Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture (original) (raw)

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Acknowledgements

A full list of acknowledgments appears in the Supplementary Note. Funding was provided by the Aarno Koskelo Foundation; the Academy of Finland; the Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore; the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council; the Australian Research Council; BDA Research; the BioSHaRE Consortium; the British Heart Foundation; the Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors' Chair in Medical Genetics; the Centre for Clinical Research at the University of Leipzig; the Centre of Excellence in Genomics and the University of Tartu; the Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish government; the City of Kuopio and the Social Insurance Institution of Finland; the Department of Educational Assistance, the University and Research of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano; the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation; the Dutch Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports; the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Dutch BBRMI-NL; the Dutch Brain Foundation; the Dutch Centre for Medical Systems Biology; the Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation; the Dutch Government Economic Structure–Enhancing Fund; the Dutch Inter-University Cardiology Institute; the Dutch Kidney Foundation; the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs; the Dutch Ministry of Justice; the Dutch Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly; Eleanor Nichols endowments; the Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University; the Estonian government; the European Commission; the European Regional Development Fund; the European Research Council; the European Science Foundation; the Faculty of Biology and Medicine of Lausanne; Finland's Slot Machine Association; the Finnish Cultural Foundation; the Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation; the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research; the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation; the Finnish Heart Association; the Finnish Medical Society; the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture; the Finnish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs; the Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare; the Finnish Social Insurance Institution; Finska Läkaresällskapet; the Folkhälsan Research Foundation; the Foundation for Life and Health in Finland; the French Ministry of Research; the French National Research Agency; the Genetic Association Information Network; the German Diabetes Association; the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; the German Ministry of Cultural Affairs; the German National Genome Research Network; the German Research Foundation; GlaxoSmithKline; the Göteborg Medical Society; the Greek General Secretary of Research and Technology; the Gyllenberg Foundation; Health Care Centers in Vasa, Närpes and Korsholm; the Heinz Nixdorf Foundation; Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health; the Icelandic Heart Association; the Icelandic Parliament; the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, the National Cancer Institute, NIH; Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research; Italian Ministry of Health; Juho Vainio Foundation; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International; the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospital Medical Funds; the Leducq Foundation; the Lundberg Foundation; the March of Dimes; the Munich Center of Health Sciences as part of LMUinnovativ; the Municipal Health Care Center and Hospital in Jakobstad; the Municipality of Rotterdam; the Närpes Health Care Foundation; National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression Young Investigator Awards; the Netherlands Genomics Initiative; the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; UK NHSBT; US National Institutes of Health; the Nordic Center of Cardiovascular Research; the Nordic Center of Excellence in Disease Genetics; the Nordic Centre of Excellence on Systems Biology in Controlled Dietary Interventions and Cohort Studies; the Northern Netherlands Collaboration of Provinces; the Novo Nordisk Foundation; the Ollqvist Foundation; the Orion-Farmos Research Foundation; the Paavo Nurmi Foundation; the Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation; the Perklen Foundation; the Petrus and Augusta Hedlunds Foundation; the Province of Groningen; the Republic of Croatia Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; the Reynold's Foundation; the Royal Society; Samfundet Folkhälsan; the Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; the Sigrid Juselius Foundation; the Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg–West Pomerania; the Sophia Foundation for Medical Research; the South Tyrolean Sparkasse Foundation; the Southern California Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center; the Stockholm County Council; the Strategic Cardiovascular Program of Karolinska Institutet; Strategic Support for Epidemiological Research at Karolinska Institutet; the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation; the Swedish Ministry for Higher Education; the Swedish Cancer Society; the Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland; the Swedish Diabetes Association; the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation; the Swedish Medical Research Council; the Swedish Ministry of Education; the Swedish Research Council; the Swedish Royal Academy of Science; the Swedish Society for Medical Research; the Swedish Society of Medicine; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; The Great Wine Estates of the Margaret River Region of Western Australia; The Paul Michael Donovan Charitable Foundation; the Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg Foundation; Cancer Research UK; the UK Diabetes Association; the UK Heart Foundation; the UK MRC; the UK NIHR, Biomedical Research Centre; UK West Anglia Primary and Community Care; the University Medical Center Groningen and the University of Groningen; the Västra Götaland Foundation; VU University: the Institute for Health and Care Research and the Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam; the Wellcome Trust; and the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation.

Author information

Author notes

1. Sonja I Berndt, Stefan Gustafsson, Reedik Mägi and Andrea Ganna: These authors contributed equally to this work.
2. Mark I McCarthy, Elizabeth K Speliotes, Kari E North and Ruth J F Loos: These authors jointly directed this work.

