Microstrip Patch Antenna Research Papers (original) (raw)

This paper proposes an Octagonal shaped planar antenna design and its performance in wireless communication applications by using split ring technique as a reconfigurability. The proposed antenna has a dimension of 22x26x1.6 mm 3 • The frequency bandwidth obtained after simulation is 2GHz-lOGHz. The prototype antenna is fabricated on the FR4 high-frequency substrate over 70 x 70 mm 2 board. This antenna was measured by Vector Network analyzer for the maximum frequency of lOGHz, compared with the simulation results and reasonable agreement was obtained. Split ring technique is introduced on the patch, to filter unwanted frequencies. Simulation Gain plot confirms that particular range of frequency is suppressed.

- by and +1
- •
- Microstrip Patch Antenna
- by MOHD SHAH
- •
- Data Analysis, Microstrip Antenna, Impedance Matching, Dielectric Constant

In this paper, array of microstrip patch antenna is designed for communication in wireless application in L-BAND. Single element and 2x1 array of rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed and simulated by a full wave simulator (IE3D). Two rectangles of length 42mm and width 38.9mm with asymmetric slots is simulated. The design is fabricated on ground with relative permittivity (€r) of 2.2 and thickness 1.6mm. This design has a resonance frequency of 2.44 GHz and achieved a return loss of-41.4176dB. Coaxial feeding is used in this antenna design. Some other important parameters of simulated results of the proposed antenna such as Return loss, Smith chart, directivity, gain are also mentioned and discussed. The proposed design finds application in L-BAND especially in BLUETOOTH devices. General Terms-Array of rectangular Microstrip patch antenna. Keywords-Microstrip patch antenna (MPA), Rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA), Array of Rectangular Microstrip patch antenna (ARMPA), L-Band Applications.

- by FOREX Publication
- •
- Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this paper, a comparative study of micro-strip patch antenna feeding method has been performed. Two different excitation methods, namely edge feed strip line and inset feed strip line has been used to excite the antenna. Antenna prototypes have been designed and simulated to perform the desired project. Different characteristics of antenna such as returnloss, VSWR, gain has been obtained, to get the response of radiating structure. Obtained characteristics of "Antenna 1", which is an inset feed system shows return loss of -17.90 dB, -45.09 dB and -22.10 dB at matching frequency of 2.09 GHz, 3.54 GHz and 4.01GHz. "Antenna 2", has return loss of -17.90 dB at centre frequency of 2.06 GHz . "Antenna 2" is edge strip line feed system. Gain of "Antenna1" and "Antenna2" is found to be 4.74 and 4.54 dBi respectively.

- by shradha sanal
- •
- Engineering, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Return Loss

In this paper, a printed Yagi antenna with an integrated balun is proposed for CubeSat communications. The printed antenna is mechanically adjustable to realize three functional states at different operating frequencies in the L-band and S-band respectively. Three different angle deployments are proposed at 10°, 50° and 90°, so that the antenna operates at three different operating frequencies, namely 1.3 GHz (L-band), 2.4 GHz (S-band) and 3 GHz (S-band). The measured results of the fabricated antenna are well matched with the simulation, having frequencies of 2.82–3.07 GHz, 1.3–1.4 GHz and 2.38–2.57 GHz, with similar radiation patterns. The measured gain of the antenna is 8.167 dBi at 2.4 GHz, 5.278 dBi at 1.3 GHz and 6.120 dBi at 3 GHz. Keeping within the general theme of cheap off the shelf components for CubeSats, this antenna design allows the CubeSat designers to choose from three popular frequencies, through a simple angle configuration. The main contribution of this work lie...

