Wikipedia Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

È "lavoro di partito" tutto ciò che contribuisce al movimento reale che abolisce lo stato di cose presente. In Marx la teoria del partito non è del tutto esplicita, però è facile da ricavare da molti dei suoi scritti. Nel Manifesto il... more

È "lavoro di partito" tutto ciò che contribuisce al movimento reale che abolisce lo stato di cose presente. In Marx la teoria del partito non è del tutto esplicita, però è facile da ricavare da molti dei suoi scritti. Nel Manifesto il quadro teorico offre già una buona traccia per una lettura di tutto ciò che egli scriverà successivamente: i comunisti sono coloro che anticipano la società futura; non fanno già più parte di questa società anche se vivono dentro di essa. L'enorme importanza di questo concetto non è stata capita dalla maggior parte di coloro che si richiamano a Marx.

Visualization of Wikipedia categories using Self Organizing Maps shows an overview of categories and their relations, helping to narrow down search domains. Selecting particular neurons this approach enables retrieval of conceptually... more

Visualization of Wikipedia categories using Self Organizing Maps shows an overview of categories and their relations, helping to narrow down search domains. Selecting particular neurons this approach enables retrieval of conceptually similar categories. Evaluation of neural activations indicates that they form coherent patterns that may be useful for building user interfaces for navigation over category structures.

This is a book review of Ethan Katsh and Orna Rabinovich-Einy's Digital Justice: Technology and the Internet of Disputes. According to Katsh and Rabinovich-Einy, "disputes... are the collateral damage of innovation." While that may be... more

This is a book review of Ethan Katsh and Orna Rabinovich-Einy's Digital Justice: Technology and the Internet of Disputes. According to Katsh and Rabinovich-Einy, "disputes... are the collateral damage of innovation." While that may be true, it is also true that we do not all share the same risk of becoming collateral damage and that we do not share equally in the spoils of innovation. While the online dispute resolution approach championed in Digital Justice holds great promise for improving procedural justice in commercial and institutional transactions, its idealization of technology makes it unsuitable for resolving anti-social interactions facilitated by social media. The internet is currently overrun with violence, threats, revenge porn, propaganda, and conspiracy theories. These conflicts, which disproportionately burden women and racial, religious, and sexual minorities, are facilitated by powerful tech corporations with little incentive to pour their considerable resources into eliminating them. Resolving or preventing these disputes requires the rejection of technological determinism and engagement with the reality of consent, power, labor, and compromised intermediaries.

Since anonymous agents can spread misinformation with impunity, many people advocate for greater accountability for internet speech. This paper provides a veritistic argument that accountability mechanisms can cause significant epistemic... more

Since anonymous agents can spread misinformation with impunity, many people advocate for greater accountability for internet speech. This paper provides a veritistic argument that accountability mechanisms can cause significant epistemic problems for internet encyclopedias and social media communities. I show that accountability mechanisms can undermine both the dissemination of true beliefs and the detection of error. Drawing on social psychology and behavioral economics, I suggest alternative mechanisms for increasing the trustworthiness of internet communication.

Collaborative content creation inevitably reaches situations where different points of view lead to conflict. In Wikipedia, one of the most prominent examples of collaboration online, conflict is mediated by both policy and software, and... more

Collaborative content creation inevitably reaches situations where different points of view lead to conflict. In Wikipedia, one of the most prominent examples of collaboration online, conflict is mediated by both policy and software, and conflicts often reflect larger societal debates.

MapXplore is an attempt to build a mainstream, useful, and easy to use application that uses linked data at its core. As such, it will be one of very few such apps on the Apple, or for that matter any of the mobile app stores. The purpose... more

MapXplore is an attempt to build a mainstream, useful, and easy to use application that uses linked data at its core. As such, it will be one of very few such apps on the Apple, or for that matter any of the mobile app stores. The purpose of the application is to allow users to browse any part of the globe, and identify points of interest from DBPedia articles. They can then drill down into traditional as well as linked data sources to get a comprehensive view of the points of interest. We note some difficulties in working with current linked data resources, and suggest some methods to help pave a future rich in popular, easy to use mobile semantic applications. By using these guidelines we aim to keep refining MapXplore to make it a showcase application for the power of linked data.

"Charlie Hebdo Shooting" or "Attack against Charlie Hebdo"? What would be the better title for a Wikipedia article? This type of question arises every time Wikipedia community members create a new entry. Given the emblematic role of the... more

"Charlie Hebdo Shooting" or "Attack against Charlie Hebdo"? What would be the better title for a Wikipedia article? This type of question arises every time Wikipedia community members create a new entry. Given the emblematic role of the titles, the process of choosing them is a difficult task which requires an intense collaboration process. The present study investigates the choice of the titles and focuses on the relationship between the title and the content of the article as well as the linguistic form of the title itself. With regard to the semantic appropriateness of the titles, we explore a corpus of articles on historical and recent events as well as on social groups defined either by physical or mental limitations or by their skin color. The choice of the linguistic forms is examined using entries that include foreign proper names and expressions affected by the orthographic reform of 1990 in France. The analysis shows that the collaborative construction of titles is very enriching in most cases and allows titles to attain clearer and more neutral forms that approach increasingly the neutral encyclopedic ideal.

