Students Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Creative Writing, Marketing, Christianity, Buddhism

With the rising demand for data skills across industries and disciplines, and the prevalence of data in all aspects and levels of our lives, it is critical to find new, more effective ways to develop students’ data literacies. Stories can be an accessible way for students to personally connect to, and think critically about, data and its implications. But how can data storytelling be effectively implemented into classroom settings, in which instruction is often constrained to focus narrowly on quantitative skills? This interactive poster session showcases eight innovations in data storytelling in the classroom. Together, the contributions consider the various facets and functions of stories for supporting data literacies in contexts that span K-12 to university. By seeking to define the value and roles of storytelling in data literacy learning, this session will inform ways to create more effective and engaging data literacy instruction.

- by Camillia Matuk
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- Learning Sciences, Storytelling, Students, Data Literacy

Empathy can be defined as the ability to understand and connect with the emotional state and frame of mind of another. Establishing connections with others is a crucial skill for veterinarians who must earn the trust and compliance of their clients to provide quality care for their patients. This is a longitudinal study using the Davis Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) to assess changes in veterinary students' self-reported empathy as they progressed through the didactic portion of the DVM program at Colorado State University. The IRI consists of four subscales that measure cognitive and affective components of empathy: Perspective Taking, Fantasy, Emphatic Concern, and Personal Distress. Data were collected at three time points, corresponding to the start of the first year, the fourth semester (second year), and the fifth semester (third year). Results showed an overall decline in Perspective Taking scores, with a significant decrease between first and second year. There was...

- by Regina Schoenfeld-Tacher and +3
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- Veterinary Education, Teaching, Empathy, Students
- by Zofia Trębacz
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- Jewish Studies, Antisemitism (Prejudice), Jewish History, Interwar Period History

This selective review article examines treatment and intervention strategies for executive function (EF) deficits within the school environment. We begin by providing a broad definition of EF. We then examine the scope of EF deficits within the school setting and identify profiles of special populations of students who present with such deficits. A focus is placed on the developmental trajectory that both EF and the frontal lobes follow and how this drives the selection and effectiveness of treatments and interventions at particular ''critical periods'' throughout a child's academic career. Direct and indirect school-based diagnostic assessment methods to identify EF deficits in students will be briefly reviewed. Against that background, various treatment methods and intervention strategies to remediate both cognitive and affective EF deficits within the confines of the school setting will be presented. Individual and group intervention strategies will be presented as will their current acceptance within the scientific community and applicability to the educational arena. The importance of incorporating school-based neuropsychological assessment methods that aid in the differential diagnosis of academic and behavioral difficulties directly related to EF will also be discussed, as the accurate identification of these impairments is necessary to facilitate data-based decision making when selecting the most appropriate interventions following a developmental model in educational settings. Topics addressing EF treatment modalities and research-based interventions for clinical and school-based practitioners to consider within educational settings will also be presented as suggestions for future research with pediatric populations.

- by Tulio Otero
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- Mindfulness, Executive Function, Schools, Students

The transnational phenomenon that was “1968” was felt keenly around the globe with
direct and virtually immediate impact. Turkey stands as a clear example, wherein the
development and dynamism of the “Western” student movement had an immediate
impact and shaped developments unfolding in Turkey at the time. As elsewhere in the
world, “1968” did not hit Turkey out of thin air. The “1968 generation,” and the student
movement in general, was mainly Kemalist, one of the significant characteristics
that differentiated it from others. It first emerged as a student movement focused on
reform within the university system, but toward the end of the 1960s, it evolved into a
revolutionary movement, eventually deploying revolutionary violence from 1971–72.

- by Nikos Christofis
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- Turkey, New Left, Students

Excerpts of therapist-patient dialogue are presented to demonstrate three important elements of a successful session of psychodynamic therapy. These are the provision of insight through the use of transference, a focus on patient affect, and the therapist&amp;amp;amp;#39;s attention to aspects of the therapeutic alliance. The article, in addition to explicating the clinical process in psychodynamic therapy, gives a theoretical explanation for the emphasis on each of these three elements and provides research support for their application.

