Ioannis Deligiannis | Democritus University of Thrace (original) (raw)
Books by Ioannis Deligiannis
Deligiannis, Ioannis. Cicero in Greece, Greece in Cicero: Aspects of Reciprocal Reception from Classical Antiquity to Byzantium and Modern Greece, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111292779
The volume celebrates the 2100 years since Cicero’s first trip to Greece in 79 BCE, which moulded... more The volume celebrates the 2100 years since Cicero’s first trip to Greece in 79 BCE, which moulded him as an orator, philosopher and politician. It brings together an anthology of eight contributions, which provide new material and shed light on certain aspects of Cicero’s presence in Greece and the reception of Cicero in Late Roman, Byzantine, Post-Byzantine, Early Modern, and Modern Greece up to date. It also approaches aspects of the way in which the Greek world, language and philosophy appear in Cicero’s works.
The volume aims at complementing the international literature on the interaction between Cicero and Greece. It offers new and unpublished material on Cicero’s presence in Greece literally, deriving from his epistles, speeches and philosophical treatises, but also on his interaction with the Greek philosophical schools, the Greek language and politics, etc. Besides, it offers new knowledge on the appreciation and reception of Cicero and his texts by the Greek world from Late Antiquity to Byzantium and Modern Greece, based on material deriving from a variety of sources (papyri, manuscripts, compendia or encyclopaedias, imitations, translations, early editions, etc.), an aspect of the relationships between Cicero and Greece still understudied. Thus, the volume offers an image as illustrative as possible of various aspects of the presence of the Greek world in Cicero’s works and of Cicero’s presence in Greece from his own times to the present day.
Cicero Post reditum in Senatu, Post reditum ad Quirites, & pseudo-Cicero Pridie quam in exsilium ... more Cicero Post reditum in Senatu, Post reditum ad Quirites, & pseudo-Cicero Pridie quam in exsilium iret. Introduction, Text, Translation and Commentary.
Η πρώτη πλήρης μετάφραση με υπομνηματισμό στη νέα ελληνική του πολιτικού διαλόγου του Κικέρωνα De... more Η πρώτη πλήρης μετάφραση με υπομνηματισμό στη νέα ελληνική του πολιτικού διαλόγου του Κικέρωνα De re publica το 2015 και η αντίστοιχη έκδοση του έτερου πολιτικού συγγράμματός του, De legibus, το 2017 έγιναν δεκτές με ενδιαφέρον από το ελληνικό αναγνωστικό κοινό και τους φοιτητές και τις φοιτήτριες των ελληνικών πανεπιστημιακών ιδρυμάτων.
Εκκινώντας από την πρόθεση να καλυφθούν οι ανάγκες των δύο αυτών ομάδων του αναγνωστικού κοινού, κρίθηκε αναγκαίο οι ανωτέρω αναφερθείσες εκδόσεις να περιλάβουν το λατινικό κείμενο των διαλόγων και έναν λεπτομερή υπομνηματισμό, ο οποίος έγινε προσπάθεια να καλύπτει όλες τις πτυχές της σύγχρονης φιλολογικής έρευνας και επιστήμης. Χωρίς να απεμπολούνται οι παραπάνω αρχές, αλλά έχοντας κατά νου την πρόταση του κ. Πασχάλη Κιτρομηλίδη, Ομότιμου Καθηγητή Πολιτικής Επιστήμης του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. και Τακτικού Μέλους της Ακαδημίας Αθηνών στην έδρα «Ιστορία των Πολιτικών Θεωριών», οι δύο αυτοί διάλογοι δηλ. να συνδυαστούν σε μία ενιαία έκδοση, με βασικό υπομνηματισμό, προκειμένου να είναι πιο χρηστικοί για το ευρύτερο κοινό, πρόταση που διατύπωσε και δημοσίως στην παρουσίαση της Περί Νόμων έκδοσης το 2017, και κατά το παράδειγμα αντίστοιχων εκδόσεων έγκριτων οίκων του εξωτερικού, οι οποίες δεν στερούνται επιστημονικής αξίας, αποφασίστηκε, μετά από πρόταση του Διευθυντή των Εκδόσεων «Ινστιτούτο του Βιβλίου – Α. Καρδαμίτσα», κ. Θάνου Β. Ψυχογιού, η προετοιμασία και παραγωγή της παρούσας έκδοσης.
Η έκδοση αυτή έχει βασιστεί στις προαναφερθείσες μεμονωμένες εκδόσεις των δύο διαλόγων με κάποιες τροποποιήσεις. Η εισαγωγή αναδιοργανώθηκε και αναδιαμορφώθηκε στο περιεχόμενό της, προκειμένου αφ’ ενός να εξακολουθεί να προσφέρει τα στοιχεία εκείνα που είναι απαραίτητα για την κατανόηση του πολιτικού και φιλοσοφικού περιεχομένου των δύο διαλόγων και των σχέσεών τους με την ελληνική φιλοσοφική σκέψη και γραμματεία, αφ’ ετέρου να ανταποκρίνεται στη μορφή και στις απαιτήσεις της παρούσας έκδοσης. Η ελληνική μετάφραση των διαλόγων βελτιώθηκε, όπου κρίθηκε αναγκαίο, ενώ ο υπομνηματισμός περιορίστηκε στα απολύτως απαραίτητα πραγματολογικά και ερμηνευτικά σχόλια, ώστε να διευκολύνει την κατανόηση των κειμένων. Ο βιβλιογραφικός κατάλογος που παρατίθεται στο τέλος της έκδοσης επιλέχθηκε και επικαιροποιήθηκε με εκδόσεις, μελέτες και άρθρα της τελευταίας τριετίας, προκειμένου ο αναγνώστης να παρακολουθήσει την εξέλιξη της έρευνας θεμάτων που θίγονται στους δύο διαλόγους. Η έκδοση ολοκληρώνεται με έναν πίνακα αντιστοίχισης χωρίων της ελληνικής μετάφρασης των διαλόγων με τα χωρία της πλέον πρόσφατης κριτικής έκδοσης του λατινικού κειμένου τους, προσφέροντας έτσι τη δυνατότητα στον αναγνώστη να εντοπίσει ευκολότερα το πρωτότυπο, καθώς και με τρία ευρετήρια (αποσπασμάτων, ονομάτων, και όρων).
Αισθάνομαι το χρέος να ευχαριστήσω για μία ακόμη φορά τον Διευθυντή των Εκδόσεων «Ινστιτούτο του Βιβλίου – Α. Καρδαμίτσα», κ. Θάνο Β. Ψυχογιό, για την αμέριστη στήριξη και τη φροντίδα, τη δική του και των εκδόσεών του, στην προετοιμασία και δημοσίευση των προηγούμενων δύο εργασιών μου και της παρούσας βεβαίως, καθώς και για την πολύτιμη και πολύπλευρη προσφορά και συμβολή του στην προώθηση των κλασσικών γραμμάτων στη χώρα μας, παρά τις μεγάλες δυσκολίες και τα πολλά εμπόδια που αυτή συναντά.
Latin in Byzantium III: Post-Byzantine Latinitas. Latin in Post-Byzantine Scholarship (15th -19th Centuries), 2020
7 ] ΠΡΟΣ ΤΟΥΣ ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΤΕΣ [ 8 ] [ 149 ] Flodr, Incunabula = M. Flodr, Incunabula Classicorum. Wieg... more 7 ] ΠΡΟΣ ΤΟΥΣ ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΤΕΣ [ 8 ] [ 149 ] Flodr, Incunabula = M. Flodr, Incunabula Classicorum. Wiegendrucke der griechischen und römischen Literatur, Amsterdam, Verlag Adolf M. Hakkert, 1973 GW = Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke, τ. 1-, Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Leipzig, Anton Hiersemann Verlag, 1925-, online: https://gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/
by Ioannis Deligiannis, Malika C M Bastin-Hammou, Martin Bauer-Zetzmann, Roumpini Dimopoulou, Adam Foley, Noreen Humble, Sophia Kouteri, Liana Lomiento, Vasileios Pappas, Maria Luísa Resende, and Fabio Stok
Papers by Ioannis Deligiannis
Πρακτικά 10ου Πανελληνίου Συμποσίου Λατινικών Σπουδών: Θρησκεία και Μυθολογία στον Ρωμαϊκό Κόσμο, 2021
Περίληψη Μολονότι η πίστη του Κικέρωνα προς τη ρωμαϊκή θρησκεία είναι έκδηλη στους πολιτικούς δια... more Περίληψη
Μολονότι η πίστη του Κικέρωνα προς τη ρωμαϊκή θρησκεία είναι έκδηλη στους πολιτικούς διαλόγους του de re publica και de legibus, δεν διστάζει να προσεγγίσει κριτικά την άκριτη πίστη στη ρωμαϊκή μυθολογία και τη μυθολογική θρησκεία. Αποσιωπά μυθολογικά στοιχεία του ιδρυτικού μύθου της Ρώμης, αμφισβητεί τη θεοποίηση του Ρωμύλου και ανατρέπει παγιωμένες παραδόσεις για τους βασιλείς της Ρώμης, επιλέγοντας να δώσει μία ορθολογική ερμηνεία τους και να τις εντάξει στη φύση του ανθρώπου. Προς την ίδια κατεύθυνση κινείται και η αντιμετώπιση πτυχών της ρωμαϊκής μυθολογικής θρησκείας: αντιμετωπίζονται κριτικά και εντάσσονται στην προσπάθειά του για τήρηση της πατρώας θρησκείας και επιβολή μιας συμπεριφοράς των πολιτών που θα συνάδει με τις αξίες και τις αρχές της πολιτείας.
