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語源
From Middle English oversetten (“to set over, upset”), from 古期英語 ofersettan (“to set over, install, conquer, overcome”), from Proto-West Germanic *ubarsattjan (“to set または place over, install, establish”), equivalent to over- + set. Compare Saterland Frisian uursätte (“to cross over, translate”), West Frisian oersette (“to translate”), Dutch overzetten (“to ferry, transport, translate”), German übersetzen (“to cross over, translate”), Swedish översätta (“to translate”).
動詞
overset (三人称単数 現在形 oversets, 現在分詞 oversetting, 過去形および過去分詞形 **overset)
- (obsolete) To set over (something); to cover.
- (intransitive) To turn, or to be turned, over; to be upset; to capsize.
- 1766, Thomas Mortimer, A New History of England, London: J. Wilson and J. Fell, Volume 3, Part 13, “George II. A.D. 1727,” p. 596,[1]
[…] the barge was hoisted out for the preservation of the admiral, who entered it accordingly; but all distinction of persons being now abolished, the seamen rushed into it in such crowds, that in a few moments it overset.
- 1766, Thomas Mortimer, A New History of England, London: J. Wilson and J. Fell, Volume 3, Part 13, “George II. A.D. 1727,” p. 596,[1]
- (transitive) To knock over, capsize, overturn.
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
In one little body
Thou counterfeit’st a bark, a sea, a wind;
For still thy eyes, which I may call the sea,
Do ebb and flow with tears; the bark thy body is,
Sailing in this salt flood; the winds, thy sighs;
Who, raging with thy tears, and they with them,
Without a sudden calm, will overset
Thy tempest-tossed body. - 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author Gives Some Account of Himself and Family, His First Inducements to Travel. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part I (A Voyage to Lilliput), page 6:
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
- (obsolete) To overwhelm; to overthrow, defeat.
- (transitive) To physically disturb (someone); to make nauseous, upset.
- (now rare) To unbalance (a situation, state etc.); to confuse, to put into disarray.
- 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 3, p. 74,[3]
Amidst the calm produced by the treaty an event took place which had nearly overset the whole negotiation. - 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “XIII, "Democracy"”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book III (The Modern Worker):
- 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 3, p. 74,[3]
- (printing) to set (type または copy) in excess of what is needed; to set too much type for a given space.
- (transitive, rare) To translate.
- To overfill.
- 1646, James Howell, letter to Henry Hopkins dated 1 January, 1646 in Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ: The Familiar Letters of James Howell, Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1907, Volume 4, p. 17,[4]
[Tobacco] is a good companion to one that converseth with dead men, for if one hath been poring long upon a book, or is toiled with the pen and stupefied with study, it quickeneth him, and dispels those clouds that usually overset the brain.
- 1646, James Howell, letter to Henry Hopkins dated 1 January, 1646 in Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ: The Familiar Letters of James Howell, Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1907, Volume 4, p. 17,[4]
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