- by Stanley Messer
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- Psychology, Brief Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

This study of a predominantly Hispanic sample of 92 male and 140 female college students examines both gender symmetry in intimate partner violence (IPV) and inconsistent relationships found in previous studies between sexist attitudes and IPV. Results indicate that although comparable numbers of men and women perpetrate and are victimized in their relationships with intimate partners, the path models suggest that women's violence tends to be in reaction to male violence, whereas men tend to initiate violence and then their partners respond with violence. Benevolent sexism was shown to have a protective effect against men's violence toward partners. Findings highlight the importance of studying women's violence not only in the context of men's violence but also within a broader sociocultural context. C onsiderable debate continues regarding the prevalence, direction, and meaning of violence between men and women in intimate relationships (e.g., Frieze, 2005;. Studies examining men's and women's use of physical violence have indicated that the number of women using physical aggression is either comparable to that of men

- by Christopher T Allen
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- Criminology, Psychology, Violence, Poverty

Üniversite öğrencilerinin derslere devamlarının akademik başarıya etkisi birçok akademik çalışma ile irdelenmiş ve derslere devam eden öğrencilerin başarı oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Devam durumları birçok... more

- by Ömer AYDIN
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- Computer Science, Students, RFID Technology

Self-Regulated Learning or SRL is an important academic performance for every student in completing a series of academic activities and realized by himself, especially in an online learning environment that is not supervised directly by the teacher. This research is an effort to develop a measuring instrument in the form of an SRL scale and called the SRLS based on three aspects according to the theory presented by Zimmerman. The purpose of this study is to produce a student SRL measurement tool in the online learning era in order to find patterns of student involvement in learning that can be applied by students to improve learning achievement. Respondents involved in this study amounted to 408 students of SMP/MTs grades VII to IX. Validation of items through an expert judgment process by experts in psychometry and psychology with the results of the content validity item (CVI) obtained is 0.68 to 1.00 and the reliability test results have a Cronbach alpha value of 0.893. The results of this research will provide benefits to identify patterns of student involvement in learning and generated guidelines for the use of the SSRL measuring instrument.

- by Faruq Faruq
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- Self-regulated Learning, Instrumentation, Students

There appear to be two forms of high self-esteem: secure high self-esteem (which is often linked with psychological health) and fragile high self-esteem (which is generally associated with poor psychological adjustment and impaired interpersonal relationships). Discrepant high self-esteem is a form of fragile self-esteem characterized by high explicit self-esteem and low implicit self-esteem. The present study examined whether discrepant high self-esteem was associated with narcissism and self-esteem instability in an undergraduate sample. Using multiple measures of implicit self-esteem, two basic findings emerged from the present study. First, participants with discrepant high self-esteem possessed the highest levels of narcissism. Second, participants with high explicit selfesteem and high implicit self-esteem displayed the most stable self-esteem. Findings are discussed in terms of secure and fragile high self-esteem.

- by Virgil Zeigler-Hill
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- Psychology, Cognitive Science, Personality, Intelligence

Anormal Psikoloji kitabı, ruhsal bozukluklar alanında çalışan tüm profesyoneller, psikiyatristler, klinik psikologlar, psikologlar, psikolojik danışmanlar, hekimler, sosyal hizmet uzmanları, psikiyatri hemşireleri ve bu alanlarda öğrenci yetiştiren akademisyenler ile eğitim alan öğrenciler için temel bir başvuru kitabıdır.
2013 yılının Mayısı ayında yayımlanan DSM-5 ölçütlerine göre ruhsal bozukluklarla ilgili sunulan bilgilerin güncellemesinin de yapıldığı bu kitap, tüm dünyada pek çok üniversitenin psikiyatri ve psikoloji bölümlerinde ders kitabı olarak okutulmaktadır.
Kitabın her bölümünde, ilk olarak ruhsal bozukluklarla ilgili vakalar sunulmakta, daha sonra bozuklukların klinik tanıları yapılmakta ve DSM-IV-TR’den farklı olan DSM-5’te yapılan değişikliklere yer verilmektedir. Ayrıca, DSM-5’teki tanı ölçütleri, bozuklukların etiyolojisi ve epidemiyolojisi, bozukluklar üzerinde kalıtımın ve çevrenin etkileri, biyolojik ve sosyal ve kültürel etkiler, en güncel araştırmalardan elde edilen verilerle harmanlanarak sunulmaktadır. Ruhsal bozuklukların tedavisinde etkili olacak terapi yaklaşımları ve ilaçla yapılan tedaviler hakkında da bilgiler veren kitap, sahip olduğu zengin içeriği ile eşsiz bir kaynaktır.
Anormal Psikoloji kitabının; profesyoneller ve öğrenciler için önemli bir rehber olacağına, yardıma ihtiyaç duyan insanların sorunlarının çözümüne, ruhsal bozuklukların tanı ve tedavisinde önemli katkılar sağlayacağına inanıyoruz.