Abstract
Although Cicero’s belief in Roman religion is evident in his political dialogues de re publica and de legibus, he does not hesitate to critically approach the uncritical belief in Roman mythology and mythological religion. It conceals mythological elements of the founding myth of Rome, challenges the deification of Romulus and subverts established traditions about the kings of Rome, choosing to give a rational interpretation of them and attributing them to human nature. The treatment of aspects of the Roman mythological religion moves in the same direction: they are treated critically and are part of Cicero’s effort to preserve the inherited religion and impose, for the citizens, a behaviour that will be in line with the values and principles of the state.
Medioevo greco Rivista di storia e filologia bizantina 21 (2021), 2021
I. Deligiannis, N. Tompros, «Modern Greek Heraldic Mottoes: A Revival of Classical or Classicizin... more I. Deligiannis, N. Tompros, «Modern Greek Heraldic Mottoes: A Revival of Classical or Classicizing Latin Language and Style», Medioevo greco Rivista di storia e filologia bizantina 21 (2021), p. 313-335, 531.
This study examines the heraldic mottoes (forty in number, originating from more than 1.220 coats of arms) composed in Latin and mostly owned by Greek families from 1204 to 1864 in territories formerly having belonged to the Byzantine and the Ottoman Empires (Athens, Peloponnesus, Chius, Naxos, Crete, Cyprus, Constantinople, Trebizond), as well as the Ionian Islands (Corfu, Zakynthos, Cephalonia). Their analysis shows that most of them appear to have a Classical provenance (in the form of excerpts from classical authors and texts, including Cicero, Horace, Ovid, Vergil, Plautus, Juvenal, etc.), while some derive from ecclesiastical and/or Christian texts and authors (Gregory of Nazianzus, John Chrysostom, the Psalms, etc.), some others can be traced to sources contemporary or chronologically closer to the families they owned them (Marcantonio Colonna, Miklos Zrinyi, Paolo Sarpi), whereas a few are per se compositions imitating the language and style of classical Latin. This intentional revival of classical or classicizing Latin served as a premeditated mechanism and method of the mottoes’ owners to identify themselves as members of an upper social and intellectual class, especially in areas where Venice or other western rulers had influenced the cultural and intellectual world of their subjects; it may also have been the result of the movement of archaeolatry under the influence of Renaissance classicism.
Medioevo greco. Rivista di storia e filologia bizantina, 2021
This study examines the heraldic mottoes (forty in number, originating from more than 1.220 coats... more This study examines the heraldic mottoes (forty in number, originating from more than 1.220 coats of arms) composed in Latin and mostly owned by Greek families from 1204 to 1864 in territories formerly having belonged to the Byzantine and the Ottoman Empires (Athens, Peloponnesus, Chius, Naxos, Crete, Cyprus, Constantinople, Trebizond), as well as the Ionian Islands (Corfu, Zakynthos, Cephalonia). Their analysis shows that most of them appear to have a Classical provenance (in the form of excerpts from Classical authors and texts, including Cicero, Horace, Ovid, Vergil, Plautus, Juvenal, etc.), while some derive from ecclesiastical and/or Christian texts and authors (Gregory of Nazianzus, John Chrysostom, the Psalms, etc.), some others can be traced to sources contemporary or chronologically closer to the families they owned them (Marcantonio Colonna, Miklos Zrinyi, Paolo Sarpi), whereas a few are per se compositions imitating the language and style of Classical Latin. This intentional revival of Classical or Classicizing Latin served as a premeditated mechanism and method of the mottoes’ owners to identify themselves as members of an upper social and intellectual class, especially in areas where Venice or other western rulers had influenced the cultural and intellectual world of their subjects, or was the result of the movement of archaeolatry under the influence of Renaissance Classicism.
Corpus Christianorum Lingua Patrum (CCLP 12B) Latin in Byzantium III: Post-Byzantine Latinitas. Latin in Post-Byzantine Scholarship (15th -19th Centuries), 2020
The successful introduction of Greek studies to Western Europe in the late fourteenth century was... more The successful introduction of Greek studies to Western Europe in the late fourteenth century was soon followed by Latin translations of numerous Greek texts produced by Western and Byzantine scholars of the time. The chapter focuses on the latter, especially the late and post-Byzantine scholars who arrived in Italy before and after the Fall of Constantinople and engaged in rendering classical, mediaeval or contemporary Greek texts, pagan and patristic, into Latin. Furthermore, it traces the diffusion of their Latin versions that were printed from the mid-fifteenth to late sixteenth century. All the versions that reached at least one printing house until 1600 are reviewed, along with any possible geographical and chronological fluctuations. The discussion of their editions leads to conclusions on the texts and authors that appealed mostly to the scholars of the time, the most influential translators, the European printing centres and their shifts over time, the printers and their preferences in particular texts and translators, and other aspects related to the dissemination of these translations.
I paratesti nelle edizioni a stampa dei classici greci e latini (XV-XVIII sec.), 2020
One of the four manuscripts preserving Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Historie... more One of the four manuscripts preserving Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Histories, namely Florence, BML, ms. Acq. e Doni 130 (F), is fully annotated by its as-yet-unidentified scribe. While the marginal comments on the text cover a wide range of interests, there is a particular category of them consisting of references and allusions to classical literature, which are not to be found on the second annotated manuscript of the translation, namely Naples, BNN, ms. V.G.7. This group of scholia in F shows the established knowledge of the classical authors shown by its annotator. There are thirteen references to specific Greek and Latin authors and another seven that can be found and traced in them, including Aristotle, Virgil, Livy, Ovid, Valerius Maximus, Sallust, Juvenal, Cicero and Terence. The paper identifies these references and allusions in relation to Herodotus’ text, and examines the annotator’s preference to Livy as the Roman historian favoured also by Palmieri and matching Herodotus’ iucunditas and candor, as put by Quintilian in his Institutio Oratoria (10.1.101).
Rivista di Cultura Classica e Medioevale, 2020
There has been extensive study on Homer’s distinguished place in the Roman education, intellectua... more There has been extensive study on Homer’s distinguished place in the Roman education, intellectual and cultural life. However, studies focusing on the reception and use of Homer and his epics by Roman writers, even the major ones, are still limited. This study aims to identify and discuss the direct and indirect references to Homer and his work by one of the most acclaimed Roman writers, Seneca the Younger. As such, the analysis reveals significant aspects of Seneca’s appreciation of Homer as the Greeks’ greatest poet, the place of Homer in the education and general intellectual life of the Romans in the 1st cent. A.D., the quotation techniques employed by Seneca in embedding Homer in his writings (in the original Greek language, in translation, paraphrase, sense rendering, or allusion), and the purposes (for mocking his enemies, for reinforcing his argumentation, or as an exemplum) in doing so, which differentiate according to the content and purpose of each of Seneca’s works in which these quotations appear. Thus, this analysis offers an overall picture of the way in which Seneca perceived and used Homer in his writings.
Mediterranean Chronicle, 2019
This study examines the behavioural norms proposed by Cicero in Book Four of his political dialog... more This study examines the behavioural norms proposed by Cicero in Book Four of his political dialogue De re publica, which aim to shape and enforce a positive social identity for the Roman citizens, in order for the state to achieve its goal, the beata et honesta vita. The norms cover various aspects of public and private life, which contribute to building positive in-group relations and a collective social identity for Roman citizens. In the same time, their comparison with corresponding Greek institutions and behaviours strengthens the inter-group relations and differences between the Romans and Greeks, which contribute to consolidating a Roman national identity. Although the text of Book Four of the dialogue is preserved in a fragmentary condition, it provides sufficient information for Cicero’s conscious and consistent effort to impose a normative behaviour based on the mos maiorum and a sound and morally superior social and national identity that will allow the Roman society as a whole and the state as an institution to consolidate Rome’s leading role in the world and impose its position in it. The study also addresses two major issues related to Cicero’s political dialogues: a) the relationship between them and whether or not the laws proposed in De legibus were meant for the state as described in De re publica, and b) Cicero’s understanding of the idea of a ‘constitution’. It revises, supports or overturns recent scholarly opinions, and concludes that Cicero did not propose a certain constitutional change, but the norms proposed in the first dialogue as well as the laws of the second dialogue must be viewed within and as part of a broader political culture.
