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ويليام غيبس مكادو الابن (بالإنجليزية: William Gibbs McAdoo) (31 أكتوبر 1863-1 فبراير 1941)، محامي ورجل دولة أمريكي وقائد للحركة التقدمية، ولعب دورًا رئيسيًا في حكومة الرئيس وودرو ويلسون. مثّل ولاية كاليفورنيا في مجلس الشيوخ بالولايات المتحدة كعضو في الحزب الديمقراطي. وُلد مكادو في ماريتا في ولاية جورجيا، وانتقل إلى نوكسفيل بولاية تينيسي في شبابه وتخرج من جامعة تينيسي. بدأ الممارسة القانونية في تشاتانوغا بولاية تينيسي قبل الانتقال إلى مدينة نيويورك في عام 1892. اكتسب سمعة سيئة كرئيس لشركة هدسون ومانهاتن للسكك الحديدية، وعمل نائبًا لرئيس اللجنة الوطنية الديمقراطية. شارك مكادو في حملة ويلسون الرئاسية الناجحة لعام 1921، وشغل منصب وزير خزانة الولايات المتحدة بين عامي 1913 و1918. تزوج من إليانور، ابنة الرئيس وودرو ويلسون، في عام 1914. ترأس مكادو إنشاء نظام الاحتياطي الفيدرالي وساعد في منع حدوث أزمة اقتصادية بعد اندلاع الحرب العالمية الأولى. شغل مكادو أيضًا منصب المدير العام لخطوط السكك الحديدية بعد أن دخلت الولايات المتحدة الحرب. ترك مكادو حكومة ويلسون في عام 1919 بالكامل، وشارك في تأسيس شركة مكادو وكوتّون وفرانكلين للمحاماة. سعى مكادو إلى الحصول على ترشيح الحزب الديمقراطي للرئاسة في المؤتمر الوطني الديمقراطي لعام 1920، لكن زوج أمه، وودرو ويلسون، منعه عن ذلك. ترك مكادو شركة المحاماة وانتقل إلى كاليفورنيا في عام 1922. سعى إلى الحصول على ترشيح الحزب الديمقراطي للرئاسة مرة أخرى في عام 1924، لكن المؤتمر الوطني الديمقراطي لعام 1924 رشح جون دبليو. ديفيز بدلًا منه. انتُخب لعضوية مجلس الشيوخ في عام 1932 لكنه هُزم في محاولته باستلام ولاية ثانية. توفي مكادو بأزمة قلبية في عام 1941 أثناء سفره إلى حفل تنصيب فرانكلين روزفلت الثالث. (ar) William Gibbs McAdoo (* 31. Oktober 1863 in Marietta, Georgia; † 1. Februar 1941 in Washington, D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer demokratischer Politiker, Senator und Finanzminister. (de) William Gibbs McAdoo, né le 31 octobre 1863 à Marietta (Géorgie) et mort le 1er février 1941 à Washington (district de Columbia), est un avocat et homme politique américain. Membre du Parti démocrate, il est secrétaire du Trésor entre 1913 et 1918 dans l'administration du président Woodrow Wilson dont il a épousé la fille cadette Eleanor, puis sénateur de Californie entre 1933 et 1938. Soutenu par le Ku Klux Klan, il est le candidat malheureux à la primaire démocrate pour l'élection présidentielle de 1924 face au gouverneur de l'État de New York Alfred E. Smith honni par le Klan car catholique romain et irlando-américain. (fr) William Gibbs McAdoo Jr. /ˈmækəˌduː/ (October 31, 1863 – February 1, 1941) was an American lawyer and statesman. McAdoo was a leader of the Progressive movement and played a major role in the administration of his father-in-law President Woodrow Wilson. A member of the Democratic Party, he also represented California in the United States Senate. Born in Marietta, Georgia, McAdoo moved to Knoxville, Tennessee in his youth and graduated from the University of Tennessee. He established a legal practice in Chattanooga, Tennessee before moving to New York City in 1892. He gained fame as the president of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company and served as the vice chairman of the Democratic National Committee. McAdoo worked on