- by Gamze Sart
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- Creative Writing, Entrepreneurship, Management, Psychology

To : PT TAG Berikut ini saya lampirkan jadwal PM rutin untuk tanggal 19 Januari 2015 sebagai berikut :

- by Rolanda Anda
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- Students

The researchers wanted to find out the self-esteem of adolescent students. Their Objectives were: O1: To know the Self-Esteem of adolescent students on the basis of sex. O2: To know the Self-Esteem of adolescent students on the basis of grade. O3: To study the Self-Esteem of adolescent students on the basis of stream. O4: To compare the Self-Esteem of adolescence students on the basis of parents’ educational qualification. They had adopted the descriptive research method in the present study. All the students of adolescent period of Secondary and Higher secondary school are population of the present study. Total 221 samples had been selected through purposive sampling technique. They used the Measuring Self-Esteem Scale to collect data from the sample. The scale was developed by Heatherton and Polivy. Mean, SD and t-test were used in the present study to analysis the data. The null hypotheses formulated for the present study, were: H01: There is no significant difference between boy & girl adolescent students’ Self-Esteem. H02: There is no significant difference between 10th & 12th grade students’ Self-Esteem. H03: There is no significant difference between arts & science stream twelfth grade students’ Self-Esteem. H04: There is no significant difference between the students’ Self-Esteem from primary & secondary level educated parents. The null hypotheses H01 and H02 were accepted but the null hypotheses H03 and H04 were rejected. The study revealed that there was no difference in self-esteem on the basis sex, grade but there was difference in self-esteem on the basis of stream and parental educational qualification.

- by IERJ Journal
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- Self-Esteem, Students, Adolescence

This questionnaire study investigated the prevalence of, and interrelationships among, self-reported same-sex sexual orientation, childhood sexual abuse, and suicidal behavior in 1262 university students in Turkey. Approximately 7% of the sample reported lifetime or current same-sex sexual attractions, 5% reported that they engaged in same-sex sexual behavior, and almost 2% self-identified as either homosexual or bisexual. Overall, almost 10% of the sample acknowledged some form of a same-sex sexual orientation. Twenty-eight percent of the participants reported at least one instance of sexual abuse during their childhood. Almost 42% of the students reported suicidal ideation during the past 12 months or lifetime, and 7% reported that they attempted to kill themselves during their lifetime or in the past 12 months. Five hypotheses about the interrelationships among same-sex sexual orientation, childhood sexual abuse, and suicidal behavior were developed and tested in the study. Self-reported childhood sexual abuse was associated with same-sex sexual behavior. Participants who engaged in same-sex sexual behavior and those who identified themselves as homosexual or bisexual perceived more distance between themselves and their fathers than those who did not. Being sexually abused by someone of one's own sex was related to same-sex sexual orientation in male participants but not in female participants. Childhood sexual abuse was found to be an independent predictor of both suicidal ideation and attempts during the past 12 months. Only identifying oneself as homosexual or bisexual was associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideation during the past 12 months.

- by Mehmet Eskin
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- Psychology, Sexual Abuse, Suicide, Turkey

To determine the background knowledge of high school children on basic life support by calculating the points scored in a MCQ-based test; to evaluate results of teaching basic life support skills to them; and assessing their power of retention by re-testing them on skills and MCQ test after the workshop. Quasi-experimental study. Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of Heart Diseases, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from 1st September to 31st December 2008. Thirty children aged 11 - 15 years from 9 different schools of Rawalpindi were subjected to knowledge and skill based test at three different times. First was taken just after brief introduction to the subject of CPR and its related definitions, second after providing them hands-on CPR training, and last, after 3 months of CPR training, knowledge as well as CPR skills were tested. The children showed highly significant improvement in knowledge after CPR training and retention of knowledge and skills of CPR after 3 mo...

- by Hafsa Arshad
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- Adolescent, Medicine, Students, Child
- by James Pennebaker
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- Marketing, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Acoustics

This article aimed to determine sexual behaviors among female and male adolescents in northern Italy. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire evaluating sexual attitudes was distributed in middle and high schools in northern Italy. Adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age were asked to participate at the survey. The study group included 664 participants. Overall, 164 (25%) adolescents had had at least one sexual intercourse. Among adolescents who have had sexual intercourse, 90 (55%) use condoms, 25 (15%) use hormonal contraception, and 49 (30%) do not use any contraception method. A total of 559 adolescents (84%) participated in school-based sexual education programs. This group had better knowledge on sexually transmitted diseases and contraception methods in comparison with adolescents who have never participated in such educational programs (p < .05), and no difference in high-risk sexual behaviors was observed (p = 1.0). School-based sexual education programs improve knowledge of sexual transmitted diseases and contraception methods. However, this knowledge does not correlate to high-risk sexual behaviors reduction.