The Exemplary Hercules from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment and Beyond, 2020
The Latin translation of Prodikos’ tale of Herakles, as attested in Xenophon’s Memorabilia and ve... more The Latin translation of Prodikos’ tale of Herakles, as attested in Xenophon’s Memorabilia and versed into Latin by Sassolo da Prato in the fourth decade of the fifteenth century, is preceded by Sassolo’s dedicatory epistle to Alessandro Gonzaga, the youngest son of Gianfrancesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua. The image of the young Hercules conversing with Virtue and Pleasure dominates and defines the content of the epistle. Yet Sassolo’s focal point is not Hercules himself, but the comparison between Virtue and Pleasure. Sassolo uses the proximity of Hercules’ age to Alessandro’s as a pretext to build around it a strongly persuasive protreptic in favour of Virtue and against Pleasure. He makes subtle insinuations about the domestic events that troubled the House of Gonzaga between 1436 and 1441. Although Sassolo’s translation was originally dedicated to Alessandro Gonzaga, in an effort to deter him from abandoning his intellectual education and focusing on military glory, and was apparently meant to be Sassolo’s attempt at finding patronage under Alessandro, two manuscript copies of this very translation made in the early 1460s by the famous calligrapher Felice Feliciano reveal that the choice-making Hercules was used as an exemplary model for Alessandro’s nephew and future heir to the Marquisate of Mantua, Federico Gonzaga. One of these manuscripts (ms. Vat. Reg. Lat. 1388) – but possibly the other too (ms. Padua B.P. 1099), although it is mutilated – contains a miniature depicting a fully mature Hercules, holding his club and wearing his characteristic lion-skin, and at the same time standing between Virtue and Pleasure, looking distrustfully at the latter, while unconsciously leaning towards the former. The chapter studies the way in which Prodikos’ tale of Herakles was used for the exhortative instruction of princes of the ruling house of Mantua of two generations from the 1440s to the early 1460’s. Hercules was not used as a traditional heroic symbol, but it was his encounter with Virtue and Pleasure, the very focal point of Prodikos’ tale itself, that served this kind of instruction.
Deligiannis, Ioannis. Cicero in Greece, Greece in Cicero: Aspects of Reciprocal Reception from Classical Antiquity to Byzantium and Modern Greece, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111292779
The volume celebrates the 2100 years since Cicero’s first trip to Greece in 79 BCE, which moulded... more The volume celebrates the 2100 years since Cicero’s first trip to Greece in 79 BCE, which moulded him as an orator, philosopher and politician. It brings together an anthology of eight contributions, which provide new material and shed light on certain aspects of Cicero’s presence in Greece and the reception of Cicero in Late Roman, Byzantine, Post-Byzantine, Early Modern, and Modern Greece up to date. It also approaches aspects of the way in which the Greek world, language and philosophy appear in Cicero’s works.
The volume aims at complementing the international literature on the interaction between Cicero and Greece. It offers new and unpublished material on Cicero’s presence in Greece literally, deriving from his epistles, speeches and philosophical treatises, but also on his interaction with the Greek philosophical schools, the Greek language and politics, etc. Besides, it offers new knowledge on the appreciation and reception of Cicero and his texts by the Greek world from Late Antiquity to Byzantium and Modern Greece, based on material deriving from a variety of sources (papyri, manuscripts, compendia or encyclopaedias, imitations, translations, early editions, etc.), an aspect of the relationships between Cicero and Greece still understudied. Thus, the volume offers an image as illustrative as possible of various aspects of the presence of the Greek world in Cicero’s works and of Cicero’s presence in Greece from his own times to the present day.
Cicero Post reditum in Senatu, Post reditum ad Quirites, & pseudo-Cicero Pridie quam in exsilium ... more Cicero Post reditum in Senatu, Post reditum ad Quirites, & pseudo-Cicero Pridie quam in exsilium iret. Introduction, Text, Translation and Commentary.
Η πρώτη πλήρης μετάφραση με υπομνηματισμό στη νέα ελληνική του πολιτικού διαλόγου του Κικέρωνα De... more Η πρώτη πλήρης μετάφραση με υπομνηματισμό στη νέα ελληνική του πολιτικού διαλόγου του Κικέρωνα De re publica το 2015 και η αντίστοιχη έκδοση του έτερου πολιτικού συγγράμματός του, De legibus, το 2017 έγιναν δεκτές με ενδιαφέρον από το ελληνικό αναγνωστικό κοινό και τους φοιτητές και τις φοιτήτριες των ελληνικών πανεπιστημιακών ιδρυμάτων.
Εκκινώντας από την πρόθεση να καλυφθούν οι ανάγκες των δύο αυτών ομάδων του αναγνωστικού κοινού, κρίθηκε αναγκαίο οι ανωτέρω αναφερθείσες εκδόσεις να περιλάβουν το λατινικό κείμενο των διαλόγων και έναν λεπτομερή υπομνηματισμό, ο οποίος έγινε προσπάθεια να καλύπτει όλες τις πτυχές της σύγχρονης φιλολογικής έρευνας και επιστήμης. Χωρίς να απεμπολούνται οι παραπάνω αρχές, αλλά έχοντας κατά νου την πρόταση του κ. Πασχάλη Κιτρομηλίδη, Ομότιμου Καθηγητή Πολιτικής Επιστήμης του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. και Τακτικού Μέλους της Ακαδημίας Αθηνών στην έδρα «Ιστορία των Πολιτικών Θεωριών», οι δύο αυτοί διάλογοι δηλ. να συνδυαστούν σε μία ενιαία έκδοση, με βασικό υπομνηματισμό, προκειμένου να είναι πιο χρηστικοί για το ευρύτερο κοινό, πρόταση που διατύπωσε και δημοσίως στην παρουσίαση της Περί Νόμων έκδοσης το 2017, και κατά το παράδειγμα αντίστοιχων εκδόσεων έγκριτων οίκων του εξωτερικού, οι οποίες δεν στερούνται επιστημονικής αξίας, αποφασίστηκε, μετά από πρόταση του Διευθυντή των Εκδόσεων «Ινστιτούτο του Βιβλίου – Α. Καρδαμίτσα», κ. Θάνου Β. Ψυχογιού, η προετοιμασία και παραγωγή της παρούσας έκδοσης.
Η έκδοση αυτή έχει βασιστεί στις προαναφερθείσες μεμονωμένες εκδόσεις των δύο διαλόγων με κάποιες τροποποιήσεις. Η εισαγωγή αναδιοργανώθηκε και αναδιαμορφώθηκε στο περιεχόμενό της, προκειμένου αφ’ ενός να εξακολουθεί να προσφέρει τα στοιχεία εκείνα που είναι απαραίτητα για την κατανόηση του πολιτικού και φιλοσοφικού περιεχομένου των δύο διαλόγων και των σχέσεών τους με την ελληνική φιλοσοφική σκέψη και γραμματεία, αφ’ ετέρου να ανταποκρίνεται στη μορφή και στις απαιτήσεις της παρούσας έκδοσης. Η ελληνική μετάφραση των διαλόγων βελτιώθηκε, όπου κρίθηκε αναγκαίο, ενώ ο υπομνηματισμός περιορίστηκε στα απολύτως απαραίτητα πραγματολογικά και ερμηνευτικά σχόλια, ώστε να διευκολύνει την κατανόηση των κειμένων. Ο βιβλιογραφικός κατάλογος που παρατίθεται στο τέλος της έκδοσης επιλέχθηκε και επικαιροποιήθηκε με εκδόσεις, μελέτες και άρθρα της τελευταίας τριετίας, προκειμένου ο αναγνώστης να παρακολουθήσει την εξέλιξη της έρευνας θεμάτων που θίγονται στους δύο διαλόγους. Η έκδοση ολοκληρώνεται με έναν πίνακα αντιστοίχισης χωρίων της ελληνικής μετάφρασης των διαλόγων με τα χωρία της πλέον πρόσφατης κριτικής έκδοσης του λατινικού κειμένου τους, προσφέροντας έτσι τη δυνατότητα στον αναγνώστη να εντοπίσει ευκολότερα το πρωτότυπο, καθώς και με τρία ευρετήρια (αποσπασμάτων, ονομάτων, και όρων).
Αισθάνομαι το χρέος να ευχαριστήσω για μία ακόμη φορά τον Διευθυντή των Εκδόσεων «Ινστιτούτο του Βιβλίου – Α. Καρδαμίτσα», κ. Θάνο Β. Ψυχογιό, για την αμέριστη στήριξη και τη φροντίδα, τη δική του και των εκδόσεών του, στην προετοιμασία και δημοσίευση των προηγούμενων δύο εργασιών μου και της παρούσας βεβαίως, καθώς και για την πολύτιμη και πολύπλευρη προσφορά και συμβολή του στην προώθηση των κλασσικών γραμμάτων στη χώρα μας, παρά τις μεγάλες δυσκολίες και τα πολλά εμπόδια που αυτή συναντά.
