Pericoronitis Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Pericoronitis is inflammation of the soft tissue associated with the crown of a partially erupted tooth. It is seen most commonly in relation to the mandibular third molar. The common symptoms and signs are pain, swelling, trismus, halitosis, bad taste, inflammation of pericoronal flap and pus discharge from underneath it, inflammation sometimes aggravated by trauma from an antagonist tooth. In severe episodes, an acute pericoronal abscess may develop which may remain localized or spread to involve one or more of the adjacent deep surgical spaces and may be associated with systemic as well as local signs and symptoms. The treatment for acute phase include debridement of plaque and food debris, drainage of pus, irrigation with sterile saline, chlorhexidine or hydrogen peroxide, elimination of occlusal trauma and prophylactic antibiotic along with analgesics. The treatment planning for surgical intervention will be made after acute phase subsided. An extraction of partially or completely impacted third molar should be done. If the decision has taken to retain the tooth, in such circumstances removal of pericoronal flap can be done.

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- Periodontics, Periodontology, Periodontal Disease, Clinical Periodontics

The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of pericoronitis associated with retained third molars in patients treated in the University of Yucatán School of Dentistry (FOUADY for the Spanish acronym). One hundred patients between the ages of 16 and 82 were studied, with retained third molars. Of the 100 patients studied, 67% (n=67) had pericoronitis. Of these, 33% (n=22) had developed secondary facial infections. Average age of the patients was 27. Pain was the main symptom and the prevailing location was vertical, class I, type A according to Pell and Gregory. Considering the high prevalence in our study of pericoronitis, it is important to establish preventive measures consistingoftheirearlyevaluationandcure,thus preventing potential infections processes that could represent a threat to the life of the patient.

- by Ricardo Peñaloza-Cuevas
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- Pericoronitis, Odontogenic Infection, Third Molar

Background: Malaria is an important disease in the tropics, and its role as a predisposing factor or co morbidity has been investigated in many diseases including HIV infection and tuberculosis. There are very few studies, which have investigated its role in oral and dental diseases. Our study aimed to demonstrate the possible role of malaria in predisposing to pericoronitis, an infection affecting impacted third molars predominantly. Patients and methods: Thirty-eight patients presenting with pericoronitis were tested for malaria parasites and results compared with that obtained from controls that were equally susceptible to pericoronitis but did not have the infection. Results: 19.7% of the study group compared to 6.6% of control group had malaria parasite in their blood. This difference was statistically significant, PZ0.018 (Fisher's exact). The odds ratio was 4.3 (95% CIZ1.2-17.0).

- by Olawunmi Fatusi
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- Malaria, Causality, Blood, Infection

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predominant flora associated with pericoronitis in third molars and to investigate the presence of ␤-lactamase-producing strains. Study design.The third molars in 26 adults were evaluated by cultures with nonselective media and with selective media containing amoxicillin, pristinamycin, spiramycin, metronidazole, and spiramycin plus metronidazole. Results. In the majority of cases (19/26), the flora found in an anaerobic atmosphere predominated. Obligate anaerobes were present in 21 of the 26 samples. The bacteria most commonly detected were ␣-hemolytic streptococci (26/26) and the genera Prevotella (15/26), Veillonella (15/26), Bacteroides (9/26), and Capnocytophaga (9/26). Amoxicillin and pristinamycin were the most active in reducing the anaerobic cultivable counts. ␤-Lactamase-producing strains were detected in 9 samples and were mostly bacteria of the genera Prevotella, Staphylococcus, and Bacteroides. Conclusion. These results highlight (1) the diversity of the microflora associated with pericoronitis and the importance of the anaerobic flora and (2) the existence of selection pressure related to the use of ␤-lactams that may culminate in failure of prescribed penicillins. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003;95:655-9)

- by Jean-louis Sixou and +1
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- Microbiology, Dentistry, Adolescent, Mandible

Acute exacerbations of pericoronitis is associated with debilitating symptoms, and requires urgent intervention. Mechanical debridement, operculectomy and antibiotic therapy are parts of established treatment protocol, however, associated with many limitations. This report highlights successful management of a case of pericoronal abscess around mandibular third molar in a 30-year-old female, with GaAlAs diode laser-assisted disinfection and operculectomy. Although infection was initially associated with lymphadenitis and fever, postoperaive period was symptom free, even without use of antibiotics. Due to many intraoperative and postoperative advantages and better patient acceptance, diode laser has become a preferred option for minor oral surgical procedures.

