太 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

See also: 大 and 犬

Stroke order
4 strokes
Stroke order

太 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大戈 (KI), four-corner 40030, composition ⿵大丶)

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | -------------------------- | | 馱 | *daːl, *daːds | | 大 | *daːds, *daːds | | 忕 | *tʰaːds, *daːds, *djads | | 太 | *tʰaːds | | 汰 | *tʰaːds | | 汏 | *daːds, *tʰaːd | | 軑 | *daːds, *deːds | | 釱 | *daːds, *deːds | | 达 | *tʰeːds | | 杕 | *deːds |

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːds) : phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big; great”) + semantic 丶 – excessive.

simp. and trad. 太
alternative forms 冭

A superlative derivative of 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big”) – be too great, very great, excessive.

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 太
Reading # 1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) tài
MiddleChinese ‹ thajH ›
OldChinese /*l̥ˁa[t]-s/
English great
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 太
Reading # 1/1
No. 1937
Phoneticcomponent 大
Rimegroup 祭
Rimesubdivision 1
CorrespondingMC rime 泰
OldChinese /*tʰaːds/

太

  1. too; so (modifying adjectives; often used with 了 (le) at the end of the sentence for emphasis)
    太熱了！／太热了！ ― Tài rè le! ― It's so hot!
    別吃太多派。／别吃太多派。 ― Bié chī tài duō pài. ― Don't eat too much pie.
  2. (usually in negative sentences) very; quite
    他不太舒服。 [Taiwanese Mandarin] ― Tā bù tài shūfú. [Pinyin] ― He's not very well.
  3. most; utmost
  4. highest; greatest
  5. senior; noble
  6. Short for 太湖 (Tàihú, “Lake Tai, a lake in Southern Jiangsu, China”).
  7. Short for 太平洋 (Tàipíngyáng, “Pacific Ocean”).

Dialectal synonyms of 太 (“too; excessively”) [map]

Variety Location Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 太, 過於
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 太, 忒
Taiwan 太
Malaysia 太
Singapore 太
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 太, 忒
Jinan 太, 忒
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 太
Xi'an 太
Xuzhou 忒
Donghai 太
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 太
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 太
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 太
Wuhan 太, 忒
Guiyang 太
Guilin 太
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 太
Yangzhou 太
Baoying 太
Taizhou 太
Zhenjiang 太
Yancheng 太
Hefei 太
Cantonese Guangzhou 太, 得滯 >, 過頭 >
Hong Kong 太, 太過, 得滯 >, 過頭 >, 過龍 >
Taishan 得滯 >
Dongguan 得滯 >
Yangjiang 得滯 >
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 太
Singapore (Guangfu) 太
Gan Nanchang 太
Lichuan 太
Pingxiang 太
Hakka Meixian 忒
Dongguan (Qingxi) 太, 過頭 >
Wuhua (Huacheng) 忒
Heyuan (Bendihua) 太
Wengyuan 太
Liannan 太
Jiexi 忒
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 太, 忒
Changting 忒
Wuping 忒
Wuping (Yanqian) 忒
Liancheng 忒
Ninghua 忒
Yudu 太
Ningdu 太, 忒
Tonggu (Sandu) 忒
Ganzhou (Panlong) 太
Dayu 太
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 忒
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 忒
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 忒
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 忒
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 忒
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 忒
Hong Kong 太, 過頭 >
Yangxi (Tangkou) 太
Yangchun (Sanjia) 太
Xinyi (Sihe) 太
Xinyi (Qianpai) 太
Gaozhou (Xindong) 太
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 太
Huazhou (Xin'an) 忒
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 忒
Lianjiang (Qingping) 太
Mengshan (Xihe) 太
Luchuan 太
Senai (Huiyang) 過頭 >
Kuching (Hepo) 過頭
Huizhou Jixi 太
Jin Taiyuan 太
Northern Min Jian'ou 忒
Jian'ou (Dikou) 忒
Songxi 忒
Zhenghe 忒
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 忒
Jianyang 忒
Wuyishan 忒
Pucheng (Shibei) 忒
Eastern Min Fuzhou 過, 恰
Fuzhou (Changle) 恰
Lianjiang 恰
Fuqing 恰
Pingtan 恰
Yongtai 恰
Minqing 恰
Gutian 恰
Pingnan 恰
Luoyuan 恰
Fu'an 恰
Ningde 恰
Xiapu 恰
Zherong 恰
Shouning 恰
Zhouning 恰
Fuding 恰
Southern Min Xiamen 傷, 傷過
Xiamen (Tong'an) 傷
Quanzhou 傷, 傷過
Jinjiang 傷, 太
Nan'an 傷
Shishi 傷
Hui'an 傷
Anxi 傷
Yongchun 傷
Dehua 傷
Zhangzhou 傷, 傷過
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 傷
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 傷
Hua'an 傷
Nanjing 傷
Pinghe 傷
Zhangpu 傷
Yunxiao 傷
Zhao'an 傷
Dongshan 傷
Taipei 傷
New Taipei (Sanxia) 傷
Kaohsiung 傷
Yilan 傷
Changhua (Lukang) 傷
Taichung 傷
Tainan 傷
Hsinchu 傷
Kinmen 傷
Penghu (Magong) 傷
Penang (Hokkien) 傷, 太
Singapore (Hokkien) 傷, 傷過, 過, 佮
Manila (Hokkien) 傷, 傷過
Longyan 蓋
Zhangping 傷
Chaozhou 佮
Shantou 佮, 過
Jieyang 佮, 過
Bangkok (Teochew) 佮
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 佮
Singapore (Teochew) 佮, 過
Puxian Min Putian 傷
Xianyou 傷
Central Min Yong'an 太
Sanming (Sanyuan) 忒
Sanming (Shaxian) 太
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 太, 過頭 >
Wu Shanghai 忒, 過於, 忒煞, 忒以 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 忒
Suzhou 忒
Changshu 脫
Nantong (Haimen) 忒
Danyang 太
Nanjing (Gaochun) 太
Hangzhou 忒
Ningbo 忒
Wenzhou 忒
Jinhua 太, 忒
Xiang Changsha 太
Shuangfeng 太, 忒
Note > - after adjective or adverb