Latin in Byzantium III: Post-Byzantine Latinitas. Latin in Post-Byzantine Scholarship (15th -19th Centuries), 2020
7 ] ΠΡΟΣ ΤΟΥΣ ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΤΕΣ [ 8 ] [ 149 ] Flodr, Incunabula = M. Flodr, Incunabula Classicorum. Wieg... more 7 ] ΠΡΟΣ ΤΟΥΣ ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΤΕΣ [ 8 ] [ 149 ] Flodr, Incunabula = M. Flodr, Incunabula Classicorum. Wiegendrucke der griechischen und römischen Literatur, Amsterdam, Verlag Adolf M. Hakkert, 1973 GW = Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke, τ. 1-, Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Leipzig, Anton Hiersemann Verlag, 1925-, online: https://gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/
by Ioannis Deligiannis, Malika C M Bastin-Hammou, Martin Bauer-Zetzmann, Roumpini Dimopoulou, Adam Foley, Noreen Humble, Sophia Kouteri, Liana Lomiento, Vasileios Pappas, Maria Luísa Resende, and Fabio Stok
Πρακτικά 10ου Πανελληνίου Συμποσίου Λατινικών Σπουδών: Θρησκεία και Μυθολογία στον Ρωμαϊκό Κόσμο, 2021
Περίληψη Μολονότι η πίστη του Κικέρωνα προς τη ρωμαϊκή θρησκεία είναι έκδηλη στους πολιτικούς δια... more Περίληψη
Μολονότι η πίστη του Κικέρωνα προς τη ρωμαϊκή θρησκεία είναι έκδηλη στους πολιτικούς διαλόγους του de re publica και de legibus, δεν διστάζει να προσεγγίσει κριτικά την άκριτη πίστη στη ρωμαϊκή μυθολογία και τη μυθολογική θρησκεία. Αποσιωπά μυθολογικά στοιχεία του ιδρυτικού μύθου της Ρώμης, αμφισβητεί τη θεοποίηση του Ρωμύλου και ανατρέπει παγιωμένες παραδόσεις για τους βασιλείς της Ρώμης, επιλέγοντας να δώσει μία ορθολογική ερμηνεία τους και να τις εντάξει στη φύση του ανθρώπου. Προς την ίδια κατεύθυνση κινείται και η αντιμετώπιση πτυχών της ρωμαϊκής μυθολογικής θρησκείας: αντιμετωπίζονται κριτικά και εντάσσονται στην προσπάθειά του για τήρηση της πατρώας θρησκείας και επιβολή μιας συμπεριφοράς των πολιτών που θα συνάδει με τις αξίες και τις αρχές της πολιτείας.
Abstract
Although Cicero’s belief in Roman religion is evident in his political dialogues de re publica and de legibus, he does not hesitate to critically approach the uncritical belief in Roman mythology and mythological religion. It conceals mythological elements of the founding myth of Rome, challenges the deification of Romulus and subverts established traditions about the kings of Rome, choosing to give a rational interpretation of them and attributing them to human nature. The treatment of aspects of the Roman mythological religion moves in the same direction: they are treated critically and are part of Cicero’s effort to preserve the inherited religion and impose, for the citizens, a behaviour that will be in line with the values and principles of the state.
Medioevo greco Rivista di storia e filologia bizantina 21 (2021), 2021
I. Deligiannis, N. Tompros, «Modern Greek Heraldic Mottoes: A Revival of Classical or Classicizin... more I. Deligiannis, N. Tompros, «Modern Greek Heraldic Mottoes: A Revival of Classical or Classicizing Latin Language and Style», Medioevo greco Rivista di storia e filologia bizantina 21 (2021), p. 313-335, 531.
This study examines the heraldic mottoes (forty in number, originating from more than 1.220 coats of arms) composed in Latin and mostly owned by Greek families from 1204 to 1864 in territories formerly having belonged to the Byzantine and the Ottoman Empires (Athens, Peloponnesus, Chius, Naxos, Crete, Cyprus, Constantinople, Trebizond), as well as the Ionian Islands (Corfu, Zakynthos, Cephalonia). Their analysis shows that most of them appear to have a Classical provenance (in the form of excerpts from classical authors and texts, including Cicero, Horace, Ovid, Vergil, Plautus, Juvenal, etc.), while some derive from ecclesiastical and/or Christian texts and authors (Gregory of Nazianzus, John Chrysostom, the Psalms, etc.), some others can be traced to sources contemporary or chronologically closer to the families they owned them (Marcantonio Colonna, Miklos Zrinyi, Paolo Sarpi), whereas a few are per se compositions imitating the language and style of classical Latin. This intentional revival of classical or classicizing Latin served as a premeditated mechanism and method of the mottoes’ owners to identify themselves as members of an upper social and intellectual class, especially in areas where Venice or other western rulers had influenced the cultural and intellectual world of their subjects; it may also have been the result of the movement of archaeolatry under the influence of Renaissance classicism.
Medioevo greco. Rivista di storia e filologia bizantina, 2021
This study examines the heraldic mottoes (forty in number, originating from more than 1.220 coats... more This study examines the heraldic mottoes (forty in number, originating from more than 1.220 coats of arms) composed in Latin and mostly owned by Greek families from 1204 to 1864 in territories formerly having belonged to the Byzantine and the Ottoman Empires (Athens, Peloponnesus, Chius, Naxos, Crete, Cyprus, Constantinople, Trebizond), as well as the Ionian Islands (Corfu, Zakynthos, Cephalonia). Their analysis shows that most of them appear to have a Classical provenance (in the form of excerpts from Classical authors and texts, including Cicero, Horace, Ovid, Vergil, Plautus, Juvenal, etc.), while some derive from ecclesiastical and/or Christian texts and authors (Gregory of Nazianzus, John Chrysostom, the Psalms, etc.), some others can be traced to sources contemporary or chronologically closer to the families they owned them (Marcantonio Colonna, Miklos Zrinyi, Paolo Sarpi), whereas a few are per se compositions imitating the language and style of Classical Latin. This intentional revival of Classical or Classicizing Latin served as a premeditated mechanism and method of the mottoes’ owners to identify themselves as members of an upper social and intellectual class, especially in areas where Venice or other western rulers had influenced the cultural and intellectual world of their subjects, or was the result of the movement of archaeolatry under the influence of Renaissance Classicism.
Corpus Christianorum Lingua Patrum (CCLP 12B) Latin in Byzantium III: Post-Byzantine Latinitas. Latin in Post-Byzantine Scholarship (15th -19th Centuries), 2020
The successful introduction of Greek studies to Western Europe in the late fourteenth century was... more The successful introduction of Greek studies to Western Europe in the late fourteenth century was soon followed by Latin translations of numerous Greek texts produced by Western and Byzantine scholars of the time. The chapter focuses on the latter, especially the late and post-Byzantine scholars who arrived in Italy before and after the Fall of Constantinople and engaged in rendering classical, mediaeval or contemporary Greek texts, pagan and patristic, into Latin. Furthermore, it traces the diffusion of their Latin versions that were printed from the mid-fifteenth to late sixteenth century. All the versions that reached at least one printing house until 1600 are reviewed, along with any possible geographical and chronological fluctuations. The discussion of their editions leads to conclusions on the texts and authors that appealed mostly to the scholars of the time, the most influential translators, the European printing centres and their shifts over time, the printers and their preferences in particular texts and translators, and other aspects related to the dissemination of these translations.
I paratesti nelle edizioni a stampa dei classici greci e latini (XV-XVIII sec.), 2020
One of the four manuscripts preserving Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Historie... more One of the four manuscripts preserving Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Histories, namely Florence, BML, ms. Acq. e Doni 130 (F), is fully annotated by its as-yet-unidentified scribe. While the marginal comments on the text cover a wide range of interests, there is a particular category of them consisting of references and allusions to classical literature, which are not to be found on the second annotated manuscript of the translation, namely Naples, BNN, ms. V.G.7. This group of scholia in F shows the established knowledge of the classical authors shown by its annotator. There are thirteen references to specific Greek and Latin authors and another seven that can be found and traced in them, including Aristotle, Virgil, Livy, Ovid, Valerius Maximus, Sallust, Juvenal, Cicero and Terence. The paper identifies these references and allusions in relation to Herodotus’ text, and examines the annotator’s preference to Livy as the Roman historian favoured also by Palmieri and matching Herodotus’ iucunditas and candor, as put by Quintilian in his Institutio Oratoria (10.1.101).
Rivista di Cultura Classica e Medioevale, 2020
There has been extensive study on Homer’s distinguished place in the Roman education, intellectua... more There has been extensive study on Homer’s distinguished place in the Roman education, intellectual and cultural life. However, studies focusing on the reception and use of Homer and his epics by Roman writers, even the major ones, are still limited. This study aims to identify and discuss the direct and indirect references to Homer and his work by one of the most acclaimed Roman writers, Seneca the Younger. As such, the analysis reveals significant aspects of Seneca’s appreciation of Homer as the Greeks’ greatest poet, the place of Homer in the education and general intellectual life of the Romans in the 1st cent. A.D., the quotation techniques employed by Seneca in embedding Homer in his writings (in the original Greek language, in translation, paraphrase, sense rendering, or allusion), and the purposes (for mocking his enemies, for reinforcing his argumentation, or as an exemplum) in doing so, which differentiate according to the content and purpose of each of Seneca’s works in which these quotations appear. Thus, this analysis offers an overall picture of the way in which Seneca perceived and used Homer in his writings.
Mediterranean Chronicle, 2019
This study examines the behavioural norms proposed by Cicero in Book Four of his political dialog... more This study examines the behavioural norms proposed by Cicero in Book Four of his political dialogue De re publica, which aim to shape and enforce a positive social identity for the Roman citizens, in order for the state to achieve its goal, the beata et honesta vita. The norms cover various aspects of public and private life, which contribute to building positive in-group relations and a collective social identity for Roman citizens. In the same time, their comparison with corresponding Greek institutions and behaviours strengthens the inter-group relations and differences between the Romans and Greeks, which contribute to consolidating a Roman national identity. Although the text of Book Four of the dialogue is preserved in a fragmentary condition, it provides sufficient information for Cicero’s conscious and consistent effort to impose a normative behaviour based on the mos maiorum and a sound and morally superior social and national identity that will allow the Roman society as a whole and the state as an institution to consolidate Rome’s leading role in the world and impose its position in it. The study also addresses two major issues related to Cicero’s political dialogues: a) the relationship between them and whether or not the laws proposed in De legibus were meant for the state as described in De re publica, and b) Cicero’s understanding of the idea of a ‘constitution’. It revises, supports or overturns recent scholarly opinions, and concludes that Cicero did not propose a certain constitutional change, but the norms proposed in the first dialogue as well as the laws of the second dialogue must be viewed within and as part of a broader political culture.