Authors and Affiliations

1. US Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
   Sonja I Berndt, Jianxin Shi, Kevin B Jacobs, Zhaoming Wang & Stephen J Chanock
2. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
   Stefan Gustafsson & Erik Ingelsson
3. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
   Stefan Gustafsson, Andrea Ganna, Tove Fall, Henrik Grönberg, Per Hall, Patrik K Magnusson, Nancy Pedersen, Yudi Pawitan & Erik Ingelsson
4. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
   Reedik Mägi, Teresa Ferreira, Joshua C Randall, Josine L Min, Inga Prokopenko, Cecilia M Lindgren, Andrew P Morris, Mark I McCarthy & Erik Ingelsson
5. Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
   Reedik Mägi, Tõnu Esko, Krista Fischer, Markus Perola, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani & Andres Metspalu
6. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
   Eleanor Wheeler, Joshua C Randall, Stavroula Kanoni, Sarah Edkins, Sarah E Hunt, Aarno Palotie, Aparna Radhakrishnan, So-Youn Shin, Nicole Soranzo, Kathleen Stirrups, Willem H Ouwehand, Samuli Ripatti, Inês Barroso & Panos Deloukas
7. Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
   Mary F Feitosa, Aldi T Kraja, Michael A Province & Ingrid B Borecki
8. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
   Anne E Justice, Keri L Monda & Kari E North
9. Center for Observational Research, Amgen, Thousands Oaks, California, USA
   Keri L Monda
10. Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
    Damien C Croteau-Chonka & Karen L Mohlke
11. Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
    Felix R Day, Jian'an Luan, Jing Hua Zhao, Claudia Langenberg, Ken K Ong, Nicholas J Wareham & Ruth J F Loos
12. Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
    Tõnu Esko, Evelin Mihailov & Andres Metspalu
13. Molecular Biology Department, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
    Davide Gentilini & Anna Maria Di Blasio
14. Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
    Anne U Jackson, Jennifer L Bragg-Gresham, Goncalo R Abecasis & Michael Boehnke
15. Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Sailaja Vedantam & Joel N Hirschhorn
16. Metabolism Initiative and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    Sailaja Vedantam, Sekar Kathiresan & Joel N Hirschhorn
17. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Sailaja Vedantam & Joel N Hirschhorn
18. Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
    Cristen J Willer
19. Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
    Cristen J Willer
20. Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
    Cristen J Willer & Elizabeth K Speliotes
21. Public Health and Gender Studies, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
    Thomas W Winkler & Iris M Heid
22. Genetics of Complex Traits, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
    Andrew R Wood, Timothy Frayling & Erik Ingelsson
23. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Frank B Hu, Paul W Franks, Lu Qi & David Hunter
24. Department of Medicine, Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Lu Qi & David Hunter
25. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    Yi-Juan Hu
26. The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
    Sang Hong Lee & Peter M Visscher
27. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Liming Liang
28. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Liming Liang
29. Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
    Dan-Yu Lin
30. Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Benjamin M Neale
31. deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
    Gudmar Thorleifsson, Kari Stefansson, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir & Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
32. University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
    Jian Yang & Peter M Visscher
33. Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
    Jian Yang, Sarah E Medland, Grant W Montgomery & Nicholas G Martin
34. Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
    Eva Albrecht, Martina Müller-Nurasyid & Christian Gieger
35. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
    Najaf Amin, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Marjolein J Peters, Karol Estrada, Fernando Rivadeneira, Joyce B J van Meurs, Jacqueline C M Witteman, Albert Hofman, André G Uitterlinden & Cornelia M van Duijn
36. Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics Platform, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Gemma Cadby & Lyle J Palmer
37. Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Gemma Cadby & Lyle J Palmer
38. Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
    Gemma Cadby
39. Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Martin den Heijer
40. Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Unit of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
    Niina Eklund, Kati Kristiansson, Markus Perola & Ida Surakka
41. Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
    Anuj Goel, Martin Farrall, Samuli Ripatti & Hugh Watkins
42. Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Gonneke Willemsen & Dorret I Boomsma
43. MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
    Jennifer E Huffman, Caroline Hayward, Veronique Vitart & Alan F Wright
44. Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
    Ivonne Jarick
45. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
    Åsa Johansson & Ulf Gyllensten
46. Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
    Åsa Johansson
47. Genome Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
    Toby Johnson, Patricia B Munroe & Mark J Caulfield
48. Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
    Toby Johnson, Patricia B Munroe & Mark J Caulfield
49. Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study, Freiburg, Germany
    Marcus E Kleber
50. Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
    Marcus E Kleber & Winfried März
51. Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik, Universität zu Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
    Inke R König & Michael Preuss
52. Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
    Zoltán Kutalik & Diana Marek
53. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
    Zoltán Kutalik & Diana Marek
54. Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
    Claudia Lamina
55. University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
    Cecile Lecoeur, Boris Skrobek, Philippe Froguel & David Meyre
56. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8199, Institut de Biologie de Lille (IBL)–Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
    Cecile Lecoeur, Boris Skrobek, Philippe Froguel & David Meyre
57. Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
    Guo Li & Bruce M Psaty
58. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
    Massimo Mangino, Nicole Soranzo & Timothy D Spector
59. School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
    Wendy L McArdle
60. Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
    Carolina Medina-Gomez, Marjolein J Peters, Karol Estrada, Fernando Rivadeneira, Joyce B J van Meurs, M Carola Zillikens & André G Uitterlinden
61. Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), The Netherlands
    Carolina Medina-Gomez, Marjolein J Peters, Karol Estrada, Ben A Oostra, Fernando Rivadeneira, Joyce B J van Meurs, Jacqueline C M Witteman, M Carola Zillikens, Albert Hofman, André G Uitterlinden & Cornelia M van Duijn
62. Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
    Martina Müller-Nurasyid
63. Chair of Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
    Martina Müller-Nurasyid & H-Erich Wichmann
64. Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
    Martina Müller-Nurasyid
65. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Julius S Ngwa & L Adrienne Cupples
66. Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
    Ilja M Nolte, Ronald P Stolk & Harold Snieder
67. MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
    Lavinia Paternoster & David M Evans
68. Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
    Sonali Pechlivanis, Carolin Pütter, Karl-Heinz Jöckel & André Scherag
69. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    Markus Perola, Ida Surakka, Aarno Palotie, Elisabeth Widén & Samuli Ripatti
70. Medizinische Klinik II, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
    Michael Preuss & Jeanette Erdmann
71. Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Lynda M Rose, Daniel I Chasman & Paul M Ridker
72. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
    Dmitry Shungin & Paul W Franks
73. Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
    Dmitry Shungin & Paul W Franks
74. Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
    Dmitry Shungin
75. Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
    Albert Vernon Smith & Vilmundur Gudnason
76. Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
    Albert Vernon Smith, Vilmundur Gudnason, Kari Stefansson & Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
77. Department of Medicine, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
    Rona J Strawbridge & Anders Hamsten
78. Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
    Alexander Teumer & Georg Homuth
79. Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Mieke D Trip, Hanneke Basart & Kees G Hovingh
80. Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Failure Research Centre, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    Mieke D Trip
81. Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Jonathan Tyrer
82. Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
    Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Melanie M Van der Klauw & Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
83. LifeLines Cohort Study, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
    Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Marcel Bruinenberg, Lude Franke, Ronald P Stolk, Melanie M Van der Klauw, Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel & Harold Snieder
84. Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
    Liesbeth Vandenput & Mattias Lorentzon
85. Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
    Lindsay L Waite, Devin Absher & Claes Ohlsson
86. Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
    Folkert W Asselbergs
87. Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
    Mustafa Atalay & Timo A Lakka
88. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
    Antony P Attwood, Augusto Rendon & Willem H Ouwehand
89. Division of Epidemiology, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics (LIGHT), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
    Anthony J Balmforth
90. Department of Molecular Genetics, PathWest Laboratory of Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    John Beilby
91. Department of Surgery and Pathology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
    John Beilby
92. Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
    Lori L Bonnycastle, Peter S Chines, Francis S Collins, Narisu Narisu & Amy J Swift
93. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale. Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
    Paolo Brambilla
94. Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Harry Campbell, Igor Rudan, Sarah H Wild & James F Wilson
95. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    Daniel I Chasman & Paul M Ridker
96. British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
    John M Connell
97. University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
    John M Connell
98. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
    William O Cookson & Miriam F Moffatt
99. Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
    Ulf de Faire
100. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
     Femmie de Vegt, Sita H Vermeulen & Lambertus A Kiemeney
101. Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
     Mariano Dei & Serena Sanna
102. Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
     Maria Dimitriou, Eirini V Theodoraki & George V Dedoussis
103. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Research Center, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
     Marco M Ferrario
104. Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil Hospital, Toulouse, France
     Jean Ferrières
105. Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
     Lude Franke & Pim van der Harst
106. Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy
     Francesca Frau & Daniele Cusi
107. University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
     Pablo V Gejman & Alan R Sanders
108. Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
     Pablo V Gejman & Alan R Sanders
109. Research Unit for Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
     Harald Grallert, Annette Peters & Thomas Illig
110. Division of Cardiovascular and Neuronal Remodelling, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, LIGHT, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
     Alistair S Hall
111. Department of Clinical Sciences/Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
     Anna-Liisa Hartikainen & Anneli Pouta
112. Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
     Nancy L Heard-Costa
113. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
     Andrew C Heath & Pamela A Madden
114. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
     Johannes Hebebrand & Anke Hinney
115. Centre For Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
     Elina Hyppönen & Chris Power
116. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
     Carlos Iribarren
117. Core Genotyping Facility, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
     Kevin B Jacobs & Zhaoming Wang
118. Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
     John-Olov Jansson
119. Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Population Studies Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
     Antti Jula
120. Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
     Mika Kähönen
121. Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
     Sekar Kathiresan
122. Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
     Sekar Kathiresan
123. Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
     Sekar Kathiresan
124. UK Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) Centre of Excellence for Public Health (Northern Ireland), Queens University, Belfast, UK
     Frank Kee
125. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
     Kay-Tee Khaw
126. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
     Mika Kivimäki, Meena Kumari, Claudia Langenberg & Aroon Hingorani
127. Department of Internal Medicine II–Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
     Wolfgang Koenig
128. Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
     Kari Kuulasmaa, Jarmo Virtamo & Veikko Salomaa
129. Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
     Johanna Kuusisto & Markku Laakso
130. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland
     Jaana H Laitinen
131. Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
     Timo A Lakka & Rainer Rauramaa
132. Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, Biometry, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
     Lenore J Launer & Tamara B Harris
133. Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden
     Lars Lind
134. Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
     Jaana Lindström & Jaakko Tuomilehto
135. Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
     Jianjun Liu
136. Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania, Italy
     Antonio Liuzzi
137. Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
     Marja-Liisa Lokki
138. Chair of Nephrology San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Unit Ospedaliera Nephrology and Dialysis, Milan, Italy
     Paolo Manunta
139. Synlab Academy, Mannheim, Germany
     Winfried März
140. Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
     Irene Mateo Leach & Pim van der Harst
141. Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
     Barbara McKnight
142. Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
     Vincent Mooser
143. Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
     Thomas W Mühleisen
144. Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
     Thomas W Mühleisen
145. School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
     Arthur W Musk
146. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
     Arthur W Musk
147. Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
     Arthur W Musk
148. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
     Gerjan Navis
149. MRC Harwell, Harwell, UK
     George Nicholson
150. Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
     George Nicholson
151. Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
     Ellen A Nohr
152. MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing, London, UK
