Body dissatisfaction Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Objective To compare the prevalence of eating disorders (ED), socio-cultural risk factors, and body image characteristics in two populations of female adolescents, one Mexican and one Spanish, from similar socio-economic backgrounds.... more

Objective To compare the prevalence of eating disorders (ED), socio-cultural risk factors, and body image characteristics in two populations of female adolescents, one Mexican and one Spanish, from similar socio-economic backgrounds. Method A total of 467 Spanish and 329 Mexican girls aged from 11–12 to 17–18 years were assessed using the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26), the CETCA (Eating Disorders Assessment Questionnaire), the CIMEC (Questionnaire on Influences on Body Shape Model), and a survey of socio-demographic and risk factors produced for this study. Results One out of four subjects showed a significant risk of an eating disorder and 6–7% probably already had one. No significant differences were found between the two samples. Significant differences were found in risk behaviors: more Spanish girls reported body dissatisfaction and binging; more Mexican girls had a history of psychiatric and psychological treatment, pressure from parents and friends to lose weight, dieting, physical activity and vomiting to lose weight, and a history of greater weight loss. In both the groups around 50% of subjects wanted to increase the size of their breasts. However, significantly more Mexican girls desired thinner arms and narrower shoulders and back, and more Spanish girls wanted thinner hips, buttocks, and legs, parts of the body that many Mexicans wanted to increase. Conclusions Risk behaviors and the ideal body models of these Spanish and Mexican adolescent girls varied significantly, indicating major socio-cultural differences. However, the prevalence of ED was similar. Further research should aim to clarify whether the similarities found between this Spanish sample and a Mexican sample taken from an upper-middle class urban environment, a minority that is unrepresentative of the general population, are also observed in samples from other sectors of Mexican society.

Body image dissatisfaction (BID) is common in New Zealand, as in much of the Western world. It is a particular issue for young women, with the potential for extremely negative consequences. While the role of the media has been relatively... more

Body image dissatisfaction (BID) is common in New Zealand, as in much of the Western world. It is a particular
issue for young women, with the potential for extremely negative consequences. While the role of the media has
been relatively well-researched, the influence of family and friends on young women’s body image dissatisfaction
is deserving of further examination, especially in New Zealand, where such research is lacking, while body
image dissatisfaction may be particularly high, especially among young Pakeha/European women. The current
exploratory research combined a journal-writing task with in-depth interviews with four young women. Though
small, this project provided a wealth of data about the influence of family and friends in young women’s lives and
their contribution to BID. While several factors impact on BID, this research suggests that family and friends have
significant, and often unrecognised, influence. A key finding is the prevalence of ‘fat-talk’, and the relative unimportance
of its intention; for example, participants spoke about friends’ observations of others, friends’ advice,
well-meaning behaviour by family members and mothers’ self-criticism as sources of their own dissatisfaction.
This research has also emphasised the unquestioning internalisation of the thin ideal as a result of the behaviour of
family and friends, to the extent that the participants considered their BID to be appropriate.

The rise in numbers of overweight/obese children in the UK is causing widespread concern. Biomedical constructions of body acceptability and ‘good health’ mean that overweight/obese young people are frequently seen as deviant. The... more

The rise in numbers of overweight/obese children in the UK is causing widespread concern. Biomedical constructions of body acceptability and ‘good health’ mean that overweight/obese young people are frequently seen as deviant. The socio-cultural contexts within which young teenagers become fat, and lay conceptualisations of fatness, have largely been ignored. This qualitative study involved in-depth interviews with teenagers aged 13–14 years (n=36), drawn from families living in areas classified as socio-economically disadvantaged. Half of the sample had a Body Mass Index (BMI) classifying them as overweight or obese, whilst the remainder were classified as being ‘normal’ weight. Participants’ embodied perceptions of fatness were complex and sometimes contradictory. We discuss what young teenagers perceive the influences on fatness and body size to be; the professed consequences of being fat; participants’ experiences of attempting to lose weight; and, their reported interactions with friends and family relating to fatness and dieting. Participants rarely mentioned any health-related consequences of their own and others’ fatness, although wearing ‘nice’ clothes and being slowed down were raised as considerations by girls and boys, respectively. ‘Normal’ weight teenagers who disliked their bodies or who wanted to lose weight often claimed to be anxious about this. Being very obese also led to anxiety and reported attempts at ‘crash dieting’. Acceptance of body size/shape was, however, common amongst the overweight and obese teenagers, although some had attempted weight loss. The teenagers in this study were rarely supportive of friends or family who attempted to lose weight and frequently disagreed with others’ perceptions of fatness. These findings are important as they contradict the common perception that being overweight/obese is related to body dissatisfaction and that young people have a fear of fatness.