The open collaborative nature of wikis encourages participation of all users, but at the same time exposes their content to vandalism. The current vandalism-detection techniques, while effective against relatively obvious vandalism edits,... more

The open collaborative nature of wikis encourages participation of all users, but at the same time exposes their content
to vandalism. The current vandalism-detection techniques, while effective against relatively obvious vandalism edits, prove to be inadequate in detecting increasingly prevalent sophisticated (or elusive) vandal edits. We identify a number of vandal edits that can take hours, even days, to correct and propose a text stability-based approach for detecting them. Our approach is focused on the likelihood of a certain part of an article being modified by a regular edit. In addition to text-stability, our machine learning-based technique also takes into account edit patterns. We evaluate the performance of our approach on a corpus comprising of 15,000 manually labeled edits from the Wikipedia Vandalism PAN corpus. The experimental results show that text-stability is able to improve the performance of the selected machinelearning algorithms significantly.

Проведено эмпирическое исследование смысложизненных ориентаций у авторов русскоязычной Википедии (N = 85) с помощью теста СЖО Д.А. Леонтьева. Авторы Википедии проявляют психологическую пластичность в нахождении смысла жизни, черпая его из... more

Проведено эмпирическое исследование смысложизненных ориентаций у авторов русскоязычной Википедии (N = 85) с помощью теста СЖО Д.А. Леонтьева. Авторы Википедии проявляют психологическую пластичность в нахождении смысла жизни, черпая его из прошлого (результативности жизни, или удовлетворенности самореализацией), настоящего (процесса жизни, или интереса и эмоциональной насыщенности жизни) и будущего (поставленных жизненных целей) на базе интернального локуса контроля

O presente trabalho busca analisar o impacto das novas tecnologias sobre a produção e a disseminação do conhecimento e para a construção das relações de ensino na contemporaneidade, valendo-se para isso da popular experiência da... more

O presente trabalho busca analisar o impacto das novas tecnologias sobre a produção e a disseminação do conhecimento e para a construção das relações de ensino na contemporaneidade, valendo-se para isso da popular experiência da Wikipédia, a enciclopédia virtual e colaborativa da Internet, trazendo um pouco de sua concepção e dos conceitos que norteiam sua elaboração. Buscamos identificar sua utilização como referência na produção de trabalhos, textos e artigos acadêmicos, e trazemos, ainda, o relato de experiências de instituições de ensino nacionais e estrangeiras onde diferentes experiências têm se desenvolvido ao redor desta temática, procurando confrontar diferentes concepções a essa nova realidade tecnológica presente em nosso cotidiano.

Though information architecture (IA) has been represented in Wikipedia since 2003, subject coverage remains inadequate. Without current, academically oriented information and references, the article fails to meet quality standards. A... more

Though information architecture (IA) has been represented in Wikipedia since 2003, subject coverage remains inadequate. Without current, academically oriented information and references, the article fails to meet quality standards. A proposed WikiProject would bring needed enhancements to the quality of the IA page to present an accurate and comprehensive picture of the field with appropriate links to related topics. A Wikipedia IA editathon at the 2015 Information Architecture Summit provided an opportunity to jumpstart the WikiProject, with new page editors enlisted as Wikipedians. Editing a Wikipedia page is open to all, though editors are expected to follow policies, rules and guidelines. The DBpedia database, underlying all Wikipedia pages, captures URIs for information elements and RDF triples representing facts. Topic tagging enables linked, open collection of information, stored in the Wikidata knowledge base and linked to other Wiki sites and external databases through identifier properties. All are invited to improve the Wikipedia Information Architecture entry by strengthening and tagging the content, adding references and building links

Oratie uitgesproken op 10 januari 2014 bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van bijzonder hoogleraar Samenlevingsopbouw aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam vanwege de Gradus Hendriksstichting 5 Meneer de rector magnificus, Leden van het... more

Oratie uitgesproken op 10 januari 2014 bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van bijzonder hoogleraar Samenlevingsopbouw aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam vanwege de Gradus Hendriksstichting 5 Meneer de rector magnificus, Leden van het college van bestuur, Decaan van de Faculteit der Sociale Wetenschappen, Geachte collega's, Lieve familie en vrienden, Inleiding De complexe patronen van insecten zijn een oneindige bron van fascinatie voor wetenschappers 1 . Vuurvliegjes dansen in betoverende patronen en gaan aan en uit in perfecte synchronie. Mieren, termieten en bijen vervaardigen bouwwerken met een verbluffende architectuur en hebben uiterst geavanceerde methodes om voedsel te lokaliseren en transporteren. Wat verklaart deze ingenieuze vormen van samenwerking? De creaties zijn zo complex dat we ons haast niet anders kunnen voorstellen dan dat er architecten of leiders verantwoordelijk voor zijn. Tekenfilms spiegelen nietsvermoedende kinderen nog steeds voor dat bijen stuurloos zijn zonder koningin en dat noeste werkersmieren worden aangevoerd door een generaal. De werkelijkheid is inspirerender. Er zijn geen leiders of dirigenten. De indrukwekkende nesten, de geraffineerde overlevingsstrategieën, de betoverende dansen, de fijnmazige arbeidsdelingen komen niet voort uit een ontwerp. De complexe patronen zijn emergent, ze rijzen op uit eenvoudige lokale interacties. Insecten in elkaars nabijheid stemmen zich op elkaar af met simpele signalen en organiseren zich zo zonder centrale regie. De complexe patronen zijn niet het resultaat van ontwerpers maar van zelforganisatie. Zelforganisatie is in de afgelopen decennia uitgegroeid tot een centraal begrip in de wetenschap. Allerlei complexe structuren -van de hersenen tot de economie -zijn geanalyseerd als uitkomst van zelforganisatie (bv Kauffman 1993, Krugman 1996, Johnson 2002, Ball 2013). 1 Met dank aan Marcel Ham, Emiel Rijshouwer, Dorien Zandbergen en Joke van der Zwaard voor commentaar op eerdere versies.

