Mayans Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- History, Central America and Mexico, Mesoamerican Archaeology, Aztecs

Maya Blue is a colour that is more than a pigment; it had roles in status, ritual and performance, being daubed onto pots and people before sacrifice. Here researchers use experimental and historical evidence to discover how it was made, including direct scientific analysis of Maya Blue on a pot thrown into the sacred well at Chichén Itzá. The results indicate that the formation of the color was actually part of the ritual.

- by Dean E Arnold and +1
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- Religion, History, Ethnohistory, Archaeology

Despite hundreds of years since its streets fell quiet, the Mayan city of Tikal still stands, a testament to the ingenuity of the Maya people. Hundreds of thousands of tourists make the trek to visit Tikal every year to marvel at the pyramids, temples, and monuments that left little more than clues for archeologists to decipher. What in the World is Tikal? tells the story of this ancient city once populated by the fascinating Maya people and now abandoned in the jungle of Tikal National Park in Guatemala. Topics covered will range from its re-discovery and excavation and its current use as inspiration and settings for many popular films to the physical characteristics of Tikal and the park in which it’s situated. Mayan life will be deeply examined with specific chapters dedicated to the life and culture of Tikal and the story of its many rulers, the history of the Mayans and their enemies, and the impact Mayan culture has had on our modern world. What in the World is Tikal? is an in-depth exploration that strives to educate the general reader on the history and influence of the Mayan city of Tikal.

- by Austin A Mardon
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- Tikal, Mayans

This paper illustrates how different sections of pots are joined by potters in Mexico, Guatemala and among the ancient Incas. Potters in Ticul, Yucatan and Mexico join portions of vessels using moulding and large coils that are drawn up and thinned with a gourd scraper. Potters in the northern Valley of Guatemala also use large thick coils, but join them to mould-made bases. In both locations, potters make very thick joints by a variety of techniques and then thin them with a gourd scraper. Among the ancient Incas, however, potters appeared to use smaller coils. For the base of vessels they used clay discs (for large arybalus) and clay cylinders (cooking pots) to which slabs of clay and parts of the vessel were attached. Both the edges of the coils and the edges of the discs were scored using various patterns to make the clay stick across the joints.

- by Dean E Arnold
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- History, Anthropology, Pottery (Archaeology), Ceramic Technology
- by Christian Irigaray
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- Gnosticism, Ancient Egyptian Religion, History, Ancient History
- by Geoff Stray
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- Calendars, Maya, Mayan Calendar, Mayans

The notion that the ancient Maya used astronomical and/or astrological observations to prophesy that December 21, 2012, will bring physical catastrophes, a radical transformation of human consciousness, or other changes to effect the beginning of a "New Age" is an unanticipated and unintentional consequence of speculation about ancient Maya cosmology by credentialed academic scholars. The 2012 phenomenon (Sitler 2006) has also grown as a result of its interpretation through the lens of speculative metaphysics by individuals with both academic and nonacademic backgrounds .
This article provides a historical review of key
ideas and authors who contributed to the emergence
of mythology about 2012.

- by John W Hoopes
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- Religion, Gnosticism, New Religious Movements, Mythology And Folklore
- by Dean E Arnold
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- Ethnoarchaeology, Central America and Mexico, Mayan Studies, Maya

La presente obra pretende demostrar al lector que cuando hablamos de cultura maya, no sólo aludimos al pasado prehispánico sino que también debemos incluir su presente. Una de las características reconocibles de los mayas fue, es y sigue siendo su capacidad de observación de la naturaleza y con ella, la creación de principios ideológicos basados en la misma.

- by Orlando J Casares Contreras
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- Mayan Studies, Yucatec Maya, Mayas, Mayan Cosmovision

This paper is an ethnographic description of indigenous pottery making in the Valley of Guatemala based on field work conducted between June and August, 1970. Pottery making in four Pokomam-speaking communities were studied extensively: Chinautla, Sacojito, and Durazno to the north of Guatemala City, and Mixco located to the west of Guatemala City. Potters were also visited in the Pokoman-speaking community of Sacoj, and one potter was visited in the Cakchiquel-speaking community of La Cienaga, near the town of San Raimundo. Mixco and La Cienaga made tortilla griddles and the remainder of the communities made a variety of vessels. For both summaries, and in-depth treatments of other aspects of this work, see the following on this site: Arnold, 1978, Arnold et al., 1991 elsewhere on this site; and my book "Ceramic Theory and Cultural Process" (Arnold 1985). Other of my sole- and co-authored articles on this site use data from these communities in formulating tools for interpreting data from compositional analysis.

