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Papers by Ananda Devi D Almase

This Fellow’s Paper analyzes President Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr.’s call for a “paradigm shift” in ... more This Fellow’s Paper analyzes President Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr.’s call for a “paradigm shift” in the Philippines’ approaches to the South China Sea (SCS) conflict in 2024. A deconstruction of the substance and structure of his apparent policy discourse aims to contribute to a better understanding of its meaning, as well as implications for policy-making, at both domestic and strategic levels. This is especially so when the President’s well-publicized pronouncement of a “paradigm shift” is made as basis for policy determination

In addressing the research questions of a discourse analysis, this Paper discusses the philosophy of “paradigm shift” from an academic perspective of policy research. It uses this as a fundamental frame of analyzing the internal logic and contextual setting of Marcos’ “paradigm shift” rhetoric to address the SCS dispute. It then presents the order of interests at stake and the intensity of issues at hand in the SCS. Lastly, the Paper argues that the long-standing policy paradigm of the Philippines—as a peace-loving ASEAN nation and a rules-based state—remains the order in resolving disputes and relating with other countries.

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NDCP Faculty Paper No. 2 (July) ISSN: 2719-0765, 2021

This paper is composed of critical and comprehensive discussions on the importance of studying po... more This paper is composed of critical and comprehensive discussions on the importance of studying policy analysis and applying this correctly in the field of national security. This is driven by epistemic questions on why policy analysis should be the centerpiece of National Security Studies; what the nature of national security policy analysis is, compared with normal public policy analysis; how a nuanced understanding of these two fields of policy analysis helps examine decisions and options for national security; and, what appropriate methods of policy analysis can be used by security analysts in academic and policy circles. The insightful answers to these areas of inquiry aim to place national security policy analysis in proper focus and at the center of National Security Studies, especially in the National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP).

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NDCP Faculty Paper, No. 1 (July) ISSN: 2719-0773, 2020

Using Putnam’s two-level game theory, this study seeks to explain Philippine President Duterte’s ... more Using Putnam’s two-level game theory, this study seeks to explain Philippine President Duterte’s gambit of terminating the Visiting Forces Agreement (VFA) with the United States (US), and the odds of negotiating a better deal with the Philippines. It addresses research questions on what value judgement and conception of national interest prompted Duterte to send his 180-day notice of VFA termination on 11 February 2020 and suspend it after 112 days; on the extent of his rational egoism to abrogate the VFA or accommodate concessions from the US; and, on what factors and conditions determine the win-sets of the two parties in the VFA negotiation.

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A country's National Security Strategy (NSS) contains principled guidelines and purposeful plan o... more A country's National Security Strategy (NSS) contains principled guidelines and purposeful plan of action to promote national interests and protect these from threats in a vulnerable and uncertain world. It outlines the right mix of ways and means—i.e. internal political consolidation, economic capacity-building, diplomacy, and/or military—in order for the state to survive and succeed at both domestic and strategic levels. When published as an unclassified document, the NSS serves various, at times ambiguous, purposes for a state actor's performativity before diverse audiences at the two-level theater of national security. On the home front, the NSS draws the people to the national leader's strategic vision for the country in the midst of emerging and pressing security problems. It creates national consensus on a range of security issues and concerns that the leadership desires to address with utmost priority. It lays down strategic lines of action for the executive branch and informs congress of the budgetary requirements for a whole-of-government approach to national security. As a management tool, the NSS provides national level direction and coordination, institutional oversight, measures for effectiveness, and mechanisms for accountability in national security administration. Outside the homeland, the NSS communicates to the world the unity, resiliency, and firmity of the state and its people to counter threats against their safety and security, and carve a strategic position in the region. It projects power, pride, and even pretenses to influence others in the security community. It aims to deter aggression and defeat the enemy if needed. As a strategic communication, the NSS shows off the strengths and will of the nation-state under a strong leader, and shrouds any weakness and indecisiveness in challenging times.

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Conference paper by Ananda Devi D Almase

In August 2023, the National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP) celebrated its 60th annive... more In August 2023, the National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP) celebrated its 60th anniversary as the country’s premier higher education institution (HEI) on defense and security since 1963. The time-honored mission of NDCP is to provide quality education, training, and policy research for strategic leaders and decision-makers in national security administration. Its reason for existence is reinvigorated by a vision to become a world-class HEI in national and international security affairs by 2028. This behooves NDCP to be a more active agent of how comprehensive security can be pursued, not just for the Philippines’ national interest, but also for the common good of the region and the international community in this century. This advocacy for NDCP calls for a critical rethinking of security that is about peace, prosperity, and people’s safety in a world characterized not by hegemony—but by parity, mutual respect, and multi-polarity.

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NDCP Faculty Paper No. 2 (July) ISSN: 2719-0765, 2021

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NDCP Faculty Paper, No. 1 (July) ISSN: 2719-0773, 2020

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