     Ken K Ong, Andrew Wong & Diana Kuh
153. Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
     Ben A Oostra
154. Center of Medical Systems Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
     Ben A Oostra & Cornelia M van Duijn
155. Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
     Colin N A Palmer & Andrew D Morris
156. Illumina, Inc., Cambridge, UK
     John F Peden
157. Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
     Annette Peters & Barbara Thorand
158. Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
     Annette Peters
159. Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
     Ozren Polasek
160. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
     Anneli Pouta & Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
161. Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano/Bozen, Italy (affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck).,
     Peter P Pramstaller & Andrew A Hicks
162. Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, Italy
     Peter P Pramstaller
163. Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
     Peter P Pramstaller
164. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
     Inga Prokopenko, Fredrik Karpe & Mark I McCarthy
165. Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
     Aparna Radhakrishnan, Augusto Rendon, Jennifer G Sambrook, Jonathan C Stephens & Willem H Ouwehand
166. National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
     Aparna Radhakrishnan, Augusto Rendon, Jennifer G Sambrook, Jonathan C Stephens & Willem H Ouwehand
167. Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
     Olli Raitakari
168. The Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
     Olli Raitakari
169. MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, UK
     Augusto Rendon
170. Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland
     Timo E Saaristo
171. Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
     Timo E Saaristo
172. South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland
     Jouko Saramies
173. Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
     Sabine Schipf
174. Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
     Stefan Schreiber
175. Deutsches Herzzentrum München and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
     Heribert Schunkert & Jeanette Erdmann
176. Azienda Ospedaliera di Desio e Vimercate, Milan, Italy
     Stefano Signorini
177. Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Laboratory, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
     Juha Sinisalo & Markku S Nieminen
178. University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
     Alena Stančáková
179. Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
     Klaus Stark & Christian Hengstenberg
180. Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
     Michael Stumvoll & Anke Tönjes
181. Integrierte Forschungs- und Behandlungszentren (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
     Michael Stumvoll & Anke Tönjes
182. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique (UMRS) 937, Institute of Cardiometabolism And Nutrition (ICAN), Pierre et Marie Curie Medical School, Paris, France
     David-Alexandre Tregouet
183. Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
     Elena Tremoli
184. Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
     Sita H Vermeulen
185. Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
     Jorma Viikari
186. Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
     Gérard Waeber & Peter Vollenweider
187. Cardiology Group, Frankfurt-Sachsenhausen, Germany
     Bernhard R Winkelmann
188. Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM U744, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
     Philippe Amouyel
189. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
     Bernhard O Boehm
190. Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
     Eric Boerwinkle
191. Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
     Eric Boerwinkle
192. Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
     Daniele Cusi
193. Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
     Johan G Eriksson
194. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
     Johan G Eriksson
195. Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
     Johan G Eriksson
196. Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
     Philippe Froguel
197. Department of Public Health and General Practice, Helseundersøkelsen i Nord-Trøndelag (HUNT) Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
     Kristian Hveem
198. Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
     Thomas Illig
199. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
     Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
200. Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
     Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
201. Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
     Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin & Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
202. Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
     Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
203. Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
     Lambertus A Kiemeney
204. Comprehensive Cancer Center East, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
     Lambertus A Kiemeney
205. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
     Terho Lehtimäki
206. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
     Douglas F Levinson
207. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
     Inger Njølstad
208. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
     Inger Njølstad
209. Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
     Albertine J Oldehinkel
210. Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
     Brenda Penninx
211. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
     Bruce M Psaty
212. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
     Bruce M Psaty
213. Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
     Bruce M Psaty
214. Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
     Bruce M Psaty
215. Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
     Rainer Rauramaa
216. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
     Nilesh J Samani
217. Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
     Nilesh J Samani
218. Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
     Thorkild I A Sørensen
219. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
     Thorkild I A Sørensen
220. Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Krems, Austria
     Jaakko Tuomilehto
221. King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
     Jaakko Tuomilehto
222. Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
     Matti Uusitupa
223. Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
     Matti Uusitupa
224. Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
     Henri Wallaschofski
225. Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
     H-Erich Wichmann & Iris M Heid
226. Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
     H-Erich Wichmann
227. Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
     Themistocles L Assimes
228. University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
     Inês Barroso
229. Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
     Caroline S Fox
230. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
     Leif C Groop
231. Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
     Talin Haritunian
232. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
     Robert C Kaplan
233. Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
     Fredrik Karpe & Mark I McCarthy
234. Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
     Jeffrey R O'Connell
235. Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
     Eric E Schadt
236. Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
     Eric E Schadt
237. Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
     David Schlessinger
238. Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's, University of London, London, UK
     David P Strachan
239. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
     David Meyre
240. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
     Elizabeth K Speliotes
241. The Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
     Ruth J F Loos
242. The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
     Ruth J F Loos
243. Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
     Ruth J F Loos