This paper proposes an improved redesign of Wikipedia Tutorial following Fogg's persuasive concept. Wikipedia international project aims at being the biggest online and free encyclopedia. It can be considered a persuasive tool which tries... more

This paper proposes an improved redesign of Wikipedia Tutorial following Fogg's persuasive concept. Wikipedia international project aims at being the biggest online and free encyclopedia. It can be considered a persuasive tool which tries to motivate people to collaborate for the development of a shared knowledge corpus, following a specific policy of behavior.

In this paper, I explore the concept of multitude according to the writings of Toni Negri, Michael Hardt and Paolo Virno and in opposition to the concept of mass, developed by the French thinker Gustave Le Bon. Multitude appears as a kind... more

Η λημματογράφηση στη Wikipedia χρησιμοποιείται, τα τελευταία χρόνια, ως καλή πρακτική στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Η εισαγωγή ενός μεταφραστικού εργαλείου οδηγεί σε ενδιαφέρουσες εναλλακτικές προσεγγίσεις αφού δίνει τη δυνατότητα σε... more

Η λημματογράφηση στη Wikipedia χρησιμοποιείται, τα τελευταία χρόνια, ως καλή πρακτική στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Η εισαγωγή ενός μεταφραστικού εργαλείου οδηγεί σε ενδιαφέρουσες εναλλακτικές προσεγγίσεις αφού δίνει τη δυνατότητα σε εκπαιδευόμενους και εκπαιδευτικούς να το αξιοποιήσουν στη λημματογράφηση. Σ' αυτή την εργασία κάνουμε μια ανασκόπηση της εξέλιξης της μηχανικής μετάφρασης στο πέρασμα του χρόνου και συγκρίνουμε το τρόπο λειτουργίας του μεταφραστικού εργαλείου της Wikipedia σε σχέση με τα αντίστοιχα επαγγελματικά εργαλεία. Στη συνέχεια προχωράμε σε μια επιγραμματική καταγραφή από την εμπειρία χρήσης του εργαλείου στη λημματογράφηση σε εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα στη δευτεροβάθμια και την τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και στο εξωτερικό. Λέξεις κλειδιά: Ανοικτοί Εκπαιδευτικοί Πόροι, Web 2.0, Μεταφραστικά εργαλεία Εισαγωγή Η μετάφραση αποτελεί τη μεταφορά του περιεχομένου, της δομής, και του ύφους του κειμένου-πηγή (ΚΠ) στο κείμενο-στόχος (ΚΣ) με τη χρήση των καταλληλότερων γλωσσικών ισοδυναμιών. Όπως πολλοί θεωρητικοί της μετάφρασης και της γλωσσολογίας υποστηρίζουν η σχέση μεταξύ των δύο κλάδων είναι αμφίδρομη. Ενδεικτικά, οι Vinay και Darbelnet υποστήριξαν ότι η μεταφραστική θεωρία βασίζεται στην εφαρμοσμένη γλωσσολογία (Vinay & Darbelnet, 1958) ενώ ο Γάλλος γλωσσολόγος Mounin τόνισε ότι «στη βάση κάθε μεταφραστικής διαδικασίας βρίσκονται μια σειρά από αναλύσεις και διεργασίες που άπτονται της γλωσσολογίας και η επιστήμη της γλωσσολογίας, ορθά εφαρμοσμένη, μπορεί να προσφέρει [στη μετάφραση] πολύ περισσότερα από όσα μια οποιαδήποτε εμπειρική προσέγγιση» (Mounin, 1963) Η μηχανική (αυτόματη) μετάφραση είναι η γλωσσική επεξεργασία κατά την οποία το περιεχόμενο της γλώσσας-πηγή (ΓΠ) μεταφέρεται στη γλώσσα-στόχο (ΓΣ) μέσω υπολογιστικών συστημάτων με τη χρήση λογισμικού. Άπτεται του κλάδου της υπολογιστικής γλωσσολογίας, δηλαδή του τομέα εκείνου της γλωσσολογίας που προσεγγίζει τη φυσική γλώσσα μέσα από μια υπολογιστική σκοπιά και χρησιμοποιεί τεχνικές, εργαλεία και εφαρμογές με στόχο τη δημιουργία λογισμικού για την κατανόηση και την επεξεργασία των γλωσσικών μοντέλων.

