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USS Monitor byla americká obrněná válečná paroloď převratné konstrukce postavená podle plánů švédského inženýra a vynálezce Johna Ericssona. Jako první loď tohoto typu dala USS Monitor jméno konstrukci válečných lodí — monitorům.

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dbo:abstract USS Monitor byla americká obrněná válečná paroloď převratné konstrukce postavená podle plánů švédského inženýra a vynálezce Johna Ericssona. Jako první loď tohoto typu dala USS Monitor jméno konstrukci válečných lodí — monitorům. (cs) Die USS Monitor war das erste Panzerschiff der US-Marine. Sie wurde während des Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieges ab 1861 von dem schwedischen Ingenieur John Ericsson in Brooklyn für die Marine der Nordstaaten gebaut und lief am 30. Januar 1862 vom Stapel. (de) El USS Monitor (30 de enero, 1862 - 31 de diciembre, 1862) fue el primer buque de guerra blindado puesto en servicio por la Armada de los Estados Unidos. Es famoso por participar en el primer enfrentamiento entre dos buques de guerra blindados, en la batalla de Hampton Roads, el 9 de marzo de 1862 durante la Guerra de Secesión, en la cual el Monitor se enfrentó con el buque blindado CSS Virginia de la Armada de los Estados Confederados. El USS Monitor fue el primero de una larga línea de buques de guerra de los EE. UU. de esta clase y el término “monitor” describe una amplia gama en el arte europeo en la defensa de puertos. Los acorazados eran una innovación reciente, comenzada en 1859 con La Gloire (buque de guerra acorazado) y el HMS Warrior. Después, el diseño de naves y la naturaleza de la guerra naval cambiaron drásticamente. (es) Le cuirassé USS Monitor de 1862 est un navire de guerre de l’US Navy qui doit sa célébrité au fait qu'il est le premier à avoir participé à un combat de navires cuirassés, signant par là la fin de l'époque de la marine à voile. Sa courte carrière se déroule pendant la guerre de Sécession (1861 - 1865). (fr) モニター (USS Monitor) は、アメリカ合衆国海軍初の装甲艦。本艦は装甲艦同士で行われた初の海戦、1862年3月9日のハンプトン・ローズ海戦でアメリカ連合国海軍の装甲艦「バージニア」(CSS Virginia) と交戦したことで有名である。本艦はその後建造されていくモニター艦の基礎となった。 本艦が建造される以前の軍艦はほとんどが木造船であった。ハンプトン・ローズ海戦以後、軍艦の設計は鋼鉄の装甲を導入し劇的に変化していった。 (ja) USS Monitor was an ironclad warship built for the Union Navy during the American Civil War and completed in early 1862, the first such ship commissioned by the Navy. Monitor played a central role in the Battle of Hampton Roads on 9 March under the command of Lieutenant John L. Worden, where she fought the casemate ironclad CSS Virginia (built on the hull of the scuttled steam frigate USS Merrimack) to a stalemate. The design of the ship was distinguished by its revolving turret, which was designed by American inventor Theodore Timby; it was quickly duplicated and established the monitor class and type of armored warship built for the American Navy over the next several decades. The remainder of the ship was designed by Swedish-born engineer and inventor John Ericsson, and built in only 101 days in Brooklyn, New York on the East River beginning in late 1861. Monitor presented a new concept in ship design and employed a variety of new inventions and innovations in ship building that caught the attention of the world. The impetus to build Monitor was prompted by the news that the Confederates were building an iron-plated armored vessel named the Virginia in the old Federal naval shipyard at Gosport, near Norfolk, that could effectively engage the Union ships blockading Hampton Roads harbor and the James River leading northwest to Richmond (capital of the Confederacy). They could ultimately advance unchallenged on Washington, D.C., up the Potomac River and other seacoast cities. Before Monitor could reach Hampton Roads, the Confederate ironclad had already destroyed the sail