Authors

1. Sonja I Berndt
2. Stefan Gustafsson
3. Reedik Mägi
4. Andrea Ganna
5. Eleanor Wheeler
6. Mary F Feitosa
7. Anne E Justice
8. Keri L Monda
9. Damien C Croteau-Chonka
10. Felix R Day
11. Tõnu Esko
12. Tove Fall
13. Teresa Ferreira
14. Davide Gentilini
15. Anne U Jackson
16. Jian'an Luan
17. Joshua C Randall
18. Sailaja Vedantam
19. Cristen J Willer
20. Thomas W Winkler
21. Andrew R Wood
22. Tsegaselassie Workalemahu
23. Yi-Juan Hu
24. Sang Hong Lee
25. Liming Liang
26. Dan-Yu Lin
27. Josine L Min
28. Benjamin M Neale
29. Gudmar Thorleifsson
30. Jian Yang
31. Eva Albrecht
32. Najaf Amin
33. Jennifer L Bragg-Gresham
34. Gemma Cadby
35. Martin den Heijer
36. Niina Eklund
37. Krista Fischer
38. Anuj Goel
39. Jouke-Jan Hottenga
40. Jennifer E Huffman
41. Ivonne Jarick
42. Åsa Johansson
43. Toby Johnson
44. Stavroula Kanoni
45. Marcus E Kleber
46. Inke R König
47. Kati Kristiansson
48. Zoltán Kutalik
49. Claudia Lamina
50. Cecile Lecoeur
51. Guo Li
52. Massimo Mangino
53. Wendy L McArdle
54. Carolina Medina-Gomez
55. Martina Müller-Nurasyid
56. Julius S Ngwa
57. Ilja M Nolte
58. Lavinia Paternoster
59. Sonali Pechlivanis
60. Markus Perola
61. Marjolein J Peters
62. Michael Preuss
63. Lynda M Rose
64. Jianxin Shi
65. Dmitry Shungin
66. Albert Vernon Smith
67. Rona J Strawbridge
68. Ida Surakka
69. Alexander Teumer
70. Mieke D Trip
71. Jonathan Tyrer
72. Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
73. Liesbeth Vandenput
74. Lindsay L Waite
75. Jing Hua Zhao
76. Devin Absher
77. Folkert W Asselbergs
78. Mustafa Atalay
79. Antony P Attwood
80. Anthony J Balmforth
81. Hanneke Basart
82. John Beilby
83. Lori L Bonnycastle
84. Paolo Brambilla
85. Marcel Bruinenberg
86. Harry Campbell
87. Daniel I Chasman
88. Peter S Chines
89. Francis S Collins
90. John M Connell
91. William O Cookson
92. Ulf de Faire
93. Femmie de Vegt
94. Mariano Dei
95. Maria Dimitriou
96. Sarah Edkins
97. Karol Estrada
98. David M Evans
99. Martin Farrall
100. Marco M Ferrario
101. Jean Ferrières
102. Lude Franke
103. Francesca Frau
104. Pablo V Gejman
105. Harald Grallert
106. Henrik Grönberg
107. Vilmundur Gudnason
108. Alistair S Hall
109. Per Hall
110. Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
111. Caroline Hayward
112. Nancy L Heard-Costa
113. Andrew C Heath
114. Johannes Hebebrand
115. Georg Homuth
116. Frank B Hu
117. Sarah E Hunt
118. Elina Hyppönen
119. Carlos Iribarren
120. Kevin B Jacobs
121. John-Olov Jansson
122. Antti Jula
123. Mika Kähönen
124. Sekar Kathiresan
125. Frank Kee
126. Kay-Tee Khaw
127. Mika Kivimäki
128. Wolfgang Koenig
129. Aldi T Kraja
130. Meena Kumari
131. Kari Kuulasmaa
132. Johanna Kuusisto
133. Jaana H Laitinen
134. Timo A Lakka
135. Claudia Langenberg
136. Lenore J Launer
137. Lars Lind
138. Jaana Lindström
139. Jianjun Liu
140. Antonio Liuzzi
141. Marja-Liisa Lokki
142. Mattias Lorentzon
143. Pamela A Madden
144. Patrik K Magnusson
145. Paolo Manunta
146. Diana Marek
147. Winfried März
148. Irene Mateo Leach
149. Barbara McKnight
150. Sarah E Medland
151. Evelin Mihailov
152. Lili Milani
153. Grant W Montgomery
154. Vincent Mooser
155. Thomas W Mühleisen
156. Patricia B Munroe
157. Arthur W Musk
158. Narisu Narisu
159. Gerjan Navis
160. George Nicholson
161. Ellen A Nohr
162. Ken K Ong
163. Ben A Oostra
164. Colin N A Palmer
165. Aarno Palotie
166. John F Peden
167. Nancy Pedersen
168. Annette Peters
169. Ozren Polasek
170. Anneli Pouta
171. Peter P Pramstaller
172. Inga Prokopenko
173. Carolin Pütter
174. Aparna Radhakrishnan
175. Olli Raitakari
176. Augusto Rendon
177. Fernando Rivadeneira
178. Igor Rudan
179. Timo E Saaristo
180. Jennifer G Sambrook
181. Alan R Sanders
182. Serena Sanna
183. Jouko Saramies
184. Sabine Schipf
185. Stefan Schreiber
186. Heribert Schunkert
187. So-Youn Shin
188. Stefano Signorini
189. Juha Sinisalo
190. Boris Skrobek
191. Nicole Soranzo
192. Alena Stančáková
193. Klaus Stark
194. Jonathan C Stephens
195. Kathleen Stirrups
196. Ronald P Stolk
197. Michael Stumvoll
198. Amy J Swift
199. Eirini V Theodoraki
200. Barbara Thorand
201. David-Alexandre Tregouet
202. Elena Tremoli
203. Melanie M Van der Klauw
204. Joyce B J van Meurs
205. Sita H Vermeulen
206. Jorma Viikari
207. Jarmo Virtamo
208. Veronique Vitart
209. Gérard Waeber
210. Zhaoming Wang
211. Elisabeth Widén
212. Sarah H Wild
213. Gonneke Willemsen
214. Bernhard R Winkelmann
215. Jacqueline C M Witteman
216. Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel
217. Andrew Wong
218. Alan F Wright
219. M Carola Zillikens
220. Philippe Amouyel
221. Bernhard O Boehm
222. Eric Boerwinkle
223. Dorret I Boomsma
224. Mark J Caulfield
225. Stephen J Chanock
226. L Adrienne Cupples
227. Daniele Cusi
228. George V Dedoussis
229. Jeanette Erdmann
230. Johan G Eriksson
231. Paul W Franks
232. Philippe Froguel
233. Christian Gieger
234. Ulf Gyllensten
235. Anders Hamsten
236. Tamara B Harris
237. Christian Hengstenberg
238. Andrew A Hicks
239. Aroon Hingorani
240. Anke Hinney
241. Albert Hofman
242. Kees G Hovingh
243. Kristian Hveem
244. Thomas Illig
245. Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
246. Karl-Heinz Jöckel
247. Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
248. Lambertus A Kiemeney
249. Diana Kuh
250. Markku Laakso
251. Terho Lehtimäki
252. Douglas F Levinson
253. Nicholas G Martin
254. Andres Metspalu
255. Andrew D Morris
256. Markku S Nieminen
257. Inger Njølstad
258. Claes Ohlsson
259. Albertine J Oldehinkel
260. Willem H Ouwehand
261. Lyle J Palmer
262. Brenda Penninx
263. Chris Power
264. Michael A Province
265. Bruce M Psaty
266. Lu Qi
267. Rainer Rauramaa
268. Paul M Ridker
269. Samuli Ripatti
270. Veikko Salomaa
271. Nilesh J Samani
272. Harold Snieder
273. Thorkild I A Sørensen
274. Timothy D Spector
275. Kari Stefansson
276. Anke Tönjes
277. Jaakko Tuomilehto
278. André G Uitterlinden
279. Matti Uusitupa
280. Pim van der Harst
281. Peter Vollenweider
282. Henri Wallaschofski
283. Nicholas J Wareham
284. Hugh Watkins
285. H-Erich Wichmann
286. James F Wilson
287. Goncalo R Abecasis
288. Themistocles L Assimes
289. Inês Barroso
290. Michael Boehnke
291. Ingrid B Borecki
292. Panos Deloukas
293. Caroline S Fox
294. Timothy Frayling
295. Leif C Groop
296. Talin Haritunian
297. Iris M Heid
298. David Hunter
299. Robert C Kaplan
300. Fredrik Karpe
301. Miriam F Moffatt
302. Karen L Mohlke
303. Jeffrey R O'Connell
304. Yudi Pawitan
305. Eric E Schadt
306. David Schlessinger
307. Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir
308. David P Strachan
309. Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
310. Cornelia M van Duijn
311. Peter M Visscher
312. Anna Maria Di Blasio
313. Joel N Hirschhorn
314. Cecilia M Lindgren
315. Andrew P Morris
316. David Meyre
317. André Scherag
318. Mark I McCarthy
319. Elizabeth K Speliotes
320. Kari E North
321. Ruth J F Loos
322. Erik Ingelsson