- by Farrukh Faraz and +2
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- Diode Lasers, Laser Tissue İnteractions : Dental Lasers, Pericoronitis
- by Wilfried Wagner
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- Dentistry, Nonparametric Statistics, Adolescent, Prospective studies

The aim of this study was to examine the reasons for dental extraction and to determine the pattern of tooth loss in patients seeking care at the oral surgery teaching clinics in the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, over a 3-year period. Data pertaining to the dental extractions of 2435 patients were analyzed. The results showed that 63.8% of the teeth included in this study were extracted because of dental caries, 22.9% because of periodontal disease, and 11.0% for prosthetic reasons. Pericoronitis, orthodontic treatment, trauma, and eruption problems accounted for 2.4% of the reported extractions. The upper premolars were the teeth most commonly extracted, and the lower first and second molars were the teeth most commonly extracted because of dental caries. The logistic regression test revealed that extraction because of dental caries occurred mostly in the group aged 21 to 30 years (P < .001). Periodontal disease was not likely the cause of extr...

- by Ameen Khraisat
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- Jordan, Adolescent, CONTINUING EDUCATION, Child

Historically much has been discussed on the management of impacted wisdom teeth. The reason why impacted third molars became so topical among researchers, as well as other parties in dentistry and oral surgery, was that their removal was one of the most frequently performed surgical interventions in young adults in the mid-1990s (1). Also, the surgical removal of impacted third molars demanded a great amount of resources both human and financial (2, 3). The enormous amount of teeth removed in the UK in that time prompted researchers to assess the type of practice conducted here and in 1998 a study had estimated that around 20-30% of third molars that are removed in the UK did not follow the American National Institutes of Health (4) criteria for removal and were, therefore, removed prophylactically (5). By that time, The Faculty of Dental Surgery of Royal College of Surgeons of England had just published a document on the management of impacted wisdom teeth to be used as a national guideline and this document highlighted that there

- by Danny Ruta
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- Dentistry, Survival Analysis, Adolescent, Scotland

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in mandibular third molar (M3) position and pathologic status associated with M3 in the cases orthodontically treated. This study was carried out on a total of 76 subjects, 42 males and 34 females ranging in age from 18 to 23 years. Thirty of them were treated without extractions (non-extraction group), 26 were treated with the extraction of four first premolars (extraction group), and 20 did not receive orthodontic treatment (control group). Positional changes of third molars and pathologic status associated with M3s in the cases treated orthodontically were evaluated radiographically and clinically. Data were analyzed with parametric and non-parametric tests. It was clinically observed that 18% of third molars in the non-extraction group and 15% of those in the extraction group erupted in normal position; 83% of third molars in both groups erupted partially in a mesioangular position. However, it was determined that 43% of the ...

- by Metin Gungormus
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- Dentistry, Nonparametric Statistics, Adolescent, Mandible

The study will report on the prevalence, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of non-third molar related pericoronitis seen in children below the age of 15 years who report at the Pediatric Dental Clinic, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife over a 4½ year period. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of cases of pericoronitis affecting any tooth exclusive of the third molar diagnosed in the pediatric dentistry out-patient clinic in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife between January 2008 and June 2012. Pericoronitis was diagnosed using the criteria described by Howe. Information on age, sex, history malaria fever, upper respiratory diseases, tonsillitis, and evidence of immunosuppression were taken. Radiographs were taken in all cases to rule out tooth impaction and information on treatment regimen was also collected. Results: The prevalence of non-third molar related pericoronitis was 0.63%. More females (63.6%) were affected. Chronic pericoronitis was the most common presentation (73.3%). No case was reported in the primary dentition and the premolar. No case was associated with tooth impaction and the tooth most affected was the lower right second permanent molar (35.7%). Bilateral presentation was seen in 36.4% patients. Herpetic gingivostomatitis was reported in association with one case. Chronic pericoronitis resolved within 3 days of management with warm saline mouth bath (WSMB) and analgesics, while acute/subacute resolved within 10 days of management with antibiotics, analgesics, and WSMB. Conclusions: The prevalence of non-third molar related pericoronitis is the low. The most prevalence type is chronic pericoronitis affecting the lower right second permanent molar.

- by Titus Oyedele and +1
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- Nigeria, Adolescent, Prospective studies, Child

Influence of a pedicle flap design on acute postoperative sequelae after lower third molar removal. Int.