This paper presents an analysis of my experiences with a teaching activity that engages students in publishing in Wikipedia on issues relating to globalization. It begins with a short overview of some of the current debates revolving... more

This paper presents an analysis of my experiences with a teaching activity that engages students in publishing in Wikipedia on issues relating to globalization. It begins with a short overview of some of the current debates revolving around teaching globalization, which lay ground for the assignment. I discuss how this teaching tool fits with a number of dimensions related to teaching globalization, particularly with an international service learning approach. Finally, I present assessment data from a series of surveys I conducted from 2008 to 2016 on the effectiveness of the assignment.

Writing is an activity that is considered difficult for both native and non native speakers, therefore it is important for the teacher to provide a meaningful activity that will help students practice their writing skill more easily.... more

Writing is an activity that is considered difficult for both native and non native speakers, therefore it is important for the teacher to provide a meaningful activity that will help students practice their writing skill more easily. Collaborative writing is one of the activities in writing process that is used to support students in order to get accustomed to peer reviewing their friends' work as well as to learn from one another within the group. These are useful activities for students since during the writing process they tend to ask many things to the instructor which makes them to be less independent and insecure writers. By using Wikipedia which is an open encylopedia that is written collaborately by many writers, writing instruction can be done more interestingly and create a dynamic collaboration among students since they have to work in a group to write a certain topic based on their own choice. This study shows how students become more confident in developing their ideas and shows a great teamwork among them when they decide what topic to write and the sub topics for each member. Although they work in group, each student is responsible with their own parts at first. Since the assignment gives more freedom to all students in creating their Wikipedia, they become more creative in expressing their ideas with the help of all members in the group. This paper also presents how this collaborative assignment is conducted in order to maximize the students' writing improvement. To conclude, this activity may give a writing instructor an alternative task that is useful for students and teacher as well.

This paper outlines the cleansing and extraction process of infobox data from Wikipedia data dump into Resource Description Framework (RDF) triplets. The numbers of the extracted triplets, resources, and predicates are substantially... more

This paper outlines the cleansing and extraction process of
infobox data from Wikipedia data dump into Resource Description
Framework (RDF) triplets. The numbers of the extracted
triplets, resources, and predicates are substantially
large enough for many research purposes such as semantic
web search. Our software tool will be open-sourced for researchers
to produce up-to-date RDF datasets from routine
Wikipedia data dumps.

Accompanied by growing literacy, information and communication technologies (ICT) have empowered states, organizations, but also – and perhaps most crucially – individuals, creating a more liberal and democratic environment. While also... more

Accompanied by growing literacy, information and communication technologies (ICT) have empowered states, organizations, but also – and perhaps most crucially – individuals, creating a more liberal and democratic environment. While also used as tools of social control, those technologies have often been used by revolutionaries and other agents of social change, aiding not only the surveillance state and for-profit organizations, but also individuals and non-state social actors, like social movements. In this paper I review literature on literacy and ICT, and, backed up by the results of a recent survey of international social movements, I conclude that at this pattern of empowerment, traceable throughout the human history, is continuing with the most recent information revolution.

Après la présentation des activités GLAM (pour Galeries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) de Wikmédia France en 2019 par Xavier Cailleau, Benoit Soubeyran poursuit la réflexion entamée sur son blog à propos des connections entre les... more

Après la présentation des activités GLAM (pour Galeries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) de Wikmédia France en 2019 par Xavier Cailleau, Benoit Soubeyran poursuit la réflexion entamée sur son blog à propos des connections entre les outils des bibliothécaires et les outils des wikimédiens. On peut en un sens supposer que l'intelligence collective améliorera les bases de données. Aussi, de la même façon que des wikimédiens, appelés parfois "wikifourmis", contribuent librement à enrichir les données de Wikidata, les catalogueurs des bibliothèques participent à l’amélioration du catalogue général de leur bibliothèque. Wikipédia et Wikidata sont utiles pour le bibliothécaire car ils permettent de corriger les erreurs présentes sur les notices d'autorité - celles de la BnF, par exemple - et de supprimer les fréquents doublons

This study looks for signals of economic awareness on online social media and tests their significance in economic predictions. The study analyzes, over a period of two years, the relationship between West Texas Intermediate crude oil... more

This study looks for signals of economic awareness on online social media and tests their significance in economic predictions. The study analyzes, over a period of two years, the relationship between West Texas Intermediate crude oil price daily movements and multiple predictors extracted from Twitter, Google Trends, Wikipedia, and the Global Data on Events, Language, and Tone database (GDELT). Semantic analysis is applied to study the sentiment, emotionality, and complexity of the language used. ARIMAX models are used to make predictions and to confirm variable values. Results show that the combined analysis of the four media platforms carries valuable information in financial forecasting. Twitter language complexity, GDELT number of articles and Wikipedia page reads have the highest predictive power. The study also gives evidence of the different speeds at which collective awareness is reflected on different media. In comparison to previous works, more media sources and more dimensions of the interaction and of the language used are combined in a joint analysis.