frigates USS Cumberland and USS Congress and had run the steam frigate USS Minnesota aground. That night, Monitor arrived and, just as Virginia set to finish off Minnesota and St. Lawrence on the second day, the new Union ironclad confronted the Confederate ship, preventing her from wreaking further destruction on the wooden Union ships. A four-hour battle ensued, each ship pounding the other with close-range cannon fire, although neither ship could destroy or seriously damage the other. This was the first battle fought between armored warships and marked a turning point in naval warfare. The Confederates were forced to scuttle and destroy Virginia as they withdrew in early May 1862 from Norfolk and its naval shipyard, while Monitor sailed up the James River to support the Union Army during the Peninsula Campaign under General-in-Chief George B. McClellan. The ship participated in the Battle of Drewry's Bluff later that month, and remained in the area giving support to General McClellan's forces on land until she was ordered to join the Union Navy blockaders off North Carolina in December. On her way there, she foundered while under tow during a storm off Cape Hatteras on the last day of the year. Monitor's wreck was discovered in 1973 and has been partially salvaged. Her guns, gun turret, engine, and other relics are on display at the Mariners' Museum in Newport News, Virginia, a few miles from the site of her most important military action. (en) L'USS Monitor fu un monitore dell'Union Navy. È famosa per la sua partecipazione alla prima battaglia tra due navi corazzate, la battaglia di Hampton Roads del 9 marzo 1862 durante la Guerra di secessione americana nella quale combatté contro la nave corazzata CSS Virginia della Confederate States Navy. Fino alla metà del XIX secolo quasi tutte le navi da guerra erano state costruite principalmente in legno, invece negli anni immediatamente precedenti la battaglia di Hampton Roads il progetto delle navi da guerra e - di conseguenza - lo svolgimento degli scontri navali cambiò notevolmente a causa dell'introduzione della corazza. (it) De USS Monitor was een Amerikaans pantserschip. Op 9 maart 1862, toen de bemanning van de USS Monitor het schip ronddraaide en op de CSS Virginia vuurde in Hampton Roads, werd een nieuw tijdperk ingeluid, een tijdperk van pantserschepen. Op 31 december 1862, toen het schip voor de kust van North Carolina voer, stak er een storm op. Het schip was niet gebouwd om in zulke omstandigheden te varen en zonk, waarbij het 16 bemanningsleden meenam naar de bodem. (nl) 모니터호(USS Monitor)는 미국의 군함으로 남북전쟁 당시에 남군의 버지니아호와 대전후로 유명해진 북군의 장갑포함이다. 스웨덴 출신의 공학자 존 에릭슨이 만들었으며, 선체에 12cm의 강철판을 깔고 갑판에는 2.5cm의 강철판을 깔았다. 포탑에 12인치 포 2문이 설치되었고 포탑은 20cm의 강철판으로 둘러싸여 있었다. 남북 전쟁 당시인 1862년 3월 9일에 남군 군함 버지니아호(원래는 메리맥호)와 모니터와 메리맥 해전을 치렀다. 하지만 최초의 모니터호는 항해에 적합하지 않아 2번이나 침몰할 뻔했고 1862년 12월 31일 앞바다에서 침몰해 장교 4명과 사병 12명이 사망했다. 남북 전쟁 동안 북군은 모니터호를 개량한 배를 많이 만들었으며, 1890년대에는 각각 2개의 회전식 포탑을 탑재한 모니터함 6척이 만들어졌고 1902년과 1903년에 11인치의 포 2문을 설치한 4척의 모니터 함이 취역했다. 하지만 이 모니터함이 미국 역사의 마지막 모니터함이 되었고 제1차 세계대전 때 잠수함 보급선으로 이용되어 1922년에 해체되었다. 영국 해군도 1915년과 1916년에 15인치 포와 18인치 포를 탑재한 대형 모니터함을 개발했으며, 벨기에 해안, 다르다넬스 해협, 수에즈 운하와 에서 사용했다. 제2차 세계대전 때에는 영국 해군이 15인치 포 2문을 탑재한 모니터함을 만들었고 소련과 루마니아 해군도 선체가 작은 모니터함을 만들어 강에서 사용했다. (ko) USS Monitor – okręt United States Navy, pierwszy amerykański (drugi na świecie – po HMS „Trusty”) okręt z uzbrojeniem umieszczonym w obrotowej wieży artyleryjskiej. Od jego nazwy pochodzi nazwa całej klasy wywodzących się z jego konstrukcji jednostek – monitorów. (pl) USS Monitor var ett amerikanskt krigsfartyg konstruerat av John Ericsson. USS Monitor var ett av historiens första bepansrade, ångdrivna krigsfartyg och användes av nordsidan under det amerikanska inbördeskriget. (sv) «Монитор» (англ. Monitor «наблюдатель, контролёр») — первый броненосец