Kanonaite (original) (raw)
A valid IMA mineral species
About KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous
Specific Gravity:
3.395 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named by S. Vrana, M. Rieder, and J. Podlaha in 1978 for Kanona, a town near the type locality in Zambia.
Unique IdentifiersHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2155:1
0d24d3d3-c13a-4501-8f07-b35528ef7028
IMA Classification of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Type description reference:
Classification of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
9.AF.10
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
52.2.2b.2
52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
2 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] and >[4] coordination
16.16.1
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
16 : Aluminosilicates of Mn
Mineral SymbolsHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Kan | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Kan | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Hardness:
VHN100=906 - 1017 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
on {110} poor
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.395 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
RI values:
_n_α = 1.702 _n_β = 1.730 _n_γ = 1.823
2V:
Measured: 53° to 90°, Calculated: 62°
δ = 0.121
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Optical Extinction:
Parallel.
Comments:
X = Yellow green
Y = Bluish green
Z = deep golden yellow
Chemistry of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Mindat Formula:
Mn3+Al(SiO4)O
Common Impurities:
Ti,Fe,Cu,Zn,Pb,Mg,Ca,Ba
Chemical AnalysisHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Empirical formulas:
| Sample ID | Empirical Formula |
|---|---|
| 1 | (Mn3+0.73Al0.21Fe3+0.05)Al1.00O1.00[Si0.99Al0.01O4] |
Crystallography of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.959(2) Å, b = 8.047(2) Å, c = 5.616(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.989 : 1 : 0.698
Unit Cell V:
359.68 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Anhedral nodular porphyroblasts to 1.2 cm.
Crystal StructureHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Load
Unit Cell |Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 |3x3x3 |4x4x4
Show
Big Balls |Small Balls |Just Balls |Spacefill
Polyhedra Off |Si Polyhedra |All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background |White Background
Perspective On |Perspective Off
2D |Stereo |Red-Blue |Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best |x |y |z |a |b |c
Rotation
Stop |Start
Labels
Console Off |On |Grey |Yellow
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0000833 | Kanonaite | Weiss Z, Bailey S W, Rieder M (1981) Refinement of the crystal structure of kanonaite, (Mn,Al)(Al,Mn)O[SiO4] American Mineralogist 66 561-567 |  |
1981 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.66 Å | (100) |
| 4.59 Å | (60) |
| 3.99 Å | (20) |
| 2.83 Å | (40) |
| 2.52 Å | (40) |
| 2.30 Å | (20) |
| 1.513 Å | (20) |
Geological EnvironmentHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Geological Setting:
Metamorphic rocks
Type Occurrence of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
General Appearance of Type Material:
Anhedral, nodular porphyroblasts up to 12 mm long, enclosing patchy aggregates of coronadite and gahnite and coated by Mg-chlorite and coronadite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, 17352.
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian), Washington, D.C., USA, 144523.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Porphyroblasts in low grade gahnite schist.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Vrána, S., Rieder, M., Podlaha, J. (1978) Kanonaite, a new mineral isotype with andalusite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 66: 325-332.
Synonyms of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Other Language Names for KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Simplified Chinese:锰红柱石
Traditional Chinese:錳紅柱石
Relationship of Kanonaite to other SpeciesHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Common AssociatesHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
| 9.AF. | Chegemite | Ca7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9.AF. | Jingwenite-(Y) | YAlV4+(SiO4)O2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m |
| 9.AF. | Barwoodite | Mn2+6Nb5+(SiO4)2O3(OH)3 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.05 | Sillimanite | Al2(SiO4)O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.05 | Xenolite | Al10Si8O31 | |
| 9.AF.10 | Andalusite | Al2(SiO4)O | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n n m |
| 9.AF.15 | Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O | Tric. 1 : _P_1 |
| 9.AF.20 | Krieselite | Al2(GeO4)F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| 9.AF.20 | Mullite | Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b a m |
| 9.AF.23 | Boromullite | Al9BSi2O19 | Orth. m _m_2 : C m _c_21 |
| 9.AF.25 | Yoderite | Mg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH) | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/m |
| 9.AF.30 | Zincostaurolite | Zn2Al9Si4O23(OH) | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.AF.30 | Staurolite | Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH) | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.AF.30 | Magnesiostaurolite | Mg(Mg,Li)3(Al,Mg)18Si8O44(OH)4 | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/m |
| 9.AF.35 | Topaz | Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.40 | Norbergite | Mg3(SiO4)F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.45 | Chondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2F2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Kumtyubeite | Ca5(SiO4)2F2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Reinhardbraunsite | Ca5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Hydroxylchondrodite | Mg5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.45 | Alleghanyite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.50 | Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite) | Ca7(SiO4)4F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.50 | Humite | Mg7(SiO4)3F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P n m a |
| 9.AF.50 | Manganhumite | (Mn2+,Mg)7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.50 | Unnamed (OH-analogue of humite) | Mg7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Orth. |
| 9.AF.50 | Fluorchegemite | Ca7(SiO4)3F2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.55 | Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.55 | Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.55 | Sonolite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.60 | Leucophoenicite | Mn2+7(SiO4)3(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
| 9.AF.65 | Ribbeite | Mn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) |
| 9.AF.70 | Jerrygibbsite | Mn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2 | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c n |
| 9.AF.75 | Franciscanite | Mn2+6(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Scorticoite | Mn6(Sb,◻)Σ2(SiO4)2O3(OH)3 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Welinite | Mn2+6(W6+,Mg)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.75 | Örebroite | Mn2+3(Sb5+,Fe3+)(SiO4)(O,OH)3 | Trig. 3 : _P_3 |
| 9.AF.80 | Ellenbergerite | Mg6(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)2(Al,Mg)6Si8O28(OH)10 | Hex. 6 : _P_63 |
| 9.AF.85 | Magnesiochloritoid | MgAl2O(SiO4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b |
| 9.AF.85 | Ottrélite | Mn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 | Mon. |
| 9.AF.85 | Chloritoid | Fe2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _B_2/b |
| 9.AF.90 | Olmiite | CaMn2+[SiO3(OH)](OH) | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a |
| 9.AF.90 | Poldervaartite | CaCa[SiO3(OH)](OH) | Orth. m m m _(_2/_m_2/_m_2/m ) : P b c a |
| 9.AF.95 | Pilawite-(Y) | Ca2Y2Al4(SiO4)4O2(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : _P_21/b |
Fluorescence of KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Other InformationHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
References for KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
Reference List:
Abs-Wurmbach, I., Langer, K., Seifert, F., Tillmanns, E. (1981) The crystal chemistry of (Mn3 +, Fe3+)-substituted andalusites (viridines and kanonaite), (Al1−x−yMn3x+Fe3y+)2 (OǀSiO4): crystal structure refinements, Mössbauer, and polarized optical absorption spectra. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 155 (1-2). 81-113 doi:10.1524/zkri.1981.155.1-2.81
Localities for KanonaiteHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the 
symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
Locality ListHide
This section is currently hidden. Click the show button to view.
- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. 
- Good crystals or important locality for species. 
- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.