In this manuscript, a review of dual band microstrip antennas for wireless communication is presented. This review manuscript discusses regarding the geometric structures, different methods of analysis for antenna characteristics, and... more

- by IJAAS Journal
- •
- Wireless Communications, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Dual Band

Narrow bandwidth and high loss performance limits the use of reflectarray antennas in some applications. This article reports on the feasibility of employing strategic reflectarray resonant elements to characterize the reflectivity performance of reflectarrays in X-band frequency range. Strategic reflectarray resonant elements incorporating variable substrate thicknesses ranging from 0.016λ to 0.052λ have been analyzed in terms of reflection loss and reflection phase performance. The effect of substrate thickness has been validated by using waveguide scattering parameter technique. It has been demonstrated that as the substrate thickness is increased from 0.508mm to 1.57mm the measured reflection loss of dipole element decreased from 5.66dB to 3.70dB with increment in 10% bandwidth of 39MHz to 64MHz. Similarly the measured reflection loss of triangular loop element is decreased from 20.25dB to 7.02dB with an increment in 10% bandwidth of 12MHz to 23MHz. The results also show a significant decrease in the slope of reflection phase curve as well. A Figure of Merit (FoM) has also been defined for the comparison of static phase range of resonant elements under consideration. Moreover, a novel numerical model based on analytical equations has been established incorporating the material properties of dielectric substrate and electrical properties of different reflectarray resonant elements to obtain the progressive phase distribution for each individual reflectarray resonant element.

Microstrip antennas are currently one of the rapid growing antennas in modern telecommunication industry. Research has been carried out in the recent past to improve the efficiency and performance of these patch antennas. The objective of this paper is to design and fabricate a 16 element rectangular microstrip patch array antenna in S-band frequency range. The simulation has been performed utilizing ADS software and the proposed antenna provided a return loss of-21.7 dB at 2.45 GHz and-19.6 dB at 2.54GHz. However, the gain of the antenna is found to be 13dBi. Since the resonant frequency of this antenna ranges from 2.378 to 2.594GHz, which is suitable for S-band applications such as WLAN (802.11b) and WiMAX in Libya.

- by Zeyad M Elkwash and +1
- •
- Microstrip Antennas and Arrays, IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), Microstrip Patch Antenna

This work presents the analysis of the tapered microstrip patch antenna by the Wave Concept Iterative Procedure, WCIP. The resonant frequencies variation with the patch dimensions and how to include it as project flexibility is discussed. The behavior of the electric fields is presented and analyzed for the first two resonant frequencies. Numerical and measured results are compared and a good agreement is observed.

- by Glauco Fontgalland and +1
- •
- Microstrip Antenna, PATCH ANTENNA, Electric Field, Microstrip Patch Antenna

This paper presents design and simulation of wide
band elliptical ring patch antenna with arc truncation in K-band
for mobile communication application. Elliptical ring’s intrinsic
geometry leads to single feed circular polarization and high
radiation efficiency so making it suitable for implementing on
array and as well as for practical application were low losses are
salient features. Antenna have large bandwidth and circular
polarization at resonant frequency of 19.8 GHz and is suitable
for satellite to mobile high speed communication were large free
spectrum is required which is unavailable at lower frequencies.
In K-band simulated results shows 20% impedance bandwidth
and 110 MHz circular polarization band. Parametric study of
antenna’s figure of merit i.e. return loss and axial ratio with
radius of truncating circle is also illustrated.

This paper present the design and simulation of a single band microstrip patch antenna for 5G wireless application operating at 60GHz. The design is carried on Roger RT5880 with 2.2 dielectric, 0.0009 loss tangent and 0.003 mm thickness using inset feeding. The overall dimension of the patch antenna is 2.9 × 3.5 mm 2 , two rectangular U-slot in conjunction with H-slot were loaded into the radiator to enhance the antenna bandwidth. The antenna is design and simulated and the analysis were carried out on CST studio. The antenna achieve a maximum reflection coefficient of about-41.648731 dB at 60 GHz with a very wide bandwidth of about 30 GHz and 8.82 dB realized gain.