Wilson's successful 1912 presidential campaign and served as the United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1913 to 1918. He married Wilson's daughter, Eleanor, in 1914. McAdoo presided over the establishment of the Federal Reserve System and helped prevent an economic crisis after the outbreak of World War I. After the U.S. entered the war, McAdoo also served as the Director General of Railroads. McAdoo left Wilson's Cabinet in 1919, co-founding the law firm of McAdoo, Cotton & Franklin. McAdoo sought the Democratic presidential nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention but was opposed by his father-in-law, President Woodrow Wilson, who hoped to be nominated for a third term. In 1922, McAdoo left his law firm and moved to California. He sought the Democratic presidential nomination again in 1924, but the 1924 Democratic National Convention nominated John W. Davis. He was elected to the Senate in 1932 but was defeated in his bid for a second term. McAdoo died of a heart attack in 1941 while traveling from the third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. (en) William Gibbs McAdoo (Marietta, 31 ottobre 1863 – Washington, 1º febbraio 1941) è stato un avvocato e politico statunitense, segretario al tesoro degli Stati Uniti d'America e senatore. (it) 윌리엄 깁스 매커두(William Gibbs McAdoo, 1863년 10월 31일 ~ 1941년 2월 1일)는 미국의 변호사이자 정치인이었다. 우드로 윌슨 대통령의 행정부에서 진보 시대의 지도자로 주요 역할을 하였다. 민주당 소속으로 46대 재무 장관 (1913년 ~ 1918년)을 지내고, 미국 상원에서 캘리포니아주를 대표하였다. (ko) ウィリアム・ギブス・マカドゥー・ジュニア（英語: William Gibbs McAdoo, Jr., 1863年10月31日 - 1941年2月1日）は、アメリカ合衆国の政治家。アメリカ合衆国上院議員として活躍し、アメリカ合衆国財務長官とアメリカ合衆国鉄道管理局長官を務めた。 (ja) William Gibbs McAdoo, Jr. (ur. 31 października 1863 w Marietcie w stanie Georgia, zm. 1 lutego 1941 w Waszyngtonie) – amerykański polityk, działacz Partii Demokratycznej, prawnik, zięć Woodrowa Wilsona, bratanek generała Skonfederowanych Stanów Ameryki . Pełnił funkcję wiceprzewodniczącego Krajowego Komitetu Partii Demokratycznej (1912). W latach 1913–1918 sprawował urząd sekretarza skarbu. Od 4 marca 1933 do 8 listopada 1938 był senatorem 3. klasy z Kalifornii. Bezskutecznie ubiegał się o nominację swojej partii w wyborach prezydenckich w 1920 i 1924. Był trzykrotnie żonaty i miał dziewięcioro dzieci. Został pochowany na Cmentarzu Narodowym w Arlington. (pl) William Gibbs McAdoo Jr. (31 de outubro de 1863 - 1 de fevereiro de 1941) foi um advogado e estadista norte-americano. McAdoo foi um líder do movimento progressista e desempenhou um papel importante na administração de seu sogro, o presidente Woodrow Wilson. Membro do Partido Democrata, ele também representou a Califórnia no Senado dos Estados Unidos. (pt) William Gibbs McAdoo, född 31 oktober 1863 i Marietta, Georgia, död 1 februari 1941 i Washington, D.C., var en amerikansk demokratisk politiker. McAdoo föddes i Georgia och flyttade 1877 till Knoxville när fadern blev professor vid University of Tennessee. Han inledde sin karriär som advokat i Tennessee och flyttade sedan till New York, var han tillsammans med Francis R. Pemberton grundade finansföretaget Pemberton & McAdoo. Kring sekelskiftet 1900 tog han på sig projektet att bygga en järnvägstunnel från