Википедия. Вводный курс. Учебное пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений России. Козловский С. А., Жуков Д. А., Медейко В. В., Абарников О. И., Кербуш Р. Н. Википедия. Вводный курс. Учебное пособие для студентов высших учебных... more

Википедия. Вводный курс. Учебное пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений России. Козловский С. А., Жуков Д. А., Медейко В. В., Абарников О. И., Кербуш Р. Н. Википедия. Вводный курс. Учебное пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений России. / Под общ. ред. С. А. Козловского, Д. А. Жукова. Науч. ред. Н. Н. Литвинов. — М.: «Астро Дизайн», 2020. — 56 с. — ISBN 978-5-9901753-4-1. Книга адресована студентам вузов, их преподавателям и всем, кто хочет разобраться в принципах работы Википедии и научиться работать со всемирной энциклопедией. Пособие содержит базовые и ценные сведения об энциклопедии Википедия и других вики-проектах Фонда Викимедиа. Читатель получит основные знания, позволяющие быстро приступить к написанию статей в свободной энциклопедии.

The project aims to develop a private assistant for Computer. PC Personal Assistant draws its inspiration from virtual assistants like Google Assistant for Android, Siri for iOS. It provides a user-friendly interface for completing a... more

The project aims to develop a private assistant for Computer. PC Personal Assistant draws its inspiration from virtual assistants like Google Assistant for Android, Siri for iOS. It provides a user-friendly interface for completing a spread of tasks by employing certain well-defined commands. Users can interact with the assistant through voice commands. As a private assistant, it assists the end-user with day-today activities like a general human conversation, searching queries, reading the latest news, translating words, live weather, sending mail through voice. The software uses a device's microphone to receive voice requests while the output takes place at the system's speaker. It's a mixture of various technologies: voice recognition, voice analysis, and language processing. PC Personal assistant is built mainly using python.

This article discusses the use of Wikipedia by academics and students for learning and teaching activities at Liverpool Hope University. Hope has distinctive aspects but we consider the findings to be indicative of Wikipedia use at other... more

This article discusses the use of Wikipedia by academics and students for learning and teaching activities at Liverpool Hope University. Hope has distinctive aspects but we consider the findings to be indicative of Wikipedia use at other British universities. First we discuss general issues of Wikipedia use within the university. Second, we examine existing research on Wikipedia use amongst students and academics. Based upon a sample of 133 academics and 1222 students, our princi- pal findings were: (1) 75% of academics and students use Wikipedia; (2) student use is typically confined to the initial stages of assessments; (3) a quarter of academics provide guidance on how to use Wikipedia and (4) 70% of academics use Wikipedia for background information for teaching purposes, something that it is not influenced by whether student use is tolerated or not. Our conclusion is that whilst Wikipedia is now unofficially integrated into universities, it is not ‘the’ information resource as feared by many and that an enlightened minority of academics have attempted to assimilate it into their teaching.

O presente trabalho objetiva discutir as experiências práticas de ‘wikificação’ de coleções culturais, particularmente as museológicas, realizadas pelo grupo Wiki Educação Brasil. A partir disso, estabelece-se um cenário onde os... more

O presente trabalho objetiva discutir as
experiências práticas de ‘wikificação’ de coleções
culturais, particularmente as museológicas, realizadas
pelo grupo Wiki Educação Brasil. A partir disso,
estabelece-se um cenário onde os aprendizados do
grupo relativos ao desenvolvimento de parcerias
GLAM Wiki se colocam como pontos de atenção
para um debate maior a respeito das oportunidades e
desafios do uso dos projetos Wikimedia como meios
para a democratização do acesso aos acervos e ao
patrimônio cultural.

Menahem Macina Menahem Macina, né le 24 janvier 1936, aussi connu sous le nom de Menahem Robert Macina (ou M. R. Macina), est un chercheur et auteur français spécialisé dans les domaines du judaïsme, du christianisme et dans l'histoire... more

Menahem Macina Menahem Macina, né le 24 janvier 1936, aussi connu sous le nom de Menahem Robert Macina (ou M. R. Macina), est un chercheur et auteur français spécialisé dans les domaines du judaïsme, du christianisme et dans l'histoire des relations judéo-chrétiennes...

Instansi memiliki organisasi yang bertujuan untuk mencapai tujuannya. Namun, khususnya di era Revolusi Industri 4.0, terdapat berbagai tantangan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Penggunaan teknologi sangat erat kaitannya. Hal ini... more

Instansi memiliki organisasi yang bertujuan untuk mencapai tujuannya. Namun, khususnya di era Revolusi Industri 4.0, terdapat berbagai tantangan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Penggunaan teknologi sangat erat kaitannya. Hal ini dikarenakan semakin mudahnya mengakses atau mencapai tujuan suatu organisasi dengan menggunakan berbagai teknologi yang berkembang di era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Namun ketika diimplementasikan dalam suatu organisasi, masih banyak kendala dan tantangan untuk mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Tujuan pengembangan organisasi adalah untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan efektivitas keseluruhan dari semua kelompok, departemen, dan organisasi, dan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan organisasi. Mempromosikan pemecahan masalah di tempat kerja dan meningkatkan kualitas pengambilan keputusan. Buat perubahan yang efektif. Tingkatkan komitmen Anda terhadap tujuan perusahaan.

The world’s sixth most visited website, Wikipedia, is in desperate need of more diversity and contributions from women as well as from ethnic minorities and people from non-Western countries. This article offers an overview of how the... more

The world’s sixth most visited website, Wikipedia, is in desperate need of more diversity and contributions from women as well as from ethnic minorities and people from non-Western countries. This article offers an overview of how the site arrived at this point, why the lack of diversity is an important issue, what is currently being done about it, and what practical steps teachers, students, and the general public can take to encourage more women to contribute to Wikipedia.