ВМС США, знаменитый прежде всего своим участием в первой в истории морских сражении битве броненосцев: битве у Хэмптон Роудс 9 марта 1862 года в ходе Гражданской войны в США. «Монитор» стал основателем нового класса судов. (ru) O USS Monitor foi um navio de guerra encouraçado a vapor, comissionado pela Marinha dos Estados Unidos em 1861 e completado em 1862. A embarcação é mais famosa pela participação na primeira batalha entre navios encouraçados de guerra da história, na Batalha de Hampton Roads em 9 de março de 1862, em que o Monitor enfrentou o encouraçado CSS Virginia dos Estados Confederados da América. Além disso foi notada também por conter uma série de inovações, incluindo uma torre giratória, o que levou a mudanças futuras na construção naval. E foi o primeiro de uma longa linha de Classe Monitor de navios de guerra estadunidenses. O encouraçados eram apenas uma inovação recente, que começaram com as baterias flutuantes de encouraçados da Guerra da Crimeia, com o encouraçado francês La Gloire. Posteriormente os projetos de navios comuns e de guerra mudaram radicalmente. (pt) «Монітор» (англ. Monitor — спостерігач) — перший панцерник ВМС США, знаменитий перш за все своєю участю у першій в історії морській битві панцерників: битві у Гемптон-Роудс 9 березня 1862 року в ході Громадянської війни в США. «Монітор» став засновником нового класу кораблів. (uk)
dbo:builder dbr:Continental_Iron_Works dbr:Greenpoint,_Brooklyn
dbo:commissioningDate 1862-02-25 (xsd:date)
dbo:cost 275000.0 (dbd:usDollar)
dbo:layingDown 1861-10-25 (xsd:date)
dbo:length 54.559200 (xsd:double)
dbo:orderDate 1861-10-04 (xsd:date)
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dbo:shipBeam 12.496800 (xsd:double)
dbo:shipDraft 3.048000 (xsd:double)
dbo:shipLaunch 1862-01-30 (xsd:date)
dbo:status Wreck located 27 August 1973, partially salvaged Lost at sea during a storm, 31 December 1862 (offCape Hatteras,North Carolina)
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dbo:type dbr:Monitor_(warship)
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dbp:caption Location of the Monitor's sinking (en)
dbp:date 2004-10-22 (xsd:date) 2015-08-21 (xsd:date)
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rdfs:comment USS Monitor byla americká obrněná válečná paroloď převratné konstrukce postavená podle plánů švédského inženýra a vynálezce Johna Ericssona. Jako první loď tohoto typu dala USS Monitor jméno konstrukci válečných lodí — monitorům. (cs) Die USS Monitor war das erste Panzerschiff der US-Marine. Sie wurde während des Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieges ab 1861 von dem schwedischen Ingenieur John Ericsson in Brooklyn für die Marine der Nordstaaten gebaut und lief am 30. Januar 1862 vom Stapel. (de) Le cuirassé USS Monitor de 1862 est un navire de guerre de l’US Navy qui doit sa célébrité au fait qu'il est le premier à avoir participé à un combat de navires cuirassés, signant par là la fin de l'époque de la marine à voile. Sa courte carrière se déroule pendant la guerre de Sécession (1861 - 1865). (fr) モニター (USS Monitor) は、アメリカ合衆国海軍初の装甲艦。本艦は装甲艦同士で行われた初の海戦、1862年3月9日のハンプトン・ローズ海戦でアメリカ連合国海軍の装甲艦「バージニア」(CSS Virginia) と交戦したことで有名である。本艦はその後建造されていくモニター艦の基礎となった。 本艦が建造される以前の軍艦はほとんどが木造船であった。ハンプトン・ローズ海戦以後、軍艦の設計は鋼鉄の装甲を導入し劇的に変化していった。 (ja) De USS Monitor was een Amerikaans pantserschip. Op 9 maart 1862, toen de bemanning van de USS Monitor het schip ronddraaide en op de CSS Virginia vuurde in Hampton Roads, werd een nieuw tijdperk ingeluid, een tijdperk van pantserschepen. Op 31 december 1862, toen het schip voor de kust van North Carolina voer, stak er een storm op. Het schip was niet gebouwd om in zulke omstandigheden te varen en zonk, waarbij het 16 bemanningsleden meenam naar de bodem. (nl) USS Monitor – okręt United States Navy, pierwszy amerykański (drugi na świecie – po HMS „Trusty”) okręt z uzbrojeniem umieszczonym w obrotowej wieży artyleryjskiej. Od jego nazwy pochodzi nazwa całej klasy wywodzących się z jego konstrukcji jednostek – monitorów. (pl) USS Monitor var ett amerikanskt krigsfartyg konstruerat av John Ericsson. USS Monitor var ett av historiens första bepansrade, ångdrivna krigsfartyg och användes av nordsidan under det amerikanska inbördeskriget. (sv) «Монитор» (англ. Monitor «наблюдатель, контролёр») — первый броненосец ВМС США, знаменитый прежде всего своим участием в первой в истории морских сражении битве броненосцев: битве у Хэмптон Роудс 9 марта 1862 года в ходе Гражданской войны в США. «Монитор» стал основателем нового класса судов. (ru) «Монітор» (англ. Monitor — спостерігач) — перший панцерник ВМС США, знаменитий перш за все своєю участю у першій в історії морській битві панцерників: битві у Гемптон-Роудс 9 березня 1862 року в ході Громадянської війни в США. «Монітор» став засновником нового класу кораблів. (uk) El USS Monitor (30 de enero, 1862 - 31 de diciembre, 1862) fue el primer buque de guerra blindado puesto en servicio por la Armada de los Estados Unidos. Es famoso por participar en el primer enfrentamiento entre dos buques de guerra blindados, en la batalla de Hampton Roads, el 9 de marzo de 1862 durante la Guerra de Secesión, en la cual el Monitor se enfrentó con el buque blindado CSS Virginia de la Armada de los Estados Confederados. El USS Monitor fue el primero de una larga línea de buques de guerra de los EE. UU. de esta clase y el término “monitor” describe una amplia gama en el arte europeo en la defensa de puertos. (es) USS Monitor was an ironclad warship built for the Union Navy during the American Civil War and completed in early 1862, the first such ship commissioned by the Navy. Monitor played a central role in the Battle of Hampton Roads on 9 March under the command of Lieutenant John L. Worden, where she fought the casemate ironclad CSS Virginia (built on the hull of the scuttled steam frigate USS Merrimack) to a stalemate. The design of the ship was distinguished by its revolving turret, which was designed by American inventor Theodore Timby; it was quickly duplicated and established the monitor class and type of armored warship built for the American Navy over the next several decades. (en) L'USS Monitor fu un monitore dell'Union Navy. È famosa per la sua partecipazione alla prima battaglia tra due navi corazzate, la battaglia di Hampton Roads del 9 marzo 1862 durante la Guerra di secessione americana nella quale combatté contro la nave corazzata CSS Virginia della Confederate States Navy. (it) 모니터호(USS Monitor)는 미국의 군함으로 남북전쟁 당시에 남군의 버지니아호와 대전후로 유명해진 북군의 장갑포함이다. 스웨덴 출신의 공학자 존 에릭슨이 만들었으며, 선체에 12cm의 강철판을 깔고 갑판에는 2.5cm의 강철판을 깔았다. 포탑에 12인치 포 2문이 설치되었고 포탑은 20cm의 강철판으로 둘러싸여 있었다. 남북 전쟁 당시인 1862년 3월 9일에 남군 군함 버지니아호(원래는 메리맥호)와 모니터와 메리맥 해전을 치렀다. 하지만 최초의 모니터호는 항해에 적합하지 않아 2번이나 침몰할 뻔했고 1862년 12월 31일 앞바다에서 침몰해 장교 4명과 사병 12명이 사망했다. 남북 전쟁 동안 북군은 모니터호를 개량한 배를 많이 만들었으며, 1890년대에는 각각 2개의 회전식 포탑을 탑재한 모니터함 6척이 만들어졌고 1902년과 1903년에 11인치의 포 2문을 설치한 4척의 모니터 함이 취역했다. 제2차 세계대전 때에는 영국 해군이 15인치 포 2문을 탑재한 모니터함을 만들었고 소련과 루마니아 해군도 선체가 작은 모니터함을 만들어 강에서 사용했다. (ko) O USS Monitor foi um navio de guerra encouraçado a vapor, comissionado pela Marinha dos Estados Unidos em 1861 e completado em 1862. A embarcação é mais famosa pela participação na primeira batalha entre navios encouraçados de guerra da história, na Batalha de Hampton Roads em 9 de março de 1862, em que o Monitor enfrentou o encouraçado CSS Virginia dos Estados Confederados da América. Além disso foi notada também por conter uma série de inovações, incluindo uma torre giratória, o que levou a mudanças futuras na construção naval. E foi o primeiro de uma longa linha de Classe Monitor de navios de guerra estadunidenses. (pt)
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