- by Giorgio Bogani
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- Psychology, Adolescent, Curriculum, Italy

It has been previously shown that the implicit affiliation motive-the need to establish and maintain friendly relationships with others-leads to chronic health benefits. The underlying assumption for the present research was that the implicit affiliation motive also moderates the salivary cortisol response to acute psychological stress when some aspects of social evaluation and uncontrollability are involved. By contrast we did not expect similar effects in response to exercise as a physical stressor. Fifty-nine high school students aged M = 14.8 years were randomly assigned to a psychosocial stress (publishing the results of an intelligence test performed), a physical stress (exercise intensity of 65-75% of HR max), and a control condition (normal school lesson) each lasting 15 min. Participants' affiliation motives were assessed using the Operant Motive Test and salivary cortisol samples were taken pre and post stressor. We found that the strength of the affiliation motive negatively predicted cortisol reactions to acute psychosocial but not to physical stress when compared to a control group. The results suggest that the affiliation motive buffers the effect of acute psychosocial stress on the HPA axis.

- by Henning Budde
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- Adolescent, Motivation, Schools, Students

Trabalho de pesquisa quantitativo realizado com 42 discentes de uma instituição pública de ensino superior, utilizando-se a técnica do Toque Terapêutico - Método Krieger-Kunz e aplicação de um questionário validado no Brasil para avaliar a ansiedade durante três sessões. Os sujeitos foram alocados em dois grupos: experimental (1), em que receberam a terapia complementar; e controle (2), em que foram submetidos a imitação da técnica sem intenção terapêutica. O objetivo foi identificar a influência gradativa desta terapia complementar de saúde no que se refere ao estado de ansiedade dos estudantes. A análise dos dados revelou uma redução estatisticamente significativa do estado de ansiedade em ambos os grupos, com pd" 0,05.

- by Vanessa Gomes
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- Nursing, Anxiety, Students, Therapeutic Touch

Dans le courant des années 1980-1990, le processus de massification de l’enseignement supérieur s’est traduit par une forte augmentation des flux d’entrants dans l’enseignement supérieur. La croissance constante des taux de réussite au bac depuis les années 1980 (26 % d’une génération en 1980, 63 % en 1995 et 77 % en 2014) est notamment due à une progression de la réussite des bacheliers technologiques et professionnels, ce qui, du même coup, a entraîné une augmentation de l’entrée de ces « nouveaux étudiants » dans l’enseignement supérieur. Ces évolutions quantitatives ont eu des conséquences sur la structuration et l’organisation de l’enseignement supérieur, avec une transformation « qualitative » des flux d’entrants et des orientations. S’est ainsi opérée une translation des processus de sélection scolaire, le type de baccalauréat obtenu devenant l’opérateur de la sélection dans l’entrée vers l’enseignement supérieur.

Accreditation of courses in tertiary institutions is mainly regarded as business to be executed by the management and teaching staff. This is done despite the fact that some students with practical industry experience may be knowledgeable on the subject matter, which lecturers and management might not have. There is no evidence of student involvement and participation in course design or review or other quality assurance activities in Lesotho tertiary institutions. It therefore is in the interest of this study to explore whether student input can be of significance to course design and content. The study also seeks to unveil the extent to which an all-inclusive approach should be adopted by tertiary institutions to ensure quality of course design and content. Qualitative methodology, in the form of in depth interviews and document analyses is going to be employed for this study.

The purpose of the current study is to determine the relationship between secondary and high school students' ecocentric, anthropocentric and antiphatic attitudes towards the environment and their academic achievement. The study was conducted with the participation of totally 854 students attending secondary and high schools in the city of Aksaray in the spring term of 2013-2014 school year. In the collection of the data, " Ecocentric, Anthropocentric and Antipathic Environmental Attitude Scale " developed by Thompson and Barton (1994) and adapted to Turkish by Erten (2007) was used. In the analysis of the data, one-way variance analysis and Pearson Correlation analysis were conducted. At the end of the study, a significant difference was found in the ecocentric attitude mean scores of the secondary school students in favor of the students having higher academic achievement (F=3.161; p<.05) and a significant difference was found in the antipathic attitude scores of the students in favor of those having lower academic achievement (F=14.700; p<.001). No significant difference based on the students' academic achievement was found in the students' anthropocentric attitude scores