The Exemplary Hercules from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment and Beyond, 2020
The Latin translation of Prodikos’ tale of Herakles, as attested in Xenophon’s Memorabilia and ve... more The Latin translation of Prodikos’ tale of Herakles, as attested in Xenophon’s Memorabilia and versed into Latin by Sassolo da Prato in the fourth decade of the fifteenth century, is preceded by Sassolo’s dedicatory epistle to Alessandro Gonzaga, the youngest son of Gianfrancesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua. The image of the young Hercules conversing with Virtue and Pleasure dominates and defines the content of the epistle. Yet Sassolo’s focal point is not Hercules himself, but the comparison between Virtue and Pleasure. Sassolo uses the proximity of Hercules’ age to Alessandro’s as a pretext to build around it a strongly persuasive protreptic in favour of Virtue and against Pleasure. He makes subtle insinuations about the domestic events that troubled the House of Gonzaga between 1436 and 1441. Although Sassolo’s translation was originally dedicated to Alessandro Gonzaga, in an effort to deter him from abandoning his intellectual education and focusing on military glory, and was apparently meant to be Sassolo’s attempt at finding patronage under Alessandro, two manuscript copies of this very translation made in the early 1460s by the famous calligrapher Felice Feliciano reveal that the choice-making Hercules was used as an exemplary model for Alessandro’s nephew and future heir to the Marquisate of Mantua, Federico Gonzaga. One of these manuscripts (ms. Vat. Reg. Lat. 1388) – but possibly the other too (ms. Padua B.P. 1099), although it is mutilated – contains a miniature depicting a fully mature Hercules, holding his club and wearing his characteristic lion-skin, and at the same time standing between Virtue and Pleasure, looking distrustfully at the latter, while unconsciously leaning towards the former. The chapter studies the way in which Prodikos’ tale of Herakles was used for the exhortative instruction of princes of the ruling house of Mantua of two generations from the 1440s to the early 1460’s. Hercules was not used as a traditional heroic symbol, but it was his encounter with Virtue and Pleasure, the very focal point of Prodikos’ tale itself, that served this kind of instruction.
Investigating the Translation Process in Humanistic Latin Translations of Greek Texts. Proceedings of an International Conference, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, 28-29 April 2017 [Mediterranean Chronicle 7 (2017)], Corfu 2017,
Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Histories (15th cent.) has been preserved in fo... more Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Histories (15th cent.) has been preserved in four manuscripts, which appear to save three slightly different versions of the translation. The first version leaves out a number of verses untranslated and contains numerous Greek words transliterated in Latin, while in the other two versions the untranslated verses were fully translated and the transliterated readings were replaced by their Latin translations. Additionally, this version contains syntactical and grammatical anomalies, vocabulary and stylistic problems. Most of the corrections or improvements of the problematic readings of this version must have been made before the production of another two manuscripts, and must have been placed in the archetype codex from which the two manuscripts derived. The presence, however, of readings common in three out of the four witnesses in relation to readings of a fourth manuscript shows that the first revision must have been followed by a second one. The fourth manuscript seems to contain the last and most improved version of Palmieri’s translation. The latter must have been produced after a more careful comparison with the Greek text, because it leaves out a number of unnecessary additions to the Greek text found in the other versions. Also, the said version shows grammatical, syntactical, vocabulary and stylistic changes and improvements. In his dedicatory epistle to Cardinal Prospero Colonna, Palmieri clearly states the difficulties he encountered while working on Herodotus’ Ionian dialect; although none of the manuscripts of his translation is an autograph, the three versions of his translation, preserved in four codices, are witnesses of the way in which he managed to surpass the aforementioned difficulties, and reveal the way he worked to produce the final version of his translation.
Rivista di Cultura Classica e Medioevale, 2018
L. Lucceius’ reluctance in composing Cicero’s biographical encomium upon the latter’s request in ... more L. Lucceius’ reluctance in composing Cicero’s biographical encomium upon the latter’s request in an epistle from 56 BC (epist., 5, 12) might have been one of the reasons that prompted Cicero to include bits and pieces of his fabula rerum eventorum in his political dialogues, composed between two and four years later (54-50 BC). The personal information included in the fragmentary prooemia of his De re publica Books One, Three and Five, as well as in his De legibus must have compensated for not having received a positive answer from Lucceius by the time when he composed the two dialogues. The paper focuses on Cicero’s opinions on historiography, autobiography and self-praise in his epist., 5, 12 and his two political dialogues, as well as on the cases of the autobiographical and encomiastic references and comments made by himself both as the author of De re publica and as the author and the protagonist of De legibus, as well as the personae of his brother Quintus and their friend Atticus in the latter dialogue. Given his eagerness to have his achievements recorded as quickly as possible (as stated in epist., 5, 12), it should not be surprising that by late 50s BC he had turned himself into a quasi autobiographer, when opportunity allowed it. However, his ambition to praise himself did not limit him to mentioning the events of his consulship only, but he extended his self-praise to other aspects of his life as well, including his education, virtues and skills, his rhetorical and legal prowess, his piety, etc.
Medioevo e Rinascimento, 2016
In an attempt to justify his translation of Herodotus for Cardinal Prospero Colonna and given the... more In an attempt to justify his translation of Herodotus for Cardinal Prospero Colonna and given the deep-rooted criticism against the Greek historian, Mattia Palmieri dedicates a brief part of his prooemium-dedicatory epistle to compose an encomium for Herodotus. He refutes the points that Herodotus’ critics attacked him for (unreliability, prejudice and fabrication of events), while he praises his writing style, the vastness of the material recorded and Herodotus’ thoroughness in organizing it as well as the universal appreciation of his work by his contemporaries. Palmieri’s encomium echoes references to the authors-critics of Herodotus, notably Thucydides and Plutarch, but also to his most valiant defender, Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Although a reflection of Cicero’s Laws 1.5-8 is also noticeable, this is only used to provide Palmieri with a background for expressing his own theory on historiography, preparatory for his engagement with recording his contemporary events in his De bello italico and De temporibus suis.
Περίληψη Χωροχρονικές και σκηνικές εικόνες στους πολιτικούς διαλόγους του Κικέρωνος: λειτουργία ... more Περίληψη
Χωροχρονικές και σκηνικές εικόνες στους πολιτικούς διαλόγους του Κικέρωνος: λειτουργία και εικαστικές αποδόσεις τους
Στο άρθρο εξετάζονται οι περιγραφές και αναφορές των συμμετεχόντων στους δύο πολιτικούς διαλόγους του Κικέρωνος σε στοιχεία που αφορούν στον χώρο, τον χρόνο και τις συνθήκες διεξαγωγής τους. Τις αναφορές αυτές συνθέτουν οπτικές και ακουστικές εικόνες, οι οποίες εκτός της συμβολής τους στη σύνθεση του σκηνικού των διαλόγων, αποτελούν εν μέρει οργανικά στοιχεία στην εξέλιξη της επιχειρηματολογίας του Κικέρωνος. Τον ίδιο ρόλο φαίνεται να επιτελούν και οι σκηνικές περιγραφές συμμετεχόντων στους διαλόγους. Επιχειρείται επίσης σύγκριση των σκηνικών των διαλόγων με τα σκηνικά της Πολιτείας και των Νόμων του Πλάτωνος. Παρουσιάζονται τέλος οι εικαστικές αποδόσεις του σκηνικού των διαλόγων, δύο για τον De legibus (από τους Richard Wilson και Jacob More) και μία για τον De re publica (από την editio princeps του διαλόγου).
Abstract
Spatiotemporal and Scenic Images in Cicero’s political dialogues: Function and Depictions
The article studies the descriptions of and references to the fictional space, time and conditions of Cicero’s political dialogues (De re publica and De legibus), as made by the participants in them. These include visual and auditory images that not only contribute to the formation and conditions of the spatiotemporal setting in which the conversations of the participants allegedly took place, but are also linked to the content of the dialogues, and function as structural elements in the development of Cicero’s argumentation. The same applies to the scenic images and descriptions made by the dialogues’ interlocutors. A comparison between the spatiotemporal setting of Cicero’s dialogues and Plato’s Republic and Laws highlights and reveals their similarities and differences. The visual depictions of scenes of Cicero’s two dialogues – two depictions for De legibus (produced by Richard Wilson and Jacob More), and one for De re publica (on the frontispiece of the editio princeps of the dialogue) – are also briefly discussed.
