Submarine-launched ballistic missile (original) (raw)

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Eine U-Boot-gestützte ballistische Rakete (kurz SLBM, für „Submarine-launched ballistic missile“) ist eine ballistische Rakete, die zur Abfeuerung von U-Booten (SSBN) aus vorgesehen ist. Moderne SLBMs entsprechen in der Reichweite praktisch Interkontinentalraketen und können meist mit nuklearen Mehrfach-Sprengköpfen bestückt werden.

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dbo:abstract صاروخ باليستي يطلق من غواصة (SLBM) هو صاروخ باليستي قادر على إطلاقه من الغواصات. عادة ما تقدم الأنواع الحديثة العديد من مركبات إعادة الدخول المستهدف بشكل مستقل (MIRVs) يحمل كل منها رأسًا حربيًا نوويًا ويسمح بإطلاق صاروخ واحد مما يُمكن من إصابة عدة أهداف. تعمل الصواريخ البالستية التي تُطلق من الغواصات بطريقة مختلفة عن القذائف الانسيابية التي تطلق هي الأخرى من الغواصات. ترتبط الصواريخ الباليستية الحديثة التي تطلق من الغواصات ارتباطا وثيقا بالقذائف الباليستية العابرة للقارات (التي يبلغ طولها أكثر من 5500 كيلومتر (3000 نانومتر)) وفي العديد من الحالات قد تكون الصواريخ المضادة للقذائف التسيارية والقذائف التسيارية العابرة للقارات جزءا من عائلة الأسلحة نفسها. (ar) SLBM neboli Submarine-launched ballistic missile je balistická střela odpalovaná z ponorky. Je schopná dopravit na místo určení s vysokou přesností bojovou hlavici (warhead), většinou vybavenou jadernou nebo termonukleární náloží. Moderní SLBM obvykle obsahují více samostatných modulů, každý z nich nese jednu hlavici (jde o tzv. - Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle), tato technologie umožňuje díky jednomu odpalu jaderné střely zasáhnout několik cílů. V terminologii US Navy je konvenční ponorka nesoucí SLBM označovaná zkratkou SSB, jaderná pak SSBN. Ruské námořnictvo užívá termín ПЛАРБ (подводная лодка атомная с ракетами баллистическими) pro jaderné ponorky nesoucí balistické střely. Novodobé SLBM jsou srovnatelné s mezikontinentálními balistickými střelami (ICBM). Jinou technologií jsou - z ponorky odpalované střely s plochou dráhou letu. (cs) Un míssil balístic de llançament submarí o SLBM (per les sigles en anglès de Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile) és un míssil balístic dissenyat per poder ser llançat des d'un i altres naus de grans dimensions condicionades per aquesta finalitat. A causa de la mobilitat i deslocalització que ofereixen aquests míssils (gràcies al fet de ser llançats i transportats per submarins amb capacitat per a 20 míssils balístics intercontinentals i armes de ), solen ser catalogats com unes de les armes més perilloses que existeixen en l'actualitat. Si bé els últims avenços en acústica han debilitat aquests submarins en facilitar-ne (relativament) la seva detecció, quan operen des de mars parcialment tancats de fàcil control pels seus armadors (com el Mar d'Okhotsk rus i el Carib nord-americà) o sota els gels polars constitueixen una amenaça pràcticament invencible. A causa d'aquestes raons tenen una especial importància estratègica per assegurar la suma zero total o destrucció mútua assegurada que permet una fràgil pau en què ningú atacarà primer per por a represàlies. (ca) Eine U-Boot-gestützte ballistische Rakete (kurz SLBM, für „Submarine-launched ballistic missile“) ist eine ballistische Rakete, die zur Abfeuerung von U-Booten (SSBN) aus vorgesehen ist. Moderne SLBMs entsprechen in der Reichweite praktisch Interkontinentalraketen und können meist mit nuklearen Mehrfach-Sprengköpfen bestückt werden. (de) Un missile mer-sol balistique stratégique (MSBS) - en anglais SLBM : Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile - est un missile balistique dont l'ogive contient une ou