Humite (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
About HumiteHide
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a n=3 member of the polysomatic series; the above Mindat Formula is the now-accepted (IMA CNMNC Newsletter 63) end-member formula
Colour:
White, yellow, dark orange or brown.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Resinous
Specific Gravity:
3.20 - 3.32
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1813 by Jacques Louis, Comte de Bournon in honour of Sir Abraham Hume [February 20, 1749 London, England, UK – March 24, 1838 Wormley Bury. England, UK], English connoisseur and collector of gems, minerals and artwork.
Humite is a mineral closely related to and resembling norbergite, chondrodite and clinohumite. These minerals are very difficult to distinguish. Humite appears to have a narrower field of stability (bulk chemistry and temperature) than clinohumite, chondrodite and norbergite. Humite is often associated with one or more of the other humite-group minerals, often as intergrowths. Humite may in such cases often be a late stage overgrowth.
NOTE: Many papers and articles do not distinguish between the mineral humite and the humite group of minerals, consequently several literature references and also MinDat locality entries may be incorrectly attributed to the mineral humite rather than the mineral group.
A synthetic, isotypic hydroxyl analogue is known (Wunder et al., 1995); the Unnamed (OH-analogue of humite) has subsequently been found in nature.
Unique IdentifiersHide
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Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1947:3
d380cc9b-6552-4255-a504-2deed4998ed3
IMA Classification of HumiteHide
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Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of HumiteHide
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9.AF.50
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
52.3.2c.1
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
17.1.11
17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
1 : Silicates with fluoride (not containing Al)
Mineral SymbolsHide
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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Hu | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Hu | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
| Hu | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
| Hu | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
| Hu | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of HumiteHide
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Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Resinous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
White, yellow, dark orange or brown.
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
Poor on {100}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
3.20 - 3.32 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.201 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of HumiteHide
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RI values:
_n_α = 1.607 - 1.643 _n_β = 1.619 - 1.653 _n_γ = 1.639 - 1.675
2V:
Measured: 68° to 81°, Calculated: 70° to 78°
δ = 0.032
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Optical Extinction:
Parallel
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of HumiteHide
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Mindat Formula:
Mg7(SiO4)3F2
a n=3 member of the polysomatic series; the above Mindat Formula is the now-accepted (IMA CNMNC Newsletter 63) end-member formula
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Mn,Ca
Crystallography of HumiteHide
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Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.7408(1) Å, b = 10.2580(2) Å, c = 20.8526(4) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.462 : 1 : 2.033
Unit Cell V:
1,014.09 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Comment:
Non-standard space-group setting Pbnm, data from Ribbe & Gibbs (1971).
Crystal StructureHide
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| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000250 | Humite | Ribbe P H, Gibbs G V (1971) Crystal structures of the humite minerals: III. Mg/Fe ordering in humite and its relation to other ferromagnesian silicates American Mineralogist 56 1155-1173 |  |
1971 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 10.42 Å | (6) |
| 5.17 Å | (10) |
| 5.11 Å | (10) |
| 4.97 Å | (18) |
| 4.59 Å | (20) |
| 4.20 Å | (2) |
| 3.97 Å | (6) |
| 3.90 Å | (12) |
| 3.66 Å | (6) |
| 3.64 Å | (50) |
| 3.47 Å | (6) |
| 3.453 Å | (30) |
| 3.430 Å | (25) |
| 3.312 Å | (30) |
| 3.119 Å | (8) |
| 3.102 Å | (8) |
| 2.980 Å | (6) |
| 2.885 Å | (6) |
| 2.770 Å | (20) |
| 2.744 Å | (30) |
| 2.691 Å | (50) |
| 2.674 Å | (6) |
| 2.589 Å | (8) |
| 2.572 Å | (40) |
| 2.490 Å | (4) |
| 2.453 Å | (4) |
| 2.443 Å | (30) |
| 2.438 Å | (70) |
| 2.399 Å | (20) |
| 2.308 Å | (8) |
| 2.304 Å | (12) |
| 2.297 Å | (8) |
| 2.256 Å | (100) |
| 2.251 Å | (35) |
| 2.218 Å | (18) |
| 2.189 Å | (8) |
| 2.158 Å | (6) |
| 2.107 Å | (40) |
| 2.103 Å | (30) |
| 2.057 Å | (6) |
| 1.920 Å | (6) |
| 1.881 Å | (8) |
| 1.867 Å | (8) |
| 1.850 Å | (2) |