Objective: Research has shown associations between college women's alcohol and/or drug consumption and the risk of sexual assault, but few studies have measured the various means by which sexual assault is achieved. Participants: The authors' Campus Sexual Assault Study obtained self-report data from a random sample of undergraduate women (N = 5,446). Methods: The authors collected data on sexual assault victimization by using a cross-sectional, Web-based survey, and they conducted analyses assessing the role of substance use. The authors also compared victimizations before and during college, and across years of study. Results: Findings indicate that almost 20% of undergraduate women experienced some type of completed sexual assault since entering college. Most sexual assaults occurred after women voluntarily consumed alcohol, whereas few occurred after women had been given a drug without their knowledge or consent. Conclusions: The authors discuss implications for campus sexual assault prevention programs, including the need for integrated substance use and sexual victimization prevention programming.

- by Bonnie Fisher
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- Risk Taking, Sexual Assault, Adolescent, Prevention
- by Bing-Fang Hwang
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- Air pollution, Risk assessment, Adolescent, Students

Background: Approximately 55,000 children in New Zealand do not eat breakfast on any given day. Regular breakfast skipping has been associated with poor diets, higher body mass index, and adverse effects on children's behaviour and academic performance. Research suggests that regular breakfast consumption can improve academic performance, nutrition and behaviour. This paper describes the protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial of a free school breakfast programme. The aim of the trial is to determine the effects of the breakfast intervention on school attendance, achievement, psychosocial function, dietary habits and food security. Methods/Design: Sixteen primary schools in the North Island of New Zealand will be randomised in a sequential stepped wedge design to a free before-school breakfast programme consisting of non-sugar coated breakfast cereal, milk products, and/or toast and spreads. Four hundred children aged 5-13 years (approximately 25 per school) will be recruited. Data collection will be undertaken once each school term over the 2010 school year (February to December). The primary trial outcome is school attendance, defined as the proportion of students achieving an attendance rate of 95% or higher. Secondary outcomes are academic achievement (literacy, numeracy, self-reported grades), sense of belonging at school, psychosocial function, dietary habits, and food security. A concurrent process evaluation seeks information on parents', schools' and providers' perspectives of the breakfast programme.

- by Cliona Mhurchu
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- Mental Health, Diet, Public Health, Adolescent

Possible cause of school failure and the return to education system ROSER GRAU VIDAL TAMARA PINA CALVO CARLOS SÁNCHO ÁLVAREZ RESUMEN En el presente estudio de investigación educativa, los principales objetivos perseguidos son encontrar las posibles causas del fracaso escolar y el retorno al sistema educativo, mediante una muestra de 100 alumnos/as del C.F.P.A 1 Germà Colón de Castelló de la Plana. Se ha utilizado una encuesta, que pretende reflejar las posibles influencias que han llevado al alumnado al fracaso escolar, así como el porqué de su retorno. Se han obtenido una serie de resultados, de los cuales destaca la notable influencia del profesorado, que lleva a una alta insatisfacción de los sujetos en cuanto a la insuficiente atención individualizada y a las clases no motivadoras ni participativas. Además se ha encontrado relación directa entre la actual crisis económica y la formación, ya que seguir estudiando y la necesidad del graduado escolar son claves en la actualidad.

- by Roser Vidal
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- Students, Educational system, School Failure

Understanding young adults' anxiety requires applying a multidimensional approach to assess the psychosocial, behavioral, and cognitive aspects of this phenomenon. A hypothesized model of the relationships among coping style, thinking style, life satisfaction, social support, and selected demographics and anxiety among college students was tested using path analysis. A total of 257 undergraduate students aged 18-24 years completed an online survey. The independent variables were measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Brief Students' Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale, the Brief COPE Inventory, the Positive Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, and the Cognition Checklist-Anxiety. The outcome, anxiety, was measured using the Anxiety subscale of the 21-item Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale. Only negative thinking and maladaptive coping had a direct relationship with anxiety. Negative thinking was the strongest predictor of both maladapt...

- by Lynne Hall
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- Psychology, Nursing, Social Support, Adolescent