Εγκώμια Ηγετικών Μορφών στη Λατινική Γραμματεία. Πρακτικά Συμποσίου Λατινικών Γραμμάτων. Λευκωσία, 13-14 Σεπτεμβρίου 2013, επιμ. Σ. Τζούνακας, Λευκωσία 2014 / Praises of Roman Leaders in Latin Literature. Proceedings of a Latin Symposium. Nicosia, 13-14 September 2013, ed. S. Tzounakas, Nicosia 2014
Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Histories is preserved in four fifteenth-centur... more Mattia Palmieri’s Latin translation of Herodotus’ Histories is preserved in four fifteenth-century manuscripts, which save four different versions corresponding to three revisions of the text made by the translator. The first and the second versions, preserved in an incomplete manuscript, have content, grammar, and syntax defects, most of which were corrected in a revision that led to the third version, preserved in two manuscripts and containing an improved text, which apparently was the one offered to Palmieri’s dedicatee, Cardinal Prospero Colonna. The fourth version, preserved in one manuscript, is believed to be the one prepared for publication, never realized. With reference to Palmieri’s translation, the paper approaches some methodological issues related to critically editing a text preserved in authorially revised versions, such as what their relationship to each other is, how an editor evaluates the various versions and decides which one(s) to give preference to, how the versions are presented in a critical edition, what should be the role of the Greek text and the manuscript(s) the translator might have used, etc.
Panel 12-(De)/(Re)-Constructing Race in the Ancient Mediterranean World: Perspectives from the Ma... more Panel 12-(De)/(Re)-Constructing Race in the Ancient Mediterranean World: Perspectives from the Margins of 'Classics' Lecture Block 3-NB: This panel will begin at 1:00pm.
Despite the ambivalence of the Roman society on human dignity and human rights, given that they p... more Despite the ambivalence of the Roman society on human dignity and human rights, given that they pertained mostly to free (male) citizens, marginally to women and foreigners, and hardly to slaves, Cicero’s philosophical and political dialogues offer an insight of the rights enjoyed by it. Starting with the concept of human rights as natural rights, i.e. based on and originating from the law of nature, in his political dialogue De legibus, Cicero defends human equality on and derives it from a number of similarities common to all people. This pioneering theory, albeit Stoic, becomes the pillar for the laws he proposes on religion and administration in Books Two and Three of De legibus. There, he makes references to the respect of religion and religious tolerance even for women and slaves, human dignity after death and protection of the sanctity of human remains, the established rights to legal appeal and fair trial, the respect and protection of people’s will and equality to law. While some of these concepts are also, though thinly, discussed in his De re publica, there are furthermore some other rights related to the promotion and protection of human dignity discussed in this dialogue, including the abolition of nexus, i.e. the personal obligation of a debtor, the right to property, and others. Although the term “human dignity” is allegedly attested in De officiis, a philosophical work of his later production, there is no doubt that while discussing the Roman state and society in his political dialogues, Cicero does not fail to address Roman civil and political rights of his time and even long before that, which unquestionably promote the idea of human dignity within the civil limitations of the Roman society and legal system.
4ο ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗΣ ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΑΣ – ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗ ΗΘΙΚΗ & ΔΙΕΘΝΕΙΣ ΣΧΕΣΕΙΣ 25-27 ΣΕΠΤΕΜΒΡΙΟΥ 2020, ΚΑΒΑΛΑ, 2020
Ένα απόσπασμα από το Τρίτο Βιβλίο του πρώτου πολιτικού διαλόγου του Κικέρωνα, De re publica (3.35... more Ένα απόσπασμα από το Τρίτο Βιβλίο του πρώτου πολιτικού διαλόγου του Κικέρωνα, De re publica (3.35: «Ο δικός μας λαός όμως, υπερασπιζόμενος τους συμμάχους του, έχει γίνει τώρα κυρίαρχος όλου του κόσμου»), φαίνεται να αποκρυσταλλώνει την πολιτική θέση του ίδιου και, ενδεχομένως, των συγχρόνων του για τη σχέση αλληλεξάρτησης της Ρώμης με τους συμμάχους της και τον ουσιώδη ρόλο των δεύτερων στην επίτευξη της κυριαρχίας της πρώτης. Στο ίδιο Βιβλίο ο Κικέρων πραγματεύεται εν συντομία (όπως προκύπτει από τα διασωθέντα αποσπάσματα) τη δικαιοσύνη και την ηθική ως αρχές που οφείλουν να χαρακτηρίζουν και να διέπουν τις σχέσεις της Ρώμης με τους συμμάχους της, αρχές επάνω στις οποίες βασίζει τον νόμο που διατυπώνει στο Τρίτο Βιβλίο του δεύτερου πολιτικού διαλόγου του, De legibus, με αναφορά στη διεξαγωγή θεμιτών πολέμων από τους Ρωμαίους και δίκαιης αντιμετώπισης των αντιπάλων τους. Οι απόψεις που εκφράζει ο Κικέρων στους δύο πολιτικούς διαλόγους του για την άσκηση της εξωτερικής πολιτικής της Ρώμης της περιόδου της Ύστερης Δημοκρατίας χαρακτηρίζονται από την ενδεχομένως ουτοπική, αλλά σε κάθε περίπτωση αιτιολογημένη πεποίθησή του ότι μόνο η άσκησης μιας δίκαιης και ηθικής εξωτερικής πολιτικής – βασισμένης εντούτοις στο εκ φύσεως δίκαιο του ισχυρού – μπορεί να εξασφαλίσει την μακροβιότητα της κυριαρχίας της Ρώμης.
10ο Πανελλήνιο Συμπόσιο Λατινικών Σπουδών (2-4 Σεπτεμβρίου 2020)
Μολονότι η πίστη του Κικέρωνα προς τη ρωµαϊκή θρησκεία είναι έκδηλη στους πολιτικούς διαλόγους το... more Μολονότι η πίστη του Κικέρωνα προς τη ρωµαϊκή θρησκεία είναι έκδηλη στους πολιτικούς διαλόγους του De re publica και De legibus, καθώς τη θεωρεί έναν από τους στυλοβάτες της ρωµαϊκής πολιτείας και παράγοντα για την εύρυθµη λειτουργία της, δεν διστάζει να προσεγγίσει κριτικά την άκριτη πίστη στη ρωµαϊκή µυθολογία και τη µυθολογική θρησκεία. Αποσιωπά πολλά µυθολογικά στοιχεία του ιδρυτικού µύθου της Ρώµης, αµφισβητεί τη θεοποίηση του Ρωµύλου συνδέοντάς τη µε την περί της ψυχής θεωρία του, και ανατρέπει µύθους και παγιωµένες παραδόσεις για τους βασιλείς της Ρώµης. Ακόµη και για παραδόσεις που βρίσκονται στο µεταίχµιο µεταξύ µύθου και ιστορίας, επιλέγει να δώσει µία ορθολογική ερµηνεία τους και να τις εντάξει στην εν γένει φύση του ανθρώπου. Προς την ίδια κατεύθυνση κινείται και η αντιµετώπιση πτυχών της ρωµαϊκής θρησκείας που άπτονται της µυθολογίας: θεοί, θεοποιηµένοι ήρωες και αρετές που ανήκουν παραδοσιακά στη ρωµαϊκή µυθολογική θρησκεία δεν παραβλέπονται, αλλά αντιµετωπίζονται κριτικά και εντάσσονται στην προσπάθεια του Κικέρωνα για τήρηση της πατρώας θρησκείας και επιβολή µιας συµπεριφοράς των πολιτών που θα συνάδει µε τις αξίες και τις αρχές της πολιτείας
The first two centuries of the Roman Empire experienced a passionate interest in collecting and c... more The first two centuries of the Roman Empire experienced a passionate interest in collecting and classifying information on a variety of issues and objects to be used as exempla mostly at the schools of rhetoric and for educational purposes. Two of the most acclaimed Roman authors who engaged in this sort of writing were Valerius Maximus and Aulus Gellius. The paper will focus on the reception of Thrace and its peoples by the aforementioned authors within the framework of what may be called Roman Encyclopaedia. Among the questions addressed in the paper will be the following: 1) What kind of information on Thrace they included in their writings? 2) How much were they informed about Thrace? 3) Where did they get their information? 4) How accurate or inaccurate this information might have been? 5) What was the purpose of this information? 6) Was it factual, historical or mythological? 7) Are there are references to the topography, characters, modes of life, and/or specific people of the area? Although the biographical data for both authors are limited, and despite the indications that they both spent some time in Greece – not in Thrace specifically, they both appear to reproduce information and material extracted from earlier sources about a stereotypical image of Thrace and its peoples.
Mattia Palmieri's Latin translation of Herodotus' Histories (15 th cent.) has been preserved in f... more Mattia Palmieri's Latin translation of Herodotus' Histories (15 th cent.) has been preserved in four manuscripts, which appear to save three slightly different versions of the translation. The first version leaves out a number of verses untranslated and contains numerous Greek words transliterated in Latin, while in the other two versions the untranslated verses were fully translated and the transliterated readings were replaced by their Latin translations. Additionally, this version contains syntactical and grammatical anomalies, vocabulary and stylistic problems. Most of the corrections or improvements of the problematic readings of this version must have been made before the production of another two manuscripts, and must have been placed in the archetype codex from which the two manuscripts derived. The presence, however, of readings common in three out of the four witnesses in relation to readings of a fourth manuscript shows that the first revision must have been followed by a second one. The fourth manuscript seems to contain the last and most improved version of Palmieri's translation. The latter must have been produced after a more careful comparison with the Greek text, because it leaves out a number of unnecessary additions to the Greek text found in the other versions. Also, the said version shows grammatical, syntactical, vocabulary and stylistic changes and improvements. In his dedicatory epistle to Cardinal Prospero Colonna, Palmieri clearly states the difficulties he encountered while working on Herodotus' Ionian dialect; although none of the manuscripts of his translation is an autograph, the three versions of his translation, preserved in four codices, are witnesses of the way in which he managed to surpass the aforementioned difficulties, and reveal the way he worked to produce the final version of his translation.