| 1.814 Å | (6) |
| 1.794 Å | (2) |
| 1.779 Å | (6) |
| 1.772 Å | (6) |
| 1.7477 Å | (6) |
| 1.7387 Å | (65) |
Comments:
ICDD 12-755 and 12-755a with 22 more lines including 1.4786 (70)
Geological EnvironmentHide
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Type Occurrence of HumiteHide
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Synonyms of HumiteHide
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Other Language Names for HumiteHide
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Relationship of Humite to other SpeciesHide
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Other Members of this group:
Common AssociatesHide
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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
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| 9.AF. | Chegemite | Ca7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9.AF. | Jingwenite-(Y) | YAlV4+(SiO4)O2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.AF. | Barwoodite | Mn2+6Nb5+(SiO4)2O3(OH)3 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.05 | Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.05 | Xenolite | Al10Si8O31 | |
| 9.AF.10 | Kanonaite | Mn3+Al(SiO4)O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m |
| 9.AF.10 | Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m |
| 9.AF.15 | Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 9.AF.20 | Krieselite | Al2(GeO4)F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| 9.AF.20 | Mullite | Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b a m |
| 9.AF.23 | Boromullite | Al9BSi2O19 | Orth. m _m_2 : C m _c_21 |
| 9.AF.25 | Yoderite | Mg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m |
| 9.AF.30 | Zincostaurolite | Zn2Al9Si4O23(OH) | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.AF.30 | Staurolite | Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.AF.30 | Magnesiostaurolite | Mg(Mg,Li)3(Al,Mg)18Si8O44(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.AF.35 | Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.40 | Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.45 | Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Kumtyubeite | Ca5(SiO4)2F2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Reinhardbraunsite | Ca5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Hydroxylchondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Alleghanyite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.50 | Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite) | Ca7(SiO4)4F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.50 | Manganhumite | (Mn2+,Mg)7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.50 | Unnamed (OH-analogue of humite) | Mg7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. |
| 9.AF.50 | Fluorchegemite | Ca7(SiO4)3F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.55 | Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.55 | Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.55 | Sonolite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.60 | Leucophoenicite | Mn2+7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.65 | Ribbeite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.70 | Jerrygibbsite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c n |
| 9.AF.75 | Franciscanite | Mn2+6(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Scorticoite | Mn6(Sb,◻)Σ2(SiO4)2O3(OH)3 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Welinite | Mn2+6(W6+,Mg)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Örebroite | Mn2+3(Sb5+,Fe3+)(SiO4)(O,OH)3 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.80 | Ellenbergerite | Mg6(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)2(Al,Mg)6Si8O28(OH)10 | Hex. 6 : _P_63 |
| 9.AF.85 | Magnesiochloritoid | MgAl2O(SiO4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b |
| 9.AF.85 | Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.AF.85 | Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b |
| 9.AF.90 | Olmiite | CaMn2+[SiO3(OH)](OH) | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a |
| 9.AF.90 | Poldervaartite | CaCa[SiO3(OH)](OH) | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a |
| 9.AF.95 | Pilawite-(Y) | Ca2Y2Al4(SiO4)4O2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
Fluorescence of HumiteHide
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Sometimes fluoresces weak pale-yellow in SW. May be confused with norbergite or chondrodite that may have a bright fluorescent response, but chondrodite does not always fluoresce.
Other InformationHide
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Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for HumiteHide
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References for HumiteHide
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Reference List:
Friedrich, Alexandra, Lager, George A., Kunz, Martin, Chakoumakos, Bryan C., Smyth, Joseph R., Schultz, Arthur J. (2001) Temperature-dependent single-crystal neutron diffraction study of natural chondrodite and clinohumites. American Mineralogist, 86 (9) 981-989 doi:10.2138/am-2001-8-904
Localities for HumiteHide
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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.