plusieurs têtes nucléaires, et qui est lancé depuis un sous-marin nucléaire lanceur d'engins (SNLE) en plongée. Ce type de missiles arme les forces nucléaires stratégiques ; il constitue, dans les doctrines de dissuasion nucléaire, l'arme de seconde frappe ou de rétorsion. (fr) Un misil balístico lanzado desde submarino es un misil balístico diseñado para poder lanzarse desde un submarino especialmente diseñado con tal fin. Eventualmente puede ser lanzado por otros navíos de grandes dimensiones acondicionados para tal fin. Suele conocérselo por su acrónimo en inglés: SLBM, (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile). Mientras que en francés de denomina MSBS, missile mer-sol balistique stratégique. Y en ruso Баллистические ракеты подводных лодок (БРПЛ). Este tipo de misiles arma a las fuerzas nucleares estratégicas; constituye, según las doctrinas de disuasión nuclear, un arma de segundo ataque o represalia. (es) Peluru kendali balistik berbasis kapal selam atau dalam bahasa Inggris: submarine-launched ballistic missiles disingkat SLBM adalah peluru kendali balistik yang membawa hulu ledak nuklir yang ditembakkan dari kapal selam. Jenis terbaru membawa MIRV yang masing-masing membawa hulu ledaknya sendiri yang memungkinkan sebuah misil tetapi dapat menghancurkan beberapa target sekaligus. Uji coba sukses pertama peluncuran rudal balistik berbasis kapal selam dilakukan oleh U-boat Jerman pada Perang Dunia II menggunakan menara peluncuran di atas sebuah kapal selam. Pada tahap perkembangan awal, rudal jenis ini mengharuskan kapal selam untuk muncul di permukaan sebelum dapat menembakkan rudal. Setelah Perang Dunia II, dikembangkan sistem peluncuran yang memungkinkan peluncuran dari kapal selam yang sedang berada di bawah air. Uni Soviet pada 1955 merupakan negara pertama yang sukses meluncurkan rudal balistik dari sebuah kapal selam. Rudal balistik berbasis kapal selam telah menjadi kepentingan strategis bagi Amerika Serikat dan Rusia sejak masa Perang Dingin dikarenakan sifatnya yang dapat bersembunyi dari satelit dan dapat merapat ke perairan musuh kemudian menembakkan senjata nuklir tanpa peringatan. (in) A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead and allows a single launched missile to strike several targets. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles operate in a different way from submarine-launched cruise missiles. Modern submarine-launched ballistic missiles are closely related to intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), with ranges of over 5,500 kilometres (3,000 nmi), and in many cases SLBMs and ICBMs may be part of the same family of weapons. (en) 잠수함 발사 탄도 미사일/잠수함 발사 탄도 유도탄(Submarine-launched ballistic missile, SLBM)은 전략 잠수함에서 발사할 수 있도록 개량한 탄도유도탄이다. 운반체로서는 발사 비용이 매우 비싸기 때문에 다탄두 각개목표설정 재돌입 비행체(Multiple independently-targetable reentry vehicle, MIRV)화 하여 한 번 발사할 때 여러 목표물을 공격하는 형태를 취하기도 한다. 잠수함 발사 순항 미사일(Submarine-launched cruise missile, SLCM)과는 비슷한 이름을 지녔지만 완전히 다른 작동 방식으로 운용되고, 오히려 대륙간 탄도 미사일(Intercontinental ballistic missiles, ICBM)과 더 높은 연관성을 지닌다. 잠수함에서 발사할 수 있기 때문에 목표물이 본국보다 해안에서 더 가까울 때에는 잠수함을 해안에 근접시켜 발사할 수 있으며, 조기에 모든 미사일을 탐지하기가 어렵다는 장점이 있다. (ko) 潜水艦発射型弾道ミサイル（せんすいかんはっしゃだんどうミサイル、英語: submarine-launched ballistic missile, SLBM）は、射程に限らず潜水艦から発射する弾道ミサイルを指す。現用兵器は全て核弾頭を装備する戦略兵器であり、爆撃機および大陸間弾道ミサイルと並ぶ主要な核兵器運搬手段である。SLBMを搭載した潜水艦は弾道ミサイル潜水艦と呼ばれる。 (ja) SLBM è una sigla inglese che sta per Submarine-launched ballistic missile ovvero "missile balistico lanciato da sottomarino". Con questo termine si indicano i missili balistici intercontinentali di cui sono dotati i sottomarini lanciamissili balistici. L'Italia, agli inizi degli anni sessanta, avrebbe voluto acquisire quattro missili SLBM con testata nucleare di tipo Polaris da installare sull'incrociatore Giuseppe Garibaldi, ma gli Stati Uniti non fornirono i missili per ragioni di natura politica. (it) Pocisk balistyczny wystrzeliwany z okrętu podwodnego, SLBM (od ang. submarine-launched ballistic missile) – pocisk balistyczny klasy woda–ziemia zaprojektowany do wystrzeliwania z okrętu podwodnego i przenoszenia głowicy jądrowej. Nowoczesny pocisk tego typu uzbrojony jest w kilka takich głowic (MIRV, od ang. multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle), co pozwala na jednoczesne uderzenie w kilka niezależnych celów przy odpaleniu jednej rakiety. 16 września 1955 o godzinie 17.32 na Morzu Białym kapitan drugiej rangi (komandor porucznik) F.I. Kozłow dokonał pierwszego na świecie odpalenia pocisku balistycznego (R-11FM) z okrętu podwodnego znajdującego się na powierzchni morza. 20 lipca 1960 o godzinie 12:39 z pierwszego na świecie strategicznego okrętu podwodnego z napędem atomowym, USS George Washington, dokonano pierwszego na świecie odpalenia pocisku balistycznego w zanurzeniu. (pl) Mísseis balísticos lançados de submarino (em inglês: Submarine-launched ballistic missile, SLBM), são mísseis balísticos capazes de lançar armas nucleares por meio de submarinos.Variantes modernas geralmente lançam vários MIRVs, cada um dos quais transporta uma ogiva e permite que um único míssil lançado possa atacar diversos alvos. Os SLBMs não devem ser confundidos com os mísseis de cruzeiro lançados de submarino, que operam de uma maneira diferente. Eram azes de alcançar os 5 000km. (pt) Балістичні ракети підводних човнів — балістичні ракети, які можна запускати з підводних човнів. Сучасні ракети можуть нести ядерні боєголовки з роздільною бойовою частиною. Як правило, передбачається можливість запуску з підводного човна, що перебуває у зануреному положенні. Радіус дії сучасних БРПЧ може досягати 5500 км, тому їх можна вважати різновидом міжконтинентальних балістичних ракет. Слід відрізняти балістичні ракети від крилатих ракет, деякі з яких теж можуть базуватись на підводних човнах. (uk) Баллистические ракеты подводных лодок (БРПЛ) — баллистические ракеты, размещаемые на подводных лодках, которые именуются как ПЛРБ и ПЛАРБ. Практически все БРПЛ оснащаются ядерными боезарядами и составляют Морские Стратегические Ядерные Силы (МСЯС) — одну из составляющих ядерной триады. Практически все реализованные штатные ПЛРБ являются атомными. Первые БРПЛ были малой и средней дальности. Современные БРПЛ обладают межконтинентальной дальностью, оснащаются разделяющимися головными частями с индивидуальным наведением и способны поразить одновременно несколько целей на удалении сотен километров друг от друга. Существуют также крылатые ракеты, размещаемые на соответствующих подводных лодках (ПЛАРК). (ru) 潛射彈道飛彈（英語：submarine-launched ballistic missile，缩写为SLBM）是指由弹道导弹潛艦发射的弹道导弹。现代化的该类型导弹大多具备搭载多目標重返大氣層載具（MIRVs）能力，以便由一枚载具同时配备多个核弹头同时攻击多个目标。潜射弹道导弹的操作方式不同于。 (zh)
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rdfs:comment Eine U-Boot-gestützte ballistische Rakete (kurz SLBM, für „Submarine-launched ballistic missile“) ist eine ballistische Rakete, die zur Abfeuerung von U-Booten (SSBN) aus vorgesehen ist. Moderne SLBMs entsprechen in der Reichweite praktisch Interkontinentalraketen und können meist mit nuklearen Mehrfach-Sprengköpfen bestückt werden. (de) Un missile mer-sol balistique stratégique (MSBS) - en anglais SLBM : Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile - est un missile balistique dont l'ogive contient une ou plusieurs têtes nucléaires, et qui est lancé depuis un sous-marin nucléaire lanceur d'engins (SNLE) en plongée. Ce type de missiles arme les forces nucléaires stratégiques ; il constitue, dans les doctrines de dissuasion nucléaire, l'arme de seconde frappe ou de rétorsion. (fr) 잠수함 발사 탄도 미사일/잠수함 발사 탄도 유도탄(Submarine-launched ballistic missile, SLBM)은 전략 잠수함에서 발사할 수 있도록 개량한 탄도유도탄이다. 