Nederland ook wel de 9-veld genoemd. Diverse landen gebruiken de 25-ponder nog steeds (2019). Munitie voor het wapen wordt momenteel geproduceerd door Pakistan Ordnance Factories. (nl) Il 25 libbre, il cui nome ufficiale era Ordnance, QF 25 pdr Mk 2, era un obice-cannone (cioè una bocca da fuoco che poteva essere usata sia come obice, sia a puntamento diretto) leggero di fabbricazione britannica introdotto nel 1939. Nel corso della seconda guerra mondiale fu l'arma più diffusa nell'artiglieria divisionale britannica e, successivamente, fu usata da un numero notevole di nazioni sia NATO sia neutrali. (it) Haubicoarmata 25-funtowa (ang. Ordnance QF 25-pounder) – haubicoarmata brytyjska kalibru 87,6 mm, która weszła na wyposażenie armii brytyjskiej tuż przed wybuchem II wojny światowej. Podstawowe działo polowe armii Wielkiej Brytanii i jej dominiów oraz armii sojuszniczych organizowanych w Wielkiej Brytanii podczas wojny. Istniały dwa zasadnicze modele dział 25-funtowych: wczesny mniej liczny Mark I, powstały przez modyfikację dział 18-funtowych (18/25-pounder), oraz podstawowy Mark II. Uznawana jest za jedno z najlepszych dział kiedykolwiek zbudowanych – w służbie brytyjskiej pozostała aż do końca lat pięćdziesiątych. Niewielkie ilości tej broni były używane w celach szkoleniowych aż do 1967, a armie wielu krajów Wspólnoty Narodów używały ich jeszcze dłużej. „25-funtówka” została wycofana ze służby z powodu standaryzacji broni i amunicji NATO. (pl) Ordnance QF 25 pounder (англ. Quick Firing 25-pounder, или просто 25-фунтовка) — 87,6-мм английская полевая пушка-гаубица, которая была принята на вооружение перед Второй мировой войной и была основной артиллерийской системой в британской армии до начала 1960-х гг. В небольших количествах орудия этого типа служили в Великобритании в качестве учебных до 1967 года, тогда как многие страны Британского Содружества продолжали использовать их и далее. 25-фунтовая пушка-гаубица входит в число лучших орудий Второй мировой войны благодаря универсализму применения. Несмотря на свой небольшой калибр по сравнению с другими орудиями той эпохи, 25-фунтовка была снята с вооружения только из-за проводимой в НАТО политики стандартизации вооружений. Более того, британские артиллеристы были отнюдь не в восторженных настроениях по поводу снятия с вооружения проверенной временем и боями 25-фунтовки. Последний раз 25-фунтовое орудие использовалось в бою британскими войсками в Омане в 1972 году. (ru) QF 25磅炮（英語：Ordnance QF 25-pounder），或稱25磅炮，是英国陆军在第二次世界大战中广泛使用的一种3.45英寸（87.6 mm）口径的野战加榴炮。25磅炮在二战爆发前刚刚进入部队服役，它的设计结合了榴弹炮和加农炮的特性，既可以平射兼具反坦克能力，又有很高的最大射角，能有效地为部队提供曲射支援。作为一门相对轻量级的火炮，25磅炮的射速和杀伤力都很优秀。二战中，25磅炮参与了西欧和北非战区的各场战役；在战后，25磅炮继续在英国陆军中服役，直到20世纪60年代才退居二线——英国陆军中训练单位一直使用25磅炮到80年代。二战爆发后，25磅炮被大量提供给各英联邦自治领和其他同盟国部队。这些国家同样在战后长期使用25磅炮，其弹药直至今日还在生产。虽然最开始25磅炮的生产速度十分缓慢，但随着战争进程，到1945年时，一共有高达12000门火炮被生产出来。总的来说，由于其性能全面，可靠耐用，25磅炮是二战中英国生产的最优秀的野战炮。 (zh) |
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Kanón OQF 25 pounder (Ordnance Quick Fire 25-pounder neboli "pětadvacetiliberní kanón") byla britská kanónová houfnice ráže 87,6 mm, která vstoupila do služby těsně před začátkem druhé světové války. Ve výzbroji nahradila zastaralé 18liberní dělo (Ordnance QF 18-pdr Gun) a 4,5palcovou houfnici (Ordnance QF 4,5 inch Howitzer). Stala se základním polním dělem britské armády až do šedesátých let. V mnoha státech Commonwealthu byla ve službě až do sedmdesátých let a několik kusů sloužilo ve Velké Británii k výcvikovým účelům až do let osmdesátých. (cs) أوردنانس كيو إف 25 رطل (بالإنجليزية: Ordnance QF 25 pounder) أو بالاسم الشائع 25 رطل (بالإنجليزية: pounder-25) هو مدفع ميدان هاوتزر بريطاني من صنع شركة رويال أوردنانس في إنكلترا، دخل المدفع الخدمة في الجيش البريطاني قبيل الحرب العالمية الثانية والتي أثبت من خلالها مدى كفاءته حيث أعتبر أفضل مدفع ميدان خلال سنوات الحرب وخدم المدفع في الجيش البريطاني حتى العام 1967 ثم أخرج من الخدمة. (ar) オードナンス QF 25ポンド砲（英: Ordnance QF 25 Pounder）とは、第一次世界大戦と第二次世界大戦の戦間期にイギリスが開発した野砲/榴弾砲兼用の野戦砲であり、一般には25ポンド野砲とも呼ばれる。 (ja) Il 25 libbre, il cui nome ufficiale era Ordnance, QF 25 pdr Mk 2, era un obice-cannone (cioè una bocca da fuoco che poteva essere usata sia come obice, sia a puntamento diretto) leggero di fabbricazione britannica introdotto nel 1939. Nel corso della seconda guerra mondiale fu l'arma più diffusa nell'artiglieria divisionale britannica e, successivamente, fu usata da un numero notevole di nazioni sia NATO sia neutrali. (it) QF 25磅炮（英語：Ordnance QF 25-pounder），或稱25磅炮，是英国陆军在第二次世界大战中广泛使用的一种3.45英寸（87.6 mm）口径的野战加榴炮。