- by Dean E Arnold
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- Indigenous Studies, Ethnoarchaeology, Ethnography, Maya Archaeology

This essay started as a detailed examination of the history of the slow steps in deciphering and understanding the Long Count calendar of the ancient Maya civilisation. Only by examining the changing developments can we fully understand why certain misconceptions have arisen and are prevalent today. The question of the amount of baktuns in a "great cycle" is an argument that started right at the beginning of decipherment, and should have been settled around 1950, yet it still persists. While answering this question, a unique perspective was developed that is able to explain all three major types of Long Count inscriptions.

- by Geoff Stray
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- Classic Maya (Archaeology), Maya Epigraphy, Mayan Studies, Mayas

La importancia del cabildo catedralicio en la vida valenciana del siglo XVIII y la opinión pública ante las oposiciones a canonjías. Es importante la red de influencias para hacer ganar al candidato de la misma escuela o afín a las ideas... more

La figura de Juan Antonio Mayans y Siscar es relevante tanto por su valía propia como de colaborador de su hermano Gregorio. Vivió mucho tiempo a la sombra de su hermano, pero llevó a cabo una importante labor cultural y ayudó a mantener la memoria de su hermano cuando este falleció en 1781. A pesar de escribir y hablar en castellano, fue un gran defensor de la lengua lemosina y de la cultura valenciana.

- by Vicente León Navarro
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- Ilustración española, Mayans, Politica y religion, Luchas Escolásticas

Años después de la conmoción causada por la guerra de Sucesión, José
Finestres y Gregorio Mayans, dos juristas excepcionales, empezaron a intercambiar opiniones y conocimientos a través de la correspondencia. El núcleo principal de contenidos fue el derecho común romano-canónico y, también, los progresos que lograban en los trabajos que iban emprendiendo.
Finestres inició en 1747 unos "Iuris catalauni elementa" y también una
"De historia iuris catalaunici", pero finalmente desistió del proyecto por causas diversas. Mientras tanto, en Valencia, Mayans trabajaba en una "Historia iuris valentini". El estudio viene a mostrar que ambos juristas se acercan a los respectivos ordenamientos jurídicos, catalán y valenciano, después de la abolición con perspectivas diferentes. El interés del barcelonés fue mayor al principio y trató de consolidarse a mediados de centuria, pero sin resultados patentes. En el caso de Mayans, ese interés crece a partir de 1740, pero parece centrarse en las normas vigentes en materia de regalías. Finalmente, el trabajo viene a mostrar cómo la represión de los vencedores también afectó el ámbito del derecho y la actividad erudita y científica de los juristas.

- by Javier Palao
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- Historia del Derecho, Doctrina jurídica, Mayans, Derecho Civil Foral Valenciano

The volume adopts a renewed comparative approach to Enlightenment poètics on the basis of an analysis of the plurality of meanings theoreticians have bestowed upon the key concepts of the new theoretical system. In a further step the process is defined that makes out of a specific type of literature of the age the typical “enlightened literature”.

- by Josep Solervicens
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- Comparative Literature, Enlightenment, Poetics, Literary Theory
- by Apab'yan Tew
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- Poetics, Mayan Linguistics, K'iche'an Mayan Languages and Cultures, Mayan Studies
- by Rafael Benitez
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- Moriscos, Ilustración, Lead Books of the Sacromonte (Granada), Mayans
- by Dean E Arnold
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- Ethnoarchaeology, Yucatan, Maya, Etnoarchaeology

Rras la expulsión de los jesuitas, el Colegio de San Pablo de Valencia pasó a dirigirlo Joaquín Segarra. Su labor fue muy criticada por Mayans. Tampoco acertó Domingo Moricó. El número de alumnos descendió a favor de los escolapios. Este... more

- by Dean E Arnold
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- History, Anthropology, Ceramic Technology, Maya Archaeology
- by Dean E Arnold
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- History, Anthropology, Ceramic Technology, Maya Archaeology
- by Marie Andre G. Schlesinger
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- Politics, Liberty, Guatemala, Mayans

"This paper explores the means by which potters in Ticul, Yucatan, Mexico, materialized their social memory in the gremio festival to honor a ‘Black Christ.’ The gremio’s ‘Black Christ’ is associated with the emergence of a unique indigenous Yucatecan identity in the 17th century, but the gremio activities also materially express occupation, social class, kinds of social relations, and multiple levels of social identity in their performance and in material culture such as banners and pottery. Our study demonstrates the kinds of phenomena involved in creating and evoking social memory and suggests the ways that the study of the Maya present can reveal the many ways that memory about the past is performed and expressed.

Este ponencia describe los cambios en la poblacion de alfareros y en las unidades de producion alfarera en Ticul, Yucatan desde 1965. Entre 1965 y 1997, el autor visitaba Ticul diez veces, haciendo una variedad de metodos para hacer una... more

- by Dean E Arnold
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- Ethnoarchaeology, Yucatan, Maya, Etnoarchaeology
- by David Caballero Mariscal
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- Spirituality, Religiosity, Identity, Guatemala
- by Vicente León Navarro
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- Ilustración, Mayans, Erudición Humanística