There are data that show that women are objectified in the media, that girls and women experience a high rate of body dissatisfaction and eating problems, and that exposure to objectified media images of women is related to the experience... more

There are data that show that women are objectified in the media, that girls and women experience a high rate of body dissatisfaction and eating problems, and that exposure to objectified media images of women is related to the experience of self-objectification and body shame ...

Gender role norms may play a crucial role in the “male experience” of eating disorders. The masculinity hypothesis proposes that conformity to masculine gender roles including dominance, confidence, sexual success, and physical and... more

Gender role norms may play a crucial role in the “male experience” of eating disorders. The masculinity hypothesis proposes that conformity to masculine gender roles including dominance, confidence, sexual success, and physical and emotional self-control places men at risk for muscularity-oriented body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. However, despite some empirical support for this hypothesis, several gaps in the literature remain. The present study was the first to use multidimensional instruments of gender role conformity to investigate whether masculinity and femininity are associated with male body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Participants were 246 young heterosexual men who completed an online survey that asked questions about muscle dissatisfaction, body fat dissatisfaction, thinness- and muscularity-oriented disordered eating. Results from four simultaneous multiple regressions showed that increased conformity to masculine norms predicted greater muscle dissatisfaction and muscularity-oriented disordered eating, but not body fat dissatisfaction or thinness-oriented disordered eating. Conformity to feminine norms predicted greater muscle dissatisfaction, thinness- and muscularity-oriented disordered eating. The results provide support for the masculinity hypothesis and extend it to include muscularity-oriented disordered eating. Furthermore, the results suggest that the femininity hypothesis, which proposes that feminine norm endorsement is a risk factor for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in women, may also generalize to men. Clinicians should consider integrating gendered perspectives into treatments for men with eating disorders. Future research into the mechanisms through which gender role conformity influences body image and eating outcomes in males is necessary.

The aim of this study is to find out how body image disturbance and perfectionism causes eating disorders symptomology among young women in Karachi. The sample for this study consists of 127 women aged from 18 to 25 years. These may... more

The aim of this study is to find out how body image disturbance and perfectionism causes eating disorders symptomology among young women in Karachi. The sample for this study consists of 127 women aged from 18 to 25 years. These may include women studying in different university. A quantitative approach is used for this study. Three scales used for this purpose are: Eating Attitude Test – 26 by Garne & Garfinkel, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale by Hewitt et al and The Body Shape Questionnaire by Cooper et al. There were six hypothesis for this research; (1) There will be a significant relationship between body image and symptoms of eating disorders among young women and high body distortion will predict higher levels of ED symptoms was proven: (R = 0.623``, P = 0.000), (2) There will be a significant relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of eating disorder among young women was disproved: (R = 0.107, P > 0.05), (3) Women who live in joint family will have greater symptoms of eating disorder was not supported: β = 0.105, t (127) = 1.182, p > 0.00. Family structure has no significant proportion of variance for eating disorder symptoms R2 = 0.011, F (127) = 1.398, (p > 0.00), and (6) Women with higher family income will have greater symptoms of eating disorder was disproved: β = 0.108, t (127) = 1.213, p > 0.00. Monthly income has no significant proportion of variance for eating symptomology R2 = 0.012, F (127) = 1.471, (p > 0.00). Implications of the study include helping young women who are at the risk of having eating disorders and to increase their body satisfaction and reduce the influence of media and other social factors so that they could live their life to its full potential and avoid other disorders that are initiated through eating disorders.
Key Words: Body Image, Perfectionism, Eating Disorder.