운반체로서는 발사 비용이 매우 비싸기 때문에 다탄두 각개목표설정 재돌입 비행체(Multiple independently-targetable reentry vehicle, MIRV)화 하여 한 번 발사할 때 여러 목표물을 공격하는 형태를 취하기도 한다. 잠수함 발사 순항 미사일(Submarine-launched cruise missile, SLCM)과는 비슷한 이름을 지녔지만 완전히 다른 작동 방식으로 운용되고, 오히려 대륙간 탄도 미사일(Intercontinental ballistic missiles, ICBM)과 더 높은 연관성을 지닌다. 잠수함에서 발사할 수 있기 때문에 목표물이 본국보다 해안에서 더 가까울 때에는 잠수함을 해안에 근접시켜 발사할 수 있으며, 조기에 모든 미사일을 탐지하기가 어렵다는 장점이 있다. (ko) 潜水艦発射型弾道ミサイル（せんすいかんはっしゃだんどうミサイル、英語: submarine-launched ballistic missile, SLBM）は、射程に限らず潜水艦から発射する弾道ミサイルを指す。現用兵器は全て核弾頭を装備する戦略兵器であり、爆撃機および大陸間弾道ミサイルと並ぶ主要な核兵器運搬手段である。SLBMを搭載した潜水艦は弾道ミサイル潜水艦と呼ばれる。 (ja) SLBM è una sigla inglese che sta per Submarine-launched ballistic missile ovvero "missile balistico lanciato da sottomarino". Con questo termine si indicano i missili balistici intercontinentali di cui sono dotati i sottomarini lanciamissili balistici. L'Italia, agli inizi degli anni sessanta, avrebbe voluto acquisire quattro missili SLBM con testata nucleare di tipo Polaris da installare sull'incrociatore Giuseppe Garibaldi, ma gli Stati Uniti non fornirono i missili per ragioni di natura politica. (it) Mísseis balísticos lançados de submarino (em inglês: Submarine-launched ballistic missile, SLBM), são mísseis balísticos capazes de lançar armas nucleares por meio de submarinos.Variantes modernas geralmente lançam vários MIRVs, cada um dos quais transporta uma ogiva e permite que um único míssil lançado possa atacar diversos alvos. Os SLBMs não devem ser confundidos com os mísseis de cruzeiro lançados de submarino, que operam de uma maneira diferente. Eram azes de alcançar os 5 000km. (pt) Балістичні ракети підводних човнів — балістичні ракети, які можна запускати з підводних човнів. Сучасні ракети можуть нести ядерні боєголовки з роздільною бойовою частиною. Як правило, передбачається можливість запуску з підводного човна, що перебуває у зануреному положенні. Радіус дії сучасних БРПЧ може досягати 5500 км, тому їх можна вважати різновидом міжконтинентальних балістичних ракет. Слід відрізняти балістичні ракети від крилатих ракет, деякі з яких теж можуть базуватись на підводних човнах. (uk) 潛射彈道飛彈（英語：submarine-launched ballistic missile，缩写为SLBM）是指由弹道导弹潛艦发射的弹道导弹。现代化的该类型导弹大多具备搭载多目標重返大氣層載具（MIRVs）能力，以便由一枚载具同时配备多个核弹头同时攻击多个目标。潜射弹道导弹的操作方式不同于。 (zh) صاروخ باليستي يطلق من غواصة (SLBM) هو صاروخ باليستي قادر على إطلاقه من الغواصات. عادة ما تقدم الأنواع الحديثة العديد من مركبات إعادة الدخول المستهدف بشكل مستقل (MIRVs) يحمل كل منها رأسًا حربيًا نوويًا ويسمح بإطلاق صاروخ واحد مما يُمكن من إصابة عدة أهداف. تعمل الصواريخ البالستية التي تُطلق من الغواصات بطريقة مختلفة عن القذائف الانسيابية التي تطلق هي الأخرى من الغواصات. (ar) Un míssil balístic de llançament submarí o SLBM (per les sigles en anglès de Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile) és un míssil balístic dissenyat per poder ser llançat des d'un i altres naus de grans dimensions condicionades per aquesta finalitat. A causa de la mobilitat i deslocalització que ofereixen aquests míssils (gràcies al fet de ser llançats i transportats per submarins amb capacitat per a 20 míssils balístics intercontinentals i armes de ), solen ser catalogats com unes de les armes més perilloses que existeixen en l'actualitat. (ca) SLBM neboli Submarine-launched ballistic missile je balistická střela odpalovaná z ponorky. Je schopná dopravit na místo určení s vysokou přesností bojovou hlavici (warhead), většinou vybavenou jadernou nebo termonukleární náloží. Moderní SLBM obvykle obsahují více samostatných modulů, každý z nich nese jednu hlavici (jde o tzv. - Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle), tato technologie umožňuje díky jednomu odpalu jaderné střely zasáhnout několik cílů. V terminologii US Navy je konvenční ponorka nesoucí SLBM označovaná zkratkou SSB, jaderná pak SSBN. Ruské námořnictvo užívá termín ПЛАРБ (подводная лодка атомная с ракетами баллистическими) pro jaderné ponorky nesoucí balistické střely. (cs) Un misil balístico lanzado desde submarino es un misil balístico diseñado para poder lanzarse desde un submarino especialmente diseñado con tal fin. Eventualmente puede ser lanzado por otros navíos de grandes dimensiones acondicionados para tal fin. Suele conocérselo por su acrónimo en inglés: SLBM, (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile). Mientras que en francés de denomina MSBS, missile mer-sol balistique stratégique. Y en ruso Баллистические ракеты подводных лодок (БРПЛ). (es) Peluru kendali balistik berbasis kapal selam atau dalam bahasa Inggris: submarine-launched ballistic missiles disingkat SLBM adalah peluru kendali balistik yang membawa hulu ledak nuklir yang ditembakkan dari kapal selam. Jenis terbaru membawa MIRV yang masing-masing membawa hulu ledaknya sendiri yang memungkinkan sebuah misil tetapi dapat menghancurkan beberapa target sekaligus. (in) A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead and allows a single launched missile to strike several targets. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles operate in a different way from submarine-launched cruise missiles. (en) Pocisk balistyczny wystrzeliwany z okrętu podwodnego, SLBM (od ang. submarine-launched ballistic missile) – pocisk balistyczny klasy woda–ziemia zaprojektowany do wystrzeliwania z okrętu podwodnego i przenoszenia głowicy jądrowej. Nowoczesny pocisk tego typu uzbrojony jest w kilka takich głowic (MIRV, od ang. multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle), co pozwala na jednoczesne uderzenie w kilka niezależnych celów przy odpaleniu jednej rakiety. (pl) Баллистические ракеты подводных лодок (БРПЛ) — баллистические ракеты, размещаемые на подводных лодках, которые именуются как ПЛРБ и ПЛАРБ. Практически все БРПЛ оснащаются ядерными боезарядами и составляют Морские Стратегические Ядерные Силы (МСЯС) — одну из составляющих ядерной триады. Практически все реализованные штатные ПЛРБ являются атомными. Первые БРПЛ были малой и средней дальности. Современные БРПЛ обладают межконтинентальной дальностью, оснащаются разделяющимися головными частями с индивидуальным наведением и способны поразить одновременно несколько целей на удалении сотен километров друг от друга. (ru)
rdfs:label صواريخ بالستية تطلق من الغواصات (ar) Míssil balístic de llançament submarí (ca) SLBM (cs) U-Boot-gestützte ballistische Rakete (de) Misil balístico lanzado desde submarino (es) Missile mer-sol balistique stratégique (fr) Peluru kendali balistik berbasis kapal selam (in) SLBM (it) 잠수함 발사 탄도 미사일 (ko) 潜水艦発射弾道ミサイル (ja) Pocisk balistyczny wystrzeliwany z okrętu podwodnego (pl) Míssil balístico lançado de submarino (pt) Submarine-launched ballistic missile (en) Баллистические ракеты подводных лодок (ru) Балістичні ракети підводних човнів (uk) 潜射弹道导弹 (zh)
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is dbp:type of dbr:R-29RMU_Sineva dbr:UGM-133_Trident_II dbr:UGM-27_Polaris dbr:UGM-96_Trident_I dbr:R-21_(missile) dbr:R-29RMU2_Layner dbr:R-29RM_Shtil dbr:R-29_Vysota dbr:R-39_Rif dbr:RSM-56_Bulava
is foaf:primaryTopic of wikipedia-en:Submarine-launched_ballistic_missile