In recent times, there has been an explosive growth in wireless communications. With a rapid advance in wireless communication systems and an increasing importance of other wireless applications, antennas which are designed to address more than one band/service at time are in great demand in both commercial as well as military sectors. This booming demand has resulted in a renewed interest in multiband antennas. In this project a study of existing popular techniques for generating multiple bands of resonance and corresponding multiband antenna designs has been presented. Furthermore, a novel and compact dual band planar antenna for 2.4/5.2/5.8-GHz wireless local area network (WLAN), 2.3/3.5/5.5GHz Worldwide Inter-operability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Bluetooth applications is proposed and studied in this report. The antenna comprises of an L-shaped radiating element which is coupled with a ground shorted parasitic resonator to generate three resonant modes for tri-band operation. The L-shaped element which is placed on top of the substrate is fed by a 50 ohm microstrip feed line and is responsible for the generation of a wide band at 5.5 GHz. The parasitic resonator is placed on the other side of the substrate and is directly connected to the ground plane. The presence of the parasitic resonator gives rise to two additional resonant bands at 2.3 GHz and 3.5 GHz. Thus, together the two elements generate three resonant bands to cover WLAN, WiMAX and Bluetooth bands of operation while occupying a small area of around 15.9 mm x 7.4 mm. Important antenna parameters such as return loss, radiation pattern, peak gains and radiation effciencies in the operating bands have been studied in detail. Finally, the antenna has been compared with some recently proposed designs with respect to performance and other features to prove that the proposed design is a promising candidate for the aforementioned wireless technologies.

- by Peshal Nayak
- •
- Antennas, Microstrip antenna design, Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this paper two rectangular microstrip patch antennas are designed to operate in and bands, using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The designed antenna can be used for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications. The RO4350B hydrocarbon ceramic laminates from ROGRES corporation substrate is chosen in the design of the dielectric substrate of the antennas. The designed antenna has low profile, low cost, easy fabrication and good isolation. The parameters such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), antenna gain, radiation pattern has been simulated and analyzed.

- by Rawaz H Abdullah
- •
- Engineering, Computer Science, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Microwave Strip Antenna

Microstrip patch antennas are low profile , conformable, easy, inexpensive, and versatile in terms of realization and are thus been widely used in a various useful applications. This paper discusses different microstrip patch antennas designed over an operating frequency range 1.5 GHz using the substrate material Flame Retardant 4 (FR-4) lossy which has a dielectric constant of 4.3. These circuits were designed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The parameters such as return loss, efficiency and directivity are simulated, analyzed and compared.

In this paper a brief study of various designs of microstrip patch antenna used for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications in Ultra High Frequency band (860-960MHZ) is presented. Various characteristics of different antenna structures are also discussed. The main problem of RFID reader antenna is its size, these antennas should be small in size and achieving circular polarization. So it is necessary to design a small size antenna with required specifications.

- by IJEEE APM
- •
- Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation, Microstrip Patch Antenna

Use of discontinuities in ground planes or in microstrip lines is currently employed to improve the performance of different passive circuits. It includes size reduction of amplifiers; enhancement of filter characteristics and applications to suppress harmonics in patch antennas. This paper presents an improved method of size reduction of a microstrip antenna using Defected Microstrip Structure. It does so by

- by Geetam Tomar
- •
- Computer Science, Microstrip Antennas, Communication systems, Microstrip Antenna

Here we used silk as the dielectric substrate having relative permittivity of 4.5.The antenna is fed with co-axial feed.

- by Daya Murali Singamsetti and +1
- •
- Microstrip Antennas, Microstrip antenna design, Microstrip Patch Antenna

Une antenne à éléments rayonnants imprimés, communément appelée antenne patch est une ligne micro ruban de forme particulière.

— In the context of Wireless Body Sensor Networks for healthcare and pervasive applications, textile antennas allow an ubiquitous monitoring, communication, energy harvesting and storage. This paper presents a smart coat with a dual-band textile antenna for Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting, operating at GSM 900 and DSC 1800 bands, which is fully embedded in the garment. Results obtained before and after the integration of the antenna into the garment are compared. The gain obtained in the simulation is about 1.8 dBi and 2.06 dBi, with radiation efficiency of 82% and 77,6% for the lowest and highest operating frequency bands, respectively.

- by Caroline Loss
- •
- Antennas, Wearable Technologies, Textile Engineering, Smart Textiles

Microstrip rectangular patch antennas are attracting the attention of antenna designer, because of attractive advantages such low profile, light weight, easy of fabrication etc. but it also suffering with some drawbacks of low gain, narrow band width. These drawbacks can be overcome by some extent by taking care in design of antenna. There are many parameters effecting the radiating characteristics of antenna but in present project we are considering feeding of power to antenna because this plays important role. Here we are considering three different feed methods such as coaxial feed, inset feed and cut feed and their effects on radiating characteristics were analyzed on comparing with one to each other. The design was done in Ansoft HFSS version 13. The results of return loss S(3)and VSWR are presented.