Contributions

Steering committee (oversaw the consortium): G.R.A., T.L.A., I.B., S.I.B., M. Boehnke, I.B.B., P.D., C.S.F., T. Frayling, L.C.G., T.H., I.M.H., D.H., E.I., R.C.K., R.J.F.L., M.I.M., K.L. Mohlke, K.E.N., J.R.O., D. Schlessinger, D.P.S., U.T. and C.M.v.D. Writing group (drafted and edited the manuscript): S.I.B., M.F.F., A. Ganna, S.G., E.I., A.E.J., C.M.L., R.J.F.L., R.M., M.I.M., D. Meyre, K.L. Monda, A.P.M., K.E.N., A. Scherag, E.K.S., E. Wheeler and C.J.W. Data cleaning and preparation: S.I.B., D.C.C.-C., F.R.D., T.E., T. Fall, T. Ferreira, S.G., I.M.H., E.I., A.U.J., C.M.L., J. Luan, R.M., J.C.R., A. Scherag, E.K.S., G.T., S.V., T.W.W. and A.R.W. Statistical advisors: S.H.L., B.M.N., Y.P., P.M.V., J.Y., D.-Y.L. and Y.-J.H. Gene expression (eQTL) analyses: L. Liang, W.O.C., M.F.M., G.R.A., V. Steinthorsdottir, G.T., J.L.M., G. Nicholson, F. Karpe., M.I.M. and E.E.S.

Project design, management and coordination of contributing studies

Stage 1—GWAS: (ADVANCE) T.L.A. and C.I.; (AGES) V.G., T.B.H. and L.J.L.; (ARIC) E.B. and K.E.N.; (B58C) D.P.S.; (BRIGHT Study) M.J.C. and P.B.M.; (CAPS) E.I.; (CHS) B.M. and B.M.P.; (CoLaus) V.M., P.V. and G. Waeber; (COROGENE) M.S.N. and J. Sinisalo; (deCODE) K. Stefansson and U.T.; (DGI) L.C.G. and J.N.H.; (EGCUT) A.M.; (EPIC) K.-T.K., R.J.F.L. and N.J.W.; (ERF) B.A.O. and C.M.v.D.; (FamHS) I.B.B. and M.A.P.; (Fenland) R.J.F.L. and N.J.W.; (FRAM) L.A.C. and C.S.F.; (FUSION GWAS) M. Boehnke and K.L. Mohlke; (Genmets) A.J., S.R. and V. Salomaa; (GerMIFS1) J.E. and H. Schunkert; (GerMIFS2) C. Hengstenberg and K. Stark; (GOOD) C.O.; (HBCS) J.G.E.; (KORA S3) H.-E.W.; (KORA S4) C.G., T.I., W.K. and A. Peters; (MGS) P.V.G. and D.F.L.; (MICROS (SOUTH TYROL)) P.P.P.; (MIGEN) J.N.H. and S. Kathiresan; (NESDA) B.P.; (NFBC 1966) M.-R.J.; (NHS) L.Q.; (Nijmegen Biomedical Study) L.A.K.; (NSPHS) U.G.; (NTR) D.I.B.; (ORCADES) J.F.W. and A.F.W.; (PLCO) S.J.C. and S.I.B.; (PROCARDIS) M.F. and H. Watkins; (RS-I) F.R. and A.G.U.; (RUNMC) L.A.K.; (SardiNIA) D. Schlessinger; (SASBAC) E.I.; (SHIP) H. Wallaschofski; (Sorbs) M.S. and A. Tönjes; (TwinsUK) T.D.S.; (VIS) I.R.; (WGHS) P.M.R.; (WTCC-T2D) M.I.M.; (WTCCC-CAD) A.J.B., A.S.H. and N.J.S.; and (YFS) M. Kähönen, T.L., O.R. and J. Viikari. Stage 2—Metabochip and in silico replication: (AMC-PAS) K.G.H.; (B58C) C. Power; (BHS) L.J.P.; (DILGOM) K. Kuulasmaa and V. Salomaa; (DPS) M.U.; (DR's EXTRA) T.A.L. and R.R.; (EPIC, Fenland and Ely) C. Langenberg, R.J.F.L. and N.J.W.; (FIN-D2D 2007) S.M.K.-K. and T.E.S.; (GLACIER) P.W.F.; (Go-DARTS (Dundee)) A.D.M. and C.N.A.P.; (HNR) K.-H.J.; (HUNT 2) K.H.; (Hypergenes) D.C.; (IMPROVE) U.d.F., A. Hamsten and E.T.; (KORA S3) I.M.H.; (LifeLines Cohort Study) H. Snieder, M.M.V.d.K. and B.H.R.W.; (LURIC) B.O.B., W.M. and B.R.W.; (METSIM) J.K. and M. Laakso; (MORGAM) P.A., P.B., M.M.F., J.F., F. Kee, D.-A.T. and J. Virtamo; (NSHD) D.K.; (PIVUS) E.I.; (PLCO2) S.I.B. and S.J.C.; (PREVEND) P.v.d.H.; (QIMR) N.G.M., G.W.M., A.C.H. and P.M.; (RS-II) A. Hofman and J.B.J.v.M.; (RS-III) C.M.v.D. and J.C.M.W.; (Swedish Twin Registry) E.I.; (THISEAS/AMCPAS/CARDIOGENICS) P.D.; (THISEAS) G.V.D.; (TRAILS) A.J.O.; (Tromsø 4) I.N.; (TWINGENE) E.I.; (UKBS2) W.H.O.; (ULSAM) E.I.; (Whitehall II) A. Hingorani and M. Kivimäki; and (WTCC-T2D) M.I.M. and C.M.L. Other contributing studies, clinical extremes: (French Extreme Obesity Study) D. Meyre and P.F.; (GEO-IT) A.M.D.B.; (Essen Obesity Study, Essen Case-Control & Essen Obesity Trio GWAS) J.H. and A. Hinney; and (GOYA) T.I.A.S. and E.A.N.