Manhattan till New Jersey. I presskonferensen, när tunneln 1908 öppnades, berättade McAdoo i egenskap av verkställande direktör för Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Company att hans motto var Let the Public be Pleased. McAdoos första hustru avled 1912. Han blev utnämnd till USA:s finansminister 1913 och gifte sig 1914 i Vita huset med Woodrow Wilsons dotter Eleanor Randolph Wilson. Han var finansminister under en svår ekonomisk krisperiod förorsakad av första världskrigets utbrott. McAdoo stängde New York Stock Exchange för hela fyra månader för att klara av krisen. När USA 1917 gick med i kriget, grundades järnvägsstyrelsen för att klara av transportsystemet under krigstiden. McAdoo lämnade finansdepartementet för att bli chef för järnvägsstyrelsen, en befattning som han hade till november 1919. McAdoo var en av kandidaterna när demokraterna valde presidentkandidat 1920 och 1924. Första gången förlorade han mot James Cox och andra gången mot John W. Davis, trots att han båda gångerna ledde i den första omröstningen på partimötet. Han var ledamot av USA:s senat från Kalifornien 1933-1938. Han och Eleanor skilde sig 1934. McAdoo gifte om sig med Doris Isabel Cross året därpå. (sv) Уильям Гиббс Мак-Эду (англ. William Gibbs McAdoo; 31 октября 1863[…], Мариетта, Джорджия — 1 февраля 1941[…], Вашингтон) — 46-й министр финансов США в 1913—1918 годах. (ru) 小威廉·吉布斯·麦卡杜（英語：William Gibbs McAdoo Jr.，/ˈmækəˌduː/；1863年10月31日－1941年2月1日）是一名美國律師和政治人物。麥卡杜是進步運動的領導者，在其岳父伍德羅·威爾遜總統的管理中發揮了重要作用。作為民主黨成員，他也曾任加利福尼亞州美國參議員。 麥卡杜出生於喬治亞州瑪麗埃塔，年輕時搬到田納西州諾克斯維爾，並畢業於田納西大學。他在田納西州查塔努加建立法律事務所，之後於1892年搬到紐約市。他作為哈德遜和曼哈頓鐵路公司的總裁而聲名鵲起，並擔任民主黨全國委員會的副主席。麥卡杜為威爾遜的1912年美國總統選舉工作獲得成功，並在1913年至1918年擔任美國財政部長。他於1914年與威爾遜的女兒愛蓮娜結婚。麥卡杜主持了聯邦儲備系統的建立，並幫助防止第一次世界大戰爆發後的經濟危機。美國參戰後，麥卡杜還擔任。1919年，麥卡杜離開威爾遜的內閣，共同創立律師事務所。 麥卡杜在上尋求民主黨總統提名，但遭到其岳父伍德羅·威爾遜總統的反對，後者希望獲得第三任期的提名。1922年，麥卡杜離開他的律師事務所，並搬到加利福尼亞州。他在1924年再次尋求民主黨總統提名，但提名了約翰·威廉·戴維斯。他於1932年當選為參議員，但在競選第二個任期時被擊敗。1941年，麥卡杜在參加的途中因心臟病發作而去世。 (zh) |
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William Gibbs McAdoo (* 31. Oktober 1863 in Marietta, Georgia; † 1. Februar 1941 in Washington, D.C.) war ein US-amerikanischer demokratischer Politiker, Senator und Finanzminister. (de) William Gibbs McAdoo (Marietta, 31 ottobre 1863 – Washington, 1º febbraio 1941) è stato un avvocato e politico statunitense, segretario al tesoro degli Stati Uniti d'America e senatore. (it) 윌리엄 깁스 매커두(William Gibbs McAdoo, 1863년 10월 31일 ~ 1941년 2월 1일)는 미국의 변호사이자 정치인이었다. 우드로 윌슨 대통령의 행정부에서 진보 시대의 지도자로 주요 역할을 하였다. 민주당 소속으로 46대 재무 장관 (1913년 ~ 1918년)을 지내고, 미국 상원에서 캘리포니아주를 대표하였다. (ko) ウィリアム・ギブス・マカドゥー・ジュニア（英語: William Gibbs McAdoo, Jr., 1863年10月31日 - 1941年2月1日）は、アメリカ合衆国の政治家。アメリカ合衆国上院議員として活躍し、アメリカ合衆国財務長官とアメリカ合衆国鉄道管理局長官を務めた。 (ja) William Gibbs McAdoo Jr. (31 de outubro de 1863 - 1 de fevereiro de 1941) foi um advogado e estadista norte-americano. McAdoo foi um líder do movimento progressista e desempenhou um papel importante na administração de seu sogro, o presidente Woodrow Wilson. Membro do Partido Democrata, ele também representou a Califórnia no Senado dos Estados Unidos. (pt) Уильям Гиббс Мак-Эду (англ. William Gibbs McAdoo; 31 октября 1863[…], Мариетта, Джорджия — 1 февраля 1941[…], Вашингтон) — 46-й министр финансов США в 1913—1918 годах. (ru) 小威廉·吉布斯·麦卡杜（英語：William Gibbs McAdoo Jr.