Antenna is the backbone of every communication system. It is a device which helps to transform an RF signal travelling in a conductor into an electromagnetic wave in free space and vice versa. With the advancement of wireless technology, Yagi-Uda antenna has become very important in modern communication system because of its simplicity, low cost and relatively high gain [1]. Again, microstrip antennas are also considered as the most common types of antennas due to their obvious advantages e.g. light weight, low profile, suitable for arrays, easy fabrication etc. But these antennas inherently have narrower bandwidth and lower gain compared to conventional bulky antennas. With some special topologies (like quasi-Yagi planar reflector antenna), microstrip antenna can replace the conventional bulky antennas . This research work aims to design and fabricate a novel structure of quasi-Yagi antenna with high gain and bandwidth at a resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz (S band). It also includes an extensive analysis over most suitable feeding methods, performance variation for using different substrates and optimization by simulating the radiation patterns for varying number of elements (directors). The fabricated antenna can be used for radio location, data communications, WLAN, TV receiving antennas and ultra-wide band wireless applications.

- by Hasanur Rahman Chowdhury
- •
- Microstrip Patch Antenna, Yagi Uda Antenna

— This paper presents the effects of superstrate & designed to enhance the performance parameters of rectangular microstrip patch antennas. The modified split ring resonator (MSRR) is used in design. At frequency 2.2 GHz, the microstrip patch antenna is designed with the help of superstrate. Metamaterial superstrate is a significant method to obtain high directivity of one or a few antennas. In this paper, the characteristics of directivity enhancement using metamaterial structures as antenna superstrates that is artificial magnetic superstrate. This design helps to enhance gain and efficiency of microstrip patch antenna at resonance frequency. The simulated and observative results through HFSS, 10 db impedance bandwidth of rectangular microstrip patch antenna is at 2.2 GHz, The radiation efficiency, gain and directivity of proposed antenna are presented at 2.2 GHz. The coding has been done by MATLAB and simulation results has been done by HFSS.

An accurate and simple design procedure for a circular microstrip patch untenna io operate in the dominant mode is obtained, for which it is not necessary to compute ihe conventional design theory, involving the Bessel function. The design equations presented in this article provide for the design of a circular microstrip antenna, in a direct way, for specified resonant resistance and gain in the desired ,frequency. From ihis design theory, it is found that the effective gain of u circular microsirip antenna in the dominant mode can be evaluated measuring resonant resistance only. This is also verified experimentaiiy. 0 199.1 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.

- by jIBENDU sEKHAR rOY
- •
- Design Theory, Microstrip Antenna, Optical physics, Dielectric Constant

The microstrip patch antenna in rectangular shape and inset feed line is designed. It is analysed using IE3D software. The size of proposed antenna is 49.41mm X 41.36mm. The antenna is designed for 2.4 GHz frequency for ISM band. This frequency band is very useful for industrial, scientific and medical applications. The antenna parameters like return loss, smith chart, VSWR, radiation pattern of designed antenna are reported.

A high-gain, low-cost millimeter-wave hybrid antenna is presented. The designed antenna consists of a dielectric spherical lens with low dielectric constant fed with microstrip patch antenna. The design parameters for achieving optimal operation of the proposed hybrid antenna are analyzed extensively in order to understand the antenna operation and improve its performance and haracteristics. The impedance bandwidth of the prototype is ~6.7%. A high gain of 21.7dB is achieved at 60 GHz using a 2 cm iameter dielectric lens. The proposed antenna is suitable for nlicensed millimeterwave ISM-band applications.

A design of small sized, low profile patch antenna is proposed for BLUETOOTH applications at 2.4GHz frequency with inset feeding technique. The patch is design with different parameters like return loss, VSWR, directivity along two directions, radiation pattern in 2-D and 3-D, smith cart , impedance matching are simulated using CST Microwave Studio simulation software. Designed antenna is simulated on FR4 substrate with loss tangent tanδ=0.02. The proposed antenna based on co-axial feed configuration has the maximum achievable bandwidth obtained about 818 MHz (2.35-2.44 GHz) at -10 dB reflection coefficient which corresponds to Bluetooth 2.4 GHz frequency band and the maximum achievable directivity is 6.32 dBi. Simulation and measurement results are compared and discussed.