Note:

Note: taai3-2 - “Mrs.” when used on its own.

太

  1. Short for 太太 (tàitai, “wife; Miss; Mrs”).
    李太 [Cantonese] ― lei5 taai3-2 [Jyutping] ― Mrs. Li
    陳太／陈太 [Cantonese] ― can4 taai3-2 [Jyutping] ― Mrs. Chan

太

  1. † Only used in 太末.

See Korean 太.

太

  1. (Korean Classical Chinese) soybean
    Synonym: 大豆 (dàdòu)

太

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (adjective): fat

From Old Japanese.

太(ふと) • (futo)

  1. fatness
  2. a fat person, a fatty
  3. fat-necked shamisen
  4. thick thread

太(ふと) • (futo-)

  1. added to words describing gods or the emperor or other exalted subjects to denote greatness or excellence
    • ; text here
      奈加等美乃 敷刀能里⟨等其⟩等 伊比波良倍 安⟨賀⟩布伊能知毛 多我多米尓奈礼
      中臣の 太祝詞言 言ひ祓へ 贖ふ命も 誰がために汝れ
      なかとみの ふとのりとごと いひはらへ あかふいのちも たがためになれ
      Nakatomi no / futonoritogoto / iiharae / akau inochi mo / ta ga tame ni nare
      Reciting the Nakatomi's excellent ritual offering, whose [long] life was prayed for? Yours.
  2. added to regular nouns to denote fatness or thickness
    太(ふと)腿(もも)、太(ふと)箸(ばし)
    futo-momo, futo-bashi
    the thigh (the thick part of the leg), fat chopsticks (used at New Years)

Derived terms

The Old Japanese 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal (sentence-final) form”) of adjective 太い (futoi, “fat, thick, big”).[2]

太(ふとし) • (Futoshi)

  1. a male given name

Derived from the root word 大 (ō, “great, big”).

太(おお) • (Ō) ←**おほ** (ofo)?

  1. a surname

From Middle Chinese 太 (thajH). Compare modern Mandarin 太 (tài).

太(たい) • (tai-)

  1. big, fat, great

From a colloquial form of 太 in Middle Chinese. Compare the similar corruption in Mandarin 大 (dà).

太(た) • (ta-)

  1. big, fat, great

Only found in compounds.

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Wikisource

From Middle Chinese 太 (MC thajH). The "pollock" sense is supposedly from the surname, after a fisherman.

太 (eumhun 클 태 (keul tae))

  1. hanja form? of 태 (“large; great; big; excessive”) [affix]
  2. hanja form? of 태 [surname]
  3. hanja form? of 태 (“pollock”) [affix]

Compounds

A Korean graphic abbreviation of Chinese 大豆 (dàdòu, “soybean”, literally “big bean”), perhaps attested as early as the eighth century.

Presumably, it was originally used as a logogram for the native Korean word 코ᇰ (Yale: khwòng, “soybean”), without a Sino-Korean reading of its own. At some point—perhaps after the logogramic representation of native Korean words declined following the invention of the hangul alphabet in the 1400s—it became conflated with the visually identical character 太 (“large; great”) and now shares its Sino-Korean reading, 태 (tae).

太 (eumhun 콩 태 (kong tae))

  1. hanja form? of 태 (“soybean”) [affix]

Compounds

太: Hán Nôm readings: Thái

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