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意味・対訳 …君、…殿、…様、スペイン紳士、スペイン人、学監、個人指導教師、特別研究員、大学教師、ドン
音節Don 発音記号・読み方
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Don
音節Don発音記号・読み方dɑ́n|dɔ́n
名詞
don
音節don発音記号・読み方dɑ́n|dɔ́n
名詞
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Don
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Don.
-don
don
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/12 22:18 UTC 版)
発音
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /dɒn/
- (General American) IPA: /dɑn/
- 異形同音異義語: Don; dawn (cot–caught merger)
- 韻: -ɒn
名詞
- (UK) A university professor, particularly one at Oxford or Cambridge.
- (Canada) An employee of a university residence who lives among the student residents.
- A mafia boss, primarily for Italian or Italian American bosses.
- A (usually Spanish or Italian) title of respect to a man, especially a lord or nobleman.
Coordinate term: donna - (MLE) Any man, bloke, dude.
Synonym: donny
派生語
参考
- ram-don (etymologically unrelated)
動詞
dōn
- to do
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Iċ dyde swā iċ meahte.
I did what I could. - c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 17:12
- late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 41:55
- c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
- to make, cause
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Passion of St. Bartholomew the Apostle"
- c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 3:3
- c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 4:19
- late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 42:36
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"
Swā swā hī ǣr mid nette fixodon on sǣlicum ȳðum, swā dyde Crist þæt hī siððan mid his heofonlīcan lāre manna sāwla ġefixodon; forðan ðe hī ætbrūdon folces menn fram flǣsclīcum lustum, and fram woruldlīcum ġedwyldum tō staðolfæstnysse lybbendra eorðan, þæt is tō ðām ēċan ēðle, be ðām cwæð sē witega þurh Godes Gāst, "Iċ āsende mīne fisċeras, and hī ġefixiað hī; mīne huntan, and hī huntiað hī of ǣlċere dūne and of ǣlċere hylle."
As they before with a net had fished on the sea waves, so Christ caused them afterwards by his heavenly lore to fish for the souls of men; for they withdrew the people from fleshly lusts, and from worldly errors to the stability of the earth of the living, that is, to the eternal country, of which the prophet, through God's Spirit, said, "I will send my fishers, and they shall fish for them; my hunters, and they shall hunt them from every down and from every hill." - late 10th century, Ælfric, "Memory of the Saints"
- to put
- to add
- c. 1011, Byrhtferth, Manual:
Blōtmōnaþ hæfþ seofon rēgulārēs. Dō þrītiġ þǣr tō, þonne bēoþ þæt seofon and þrītiġ.
November has seven regulares. Add thirty to that, and it is thirty-seven.
- c. 1011, Byrhtferth, Manual:
- to take off, remove
- late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Exodus 3:5
- to treat someone (+ dative) a certain way
- c. 973, Æthelwold, translation of the Rule of Saint Benedict
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
- c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 16:19
- to give (+dative)
- (pro-verb) Used to refer back to an earlier verb to avoid repetition.
使用する際の注意点
- Old English does not have do-support. While dōn does have auxiliary function in Old English, such uses are purely causative, equivalent to modern "to make" or "to cause to" (as per sense 2 above). Therefore, when asking "do you hate me?", one would say hatast þū mē? (literally "hatest thou me?"), not dēst þū mē hatian? (which would instead mean "do you make me hate?").
- There are some emphatic uses of dōn that bear some resemblance to do-support constructions, often involving the ǣġþer ġe ("both ... and ...") construction and other verbs in apposition, although the apposed verbs are finite rather than infinitives. In such contexts, dōn is generally better translated with "to be", and the apposed verbs with participles or adjectives as necessary: sē catt dēþ ǣġþer ġe slǣpð ġe wacaþ ("the cat is both asleep and awake", or if translated with do-support, "the cat does both sleep and be awake").
Conjugation
派生語
派生した語
- Middle English: don, do, donne, doon, doyn
参照
- Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “don”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
動詞
don (third-person singular simple present doth, present participle doynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative dide, past participle **don)
- To do, perform (an activity)
- To complete, finish
- To make, create
- To put, place, position, raise
- To remove, take away
- To go or move (in a specified direction)
- To behave (in a specified manner)
- (auxiliary) To cause (an action or state)
- (auxiliary) Emphasises the verb that follows it
- (auxiliary) Stands in for a verb in a dependent clause
Conjugation
Conjugation of don (irregular)
| infinitive | (to) don, do | |
|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | |
| 1st-person singular | do | dide |
| 2nd-person singular | dost, dest | didest, dide |
| 3rd-person singular | doth, deth | dide |
| subjunctive singular | do | |
| imperative singular | — | |
| plural | don, do | diden, dide |
| imperative plural | doth, do | — |
| participles | doynge, donde | don, do, ydon, ydo |
派生した語
参照
- “dọ̄n, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 12 March 2018.
- Wright, Joseph; Wright, Elizabeth Mary (1928) [1923], “Chapter X: Verbs”, in An elementary middle English grammar, second edition, London: Oxford University Press, →OCLC, § 441, page 203; reprinted 1957.
Conjugation
参照
- “don, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
語源 3
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