，/ˈmækəˌduː/；1863年10月31日－1941年2月1日）是一名美國律師和政治人物。麥卡杜是進步運動的領導者，在其岳父伍德羅·威爾遜總統的管理中發揮了重要作用。作為民主黨成員，他也曾任加利福尼亞州美國參議員。 麥卡杜出生於喬治亞州瑪麗埃塔，年輕時搬到田納西州諾克斯維爾，並畢業於田納西大學。他在田納西州查塔努加建立法律事務所，之後於1892年搬到紐約市。他作為哈德遜和曼哈頓鐵路公司的總裁而聲名鵲起，並擔任民主黨全國委員會的副主席。麥卡杜為威爾遜的1912年美國總統選舉工作獲得成功，並在1913年至1918年擔任美國財政部長。他於1914年與威爾遜的女兒愛蓮娜結婚。麥卡杜主持了聯邦儲備系統的建立，並幫助防止第一次世界大戰爆發後的經濟危機。美國參戰後，麥卡杜還擔任。1919年，麥卡杜離開威爾遜的內閣，共同創立律師事務所。 麥卡杜在上尋求民主黨總統提名，但遭到其岳父伍德羅·威爾遜總統的反對，後者希望獲得第三任期的提名。1922年，麥卡杜離開他的律師事務所，並搬到加利福尼亞州。他在1924年再次尋求民主黨總統提名，但提名了約翰·威廉·戴維斯。他於1932年當選為參議員，但在競選第二個任期時被擊敗。1941年，麥卡杜在參加的途中因心臟病發作而去世。 (zh) ويليام غيبس مكادو الابن (بالإنجليزية: William Gibbs McAdoo) (31 أكتوبر 1863-1 فبراير 1941)، محامي ورجل دولة أمريكي وقائد للحركة التقدمية، ولعب دورًا رئيسيًا في حكومة الرئيس وودرو ويلسون. مثّل ولاية كاليفورنيا في مجلس الشيوخ بالولايات المتحدة كعضو في الحزب الديمقراطي. (ar) William Gibbs McAdoo, né le 31 octobre 1863 à Marietta (Géorgie) et mort le 1er février 1941 à Washington (district de Columbia), est un avocat et homme politique américain. Membre du Parti démocrate, il est secrétaire du Trésor entre 1913 et 1918 dans l'administration du président Woodrow Wilson dont il a épousé la fille cadette Eleanor, puis sénateur de Californie entre 1933 et 1938. (fr) William Gibbs McAdoo Jr. /ˈmækəˌduː/ (October 31, 1863 – February 1, 1941) was an American lawyer and statesman. McAdoo was a leader of the Progressive movement and played a major role in the administration of his father-in-law President Woodrow Wilson. A member of the Democratic Party, he also represented California in the United States Senate. (en) William Gibbs McAdoo, Jr. (ur. 31 października 1863 w Marietcie w stanie Georgia, zm. 1 lutego 1941 w Waszyngtonie) – amerykański polityk, działacz Partii Demokratycznej, prawnik, zięć Woodrowa Wilsona, bratanek generała Skonfederowanych Stanów Ameryki . Pełnił funkcję wiceprzewodniczącego Krajowego Komitetu Partii Demokratycznej (1912). W latach 1913–1918 sprawował urząd sekretarza skarbu. Od 4 marca 1933 do 8 listopada 1938 był senatorem 3. klasy z Kalifornii. Bezskutecznie ubiegał się o nominację swojej partii w wyborach prezydenckich w 1920 i 1924. (pl) William Gibbs McAdoo, född 31 oktober 1863 i Marietta, Georgia, död 1 februari 1941 i Washington, D.C., var en amerikansk demokratisk politiker. McAdoo föddes i Georgia och flyttade 1877 till Knoxville när fadern blev professor vid University of Tennessee. Han inledde sin karriär som advokat i Tennessee och flyttade sedan till New York, var han tillsammans med Francis R. Pemberton grundade finansföretaget Pemberton & McAdoo. Han var ledamot av USA:s senat från Kalifornien 1933-1938. Han och Eleanor skilde sig 1934. McAdoo gifte om sig med Doris Isabel Cross året därpå. (sv) |
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William Gibbs McAdoo (en) ويليام غيبس مكادو (ar) William Gibbs McAdoo (de) William Gibbs McAdoo (fr) William Gibbs McAdoo (it) ウィリアム・マカドゥー (ja) 윌리엄 깁스 매커두 (ko) William Gibbs McAdoo (pl) William Gibbs McAdoo (pt) William Gibbs McAdoo (sv) Макэду, Уильям (ru) 威廉·吉布斯·麦卡杜 (zh) |
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