An autobiographical essay on typography. The text is progressively set in each typeface it discusses, as it explains the typefaces I have used throughout my life leading up to the production of a set of print works about the anecdotal... more

An autobiographical essay on typography. The text is progressively set in each typeface it discusses, as it explains the typefaces I have used throughout my life leading up to the production of a set of print works about the anecdotal histories of certain typefaces. The essay also begins to speculate on future series of works using other typologies and design histories. On the way, it discusses the authorship of Wikipedia content, the languages of certain Native American peoples, Marcel(s) Proust and Duchamp, the writing of fiction, Rayner Heppenstall, the RAL paint colour coding system, and the Battle of Magenta...

Metaliteracy is a holistic model that emphasises information-related knowledge attainment whilst challenging individuals to take charge of their learning strategies and goals. It prepares learners to become informed consumers and... more

Metaliteracy is a holistic model that emphasises information-related knowledge attainment whilst challenging individuals to take charge of their learning strategies and goals. It prepares learners to become informed consumers and responsible producers of information. Metacognition is a core concept in metaliteracy, just as it is in SDL and in methods of assessment appropriate to SDL, such as assessment as learning (AaL) and assessment for learning (AfL). This congruence provides clear avenues for using metaliteracy’s framework in ways that support SDL. The first part of the chapter explores metaliteracy and its connections with SDL and assessment. The remainder of the chapter provides two examples of how the intersection of metaliteracy, SDL and assessment might be addressed in practice. These case studies provide additional and practical connections that might suggest applications in other settings. The first section explores a comprehensive metaliteracy digital badging system that is designed to advance SDL, with a focus on how the self-directed unit from this system was adapted for use in an open textbook. The final section of the chapter provides an example of how an online undergraduate course intertwines metaliteracy, information literacy and editing on Wikipedia, exemplifying principles of SDL and providing examples of AaL and AfL.

Weit über 1.3 Millionen Seitenaufrufe gibt es pro Tag in der deutschen Wikipedia. Die dort vorhandenen Einträge sind bei der Suche nach Informationen im Netz oft die erste Anlaufstelle – und häufig sogar die einzige. Die von zehntausenden... more

Weit über 1.3 Millionen Seitenaufrufe gibt es pro Tag in der deutschen Wikipedia. Die dort vorhandenen Einträge sind bei der Suche nach Informationen im Netz oft die erste Anlaufstelle – und häufig sogar die einzige. Die von zehntausenden freiwilligen Autor:innen verfassten Wikipedia-Artikel bilden – aus unterschiedlichsten Perspektiven – Wissen ab, reproduzieren und vernetzen es. Zu den inzwischen 2,6 Millionen deutschsprachigen Einträgen gehören auch zahlreiche Artikel über Bau- und Kunstwerke, Künstler:innen, kunstwissenschaftliche Fachbegriffe und Kunsthistoriker:innen. Wikipedia-Informationen formen so das Bild unserer Disziplin, ihrer Wissensbereiche, Methoden und Forschungsobjekte mit. In Anbetracht dieser Realität ist es höchste Zeit, dass die Kunstwissenschaften die Online-Enzyklopädie als Arbeitsinstrument und wichtiges Medium der Wissenskommunikation anerkennen und reflektieren – und sich aktiv einbringen. Hierzu soll kuwiki. AG Kunstwissenschaften + Wikipedia, eine vom Ulmer Verein, dem VDK und dem AK Digitale Kunstgeschichte unterstützte Initiative, beitragen. In ihr arbeiten seit Frühling 2021 Kunsthistoriker:innen und Wikipedianer:innen (sowie Kolleg:innen, die beides sind) zusammen, um Expertise zu bündeln, die Zahl und Qualität der kunstwissenschaftlichen Einträge zu erhöhen und neue Formen der Kollaboration zu entwickeln.
Mit den Veranstaltungen vom 11. bis 13. November – ein offenes Gespräch am Donnerstagabend und eine Online-Werkstatt am Freitag und am Samstag – wollen wir das Thema Wikipedia in die kunstwissenschaftliche Community tragen und gemeinsam mit Wikipedianer:innen über mögliche Arbeitsfelder nachdenken.
Die Veranstaltungen finden per Zoom statt; eine Anmeldung ist nicht notwendig.

In the present world, the role of social media, as the important and actual tool of marketing communication is relevant for operation of commercial organizations, since according to various studies, the number of social media users... more