Background: Suboptimal adolescent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine rates in the US highlight the need for catch-up vaccination. When teenagers enter college, there may be a shift in healthcare decision-making from parents and guardians to the students themselves. Little is known about factors influencing college students' healthcare decision-making processes. Study design: We evaluated HPV vaccine decision-making among 18-to-26-year-old college students through a self-administered, anonymous, cross-sectional survey. This survey was distributed to a sample of men and women in classroom settings at two universities. Categorical data comparisons were conducted using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to model initiation of HPV vaccine and compute prevalence ratios while controlling for key influential covariates at the 0.05 alpha level. Results: A total of 527 students participated (response proportion = 93.1%). Overall, 55.8% of participants received the HPV vaccine. Encouraging conversations with doctors and/or parents/guardians were identified as one of the most influential factors to increase vaccine uptake. Among students who received encouragement from both a doctor and parent, 95.8% received the vaccine. Campaigns about cancer prevention were viewed as more influential than those that focus on preventing genital warts. Approximately one-third of students indicated they didn't know where to get the HPV vaccine. Women were more likely to report that their parents would not let them get the HPV vaccine compared to men (26.7% vs. 2.3%). The majority of students (77.3%) indicated their parents were sometimes, equally, or mostly involved in making decisions about receiving vaccines (other than flu). Conclusion: Students' decision-making is greatly influenced by their parents; therefore, interventions for this population should work to increase students' control over decision-making while also addressing parental concerns.

- by Scott Butler
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- Health Behavior, Decision Making, Adolescent, Biological Sciences
- by Stephanie Richards
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- Occupational Health, Risk assessment, Adolescent, Employment

Purpose There is growing interest in the assessment of positive mental health as a global indicator of societal wealth. We aimed to adapt the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being scale (WEMWBS) into Spanish and to perform a preliminary evaluation of its metric properties. Methods Forward and back-translations and cognitive debriefing were carried out. University students (n = 148) were recruited to evaluate the final Spanish version, following the UK original study. Distribution of WEMWBS responses, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and factor structure were assessed. Results Only 4 (out of 14) items of the initial Spanish version were not rated as conceptually and linguistically equivalent to the original and were modified. The final version was clear and comprehensible. Global score's Cronbach's alpha (0.90), item-total score correlations (0.44-0.76), and test-retest ICC (0.84) were all satisfactory. Moderate to high correlations (r = 0.45-0.70) were observed between the WEMWBS and validity scales. Preliminary confirmatory factor analyses did not support the hypothesis of a single factor. Conclusions A conceptually equivalent Spanish version of the WEMWBS was obtained with high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, and similar construct validity as the original instrument. Further validity and factorial studies are necessary in larger and more heterogeneous samples.

- by Pere Castellvi
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- Psychometrics, Mental Health, Quality of life, Adolescent

Objective: To evaluate the acceptance and effectiveness of repetitive nutrition-related text messages on college students' nutrition knowledge and fruit and vegetable consumption. Participants: 150 undergraduate (18-24 y) non-health major students with a texting mobile phone. Methods: The intervention group received biweekly text messages of the MyPlate icon and the USDA's Dietary Guidelines (DGs) for 7 weeks. The control group received the same information in a mailed brochure. A pre-and post-online survey assessed the students' knowledge and behavior. Results: The intervention resulted in greater MyPlate food group recognition (p<0.05) compared to control and a trend toward improved knowledge of the DGs. In the intervention group, fruit consumption was elevated (p<0.05) and a trend toward elevated vegetable consumption was determined. No gender differences in intervention effectiveness exist. Conclusion: Texting repeated messages appears to be an acceptable and effective way to increase nutrition knowledge and promote positive diet-related behaviors in college students.

- by Dennis Savaiano
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- Health Education, Diet, Risk assessment, Adolescent

Kiss Árpád Emlékkonferencia, 2019. 09. 21.

- by Veronika Bocsi
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- Education, Higher Education, Intellectuals, Sociology of Intellectuals

This study identified knowledge and concerns about avian influenza among secondary school students in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A stratified random sample of 514 students from 6 secondary schools was given a self-administered multiple-choice questionnaire. Knowledge scores were significantly related to socioeconomic indicators. Approximately 70% of the participants reported that media (TV and/or radio) was the source of their information. Overall, 65.4% of the participants said they expected there to be cases of avian influenza in Saudi Arabia this year. Females were more concerned than males (70.9% versus 58.9%). Effective school health education programmes should be implemented in order to prepare the community to deal with this important threat.

- by Tamer Hifnawy
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- Health Education, Saudi Arabia, Adolescent, Multivariate Analysis

This article focuses on one piece from the complex puzzle of internationalization, namely the intercultural learning during education abroad. It departs from a critical reflection on American student applications for the Fulbright program and uses the application process for Fulbright scholarship as a lynchpin for other study abroad scholarships for American students. It shows how the stages of before, during and after education abroad can be comprehensively integrated into a holistic process of student development in American universities. This process has the ultimate goal of helping American students function in an international context and redefining their world view to encompass the notion that cultures can be understood relative to one another.

