Crosslinking Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Materials Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Kinetics, Morphology
- by Nicolas Sbirrazzuoli
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- Engineering, Kinetics, Crosslinking, Degradation
- by Thorsteinn Loftsson
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- Nanoparticles, Hydrogels, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Polymerization
- by Alex A Volinsky
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- Engineering, Crosslinking, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Journal of Applied Polymer Science
- by Syed Imam
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- Comparative Study, Adhesive, Viscosity, Crosslinking
- by andria setyorini
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- Engineering, Optimization, Grafting, Crosslinking
- by Keiko Shirai
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- Organic Chemistry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Morphology, Collagen Cross-linking
- by Lorena Betancor
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- Engineering, Technology, Biotechnology, Adsorption

This work is focused on the preparation of new environmentally friendly hydrogels derived from cellulose and hence originating from renewable resources and characterized by biodegradable properties. Two cellulose derivatives, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), were used for superabsorbent hydrogel preparation. Citric acid (CA), a crosslinking agent able to overcome toxicity and costs associated with other crosslinking reagents, was selected in a heat activated reaction. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and swelling measurements were performed during the reaction progress to investigate the CA reactivity with each of the polymers. Also, CMCNa/HEC polymer mixtures (3/1 w/w) crosslinked with CA were investigated and compared with previous results. Finally, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008

- by Demitri L
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- Engineering, Hydrogels, Polymer Blends, FTIR
- by Esmaiel Jabbari
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- Materials Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Hydrogels, Free Radical

The current research work focuses on the medical application of the cost-effective cross-linked starchnanoparticles, for the transdermal delivery using Diclofenac sodium (DS) as a model drug. The preparedDS-cross-linked starch nanoparticles were synthesized using nanoprecipitation technique at differentconcentrations of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) in the presence of Tween 80 as a surfactant. The resul-tant cross-linked starch nanoparticles loaded with DS were characterized using world-class facilitiessuch as TEM, DLS, FT-IR, XRD, and DSc. The efficiency of DS loading was also evaluated via entrapmentefficiency as well as in vitro release and histopathological study on rat skin. The optimum nanoparticlesformulation selected by the JMP®software was the formula that composed of 5% maize starch, 57.7 mgDS and 0.5% STPP and 0.4% Tween 80, with particle diameter of about 21.04 nm, polydispersity index of0.2 and zeta potential of −35.3 mV. It is also worth noting that this selected formula shows an averageentrapment efficiency of 95.01 and sustained DS release up to 6 h. The histophathological studies usingthe best formula on rat skin advocate the use of designed transdermal DS loaded cross-linked starchnanoparticles as it is safe and non-irritant to rat skin.The overall results indicate that, the starch nanoparticles could be considered as a good carrier forDS drug regarding the enhancement in its controlled release and successful permeation, thus, offeringa promising nanoparticulate system for the transdermal delivery non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID).

- by Manal A . El-Sheikh
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- Drug delivery, FTIR, TEM, DSC
- by Dhananjay Thombare and +1
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- Engineering, Mathematical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Biomedical Engineering
- by Venkataraman Sekkar
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- Materials Science, Chemistry, Modeling, Networks

Poly(methacrylic acid) brushes have been prepared utilizing the “grafting from” technique and a living radical synthesis route using a two stage process. Firstly a poly(1-ethoxyethyl methacrylate) brush was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization and then thermally decomposed to poly(methacrylic acid). The swelling behaviour of the weak polyacid brush was investigated as a function of pH and salt concentration in

- by Jonathan Howse
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- Engineering, Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering
- by Mikael Skrifvars
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- Engineering, Block Copolymer, Crosslinking, CHEMICAL SCIENCES
- by Meghan Smith
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- Engineering, Tissue Engineering, Structure, Morphology
- by Atif Islam
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- Engineering, Hydrogels, Crosslinking, CHEMICAL SCIENCES
- by Kenneth Reifsnider
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- Engineering, Crosslinking, CHEMICAL SCIENCES, Tensile testing
- by Yallapu Murali Mohan
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- Engineering, Morphology, Hydrogels, Silver Nanoparticles
- by Mahmood Iqbal
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- Materials Science, Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Viscosity
- by yuli ast
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- Chemical Engineering, Food Science, Food, Transglutaminase
- by Yue Wu
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- Water, Biotechnology, Nanoparticle, Chitosan
- by Menachem Elimelech
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- Engineering, Modeling, Water Reuse, Desalination
- by Namdev Shelke
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- Organic Chemistry, Polymorphism, Kinetics, Scanning Electron Microscopy
- by ALI Pourjavadi
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- Engineering, Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering
- by Sharathkumar Mendon and +2
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- Engineering, Emulsion polymerization, Crosslinking, CHEMICAL SCIENCES
- by Joseph Keddie
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- Engineering, Materials Engineering, Kinetics, Atomic Force Microscopy