- by Robert Love
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- Dentistry, Statistical Analysis, Adolescent, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- by Wasiu Lanre Adeyemo
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- Dentistry, Mandible, Risk factors, Osteomyelitis

AIM The aims of this study were to investigate the association between pericoronitis and the angular position, state of eruption, and the depth of impaction of mandibular third molars as well as to compare these findings with similar studies. METHODS AND MATERIALS A total of 242 patients ranging in age from 18 to 41 years of age suffering from pericoronitis were examined. Subjective and objective observations were recorded on a checklist that included the name, age, gender, type of pericoronitis and state of eruption, position of the affected tooth for each patient as well as any radiographic changes in the mandibular third molars. RESULTS The peak age for the occurrence of pericoronitis was in the 21-25 year-old age group. The soft tissues adjacent to vertically inclined, partially erupted mandibular third molars at the level of or above the occlusal plane were the most commonly affected. There was a statistically significant association between radiographic changes and the mesioan...

- by Anwar Bataineh
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- Dentistry, Adolescent, Prospective studies, Young Adult

2013 47: 1054-1058 originally published online Br J Sports Med I Needleman, P Ashley, A Petrie, et al. Olympic Games: a cross-sectional study athletes participating in the London 2012 Oral health and impact on performance of... more

- by R. Budgett
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- Engineering, Education, Quality of life, Adolescent

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the mandibular third molar at highest risk for acute pericoronitis using clinical and radiographic analysis. A total of 102 volunteers, including 40 (39%) male and 62 (60%) female patients presenting with acute pericoronitis, participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 23.4 years (range 17–30 years). The variables tested included the percentage of soft tissue coverage, availability of impinging maxillary dentition, and the angulation and eruption level of the mandibular third molar. While vertical impaction was the most frequent angulation (51%), horizontal impaction was quite rare (3%). Mesioangular impaction (25%) was slightly higher than distoangular impaction (21%). Difference between type of angulation was statistically significant for all groups (p < 0.05). The frequency of partial soft tissue coverage, particularly 75% coverage, was far more observed than the full soft tissue coverage (47%). The difference for the amount of soft tissue coverage was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In 57% of the cases, pericoronitis was associated with the third molars that erupted at the same level of the adjacent tooth occlusal plane. The difference among the three levels of eruption was significant (p < 0.000). Impinging maxillary dentition did not have a significant impact on development of pericoronitis (41%). Evidence of impinging maxillary dentition did not have a statistically significant impact on presence of pericoronitis (p = 0.075). Mandibular third molars at or near to the same level of the occlusal plane of the arch and exhibiting vertical inclination were considered at highest risk for developing pericoronitis. Such third molars can be given high priority for prophylactic care due to the possibility of severe consequences of acute pericoronitis.

- by Süleyman Bozkaya
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- Dentistry, Forecasting, Adolescent, Statistical Significance

Pain, swelling, trismus, and alveolar osteitis often occur after removal of impacted third molar teeth. To minimize these complications a number of mucoperiosteal flap designs have been advocated, but, to date, a pedicle flap design has... more

- by Darryl Tong
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- Dentistry, Statistical Analysis, Adolescent, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

The aims of this study were to investigate the association between pericoronitis and the angular position, state of eruption, and the depth of impaction of mandibular third molars as well as to compare these findings with similar studies. A total of 242 patients ranging in age from 18 to 41 years of age suffering from pericoronitis were examined. Subjective and objective observations were recorded on a checklist that included the name, age, gender, type of pericoronitis and state of eruption, position of the affected tooth for each patient as well as any radiographic changes in the mandibular third molars. The peak age for the occurrence of pericoronitis was in the 21-25 year-old age group. The soft tissues adjacent to vertically inclined, partially erupted mandibular third molars at the level of or above the occlusal plane were the most commonly affected. There was a statistically significant association between radiographic changes and the mesioangular position of the tooth (p<...

- by Anwar Bataineh
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- Dentistry, Adolescent, Prospective studies, Young Adult

The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the angulation of and the various indications for removal of mandibular third molars in Jordanians as a representative Arab sample. The data included in this retrospective study were obtained from the clinical and radiographic records of 1,282 patients undergoing mandibular third molar surgery during a 5-year period from 1994 to 1999. The indications for removal of the mandibular third molars were classified in accordance with age and gender. The angular position of mandibular third molars was registered. A total of 2,252 mandibular third molars were removed from 740 male patients (57.7%) and 542 female patients (42.3%) aged 14 to 67 years. Pericoronitis was the most common indication for surgery, affecting 1,055 teeth (46.8%). Caries was observed in 519 third molars (23.0%). The vertical angular position was most commonly found (1,383 teeth; 61.4%) followed by the mesioangular position (407 teeth; 18.1%). The results obtained in ...

