Pattern formation (original) (raw)
Musterbildung ist ein in verschiedenen Zusammenhängen auftretender zeitlich begrenzter dynamischer Prozess, bei dem sich selbständig periodische Muster bzw. Strukturen bilden, nachdem zuvor ein ursprünglich räumlich homogener Zustand instabil geworden ist, also ein Phasenübergang stattgefunden hat. Musterbildung kann räumlich, zeitlich, oder räumlich-zeitlich stattfinden. Von „Strukturen“ statt „Mustern“ spricht man i. d. R., wenn die Muster räumlich und nicht-flüchtig auftreten, d. h. wenn sich temporäre räumliche Muster stabilisieren.
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| dbo:abstract | Studium vzniku vzorů v biologických systémech se zabývá viditelnými pravidelnými uspořádání, která jsou výsledkem principů sebeorganizace. Pomocí matematických modelů lze předpovědět mechanismy, jež regulují vznik vzorů v přírodě včetně zbarvení srsti savců, organizace a počet prstů, pravolevá asymetrie apod. Organizace segmentů během vývoje octomilky skrze expresi tzv. "gap" genů. Vizualizováno pomocí RNA in situ hybridizace. Ve vývojové biologii vznik pravidelných uspořádání odkazuje na tvorbu komplexní organizace buněčného osudu v prostoru a čase. Tato organizace je důležitá pro vznik komplexnějších uspořádání tkání a orgánů, proces vzniku těchto vyšších celků se nazývá morfogeneze. Geny, které ovládají vznik vzorů u živočichů, jsou často evolučně velmi konzervované a rozmanitost v anatomii je způsobena odlišnou regulací genů (včetně tzv. morfogenů schopných stimulovat odlišné buněčné chování závisejíce na relativní koncentraci). Známý model vzniku vzorů je předozadní asymetrie embryí modelového organismu Drosophila melanogaster (octomilka), kde produkty genů s postupně snižující se koncentrací indukují kaskády genové exprese, která určuje lokalizaci předních a zadních částí těla octomilky. (cs) Musterbildung ist ein in verschiedenen Zusammenhängen auftretender zeitlich begrenzter dynamischer Prozess, bei dem sich selbständig periodische Muster bzw. Strukturen bilden, nachdem zuvor ein ursprünglich räumlich homogener Zustand instabil geworden ist, also ein Phasenübergang stattgefunden hat. Musterbildung kann räumlich, zeitlich, oder räumlich-zeitlich stattfinden. Von „Strukturen“ statt „Mustern“ spricht man i. d. R., wenn die Muster räumlich und nicht-flüchtig auftreten, d. h. wenn sich temporäre räumliche Muster stabilisieren. (de) The science of pattern formation deals with the visible, (statistically) orderly outcomes of self-organization and the common principles behind similar patterns in nature. In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis, the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo. The mechanisms involved are well seen in the anterior-posterior patterning of embryos from the model organism Drosophila melanogaster (a fruit fly), one of the first organisms to have its morphogenesis studied, and in the eyespots of butterflies, whose development is a variant of the standard (fruit fly) mechanism. (en) A ciência da formação de padrões lida com os resultados visíveis (estatisticamente) organizados da auto-organização e os princípios comuns por trás de padrões similares na natureza . Na biologia do desenvolvimento, a formação de padrões refere-se à geração de organizações complexas de especificação celular no espaço e no tempo. A formação de padrões é controlada por genes. O papel dos genes na formação de padrões é um aspecto da morfogênese, a criação de diversas estruturas anatômicas a partir de genes semelhantes, agora sendo explorados na ciência da biologia do desenvolvimento evolucionário ou evo-devo. Os mecanismos envolvidos são observados, por exemplo, no padrão dos embriões do organismo-modelo Drosophila melanogaster (uma mosca da fruta), um dos primeiros organismos a ter sua morfogênese estudada, e nos desenhos de olhos nas asas de borboletas, cujo desenvolvimento é uma variante de o mecanismo padrão (mosca da fruta). (pt) |
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| rdfs:comment | Musterbildung ist ein in verschiedenen Zusammenhängen auftretender zeitlich begrenzter dynamischer Prozess, bei dem sich selbständig periodische Muster bzw. Strukturen bilden, nachdem zuvor ein ursprünglich räumlich homogener Zustand instabil geworden ist, also ein Phasenübergang stattgefunden hat. Musterbildung kann räumlich, zeitlich, oder räumlich-zeitlich stattfinden. Von „Strukturen“ statt „Mustern“ spricht man i. d. R., wenn die Muster räumlich und nicht-flüchtig auftreten, d. h. wenn sich temporäre räumliche Muster stabilisieren. (de) Studium vzniku vzorů v biologických systémech se zabývá viditelnými pravidelnými uspořádání, která jsou výsledkem principů sebeorganizace. Pomocí matematických modelů lze předpovědět mechanismy, jež regulují vznik vzorů v přírodě včetně zbarvení srsti savců, organizace a počet prstů, pravolevá asymetrie apod. Organizace segmentů během vývoje octomilky skrze expresi tzv. "gap" genů. Vizualizováno pomocí RNA in situ hybridizace. (cs) The science of pattern formation deals with the visible, (statistically) orderly outcomes of self-organization and the common principles behind similar patterns in nature. In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis, the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo. The mechanisms involved are well seen in the anterior-posterior patterning of embryos from the model organism Drosophila melanogaster (a fruit fly), one of the first organisms to have its morphogenesis studied, and in the eyespots of butterflies, whose development is a variant of the standar (en) A ciência da formação de padrões lida com os resultados visíveis (estatisticamente) organizados da auto-organização e os princípios comuns por trás de padrões similares na natureza . Na biologia do desenvolvimento, a formação de padrões refere-se à geração de organizações complexas de especificação celular no espaço e no tempo. A formação de padrões é controlada por genes. O papel dos genes na formação de padrões é um aspecto da morfogênese, a criação de diversas estruturas anatômicas a partir de genes semelhantes, agora sendo explorados na ciência da biologia do desenvolvimento evolucionário ou evo-devo. Os mecanismos envolvidos são observados, por exemplo, no padrão dos embriões do organismo-modelo Drosophila melanogaster (uma mosca da fruta), um dos primeiros organismos a ter sua morfog (pt) |
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