25磅炮在二战爆发前刚刚进入部队服役，它的设计结合了榴弹炮和加农炮的特性，既可以平射兼具反坦克能力，又有很高的最大射角，能有效地为部队提供曲射支援。作为一门相对轻量级的火炮，25磅炮的射速和杀伤力都很优秀。二战中，25磅炮参与了西欧和北非战区的各场战役；在战后，25磅炮继续在英国陆军中服役，直到20世纪60年代才退居二线——英国陆军中训练单位一直使用25磅炮到80年代。二战爆发后，25磅炮被大量提供给各英联邦自治领和其他同盟国部队。这些国家同样在战后长期使用25磅炮，其弹药直至今日还在生产。虽然最开始25磅炮的生产速度十分缓慢，但随着战争进程，到1945年时，一共有高达12000门火炮被生产出来。总的来说，由于其性能全面，可靠耐用，25磅炮是二战中英国生产的最优秀的野战炮。 (zh) The Ordnance QF 25-pounder, or more simply 25-pounder or 25-pdr, was the major British field gun and howitzer during the Second World War. Its calibre is 3.45-inch (87.6 mm). It was introduced into service just before the war started, combining both high-angle and direct-fire abilities, a relatively high rate of fire, and a reasonably lethal shell in a highly mobile piece. It remained the British Army's primary artillery field piece well into the 1960s, with smaller numbers serving in training units until the 1980s. Many Commonwealth of Nations countries used theirs in active or reserve service until about the 1970s and ammunition for the weapon is currently being produced by Pakistan Ordnance Factories. Initial production was slow, but by 1945, over 12,000 had been manufactured. The 25-po (en) Le canon Ordnance QF 25 pounder, ou simplement 25-pounder ou 25-pdr fut le principal obusier/canon de campagne britannique entre la fin des années 1930 et les années 1960. Il entra en service juste avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour remplacer l'Ordnance QF 18 pounder et l'obusier de 4,5 pouces et fut considéré par beaucoup comme la meilleure pièce d'artillerie de campagne de la guerre, associant cadence de tir élevée, projectile relativement efficace et mobilité élevée. (fr) Haubicoarmata 25-funtowa (ang. Ordnance QF 25-pounder) – haubicoarmata brytyjska kalibru 87,6 mm, która weszła na wyposażenie armii brytyjskiej tuż przed wybuchem II wojny światowej. Podstawowe działo polowe armii Wielkiej Brytanii i jej dominiów oraz armii sojuszniczych organizowanych w Wielkiej Brytanii podczas wojny. Istniały dwa zasadnicze modele dział 25-funtowych: wczesny mniej liczny Mark I, powstały przez modyfikację dział 18-funtowych (18/25-pounder), oraz podstawowy Mark II. Uznawana jest za jedno z najlepszych dział kiedykolwiek zbudowanych – w służbie brytyjskiej pozostała aż do końca lat pięćdziesiątych. Niewielkie ilości tej broni były używane w celach szkoleniowych aż do 1967, a armie wielu krajów Wspólnoty Narodów używały ich jeszcze dłużej. „25-funtówka” została wycofana z (pl) De Ordnance QF 25-ponder of 25-ponder of 25-pdr was de meestgebruikte Britse houwitser tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. QF staat daarbij voor quick firing oftewel snel schietend, en 25-ponder staat voor de massa van de granaten die het afvuurde: 25 lb (Engelse ponden) (11,5 kg). De getrokken vuurmond had een kaliber van 3,45 inch (8,76 cm) en werd kort voor het uitbreken van de oorlog in dienst genomen. De vuurmond kon zowel voor krombaanvuur als vuur met directe richting ingezet worden, had een hogere vuursnelheid en was mobieler dan oudere vuurmonden. (nl) Ordnance QF 25 pounder (англ. Quick Firing 25-pounder, или просто 25-фунтовка) — 87,6-мм английская полевая пушка-гаубица, которая была принята на вооружение перед Второй мировой войной и была основной артиллерийской системой в британской армии до начала 1960-х гг. В небольших количествах орудия этого типа служили в Великобритании в качестве учебных до 1967 года, тогда как многие страны Британского Содружества продолжали использовать их и далее. 25-фунтовая пушка-гаубица входит в число лучших орудий Второй мировой войны благодаря универсализму применения. Несмотря на свой небольшой калибр по сравнению с другими орудиями той эпохи, 25-фунтовка была снята с вооружения только из-за проводимой в НАТО политики стандартизации вооружений. Более того, британские артиллеристы были отнюдь не в вост (ru) |
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أوردنانس 25 رطل (ar) Ordnance QF 25 pounder (cs) Ordnance QF 25 pounder (fr) Ordnance QF 25 lb (it) QF 25ポンド砲 (ja) Ordnance QF 25-pounder (en) Haubicoarmata 25-funtowa (pl) QF 25-ponder (nl) 25-фунтовая пушка-гаубица (ru) QF 25磅榴彈炮 (zh) |
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