- by Alper YILDIRIM
- •
- Microstrip Antenna, High Power, Three Dimensional, Microstrip Patch Antenna

This paper described the design of microstrip patch antenna array operating at 2.4 GHz for Wireless Video using point to point communication system. The array of four by four microstrip square patch antennas with inset feed technique were designed, simulated, fabricated and measured with the aid of microwave office software. The simulation and measurement results are able to operate in ISM band for point to point communication system. The four by four arrays had a return loss of-8 dB with 16% bandwidth. The gain obtained from measurement is 14 dBi with 30 o half power beamwidth (HPBW) for H plane and 28 o for E Plane.

- by Thelaha Masri
- •
- Microstrip Antenna, Communication System, Wireless Lan, Antenna Array

In this paper, a basic linearly polarised microstrip square patch antenna operating at 2.4 GHz is proposed. We have modified the basic microstrip square patch antenna with rectangular shape slits, V shape slits and truncated corners to achieve circular polarization. Basically we have designed five different antennas to meet the specification. The various antennas have been simulated, fabricated and the performance has been tested on network analyser (Agilent Technologies: N9912A, SNMY51464189, ROHDE & SCHWARZ: ZVL13, 9 KHz to 13.6GHz,). The simulated and tested performance shows close agreement with each other. The various structures used in this study are microstrip square patch radiator, microstrip square patch radiator with truncated corner, rectangular slits, truncated corner with rectangular slits and V shape slits. The experiment results show rectangular slits with truncated corners in the main square patch and rectangular slits in the main square patch provide better performance with respect to the antenna parameters. Designed antenna is compact and provides circular polarization at the required operating frequency of 2.4GHz with improved bandwidth and gain. The use of circularly polarized antennas presents an attractive solution to achieve this polarization match which allows for more flexibility in the angle between transmitting and receiving antennas. It gives the following advantages such as reduction in the effect of multipath reflections, decrease in transmission losses, enhancement of weather penetration and allowing any orientation to the communication system.

- by r sreemathy
- •
- Engineering, Microstrip Antennas, Electron Microscopy, Wireless Communications

A PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF USING THE AETHERS.

- by MIKE EMERY
- •
- Physics, Theoretical Physics, Quantum Physics, Solid State Physics

Smart antennas in the recent days are considered interested for improving the performance of wireless communication in different field. Smart antennas as systems of antennas include huge variety of techniques that tries to increase the received signal strength, suppress the interfering signals, and hence increase the over all SNR of the system. The supreme objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the status of research in the area of smart antennas, and to relate it with the present scenario of wireless communication systems. Adding value to the paper it also briefly describes the different adaptive algorithms used in the smart antenna systems which are currently used for array processing LMS, RLS and CMA their variants like NLMS, MILMS, BBNLMS, NLVFFRLS, LCMA, OCMA, SMI etc. Moreover, it is also shown how smart antennas; can provide substantial additional improvement when used with TDMA and CDMA digital-communication systems for spatial processing. Direction of Arrival (DOA) is also consider as one of the important parameter of smart Antenna and hence discussed in the paper. In today scenario when demand for the spectrum is increasing very rapidly, proper usage of spectrum is must and smart antenna is one the emerging technology which can fill the requirement.

The Indian regional navigational satellite system
(IRNSS) is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system
being developed by the Indian Space Research Organization
(ISRO) which would be under complete control of the Indian
Government. The requirement of such a navigation system is
driven by the fact that access to Global Navigation Satellite
System, GPS is not guaranteed in hostile situations. Design of
IRNSS antenna at user segment is mandatory. The simulated
Microstrip patch antenna operates on the frequency of L5 band
(1176.45 MHz) which is used for positioning services. Its
parameters are enhanced by making 2x8 array with Teflon
substrate, increasing gain, directivity, and efficiency to 17.3dB,
18.1dBi and 95.58% respectively. For fabrication purpose
substrate FR4 substrate can be used for which 10.1dB gain and
15.4dBi directivity is obtained till 2x8 array. Results of
simulation are compared with hardware results using Vector
network analyzer for two models of all array.