Genotyping of contributing studies

Stage 1—GWAS: (ADVANCE) D.A.; (ARIC) E.B.; (B58C) W.L.M.; (CAPS) H. Grönberg; (CHS) T.H.; (CoLaus) V.M.; (COROGENE) M. Perola; (EGCUT) T.E. and L.M.; (EPIC) I.B.; (ERF) B.A.O. and C.M.v.D.; (FamHS) I.B.B., M.A.P. and A.T.K.; (Fenland) J. Luan; (Genmets) S.R.; (GOOD) C.O., J.-O.J. and M. Lorentzon; (HBCS) A. Palotie and E. Widén; (MGS) P.V.G. and A.R.S.; (MICROS (SOUTH TYROL)) A.A.H.; (NHS) F.B.H. and D.H.; (NSPHS) Å.J.; (NTR and NESDA) J.-J.H.; (ORCADES) J.F.W.; (PLCO) S.J.C. and K.B.J.; (RS-I) F.R., A.G.U., K.E. and C.M.-G.; (SardiNIA) M. Dei; (SASBAC) P.H. and J. Liu; (SHIP) G.H.; (TwinsUK) M.M., S.-Y.S. and N.S.; (VIS) C. Hayward and V.V.; (WGHS) D.I.C.; (WTCC-T2D) M.I.M.; (WTCCC-CAD) A.J.B., A.S.H. and N.J.S.; and (YFS) T.L. Stage 2—Metabochip and in silico replication: (BHS) L.J.P. and J.B.; (CARDIOGENICS) S.E. and S.E.H.; (DPS) A.J.S.; (DR's EXTRA) M.A.; (EPIC, Fenland and Ely) J. Luan and K.K.O.; (FIN-D2D 2007) P.S.C.; (FUSION) F.S.C., J. Saramies and J. Tuomilehto; (GLACIER) I.B. and S.E.; (Go-DARTS (Dundee)) C.N.A.P.; (HNR) T.W.M.; (HUNT 2) N.N.; (Hypergenes) F.F.; (KORA S3) H. Grallert; (KORA S4) T.I.; (LifeLines Cohort Study) H. Snieder, B.H.R.W., M. Bruinenberg and L.F.; (NSHD) D.K., K.K.O. and A.W.; (PIVUS) E.I. and L. Lind; (PLCO2) S.J.C., K.B.J. and Z.W.; (PREVEND) P.v.d.H. and F.W.A.; (QIMR) N.G.M., G.W.M., A.C.H. and P.A.M.; (RS-II) M.J.P. and M. Dei; (Swedish Twin Registry) E.I., P.K.M. and N.P.; (THISEAS/AMCPAS/CARDIOGENICS) K. Stirrups; (TRAILS) A.J.O., I.M.N. and J.V.V.V.-O.; (Tromsø 4) L.L.B.; (TWINGENE) E.I., A. Hamsten and N.P.; (ULSAM) E.I.; (Whitehall II) C. Langenberg; and (WTCC-T2D) M.I.M. Other contributing studies, clinical extremes: (French Extreme Obesity Study) D. Meyre and P.F.; (GEO-IT) D.G.; and (GOYA) L.P. and D.M.E.

Phenotyping of contributing studies

Stage 1—GWAS: (ARIC) E.B.; (B58C) D.P.S.; (BRIGHT Study) J.M.C.; (CAPS) H. Grönberg; (CHS) B.M.P.; (CoLaus) P.V. and G. Waeber; (COROGENE) J. Sinisalo, M.-L.L.; (EGCUT) A.M. and K.F.; (EPIC) R.J.F.L.; (ERF) B.A.O. and C.M.v.D.; (FamHS) I.B.B., M.A.P. and M.F.F.; (Fenland) R.J.F.L.; (FRAM) C.S.F.; (Genmets) A.J. and V. Salomaa; (GerMIFS1) S. Schreiber; (GerMIFS2) A. Peters; (GOOD) C.O., J.-O.J., M. Lorentzon and L.V.; (MGS) P.V.G., A.R.S. and D.F.L.; (NFBC 1966) A.-L.H., J.H.L. and A. Pouta; (NHS) L.Q.; (Nijmegen Biomedical Study) F.d.V., M.d.H. and S.H.V.; (NSPHS) Å.J. and U.G.; (NTR and NESDA) G. Willemsen; (ORCADES) H.C. and S.H.W.; (PLCO) S.I.B.; (RS-I) F.R. and A.G.U.; (SASBAC) P.H.; (SHIP) S. Schipf; (Sorbs) A. Tönjes; (TwinsUK) M.M. and T.D.S.; (VIS) O.P.; (WTCC-T2D) M.I.M.; (WTCCC-CAD) A.J.B., A.S.H. and N.J.S.; and (YFS) M. Kähönen, O.R. and J. Viikari. Stage 2—Metabochip and in silico replication: (AMC-PAS) H.B. and M.D.T.; (B58C) C. Power and E.H.; (BHS) L.J.P., J.B. and A.W.M.; (DPS) J. Lindström; (EPIC, Fenland and Ely) R.J.F.L.; (GLACIER) P.W.F. and D. Shungin; (Go-DARTS (Dundee)) C.N.A.P. and A.D.M.; (Hypergenes) D.C. and P.M.; (KORA S3) B.T.; (KORA S4) A. Peters; (LifeLines Cohort Study) B.H.R.W. and M.M.V.d.K.; (METSIM) A. Stančáková and P.V.G.; (NSHD) D.K.; (PIVUS) E.I. and L. Lind; (PLCO2) S.I.B.; (PREVEND) G. Navis; (QIMR) N.G.M., A.C.H. and P.M.; (RS-II) M.C.Z.; (RS-III) J.C.M.W.; (Swedish Twin Registry) E.I., P.K.M. and N.P.; (THISEAS) M. Dimitriou and E.V.T.; (TRAILS) R.P.S.; (TWINGENE) E.I. and N.P.; (UKBS2) A. Rendon; (ULSAM) E.I.; (Whitehall II) M. Kumari; and (WTCC-T2D) M.I.M. Other contributing studies, clinical extremes: (Essen Obesity Study, Essen Case-Control GWAS & Essen Obesity Trio GWAS) J.H. and A. Hinney; (GEO-IT) A.L. and S. Signorini; and (GOYA) T.I.A.S. and E.A.N.