Lucceius’ reluctance in composing Cicero’s biographical encomium upon the latter’s request in an ... more Lucceius’ reluctance in composing Cicero’s biographical encomium upon the latter’s request in an epistle from 56 BC (Fam. 5.12) must have prompted Cicero to include bits and pieces of his fabula rerum eventorum in his political dialogues, composed between two and four years later (54-50 BC). The personal information included in the fragmentary prooemia of his De re publica Books One, Three and Five, as well as in his De legibus must have compensated for not having received a positive answer from Lucceius by the time when he composed the two dialogues. The paper will focus on Cicero’s opinions on historiography, autobiography and self-praise in his Fam. 5.12 and his two political dialogues, as well as on the cases of the autobiographical and encomiastic references and comments made by himself both as the author of De re publica and as the author and the protagonist of De legibus, as well as the personae of his brother Quintus and their friend Atticus in the latter dialogue. Given his eagerness to have his achievements recorded as quickly as possible (as stated in Fam. 5.12), it should not be surprising that by late 50s BC he had turned himself into a quasi autobiographer, when opportunity allowed it. However, his ambition to praise himself did not limit him to mentioning the events of his consulship only, but he extended his self-praise to other aspects of his life as well, including his education, virtues and skills, his rhetorical and legal prowess, his piety etc.
Cic. Rep. 4: A Guidebook for the Formation of a Normative Positive Social Behaviour and a Nationa... more Cic. Rep. 4: A Guidebook for the Formation of a Normative Positive Social Behaviour and a National Identity
The paper examines the behavioural norms proposed by Cicero in Book Four of his political dialogue De re publica, which aim to shape and enforce a positive social identity of Roman citizens, in order for the state to achieve its goal, the beata et honesta vita. The norms cover various aspects of public and private life, such as children’s education, women’s behaviour and men’s role in these activities, disputes between citizens, observance of ancestral religious rituals, the instructive role of the theatre and other aspects of life that contribute to building positive in-group relations and a collective social identity for Roman citizens. In the same time, the comparison with corresponding Greek institutions and behaviours consolidate inter-group relations and differences between the Romans and Greeks, which contribute to consolidating a Roman national identity. Although the text of Book Four of the dialogue is preserved in a fragmentary condition, it provides sufficient information for Cicero’s conscious and consistent effort to impose a normative behaviour based on mos maiorum and a sound and morally superior social and national identity that will allow the Roman society as a whole and the state as an institution to consolidate Rome’s leading role in the world and impose its position in it.
Στην ανακοίνωση εξετάζονται οι κανονιστικές αρχές που προτείνει ο Κικέρων στο Τέταρτο Βιβλίο του πολιτικού διαλόγου του De re publica και οι οποίες αποσκοπούν στη διαμόρφωση μιας θετικής κοινωνικής ταυτότητας των ελεύθερων πολιτών της Ρώμης, προκειμένου να επιτευχθεί ο στόχος της πολιτείας, η beata et honesta vita. Οι αρχές αυτές καλύπτουν διάφορες εκφάνσεις του δημόσιου και ιδιωτικού βίου των Ρωμαίων πολιτών, όπως η εκπαίδευση των παιδιών, η συμπεριφορά των γυναικών και ο ρόλος των ανδρών σε αυτές τις δράσεις, οι επίλυση διαφορών μεταξύ των πολιτών, η τήρηση των πατρώων θρησκευτικών τελετουργιών, ο παιδευτικός ρόλος του θεάτρου και άλλες πτυχές του βίου που συμβάλλουν στην οικοδόμηση θετικών ενδο-ομαδικών σχέσεων και μιας συλλογικής κοινωνικής ταυτότητας για τους Ρωμαίους πολίτες. Παράλληλα η σύγκριση με αντίστοιχους θεσμούς και συμπεριφορές των Ελλήνων παγιώνουν τις δι-ομαδικές σχέσεις και διαφορές μεταξύ Ρωμαίων και Ελλήνων, οι οποίες συμβάλλουν στην εδραίωση της εθνικής ρωμαϊκής ταυτότητας. Αν και αποσπασματικά σωσμένο το κείμενο του Τετάρτου Βιβλίου του διαλόγου, παρέχει επαρκή στοιχεία για τη συνειδητή και επίμονη προσπάθεια του Κικέρωνος να επιβάλει μια κανονιστική συμπεριφορά βασισμένη στο mos maiorum και μία υγιή και ηθικά ανώτερη κοινωνική και εθνική ταυτότητα που θα επέτρεπε στη ρωμαϊκή κοινωνία ως σύνολο και την πολιτεία ως θεσμό να εδραιώσει τον ηγετικό ρόλο της και να επιβάλει τη θέση της στον κόσμο.
Imagines: Εικόνες στη Λατινική Γραμματεία. Συνέδριο Λατινικής Φιλολογίας. Οργανωτές: Σ. Τζούνακας... more Imagines: Εικόνες στη Λατινική Γραμματεία. Συνέδριο Λατινικής Φιλολογίας. Οργανωτές: Σ. Τζούνακας - Χ. Δημητρίου. Τμήμα Κλασικών Σπουδών και Φιλοσοφίας, Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου, Λευκωσία 6-7 Φεβρουαρίου 2015.
The Athens Review of Books, 2022
The Athens Review of Books, 2021
Epistemes Metron Logos, 2018
The Athens Review of Books, 2018
Villa (ed.), Il ritorno dei classici nell'Umanesimo: studi in memoria di Gianvito Resta. Firenze:... more Villa (ed.), Il ritorno dei classici nell'Umanesimo: studi in memoria di Gianvito Resta. Firenze: SISMEL Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2015. Pp. xxxi, 699. ISBN 9788884504777. €75.00 (pb).
Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2010.09.02 Mariarosa Cortesi, Silvia Fiaschi (ed.), Repertorio delle t... more Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2010.09.02 Mariarosa Cortesi, Silvia Fiaschi (ed.), Repertorio delle traduzioni umanistiche a stampa: secoli XV -XVI. (2 vols.) Edizione nazionale delle traduzioni dei testi greci in età umanistica e rinascimentale 5. Firenze: SISMEL edizioni del Galluzzo, 2008. Pp. lxxviii, 1846. ISBN 9788884503237. €240.00. Reviewed by Ioannis Deligiannis, Research Centre for Greek and Latin Literature of the Academy of Athens, Greece (deligiannis@academyofathens.gr)
Ο Μάρκος Τύλλιος Κικέρων (106-43 π.Χ.) θεωρείται ο σημαντικότερος Ρωμαίος ρήτορας και συγγραφέας ... more Ο Μάρκος Τύλλιος Κικέρων (106-43 π.Χ.) θεωρείται ο σημαντικότερος Ρωμαίος ρήτορας και συγγραφέας της περιόδου της Ύστερης Δημοκρατίας. Στις φιλοσοφικές πραγματείες του συγκαταλέγονται οι δύο πολιτικοί διάλογοί του, De re publica (Περί Πολιτείας) και De legibus (Περί Νόμων), οι οποίοι γράφτηκαν στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του 50 π.Χ. κατά μίμηση των διαλόγων του Πλάτωνος Πολιτεία και Νόμοι. Στον πρώτο, σε έξι Βιβλία, εκθέτει τις απόψεις του περί του ιδανικού πολιτεύματος και του ιδανικού πολίτη, και στον δεύτερο, σε τρία Βιβλία, παρουσιάζει τη νομική θεωρία της εποχής του και τους άριστους νόμους για τη ρωμαϊκή πολιτεία.
Στο Προοίμιο του Τρίτου Βιβλίου του De re publica ο Κικέρων ασχολείται με τις δυνάμεις και τις δυνατότητες του ανθρώπινου νου και τις αρχές του ανθρώπινου πολιτισμού, ο οποίος φτάνει στο αποκορύφωμά του στην εξέλιξη της πολιτικής τέχνης. Στα σωζόμενα αποσπάσματα πραγματεύεται το θέμα της εκ φύσεως αδυναμίας του ανθρώπου έναντι των άλλων ζώων, την οποία ο άνθρωπος ξεπερνά χάρη στην ευφυΐα του και στην πνευματική δύναμη που διαθέτει. Αυτή ακριβώς η ευφυΐα και πνευματική δύναμη του ανθρώπου μετέτρεψαν μέσω μιας φυσικής διαδικασίας τις άναρθρες και συγκεχυμένες κραυγές του πρώτου ανθρώπου σε sermo, σε έναρθρο λόγο, ο οποίος συνέβαλε ως iucundissimum vinculum, ως ο πλέον ευχάριστος και γλυκός δεσμός, στην κοινωνικοποίηση του ανθρώπου, άρα στη διαμόρφωση ανθρώπινων κοινωνιών και πολιτειών. Η γραπτή απόδοση του έναρθρου λόγου, των ήχων της φωνής δηλαδή, διά σημείων και συμβόλων, άρα η εφεύρεση της γραφής, αρχικά κάλυψε κάποιες σημαντικές ανάγκες της ανθρώπινης κοινωνικότητας, όπως την εξ αποστάσεως επικοινωνία, την έγγραφη έκφραση εντολών και επιθυμιών, και την καταγραφή αξιομνημόνευτων γεγονότων. Ο λόγος στην εξέλιξή του σε ρητορική τέχνη συνέβαλε στην οργάνωση και στην εύρυθμη λειτουργία των πολιτειών, καθώς και στην ενίσχυση των δεσμών μεταξύ των μελών τους. Άρα, ο λόγος – προφορικός και γραπτός – συνετέλεσε στην εξέλιξη του ανθρώπου από άλογο ζώο σε κοινωνικό και πολιτικό ον, στον εκπολιτισμό του, και στην ύψιστη – για τον Κικέρωνα – έκφραση του ανθρώπινου πολιτισμού, δηλ. στην οργάνωση και λειτουργία των πολιτειών.