In the present world, the role of social media, as the important and actual tool of marketing communication is relevant for operation of commercial organizations, since according to various studies, the number of social media users amounts ¬¬¬¬to nearly half of the world population; consequently, social network platforms developed into important channel of communication between commercial organizations and their target audiences. The said world trend determines actuality of the theme discussed in the present work.
The present Master’s Thesis: “Social Media Competence and the Importance of Its Position on the Example of Specific Organizations” looks at representation of Georgian commercial organizations on social media platforms; the scope of the paper encompasses studying communication competence of the said commercial organizations and consequent assessment of professional competences of Georgia’s social media professionals.
Taking into account scarcity of literature and relevant Georgian market specific studies on social media marketing, the aim of this study is to motivate next-stage development of this field in Georgia which is a prerequisite for satisfying trends and requirements existing in the contemporary world.
In the framework of this study, the author looked at the potential, platforms and functional specifics of the social media sphere; in the course of the work performed, relevant literature was reviewed, both Georgian and international statistical data on social media was gathered and analyzed, qualitative and quantitative studies were conducted.
In order to meet the aims of the thesis, relevant design was selected for the study to be implemented in the form of a qualitative self-administered questionnaire survey conducted online, encompassing primarily closed and categorical questions, including one open and one multiple-choice question, in total 37 questions.
Sampling, the target population of which were Georgian customers of social media, was conducted in June 2019 (2.06.2019 – 28.06.2019), through non-randomized sampling method. The qualitative study covers responses received from 210 interviewees.
Qualitative study was conducted employing so called content-analysis technique for content-wise and technical audit of representation of three Georgian commercial organizations - “Samoseli Pirveli”, “Alaznistavi” and “Soplidan” - on social media platform “Facebook”. In order to avoid bias in selection, principle of selection of these companies was based on their participation in the competition for nomination - “ Creation of Best Product or Service” and prize for “Digital Strategy and New Website” - both organized by JSC “ TBC BANK” - leading company for social media marketing, generally innovative decision-making and conduct of marketing campaigns.
The results of the study show that unfortunately competence in the field of social media marketing is lacking in Georgia. No implications can be drawn from qualitative and quantitative studies conducted. Notwithstanding the fact, that companies selected for analysis were among those nominated by JSC “ TBC BANK”, respondents participating in quantitative study preceding the conduct of the qualitative study, did not name any of the companies studied by the author for content-analysis in the framework of the qualitative study.
Quantitative study results showed that respondents were actively using social media platforms for communication, information gathering, are subscribers of Georgian websites, yet they are completely disregarding commercial organization blogs and are irresponsive to commercial advertisements (57.3% of respondents). 61.8% of those interviewed say commercial organization pages on all platforms are filled in with similar type of content, which is not as interesting as to motivate subscribers to react. The study showed that majority of organizations are not exploiting social media management tools – monitoring system, artificial intelligence programs, leaving them unable to fully take advantage of social media. The abovementioned attests to low level of digital literacy in the country.
Based on the analysis conducted, it can be said that two pillars viewed by the author as prerequisites for social media management development in Georgia are professional education and awareness raising of the society, in particular raising responsiveness of managers of commercial organizations.

Στην εργασία αυτή γίνεται μια προσπάθεια καταγραφής των σημαντικότερων αρχών των digital humanities (DH-ψηφιακών ανθρωπιστικών επιστημών) στην εκπαίδευση. Αναλύονται τα χαρακτηριστικά των DH και η εφαρμογή τους σε σχολικό project κατά την... more

Στην εργασία αυτή γίνεται μια προσπάθεια καταγραφής των σημαντικότερων αρχών των digital humanities (DH-ψηφιακών ανθρωπιστικών επιστημών) στην εκπαίδευση. Αναλύονται τα χαρακτηριστικά των DH και η εφαρμογή τους σε σχολικό project κατά την σχολική χρονιά 2016-2017 στην δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Σκοπός της εργασίας αυτής είναι μέσω της καταγραφής των επιμέρους χαρακτηριστικών να παρουσιαστούν οι δυσκολίες οι διευκολύνσεις των εκπαιδευτικών στο έργο τους καθώς και να αναλυθούν τα προτερήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα ώστε οι εκπαιδευτικοί επόμενων project να μπορούν να χρησιμοποιήσουν την εργασία ως ένα εγχειρίδιο για την αντιμετώπιση δυσκολιών αλλά και για την αξιοποίηση των πλεονεκτημάτων τους. Λέξεις κλειδιά: digital humanities, interdisciplinary in Education, school projects Εισαγωγή Όπως περιγράφεται στο τεύχος των Debates in the Digital Humanities (2016) και αναγνωρίζεται η δυσκολία στον ορισμό του πεδίου των ψηφιακών ανθρωπιστικών επιστημών: «Μαζί με τα ψηφιακά αρχεία, τις ποσοτικές αναλύσεις και τα εργαλεία οικοδόμησης εργαλείων που κάποτε χαρακτήριζαν τον τομέα, οι DH τώρα περιλαμβάνει ένα ευρύ φάσμα μεθόδων και πρακτικών όπως οι απεικονίσεις μεγάλων συνόλων εικόνων, η τρισδιάστατη μοντελοποίηση ιστορικών αντικειμένων, οι ψηφιοποιημένες διατριβές, ο ακτιβισμός των hashtag (hashtag activism) και ανάλυση τους, τα παιχνίδια εναλλασσόμενης πραγματικότητας, οι κινητοί χώροι κατασκευαστών κ.λπ. Μερικές φορές είναι δύσκολο να προσδιοριστεί με κάθε ειδικότητα τι ακριβώς συνεπάγεται η ψηφιακή ανθρωπιστική εργασία». Ψηφιακές ανθρωπιστικές επιστήμες Ιστορικά, οι ψηφιακές ανθρωπιστικές επιστήμες εξελίχθηκαν από τις ανθρωπιστικές επιστήμες και συσχετίστηκαν με άλλους τομείς, όπως η ανθρωπιστική υπολογιστική, η κοινωνική πληροφορική και οι έρευνες στα ΜΜΕ. Συγκεκριμένα, οι ψηφιακές ανθρωπιστικές ασχολίες καλύπτουν μια ποικιλία θεμάτων, από την περιποίηση των διαδικτυακών συλλογών πρωτογενών πηγών (κυρίως κειμένου) έως την εξόρυξη δεδομένων μεγάλων πολιτιστικών συνόλων δεδομένων με τη μοντελοποίηση θέματος. Όπως περιγράφεται στο Digital Humanities Network, οι ψηφιακές ανθρωπιστικές επιστήμες ενσωματώνουν τόσο ψηφιοποιημένα όσο και γεννητικά ψηφιακά υλικά και συνδυάζουν τις μεθοδολογίες των παραδοσιακών ανθρωπιστικών επιστημών (όπως η ιστορία, η φιλοσοφία, η γλωσσολογία, η λογοτεχνία, η τέχνη, η αρχαιολογία, η μουσική και οι πολιτιστικές σπουδές) και οι κοινωνικές επιστήμες. Εργαλεία που παρέχονται από υπολογιστές (όπως Hypertext, Hypermedia, οπτικοποίηση δεδομένων, ανάκτηση