Analyses of contributing studies

Stage 1—GWAS: (ADVANCE) L.L.W.; (AGES) A.V.S.; (ARIC) K.E.N., A.E.J. and K.L. Monda; (B58C) D.P.S.; (BRIGHT Study) T.J.; (CAPS) E.I. and R.M.; (CHS) B.M. and G.L.; (CoLaus) D. Marek; (COROGENE) M. Perola; (deCODE) V. Steinthorsdottir and G.T.; (DGI) E.K.S. and S.V.; (EGCUT) K.F., T.E. and E.M.; (EPIC) J.H.Z.; (ERF) N.A.; (FamHS) M.F.F.; (Fenland) J. Luan; (FRAM) L.A.C., N.L.H.-C. and J.S.N.; (Genmets) I.S.; (GerMIFS1) M. Preuss; (GerMIFS2) I.R.K.; (GOOD) C.O., J.-O.J., M. Lorentzon and L.V.; (HBCS) N.E.; (KORA S3) C. Lamina; (KORA S4) E.A.; (MGS) D.F.L. and J. Shi; (MICROS (SOUTH TYROL)) J.E.H. and Å.J.; (MIGEN) E.K.S. and S.V.; (NFBC 1966) A. Pouta, R.M. and J.C.R.; (NHS) L.Q. and T.W.; (NSPHS) Å.J.; (NTR and NESDA) J.- J.H.; (ORCADES) Å.J.; (PLCO) K.B.J. and S.I.B.; (PROCARDIS) M.F., A. Goel and J.F.P.; (RS-I) F.R., K.E. and C.M.-G.; (SardiNIA) J.L.B.-G. and S. Sanna; (SASBAC) E.I. and R.M.; (SEARCH) J. Tyrer; (SHIP) A. Teumer; (Sorbs) R.M. and I.P.; (TwinsUK) M.M. and N.S.; (VIS) Å.J.; (WGHS) D.I.C.; (WTCC-T2D) C.M.L., R.M. and J.C.R.; (WTCCC-CAD) R.M. and J.C.R.; (WTCCC-NBS (UKBS-CC)) A.P.A., R.M., J.C.R., J.G.S. and J.C.S.; and (YFS) O.R. and T.L. Stage 2—Metabochip and in silico replication: (B58C) E.H. and T. Ferreira; (BHS) G.C.; (DILGOM) K. Kristiansson and K. Kuulasmaa; (DPS) A.U.J.; (DR's EXTRA) A.U.J.; (EPIC, Fenland and Ely) J. Luan and K.K.O.; (FIN-D2D 2007) A.U.J.; (FUSION) A.U.J.; (GLACIER) P.W.F. and D. Shungin; (HNR) S.P. and C. Pütter; (HUNT 2) A.U.J.; (Hypergenes) F.F. and Z.K.; (IMPROVE) R.J.S.; (KORA S3) I.M.H. and T.W.W.; (KORA S4) M.M.-N.; (LifeLines Cohort Study) M. Bruinenberg and L.F.; (LURIC) M.E.K.; (METSIM) A.U.J.; (NSHD) A.W. and J. Luan; (PIVUS) E.I., S.G.; (PLCO2) S.I.B., Z.W.; (PREVEND) P.v.d.H. and I.M.L.; (QIMR) S.E.M., J.Y.; (RS-II) M.J.P.; (Swedish Twin Registry) E.I. and S.G.; (THISEAS/AMCPAS/CARDIOGENICS) S. Kanoni; (TRAILS) I.M.N. and J.V.V.V.-O.; (Tromsø 4) A.U.J.; (TWINGENE) E.I. and S.G.; (UKBS2) A. Radhakrishnan; (ULSAM) E.I., A. Ganna and S.G.; (WGHS) L.M.R.; and (WTCC-T2D) R.M. and T. Ferreira. Other contributing studies, clinical extremes: (French Extreme Obesity Study) D. Meyre, C. Lecoeur and B.S.; (GEO-IT) A.M.D.B. and D.G.; (Essen Obesity Study, Essen Case-Control GWAS and Essen Obesity Trio GWAS) A. Scherag and I.J.; and (GOYA) L.P. and D.M.E.

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Correspondence toErik Ingelsson.

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Competing interests

K. Stefansson, V. Steinthorsdottir, G.T. and U.T. are employed by deCODE Genetics with stock and/or stock options in the company. I.B. and spouse own stock in Incyte, Ltd., and GlaxoSmithKline. E.E.S. is Chief Scientific Officer at Pacific Biosciences. T.I.A.S. has collaborated with Nestlé Research Centre and DSM, The Netherlands, on the metabolomics and genomics of obesity and related traits, respectively.

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Berndt, S., Gustafsson, S., Mägi, R. et al. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture.Nat Genet 45, 501–512 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2606

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• Received: 16 October 2012
• Accepted: 14 March 2013
• Published: 07 April 2013
• Issue date: May 2013
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2606