- by Raj Hakani
- •
- Antennas, Microstrip Antennas and Arrays, Microstrip antenna design, Antenna arrays

Page 1. Design of Microstrip Patch Antennas Using Neural Network Vivek Singh Kushwah and *Geetam Singh Tomar; Member IEEE Amity School of Engineering &amp;amp; Technology, New Delhi India *Vikrant Institute of Technology... more

- by Geetam Tomar
- •
- Microstrip Antennas, Neural Networks, Microstrip Antenna, Neural Network

This paper presents the general design of microstrip antennas using artificial neural networks for rectangular patch geometry. The design consists of synthesis in the forward side and then analyzed as the reverse side of the problem. In this work, the neural network is employed as a tool in design of microstrip antennas. The neural network training algorithms are used in

- by Geetam Tomar
- •
- Microstrip Antennas, Neural Networks, Microstrip Antenna, Neural Network

This paper presents a microstrip patch antenna with diagonally symmetrical slots for RFID applications. The unequal length center slots with four rectangular slots on its diagonal axes are embedded onto the square patch radiator. These slots are introduced to achieve compact size. The coaxial feed is used to excite the proposed antenna. The antenna is fabricated using FR4 Dielectric Substrate (relative permittivity =4.4, loss tangent=0.001) and coaxial feed. These designed antennas are fabricated and used in real time applications. Microstrip Patch Antenna using IE3D software and study the effect of antenna dimensions Length (L),and substrate parameters, relative Dielectric constant, substrate thickness (t) on the Radiation parameters of Bandwidth and Beam-width.

- by IJSRD Journal
- •
- Microstrip Patch Antenna, VSWR, Return Loss, Rfid Reader Antenna

This paper presents the simulation model of an inset fed Coplanar Patch Antenna for X band satellite communication. Inset feed provides an easy impedance matching and better return loss value. The simulated results show that coplanar patch antenna has high radiation efficiency and comprises of a wider bandwidth as compared to a microstrip patch antenna. A radiation efficiency of approximately 98% and an impedance bandwidth equal to 17.8% is obtained for a coplanar patch antenna. There is an increment of 10.5% in radiation efficiency of the coplanar patch antenna then microstrip patch antenna. A brief comparison between Coplanar and Microstrip Patch Antenna is also presented. All the designs presented in this paper are simulated using electromagnetic simulation software Ansoft HFSS v13.

Microstrip antennas are the most common antennas widely implemented in different communication systems due their small size, low profile and conformity to planar, and non-planar surfaces. In this research work, the design and simulation of an innovative single element inset-fed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA) for X-band application is presented. The proposed design used an operating frequency of 10 GHz, a Rogers RO4350 substrate with dielectric constant of 3.66, and a substrate height of 31 mil. The antenna performance characteristics such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, directivity, beamwidth, and radiation efficiency were obtained in the simulation. The simulation results showed that the designed antenna resonated at 10 GHz, with a return loss of -19.61 dB, bandwidth of 226.2MHz, VSWR of 1.82, gain of 6.58 dBi, directivity of 6.83 dBi, a wider beamwidth of 115.2°, and an antenna efficiency of 94.2%. The novel antenna can be embedded in wireless devices for commercial WLAN and WiMAX applications and onboarding on radar and satellite wireless communication systems for various surveillance and communication purposes.

Microstrip patch antenna was designed in ADS (Advance Design System) Momentum. The resonant frequency of which is 9.65 GHz. RT-DURROID 5880 is used as a substrate for this microstrip patch array design. The patch was excited using a quarter wave transmission line. The transmission line perfectly matched to the impedance of the rectangular patch. The design is simulated in momentum simulator. Various parameters of this simulation were compared with simulation values from an equivalent network of the patch antenna (including feed line).

