| dbo:abstract |
L'arrêt Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996), est un arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis rendu le 20 mai 1996, concernant l'orientation sexuelle et les lois des États. Il s'agit de la première décision relative aux droits LGBT depuis l'arrêt Bowers v. Hardwick de 1986, confirmant les constitutionnalité des lois anti-sodomie. La Cour juge, six votes contre trois, que l'amendement 2 à la Constitution du Colorado, qui interdit les législations contre la discrimination envers les personnes homosexuelles et bisexuelles, ne satisfait pas à la clause d'égale protection prévue par le XIVe amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis. L'opinion majoritaire affirme que l'amendement manque d'un « lien rationnel avec les intérêts légitimes de l'État », et l'opinion dissidente relève que la majorité « de tout évidence est d'accord que le fondement rationnel — le test normal pour la conformité à la clause d'égale protection — est le standard dirigeant ». L'amendement ne passe pas l'analyse du « fondement rationnel ». La décision Romer v. Evans est annonciatrice d'autres arrêts importants pour les droits des personnes homosexuelles : Lawrence v. Texas, effectuant en 2003 un revirement de la jurisprudence Bowers, (en), annulant en 2013 la section 3 du Defense of Marriage Act, et Obergefell v. Hodges légalisant en 2015 le mariage homosexuel à l'échelle du pays. Dans ces quatre arrêts, l'opinion majoritaire est rédigée par Anthony Kennedy. (fr) Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996), is a landmark United States Supreme Court case dealing with sexual orientation and state laws. It was the first Supreme Court case to address gay rights since Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), when the Court had held that laws criminalizing sodomy were constitutional. The Court ruled in a 6–3 decision that a state constitutional amendment in Colorado preventing protected status based upon homosexuality or bisexuality did not satisfy the Equal Protection Clause. The majority opinion in Romer stated that the amendment lacked "a rational relationship to legitimate state interests", and the dissent stated that the majority "evidently agrees that 'rational basis'—the normal test for compliance with the Equal Protection Clause—is the governing standard". The state constitutional amendment failed rational basis review. The decision in Romer set the stage for Lawrence v. Texas (2003), where the Court overruled its decision in Bowers; for the Supreme Court ruling striking down Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act in United States v. Windsor (2013); and for the Court's ruling striking down state bans on same-sex marriage in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015). Justice Anthony Kennedy authored all four opinions, and was joined by Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer in every one. (en) |
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Scalia (en) |
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Roy Romer, Governor of Colorado, et al. v. Richard G. Evans, et al. (en) |
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An amendment to the Colorado Constitution that prevents protected status under the law for homosexuals or bisexuals violates the Equal Protection Clause because it is not rationally related to a legitimate state interest. Supreme Court of Colorado affirmed. (en) |
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Rehnquist, Thomas (en) |
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U.S. Const. amend. XIV; Colo. Const. art. II, § 30b (en) |
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Kennedy (en) |
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L'arrêt Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996), est un arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis rendu le 20 mai 1996, concernant l'orientation sexuelle et les lois des États. Il s'agit de la première décision relative aux droits LGBT depuis l'arrêt Bowers v. Hardwick de 1986, confirmant les constitutionnalité des lois anti-sodomie. (fr) Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996), is a landmark United States Supreme Court case dealing with sexual orientation and state laws. It was the first Supreme Court case to address gay rights since Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), when the Court had held that laws criminalizing sodomy were constitutional. (en) |
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Romer v. Evans (fr) Romer v. Evans (en) |
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