The standard 2 -4 -6 task requires discovery of a single rule and produces success rates of about 20%, whereas the dual-goal (DG) version requests discovery of two complementary rules and elevates success to over 60%. The experiment examined two explanations of DG superiority: Evans' (1989) positivity-bias account, and Wharton, Cheng, and Wickens' (1993) goal-complementarity theory. Two DG conditions were employed that varied the linguistic labelling of rules (either positively labelled Dax vs. Med, or mixed-valence "fits" vs. "does not fit"). Solution-success results supported the goal-complementarity theory since facilitation arose in both DG conditions relative to singlegoal tasks, irrespective of the linguistic labelling of hypotheses. DG instructions also altered quantitative and qualitative aspects of hypothesis-testing behaviour, and analyses revealed the novel result that the production of at least a single descending triple mediates between DG instructions and task success. We propose that the identification of an appropriate contrast class that delimits the scope of complementary rules may be facilitated through the generation of a descending instance. Overall, our findings can best be accommodated by iterative counterfactual model of hypotheses testing, which can readily subsume key elements of the goalcomplementarity theory.

- by Maggie Gale
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- Psychology, Cognitive Science, Decision Making, Cognition

Two-hundred undergraduate students completed an anonymous questionnaire after viewing a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine television commercial. Eight-four percent of participants would accept a free HPV vaccine, whereas 47% were unconcerned about future personal HPV infection risk. Males were less likely to accept a free HPV vaccine and to be concerned about future personal HPV infection risk. Perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness was significantly greater among participants who had previously heard of the vaccine and who knew that HPV is sexually transmitted. More education on the role of sexual behavioural characteristics of both males and females in HPV transmission is necessary to promote awareness and concern of personal HPV infection risk and acceptance of HPV vaccination.

- by Trecia Wouldes
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- Program Evaluation, Epidemiology, Sexual Health, Adolescent

The effectiveness of personalized-feedback interventions to reduce problem drinking has been evaluated in several RCTs and systematic reviews. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the overall effectiveness of brief, single-session... more

- by heleen riper
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- Primary Care, Education, Students, Effect size
- by Kristin Vickers
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- Health Behavior, Depression, Tobacco, Physical Activity

a b s t r a c t Keywords: active travel fitness body mass index school students

- by Chris Rissel
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- Transportation, Preventive medicine, Students, Child

We report on the etiology of poor school performance (PSP) in children assessed at a learning disability clinic in western India over 12 months. Specific learning disabilities (dyslexia, dysgraphia and dyscalculia) were the commonest cause of PSP (72.76%), followed by borderline intellectual functioning (8.94%), language barrier (8.54%), and mental retardation (4.88%).

- by Sunil Karande and +2
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- Educational Measurement, Adolescent, India, Students

There is little doubt that family factors can influence involvement in delinquency, although the full nature and extent of their influences remain unclear. In recent decades, testosterone has been increasingly implicated as a contributor to adolescent offending. The present study sought to determine whether two important types of familial factors--parental socioeconomic status and amicable parent-child relationships--are interacting with testosterone (and possibly other androgens) to affect delinquency. A large sample of North American college students self-reported their involvement in eight categories of delinquency along with self-ratings of various androgen-promoted traits (e.g., muscularity and low-deep voice), parental social status, and the quality of the relationships they had with parents. In both sexes, parent-child relationships and androgens were significantly associated with delinquency but parental social status was not. Factor analysis revealed that the authors' m...

- by Lee Ellis
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- Criminology, Psychology, Law, Violence

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of a brief intervention designed to reduce the harmful consequences of heavy drinking among high-risk college students. Students screened for risk while in their senior year of high school (188 women and 160 men) were randomly assigned to receive an individualized motivational brief intervention in their freshman year of college or to a no-treatment control condition. A normative group selected from the entire screening pool provided a natural history comparison. Follow-up assessments over a 2-year period showed significant reductions in both drinking rates and harmful consequences, favoring students receiving the intervention. Although high-risk students continued to experience more alcohol problems than the natural history comparison group over the 2-year period, most showed a decline in problems over time, suggesting a developmental maturational effect.

- by Mary Larimer
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- Psychology, Health Education, Natural History, Treatment Outcome

Asian American Pacific Island college students (N = 93) completed measures of acculturation and mental health worldview, in the form of beliefs about the likely causes of 24 typical counseling presenting problems. A criterion sample of 27 staff from 2 university counseling centers reported their beliefs about the most likely cause of the same 24 problems for a typical client. A response similarity index was calculated, with higher scores reflecting greater similarity between student and counselor mental health worldviews. Results suggest that higher acculturation was associated with greater level of match between the students' etiology beliefs and those of counselors. The greatest differences were observed for serious personal problems, whereas there was more belief convergence about causes of academic problems.