- by Anwar Bataineh
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- Dentistry, Decision Making, Jordan, Adolescent

Prophylactic surgical extraction of impacted third molars is a common practice throughout the world justified on the presumption that the risk of surgical morbidity increases with increasing age, among other reasons. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare surgical morbidity associated with third-molar extractions in young and aging populations. A review of records for all patients who underwent the surgical extraction of impacted third molars between April 2001 and June 2006 at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital was carried out. A total of 506 patients had surgical extractions of impacted third molars under local anaesthesia during the period of the study. Of these, 470 (92.9 percent) patients were below the age of 40 years (Group A) and 36 (7.1 percent) patients were 40 years of age and older (Group B). No incidences of severe intraoperative complications (excessive bleeding or mandibular fractures) were recorded in either group, but other postoperative complications ...

- by Mobolanle Ogunlewe
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- Dentistry, Adolescent, Dental Caries, Mandible

A validated screening tool for patient triage based on the pain symptoms, could potentially optimize the resources and expertise available in dental pain management. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Modified Dental Pain Questionnaire (M-DePaQ) for use in categorizing patients with pain into three groups of common dental conditions. Forward Malay and Chinese translation was performed, followed by backward English translation. The translation was reviewed by an expert panel and pre-tested on patients who are native speakers. Consecutive patients aged 18 years and older experiencing pain and attending the primary dental care clinic completed the questionnaires. Four calibrated dentists made clinical diagnoses independent of the questionnaire responses. For data analysis, the cases were split randomly into Random Sample 1 (RS1) and Random Sample 2 (RS2). Discriminant analysis was performed on RS1 to develop a model for classifying dental pain cases into three groups. The model was applied to cases in RS2, and a cross-validated accuracy rate was obtained. Criterion validity was assessed using measures such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and kappa. Of the 234 questionnaires distributed, 216 (92.3%) were returned. Classification rates were recorded at 73.8% for RS1, 75.0% for RS2, and 71.1% for all cases. The sensitivity values were 0.72, 0.39, and 0.43 for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The corresponding specificity values were 0.42, 0.87, and 0.94. The discriminant validity of the adapted questionnaire was satisfactory, but the criterion validity could not be established because of biases incorporated in the study. © Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2018.

Purpose: In this study we investigated patients that were hospitalized due to third molar (M3) complications. Specifically we analyzed frequency, age distribution, and outcome with respect to the M3 clinical status. Patients and Methods: We set up a prospective cohort study and included 100 subjects admitted for management of acute M3-associated complications. The clinical status of the M3 was defined as 1) prophylactic M3 removal, 2) therapeutic (nonelective) M3 removal, or 3) M3 present at the time of admission. Outcome variables were clinical infection markers (C-reactive protein, leukocyte counts) and economic parameters (treatment costs, length of hospital stay, and days of disability). Nonparametric tests were used for comparison of subpopulations (surgical vs nonsurgical, prophylaxis-related vs nonprophylaxis-related). Results: One third of the 100 patients were age 40 or older. Overall 80 severe infections, 11 mandibular fractures, 3 nerve injuries, 5 tooth/root luxations, and 1 postoperative hemorrhage were noticed. Twenty-seven complications resulted from prophylactic surgery, 44 from nonelective removal, and 29 from pericoronitis. Postoperatively, a 77-year-old male patient hospitalized with nonelective removal sustained fatal myocardial infarction. Treatment costs were 260,086 € (mean 2,608 €/case); total days of disability were 1,534. The postsurgical complications showed higher C-reactive protein values compared with pericoronitis-induced complications. Conclusions: Within the catchment area of our institution, the majority of complications requiring hospitalization resulted from diseased third molars or their removal. Side effects of observational strategies such as the shifting of complications to higher ages deserve future attention.

- by Wilfried Wagner
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- Dentistry, Nonparametric Statistics, Adolescent, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- by Nestor Cohenca and +1
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- Dentistry, Differential Diagnosis, Endodontics, Tooth Extraction

Because of clinical signs and symptoms, a diagnosis of pericoronitis in a partially erupted, partially impacted first molar was made. A more thorough diagnosis was made with the help of a periapical radiograph that showed caries and thus revealed an irreversible pulpitis. Appropriate treatment was the result. (Oral SurE Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998;85:461

- by rogelio cabrera
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- Dentistry, Medicine, Child, Dental Caries

- by Akinola Ladeinde
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- Dentistry, Adolescent, Dental Caries, Mandible

Ear pain is a diagnostic problem when examination of the ear shows no pathology. Referred otalgia may be caused by neoplasms; dental abnormalities or infections; temporomandibular joint dysfunction; sinus, pharyngeal or salivary gland infections; temporal arteritis; cervical arthritis, or one of the neuralgias. Ear pain may also be psychogenic.