Pensar em jornalismo no cenário atual implica refletir sobre reconfigurações, seja por meio do surgimento de novos dispositivos ou da complexificação daqueles que desde há muito existem. Isto porque o ambiente de profunda imersão... more

Pensar em jornalismo no cenário atual implica refletir sobre reconfigurações, seja por meio do surgimento de novos dispositivos ou da complexificação daqueles que desde há muito existem. Isto porque o ambiente de profunda imersão tecnológica em que o jornalismo se encontra, ao afetar a processualidade deste, também reconfigura suas formas.
É o que se observa por meio do uso de wikipédia, blogs, microblogs, além das redes sociais para o exercício da prática; do alvorecer dos jornalismos móvel e militarizado, ou, ainda, das afetações que ocorrem no telejornalismo; nos jornais; nas revistas; no radiojornalismo; na fotografia; nos documentários e no tocante à questão dos gêneros. A comunicação como um todo, e, em particular o jornalismo, está diante de mudanças das formas do fazer e do acessar com a emergência de novas práticas ambientadas neste contexto.
O livro Metarfoses Jornalísticas 2: a reconfiguração da forma busca observar o que representam essas transformações à prática e à compreensão a partir do âmbito acadêmico, o que torna a leitura fundamental para professores, estudantes, pesquisadores e profissionais que trabalham no mercado jornalístico.

1 2 p.1 tr ©iStockphoto.com/Dennys Bisogno, etc t = top, b = bottom, l = left, r = right, c = centre Computer hardware and software brand names mentioned in this book are protected by their respective trademarks and are acknowledged.

Indonesia (IAAI), bahasa Melayu dan ratusan bahasa daerah lainnya di nusantara sebenarnya berakar dari bahasa Austronesia yang mulai muncul sekitar 6.000-10.000 tahun lalu. Penyebaran penutur bahasa Austronesia ini merupakan fenomena... more

Indonesia (IAAI), bahasa Melayu dan ratusan bahasa daerah lainnya di nusantara sebenarnya berakar dari bahasa Austronesia yang mulai muncul sekitar 6.000-10.000 tahun lalu. Penyebaran penutur bahasa Austronesia ini merupakan fenomena besar dalam sejarah umat manusia karena sebagai suatu rumpun bahasa, Austronesia merupakan yang terbesar di dunia, meliputi 1.200 bahasa dan dituturkan oleh hampir 300 juta populasi. Masyarakat penuturnya tersebar luas di wilayah sepanjang 15 ribu km meliputi lebih dari separuh bola bumi, yaitu dari Madagaskar di barat hingga Pulau Paskah di ujung timur, dari Taiwan-Mikronesia di utara hingga Selandia Baru di selatan. Coba bayangkan.

In this work we will research the basic input/ output system also called BIOS. BIOS setting program is saved in BIOS chip. Only when starting up it can be set. BIOS mainly manages and sets the basic input and output system. It also can... more

In this work we will research the basic input/ output system also called BIOS. BIOS setting program is saved in BIOS chip. Only when starting up it can be set. BIOS mainly manages and sets the basic input and output system. It also can exclude system faults or diagnosis system poblems. Somebody thinks that since BIOS is a program, it is a software like Word or Excel. There are still some opposite opinions. BIOS is still different from normal softwares. And it is similar to hardware. Actually BIOS is the bridge of software programs and hardware devices. It is incharge of the requirements of hardwares.

In this essay we use the example of Stepan Bandera to demonstrate the effectiveness of web-scraping methods as a tool to explore how people interact with memory content online. Using data from Wikipedia, Twitter and YouTube, we analyse... more

In this essay we use the example of Stepan Bandera to demonstrate the effectiveness of web-scraping methods as a tool to explore how people interact with memory content online. Using data from Wikipedia, Twitter and YouTube, we analyse the traces left by users interested in Stepan Bandera and assess how these differ between Ukraine, Russia and Poland. Applying data mining and content analysis to data traditionally analysed from a purely qualitative perspective, we show how Polish content about Bandera follows completely different patterns in comparison to Ukrainian and Russian debates. Our tools, made available online, also include attempts at analysing video content.