- by Ekku Kml
- •
- Engineering, Computer Science, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Microwave Strip Antenna

Metamaterials or left-handed materials are man-made structures.
They have properties like negative refractive index that is not found in
natural materials. Metamaterials that is designed by placing
electromagnetic resonators like split ring resonators (SRRs) in a periodic
array is among the most popular designs. Split ring resonators when
placed next to antennas as a cover, it will improve the gain of the antenna.
Split ring resonator when slotted on patches, it causes a size reduction.
Microstrip patch antennas have become one of the most popular
antennas because they have many advantages such as low-profile, light
weight, and low cost of fabrication. Designing of microstrip patches are utilized from fractal geometry. Fractal shapes exhibit antennas more
improved in its parameters.
In this thesis, six classical and four fractal unit cell metamaterials
are designed and their parameters are calculated using retrieval method
by HFSSV13 code for electromagnetic structure simulation. Permittivity,
permeability, and negative refractive index are calculated. These shapes
show left-handed behavior in their resonance frequencies. The study of effect of metamaterial unit cells on antenna
parameters lies in two categories, gain enhancement and size reduction.
Meta-cover of classical and fractal unit cells is placed above Quadruple
Koch, Peano, and Snowflake antennas. Good results of gain enhancement
and side lobe reduction are obtained. Enhancement of some models of
fractal meta-cover equals 5 dB. Split ring resonator and Hilbert ring are
slotted on antenna patch and ground plane of the antenna respectively.
Two models are proposed, First iteration of Peano and Snowflake
antennas. A good result of size reduction is obtained. The reduction in Peano antenna equals to 41%. Quadruple Koch and Peano antennas are
studied experimentally. These models are fabricated and measured using
vector network analyzer. Good agreement of measured and calculated
results is obtained. In the future work more than two layers will be
investigated with different angles relative to the antenna plane.

This dissertation is dedicated to my father Dr. Turki Nassar for being the perfect father role model, for his inspiration, and for sacrificing all his life for our family and country, to my mother Rasmiah Nassar for her encouragement, continuous prayers, and belief in me, to my dear wife Hend for being a great Jordanian Arabic Muslim wife, being always optimistic, tolerating my seemingly excessive work and study times, and her sustainable and unconditional love, and to my beautiful princess daughter Rasmiah for always making me smile and lighthearted. They all are the secret behind my success.

- by Ibrahim Nassar and +1
- •
- Antennas, Remote Sensing, Wireless Sensor Networks, Microstrip Antennas and Arrays
- by Mohammed Umair
- •
- Electrical Engineering, Control Systems Engineering, Physics, Optics

A compact, circular UWB fractal antenna with triple reconfigurable notch rejection bands is proposed. It rejects the crowded frequency bands WiMAX, WLAN and X band interferences produced in UWB communication systems. The proposed fractal structure consists of a basic circular patch with circular fractal iterations. By employing this new structure of fractals, the overall size of antenna is reduced 53% to 21x25 mm, in comparison with traditional circular monopole antenna. The implemented antenna operates at 3.1-10 GHz. Re-configurability is realized by designing slots and split ring resonators in desired frequencies with the attached PIN diodes. WLAN band rejection was realized by creating a pair of optimized L-shaped slots in the ground plane. By etching a split ring resonator and a U-shaped slot, X and WiMAX bands were also rejected. Furthermore, by attaching diodes to aforementioned slots and designating the diodes on/off, different bands can be included or rejected. In time domain, the antenna properties are evaluated by a figure of merit called fidelity factor. Finally, the antenna properties are measured in anechoic chamber and the results agrees with simulation findings.

The purpose of this paper is to design a rectangular patch microstrip antenna using tapered line Transfer coupled feed with complete mathematical calculations and the results are simulated using IE3D software with an operating frequency of 5 GHz. It is a low profile patch antenna for wireless application. If we design the same antenna using Transfer coupled without tapering the line then return losses is very high and after tapering of line the return losses of the antenna has been decreases. Microstrip patch antennas are widely used because they are compact in size, light in weight and easy to integrate on any device. The performance measures of antenna return loss, voltage standing wave ratio, radiation pattern is calculated which shows that the antenna performance was good and results were optimum.