Bu kitap Türk toplumunda bedeni ve güzelliği nasıl algıladığımızı, algılayış şekillerimizin ve yapılarımızın hangi sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik etkenlerden etkilendiğini ve bunların etkisiyle değişen algılarımızın benliğimizde ve... more

Bu kitap Türk toplumunda bedeni ve güzelliği nasıl algıladığımızı, algılayış şekillerimizin ve yapılarımızın hangi sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik etkenlerden etkilendiğini ve bunların etkisiyle değişen algılarımızın benliğimizde ve bedenimizde nasıl etkiler yarattığını ele almaktadır. Kültür endüstrisinin, iletişim teknolojilerinin ve tüketim kültürünün baskısı ve etkisi altındaki insanlar bedenlerini ve benliklerini kişiselleştirme, emsalsizleştirme ve bireysel ifadeye kavuşturma argümanıyla süreklilik arz etmesi gereken tek bir amaca yöneltilmektedir: Beden için tüketim! Bir göstergeler ve kimyasallar mezarlığına dönüşen beden Platon’un mağarası veya Wachowski Kardeşler’in Matrix’i gibi aslolanı gizlemek üzere kurgulanan bir hipergerçekliğe dönüşmektedir. Bu çalışma da, bu bakış açısıyla, beden için tüketim yapmanın ve davranışlar sergilemenin ve arkasında yatan ve birçok endüstrinin manipüle ettiği beden algısını, bedensel tatmini ve tatminsizliği, bireylerin kendilerinin ve diğerlerinin bedenlerini değerlendirişini, bunları etkilemek üzere kurgulanan estetik anlayışları, idealleri, beden politikalarını tarihsel bağlamını da göz önünde bulundurarak incelemekte ve bazı noktalarda eleştiriler getirmektedir. Post-modern kültürlerde estetikleştirilen yaşam tarzları ve bedenler artık herhangi bir sosyal paylaşım uygulaması veya internet sitesinde sunulduğunda kişiler bireysel ifade şekillerini, bedenleri, beğenileri, diğerlerinin yaşam tarzlarını ve değerlerini “dikizlemeye” ve “değerlendirmeye” alışmakta ve aynı değerlendirme gizli bir biçimde bireyin kendisine de dönmektedir. Bu gibi bedensel konuların henüz Türk Beden Sosyolojisi literatüründe incelenmemiş noktalarını keşfetmek için yapılan bu çalışma Post-modern Estetik Anlayışları ve etkilerini okuyucunun gözünde canlandırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

This study aims to explore the influence of women's body dissatisfaction on their romantic relationships by investigating how their body shape concerns influence the responsibility attributions they make when exposed to spousal... more

This study aims to explore the influence of women's body dissatisfaction on their romantic relationships by investigating how their body shape concerns influence the responsibility attributions they make when exposed to spousal infidelity. The current experimental research was conducted on a sample of 60 women who were divided into two groups according to their level of body shape concern. They were asked to identify with the wife in four sexual jealousy-inducing vignettes which varied according to the attractiveness of the mistress (upward versus downward comparison) and according to the nature of the extramarital affair (emotional versus sexual). All participants assigned responsibility for the extramarital affair to the three characters-wife, husband and mistress-for each of the four scenarios. Our results revealed that body shape concern significantly influenced the responsibility attributions made by our participants. The attractiveness of the mistress (the type of social comparison) and the nature of the affair also influenced the responsibility attributions of our participants, but not to the expected extent.

TWO hundred and thirty-five adolescents completed a questionnaire on the subject of eating attitudes. self-esteem. reasons for exercise. and their ideal versus current body size and shape. As predicted, boys were as likely to want to be... more

TWO hundred and thirty-five adolescents completed a questionnaire on the subject of eating attitudes. self-esteem. reasons for exercise. and their ideal versus current body size and shape. As predicted, boys were as likely to want to be heavier as lighter, whereas very few girls desired to be heavier. Only girls associated body dissatisfaction with the concept of self-esteem. Male self-esteem was not affected by body dissatisfaction. Specific reasons for exercise were found to correlate with low self-esteem and disordered eating, regardless of sex. The results are discussed in relation to burgeoning published research in this area.

In-depth interviews were conducted with 42 women and men (aged 22–62 years) to explore their relationships with their bodies. The particular focus was age-related changes in body image and attitudes toward the body aging, an area that has... more

In-depth interviews were conducted with 42 women and men (aged 22–62 years) to explore their relationships with their bodies. The particular focus was age-related changes in body image and attitudes toward the body aging, an area that has received little research attention to date. Thematic analysis revealed distinctive gender differences. Men commonly conceptualized their bodies as a holistic entity, whereas women commonly had compartmentalized conceptualizations. They also construed the importance of their bodies differently: men tended to focus on functionality, and women tended to focus on display. These findings may help to explain gendered consequences of body dissatisfaction. Accounts about the aging of the body support a “double standard of aging.” Women viewed aging most negatively in terms of its impact on appearance, whereas men reported a neutral or even positive impact on appearance.