- by Lisa Suzuki
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- Mental Health, Culture, Treatment Outcome, Cultural Diversity

The attitudes and epilepsy-related knowledge of teachers are an important component of the educational experiences of children with epilepsy. Unfortunately however, the exploration of teacher attitudes and knowledge has been extremely limited in the United States. This article describes a survey-based research study of the attitudes and epilepsy-related knowledge of a randomly selected national sample of 512 elementary and middle school teachers in the United States. The questionnaire included the Scale of Attitudes Toward Persons with Epilepsy (ATPE), a summated rating scale that measures both attitudes toward persons with epilepsy and knowledge about epilepsy, as well as a demographic and teaching experience survey and several additional attitude and knowledge items developed by the researchers. The results suggest that although teachersÕ attitudes about epilepsy were generally positive, there were significant deficits in terms of general knowledge about epilepsy, its impact in educational settings, and the appropriate management of epilepsy and seizures in the classroom. Critical areas in which to focus remedial education and outreach efforts are identified.

- by M Bishop
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- Health Education, Quality of life, Epilepsy, Schools

Would it be helpful to inform a driver about when a conflicting traffic situation is going to occur? We tested whether temporal orienting of attention could enhance executive control to select among conflicting stimuli and responses. Temporal orienting was induced by presenting explicit cues predicting the most probable interval for target onset, which could be short (400 ms) or long (1,300 ms). Executive control was measured both by flanker and Simon tasks involving conflict between incompatible responses and by the spatial Stroop task involving conflict between perceptual stimulus features. The results showed that temporal orienting facilitated the resolution of perceptual conflict by reducing the spatial Stroop effect, whereas it interfered with the resolution of response conflict by increasing flanker and Simon effects. Such opposite effects suggest that temporal orienting of attention modulates executive control through dissociable mechanisms, depending on whether the competition between conflicting representations is located at perceptual or response levels.

- by Juan Lupiáñez
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- Psychology, Cognitive Science, Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Control

Wprowadzenie. Wirusowe zapalenie wątroby (WZW) typu C stanowi
poważny problem epidemiologiczny dla ludności całego świata. Z uwagi na
to, że nie ma szczepionki chroniącej przed tym zakażeniem, profilaktyka tej
choroby polega głównie na informowaniu populacji o drogach zakażenia,
czynnikach ryzyka zwiększających możliwość zakażenia oraz możliwościach
zapobiegania zakażeniom wirusem HCV.
Cel badań. Ocena wiedzy na temat WZW typu C wśród studentów
Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi i studentów Politechniki Łódzkiej.
Materiał i metody. Badanie zrealizowano w 2014 r. przy użyciu
kwestionariusza ankiety wśród 134 studentów Zdrowia Publicznego
Uniwersytetu Medycznego i wśród 118 studentów kierunku Zarządzanie
Politechniki Łódzkiej. Kwestionariusz ankiety zawierał pytania dotyczące
typów WZW, szczepionek przeciw WZW, głównych dróg zakażenia wirusem
HCV, grup podwyższonego ryzyka zakażeń wirusem HCV, objawów i powikłań
WZW typu C oraz możliwości leczenia tej choroby.
Wyniki. Wiedza respondentów na temat dróg zakażenia wirusem HCV była
zróżnicowana. 53,2% ogółu badanych zdawało sobie sprawę, że główną
drogą zakażenia wirusem HCV jest droga pozajelitowa. 88,5% badanych
wiedziało, że do zakażenia wirusem HCV może dojść przez kontakt
z zakażoną krwią. 78,2% ankietowanych wyraziło opinię, że wirusem można
zarazić się podczas zabiegów z użyciem zakażonego sprzętu medycznego.
Niemal 3/4 studentów objętych badaniem wiedziało, że w trakcie zabiegów
stomatologicznych, a także przekłuwania skóry i błon śluzowych w salonie
kosmetycznym, można zarazić się wirusem HCV.
Wnioski. W badanej próbie poziom wiedzy na temat zakażeń wirusem
HCV nie jest wystarczający. Badani studenci z Uniwersytetu Medycznego
wykazali się większą wiedzą, niż studenci Politechniki na temat tej choroby,
co najprawdopodobniej spowodowane jest specyfiką programu studiów.
Studenci mają świadomość, iż WZW typu C jest poważnym problemem
epidemiologicznym.

- by Irena Maniecka-Bryla
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- Hepatitis C, Students