ABSTRAK Antena mikrostrip adalah salah satu solusi untuk pengembangan teknologi komunikasi Long Term Evolution (LTE). Dengan bentuk yang sederhana namun spesifikasi tidak kalah dengan antena jenis lainnya, membuat antena mikrostrip banyak diminati. Penelitian ini membahas perancangan antena mikrostrip segiempat dengan teknik pencatuan proximity coupled untuk jaringan LTE dan dapat mereduksi dimensi antena sehingga membuat Bandwidth menjadi lebar dengan return loss yang tajam. Teknik ini juga dapat meningkatkan Gain dan Bandwidth antena. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang antena mikrostrip rectangle dengan teknik pencatuan proximity coupled yang dapat bekerja pada jaringan LTE pada frekuensi 3.8 GHz, yang bertujuan untuk mereduksi dimensi antena sehingga memiliki bandwidth lebar, dan meningkatkan gain serta menganalisa prinsip kerja antara antena mikrostrip rectangle tanpa proximity coupled dengan teknik pencatuan proximity coupled. Metodologi penelitian yang dilakukan adalah studi literatur, pembuatan, uji coba alat dan pengukuran dan analisa. Berdasarkan data hasil pengujian dan analisa diperoleh hasil frekuensi resonansi = 3.8 GHz, return loss =-34.25 dB, polarisasi yaitu berbentuk omnidirectional, bandwidth = 232 MHz, dimana frekuensi lower = 3,700 MHz, dan frekuensi upper = 3,932 MHz, VSWR = 1.04, dan gain sebesar 4.64 dB pada hasil iterasi dan simulasi. Peningkatan return loss, VSWR, gain¸dan bandwidth dengan cara iterasi juga digunakan untuk perancangan antena mikrostrip proximity coupled agar mendapatkan hasil yang lebih optimal. Peningkatan return loss = 79%, VSWR = 25%, gain = 52%¸dan bandwidth = 90%. Hal tersebut terjadi karena perubahan parameter antena dengan cara iterasi dan keuntungan dari teknik pencatuan proximity coupled dengan menambah satu substrat untuk meningkatkan performansi antena.

In this paper, a compact elliptical dual-band microstrip antenna fed with a coplanar waveguide is presented. The proposed antenna is designed and analyzed using a 3-D full-wave electromagnetic software named, High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software based on finite element method (FEM). The design adopts a bi-layer substrate configuration where the elliptical radiating patch is printed on a Rogers RO3010 substrate of dimensions 2.265x2x0.75mm 3 , with a dielectric constant of 10.2 and loss tangent of 3.5.10-3 at 9.4 GHz on which the radiating patch occupies a surface area of 0.754mm 2. Moreover, Rogers RO3010 is placed on the top of another dielectric, which is a Rogers RO4350B, having a relative permittivity constant of 3.66 and loss tangent of 4.10-3 at 9.4 GHz. The antenna operates at 28GHz and 38GHz, two of the selected bands allocated to 5G by International Telecommunications Union. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves a minimum wide bandwidth of 4.14GHz and a constant gain of 6dB over the operating frequency range. As a miniaturized antenna, its electric characteristics (impedance, bandwidth, radiation efficiency and gain) along with the antenna's size have been chosen as comparison parameters with those found in recent research works. In addition, previous electric parameters, together with the return loss and VSWR have been selected for the proposed Elliptical antenna that have been improved by inserting two F-shaped slots in the ground plane. These slots in the ground plane are well-known as Defected Ground Structure (DGS) technique.

- by Pierre MOUKALA MPELE and +2
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- Antennas, Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation, Network Security, Computer Networks

—A novel S-band patch antenna system for Earth-observing cubesat satellites is presented. It consists of four rectangular patches with a reconfigurable radiation pattern depending on the antenna-feed network. The configuration choice is conducted taking into account its influence on the satellite mission downlink power-budget. Measurements shows a good impedance match at the desired frequency (2450 M Hz) with a maximum gain of 3.7 dBi, a main lobe direction of 42 • and an angular width of 60.5 • .

— Two CPW-fed monopoles was designed on FR4 substrate, dielectric constant is 4.4 with height 1 mm and 26*30 mm 2 plane area with reconfigurable rejection band characteristics in the frequency range between 5 and 6 GHz. The first antenna uses a λ/2 long, C-shaped slot and the second antenna uses two symmetrically placed λ/4 long, inverted L-shaped stubs as resonating elements. Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switches are used to activate and deactivate the resonating elements without the need of dc bias lines due to use of a novel MEMS switch. Surface current distributions are used to explain the effect of the additional resonating elements. Reflection coefficient radiation pattern and gain measurements are presented to verify the design concepts featuring a very satisfactory performance.

- by Deepak Kumar
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- Microstrip Patch Antenna