Για την ανασύσταση των αποσπασματικά σωσμένων επιχειρημάτων του Κικέρωνος στον De re publica διάλογο, συνεξετάζονται οι απόψεις του για τα ίδια ζητήματα στον De legibus διάλογό του, καθώς και οι θεωρίες Ελλήνων φιλοσόφων και θεωρητικών της πολιτικής, όπως του Πλάτωνος και του Αριστοτέλους.
The successful introduction of Lucian and his works to Italy and Western Europe in the late 14th ... more The successful introduction of Lucian and his works to Italy and Western Europe in the late 14th cent. by M. Chrysoloras was soon followed by numerous Latin translations of his works, which covered more than one third of his corpus by the end of the 15th cent. Prominent scholars of the time, such as Guarino Guarini daVerona, Giovanni Aurispa, Poggio Bracciolini, Lapo da Castiglionchio the Younger, Francesco Griffolini d’Arezzo, Cristoforo Persona and many others, translated a significant part of Lucian’s works into Latin, while in many cases more than one versions of the same text were produced and circulated at the same time. These Latin translations of Lucian produced by the end of the 15th cent., which are either still in manuscript or were printed at least once or, occasionally, in more times, will be the focal point of the presentation. Other issues that will be discussed are the relationships among the translations (e.g., cases of plagiarism) and the translators, the dissemination and circulation of the Latin versions, the printing centres of Lucian’s translations in Italy and outside Italy as well, and finally the impact they had on the literary and artistic production of the time in the form of, e.g., imitation of Lucian’s works or artistic depictions based on his texts.
Il successo dell'introduzione di Luciano e delle sue opere in Italia e in Europa Occidentale verso la fine del Trecento da M. Crisolora è stato seguito presto da numerose traduzioni latine delle sue opere, che hanno coperto più di un terzo del suo corpus entro la fine del Quattrocento. Eminenti studiosi del tempo, come Guarino Guarini da Verona, Giovanni Aurispa, Poggio Bracciolini, Francesco Griffolini d’Arezzo, Cristoforo Persona, Lapo da Castiglionchio il Giovane e molti altri, hanno tradotto in latino una parte significativa delle opere di Luciano, mentre in molti casi più di una versione dello stesso testo sono prodotte, diffuse e circolate allo stesso tempo. Queste traduzioni latine di Luciano, fatte entro la fine del Quattrocento, che sono ancora in manoscritti o sono state stampate almeno una volta o, occasionalmente, più volte, saranno il punto focale del intervento. Altre questioni che saranno discusse sono le relazioni tra le traduzioni (per esempio, casi di plagio) e i traduttori, la diffusione e la circolazione delle versioni latine, i centri di stampa delle traduzioni di Luciano in Italia e all'estero, e infine l'impatto e l’influenza che queste traduzioni hanno esercitato sulla produzione letteraria e artistica del tempo in forma, per esempio, dell'imitazione delle opere di Luciano o produzioni artistiche basate sui suoi testi.
Σύντομη επισκόπηση των εκδοτικών προβλημάτων της λατινικής μετάφρασης των Ιστοριών του Ηροδότου α... more Σύντομη επισκόπηση των εκδοτικών προβλημάτων της λατινικής μετάφρασης των Ιστοριών του Ηροδότου από τον M. Palmieri, των χειρογράφων της, της χρονολόγησής της καθώς και των σχολίων που απαντούν στο χφ. Νάπολη, Biblioteca Nazionale, V G 7: της φύσης, του περιεχομένου και του σκοπού τους.
Τετάρτη, 12 Νοεμβρίου 2014. Στο πλαίσιο του Colloquium (Research Seminar) του Τμήματος Ελληνικ΄ςη Φιλολογίας του Δ.Π.Θ.
Με αφορμή τον μύθο του Ρωμύλου και του Ρέμου, όπως παραδίδεται από τον ιστορικό Τίτο Λίβιο (A.U.C... more Με αφορμή τον μύθο του Ρωμύλου και του Ρέμου, όπως παραδίδεται από τον ιστορικό Τίτο Λίβιο (A.U.C. 1.4.2-1.7.3), παρουσιάζονται ποικίλες μορφές της πρόσληψής του, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην εικαστική απόδοσή του. Κυριαρχεί η εικόνα της λύκαινας και των διδύμων, η οποία παραδοσιακά τοποθετείται ήδη στον 5ο αι. π.Χ. και συνεχίζει να εμπνέει καλλιτέχνες και δημιουργούς μέχρι και σήμερα. Στην παρουσίαση εξετάζονται δείγματα απόδοσης-πρόσληψης του μύθου από τον χώρο της νομισματικής, της γλυπτικής (καλλιτεχνικής, αλλά και σε αντικείμενα καθημερινής χρήσης), του ψηφιδωτού, της μικρογραφίας χειρογράφων, της χαρακτικής, της ζωγραφικής, κ.ά. Γίνεται επίσης αναφορά στη χρήση του μύθου ως πολιτικού μέσου, ως κωμικού στοιχείου σε σκίτσα χιουμοριστικού περιεχομένου, αλλά και πολιτικής και κοινωνικής φύσης, στη μίμησή του ή στην έμπνευση που μπορεί να παρείχε σε νεότερους καλλιτέχνες, στη διαφήμιση κ.α. Τέλος θα προβληθούν σύντομα, αλλά χαρακτηριστικά αποσπάσματα από κινηματογραφικές ταινίες εμπνευσμένες από τον μύθο ή βασισμένες σε αυτόν, όπως και αποσπάσματα από σύγχρονα μουσικοχορευτικά έργα (μιούζικαλ και όπερα) με σχετικό θέμα.
Τρίτη, 11 Νοεμβρίου 2014. Στο πλαίσιο της συμμετοχής του Τμήματος Ελληνικής Φιλολογίας στους εορτασμούς για τα 40 χρόνια του Δημοκρίτειου Πανεπιστημίου Θράκης.
In 2021 it will be 2100 years since Cicero’s trip to Greece in 79 BCE, which was a significant fa... more In 2021 it will be 2100 years since Cicero’s trip to Greece in 79 BCE, which was a significant factor in moulding him as an orator, philosopher and politician. This provides the opportunity to put together new and unpublished material on Cicero’s presence in Greece literally, namely for the years he spent in nowadays Modern Greek territory, including his aforementioned travel in 79/78 BCE and the period of his exile in 58/57 BCE, and metaphorically, that is the reception of Cicero in Late Roman, Byzantine, Post-Byzantine, Early Modern, and Modern Greece through translations, studies, imitations, etc. It is also an opportunity to approach from a new point of view the presence of Greece in Cicero, namely how the Greek world, people, language, civilisation, history, philosophy, politics and political theory, religion, geography, etc. appear in his work.
Abstracts for proposed submissions are invited on any of the aforementioned topics. Diverse, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and other approaches to the material are welcome and encouraged. Early career researchers are also encouraged to apply.
Το Τμήμα Ελληνικής Φιλολογίας (ΤΕΦ) του Δημοκριτείου Πανεπιστημίου Θράκης (ΔΠΘ) διοργανώνει Θεριν... more Το Τμήμα Ελληνικής Φιλολογίας (ΤΕΦ) του Δημοκριτείου Πανεπιστημίου Θράκης (ΔΠΘ) διοργανώνει Θερινό Σχολείο (ΘΣ) με θέμα «Μυθολογικές Διαδρομές στην Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη», το οποίο θα διεξαχθεί διά ζώσης από 10 έως 16 Ιουλίου 2022 στο νησί της Θάσου. Το ΘΣ διοργανώνεται στο πλαίσιο υλοποίησης του Ερευνητικού Προγράμματος «Μυθολογικές Διαδρομές στην Ανατολική Μακεδονία και Θράκη» (ΟΠΣ: 5047101), το οποίο διεξάγει το ΤΕΦ/ΔΠΘ σε συνεργασία με το Ινστιτούτο Επεξεργασίας του Λόγου/Ερευνητικό Κέντρο «ΑΘΗΝΑ».
The Department of Greek Philology at Democritus University of Thrace organizes the Summer School “Mythological Routes in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace”, which will be held live from 10 to 16 July 2022 on the island of Thassos. The Summer School is organized within the framework of the implementation of the Research Project “Mythological Routes in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace” (MIS: 5047101), co-financed by Greece and the European Union and run by the Department of Greek Philology at Democritus University of Thrace in collaboration with the Institute of Language and Speech Processing/“ATHENA” RC.