Interpenetrating network (IPN) blend microspheres of poly(vinyl
alcohol) (PVA) and methyl cellulose (MC) were prepared to study
their controlled release (CR) characteristics of two drugs viz., watersoluble losartan potassium (LK) and water-insoluble clopidogrel
bisulphate (CB) that belong to the class of antihypertensive drugs.
Microspheres (dia = 1 µm) were prepared by emulsion crosslinking
method using glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent. Drug-loaded
formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared
(FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate the chemical interactions of drugs
with the IPN matrix. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and
universal testing machine (UTM) were employed to characterize the
developed formulations. Equilibrium swelling of the matrices was
performed in pH 7.4 buffer media, while the in vitro release was
performed in both pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media to understand the
release profiles of the drugs in simulated stomach as well as intestinal
conditions, respectively. The in vitro release data were analyzed
using empirical equations to understand the mode oftransport.

This paper reviews the research reported mostly in the last 10 years in the most common journals on the wood-cement composites field. The focused topics include: the problem of the compatibility (or not) between cement and woods, what causes it, ways of overcoming the problem; methods for manufacture and the properties exhibited by common wood-composites; special techniques to accelerate the curing of cement and to improve the properties of wood-cement composites; manufacture of nonwood vegetable raw materials-cement composites; durability against weathering and fungi; and construction materials. A discussion on the state-of-the-art is also presented. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Forschung der letzten 10 Jahre in den bekanntesten Zeitschriften, die über das Gebiet der Holz-Zement-Werkstoffe berichteten. Die konzentrierten Themen beinhalten: Das Problem der Kompatibilität oder Nicht-Kompatibilität zwischen Zement und Holz, was es verursacht und wie man es überwinden kann; Methoden zur Herstellung und die Eigenschaften, die bei üblichen Holz-Werkstoffen gefunden werden; spezielle Techniken, um die Aushärtung von Zement zu beschleunigen und die Eigenschaften von Holz-Zement-Werkstoffen zu verbessern; die Herstellung von Zement-Werkstoffen aus anderen Pflanzenrohmaterialien; Resistenz gegen Witterung und Pilze sowie Konstruktionsmaterialien. Eine Diskussion als Stand der Forschung wird ebenfalls präsentiert.

- by Catarina Pereira
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- Weathering, Biodegradation, Wood, Raw materials

... doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.02.019 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI Copyright © 2006 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved. Permissions &amp; Reprints. Effects of degree of deacetylation and cross-linking on physical characteristics,... more

- by fawzi H jabrail
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- Organic Chemistry, Kinetics, Controlled release, Crosslinking
- by Thakur Singh
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- Materials Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Kinetics, FTIR spectroscopy
- by Baris Kiskan
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- Materials Engineering, Polymer science, Collagen Cross-linking, Crosslinking
- by Raffaele Lamanna
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- Engineering, Tissue Engineering, Kinetics, Scanning Electron Microscopy
- by Gaetano Lamberti
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- Materials Engineering, Hydrogels, Crosslinking, Polymer Technology
- by Stefano Passerini
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- Engineering, Conducting Polymers, Ionic Liquid, Power
- by Pavinee Chinachoti
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- Animal Production, Crosslinking, Glass Transition, Melting
- by Emilia Ghica
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- Analytical Chemistry, Carbon Nanotubes, Carbon Nanotube, Biosensor
- by Dimitris Argyropoulos
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- Engineering, Catalysis, Morphology, Nanoparticles
- by Patricia Henriques
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- Polyelectrolytes, Chitosan, Nanoparticles, Helicobacter pylori
- by Vinoy Thomas
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- Engineering, Tissue Engineering, Manufacturing, Morphology

PVA/cobalt acetate/zinc acetate doped with boron composite fibers were prepared by electrospinning technique. Electrospinning was performed by putting solutions at
different applied voltage in a range from 13 to 18 kV.
The fibers were measured and characterized by viscometer, conductiometer (with fourpoint probe), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
The viscosity of the Boron doped solution was higher and favoring the formation of thinner and uniform nanofibers. DSC analysis shows that when boron is added to the polymer it increases the crosslinking and amorphous structure of PVA/ cobalt and zinc
acetate composite polymer is increased.

- by Amitav Sanyal
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- Materials Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Dendrimers
- by Syed Imam
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- Comparative Study, Adhesive, Viscosity, Crosslinking