Audio bit depth (original) (raw)
Die Samplingtiefe, auch Bittiefe genannt, gibt die Anzahl der Bits an, die bei der Quantisierung eines analogen Signals pro Abtastwert (=Sample) verwendet werden. Sie bestimmt, in wie vielen Abstufungen die Amplitude repräsentiert werden kann. Die Samplingtiefe ist neben der Samplingrate der zweite Parameter, durch den der Digitalisierungsvorgang beschrieben wird.
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| dbo:abstract | Die Samplingtiefe, auch Bittiefe genannt, gibt die Anzahl der Bits an, die bei der Quantisierung eines analogen Signals pro Abtastwert (=Sample) verwendet werden. Sie bestimmt, in wie vielen Abstufungen die Amplitude repräsentiert werden kann. Die Samplingtiefe ist neben der Samplingrate der zweite Parameter, durch den der Digitalisierungsvorgang beschrieben wird. (de) In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc which can support up to 24 bits per sample. In basic implementations, variations in bit depth primarily affect the noise level from quantization error—thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range. However, techniques such as dithering, noise shaping, and oversampling can mitigate these effects without changing the bit depth. Bit depth also affects bit rate and file size. Bit depth is only meaningful in reference to a PCM digital signal. Non-PCM formats, such as lossy compression formats, do not have associated bit depths. (en) ビット深度（-しんど）とは、デジタル信号の離散信号（標本）1つあたりの情報量、すなわち量子化ビット数である。ビット深度はPCM音声でのみ意味を持つ。MP3やAACといった非可逆圧縮の非PCM音声ではビット深度の概念はない。オーディオやグラフィックスで使われる用語であり、この項ではデジタルオーディオでのそれについて説明する。 (ja) Nella codifica dell'audio digitale, la profondità di bit (bit depth) indica la quantità di bit di informazioni presenti in ogni campione e ne descrive, quindi, la risoluzione. Gli esempi più comuni sono il CD audio, registrato a 16 bit, e il DVD audio, che offre una profondità fino a 24 bit. Un insieme di campioni audio digitali contiene le informazioni che, convertite in segnale analogico, permettono di ricostruire e riprodurre la forma d'onda. Nella codifica Pulse-Code modulation (PCM, modulazione a codice di impulsi) la profondità influisce sull'intervallo dinamico e sul rapporto segnale/rumore. Non influisce, invece, sulla frequenza massima riproducibile, che è definita solo dalla frequenza di campionamento (si veda il Teorema di Nyquist). La relazione tra la profondità e l'intervallo dinamico è approssimabile con un rapporto di 1:6 (all'aumento di un bit di risoluzione, l'intervallo dinamico aumenta di circa 6 decibel). L'audio digitale a 24 bit ha un intervallo dinamico massimo teorico di 144 decibel, a differenza dei 96 decibel del 16 bit del CD AUDIO. Tuttavia l'intervallo dinamico massimo effettivo finora ottenibile è di circa 120 decibel, a causa delle limitazioni intrinseche ai circuiti integrati. L'importanza della bit depth nell'audio PCM è che essa determina l'intervallo dinamico massimo. In una ideale registrazione PCM, in cui la frequenza di campionamento è ben al di sopra del limite di Nyquist e a cui non sia stato applicato noise shaping, l'intervallo dinamico in decibel è 1.76 + 6.02 * numero di bit. Questa formula viene spesso semplificata in 6 decibel per bit, da cui risultano i consueti valori di estensione dinamica di 96 decibel per i 16 bit dei CD audio e di 144 per i 24 bit. (it) Em áudio digital usando modulação codificada de pulsos (PCM - Pulse Code Modulation), profundidade de bit é o número de bits de informação em cada amostra, que corresponde diretamente à resolução delas. Exemplos de profundidade de bit incluem CDs, que usam 16 bits por amostra, DVD de áudio e Bluray, que podem suportar até 24 bits por amostra. A profundidade de bit afeta principalmente o nível de ruído de erros da quantização mais a proporção sinal-ruído (signal-to-noise ratio) e além do alcance dinâmico. Entretanto, técnicas como dithering, modelamento de ruído e sobreamostragem (oversampling) suavizam estes efeitos sem mudar a profundidade de bit. Ela também afeta o bit rate e o tamanho do arquivo de áudio. Para um sinal modulado por código de pulsos (PCM), a profundidade de bit é a única referência significativa. Formatos não-PCM, como os comprimidos com perdas de dados, não têm profundidade de bit associada. Por exemplo, no formato MP3, a quantização é feita usando o domínio da frequência representando o sinal, não com base no domínio do tempo com profundidade de bits relevantes às amostras. (pt) Rozdzielczość bitowa dźwięku, głębia bitowa dźwięku (ang. bit depth) – liczba bitów opisujących jedną próbkę dźwięku (tzn. liczbę odzwierciedlającą chwilową wartość sygnału). W uproszczeniu, zmiana głębi bitowej ma wpływ na poziom szumu kwantyzacji, a zatem również na stosunek sygnału do szumu (ang. signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) oraz zakres dynamiki dźwięku. Istnieją jednak techniki takie jak , dithering i , które oddziałują na powyższe efekty bez zmiany głębi bitowej. Rozdzielczość bitowa wpływa także na rozmiar pliku audio – im większa jest liczba bitów w próbce, tym większy jest rozmiar pliku. Rozdzielczość bitowa dotyczy wyłącznie sygnału cyfrowego PCM (ang. Pulse-Code Modulation). Formaty ze stratną kompresją nie są z nią związane. Przykładowe wartości głębi bitowej to 16 bitów na próbkę w płytach CD i do 24 bitów w płytach DVD i dyskach Blu-ray. (pl) 在數位音訊與脈衝編碼調變（英語：PCM）中，音訊位元深度（英語：audio bit depth）是指每次取樣儲存着多少位元（英語：bit）的資訊，数值直接对应着每次取樣的解析度。比如，數位音樂光碟采用16位元儲存取樣，则每个取樣點可以儲存65,536（216）种可能振幅值之一；DVD-A與藍光光碟則最高可支援24位元，即每个取樣點最多可以儲存16,777,216（224）种可能振幅值之一。 在一些基本执行实例中，位元深度的變化主要影響由量化误差引起的量化雜訊水平，比如說訊噪比（英語：SNR）和動態範圍。不过，抖动、过采样、等技术也能够减轻上述影响，同时维持位元深度不变。另外，位元深度還會影響位元速率和檔案大小。 位元深度仅对PCM數位化訊號有意义，而有损数据压缩格式等非PCM格式并无「位元深度」一说。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | Die Samplingtiefe, auch Bittiefe genannt, gibt die Anzahl der Bits an, die bei der Quantisierung eines analogen Signals pro Abtastwert (=Sample) verwendet werden. Sie bestimmt, in wie vielen Abstufungen die Amplitude repräsentiert werden kann. Die Samplingtiefe ist neben der Samplingrate der zweite Parameter, durch den der Digitalisierungsvorgang beschrieben wird. (de) ビット深度（-しんど）とは、デジタル信号の離散信号（標本）1つあたりの情報量、すなわち量子化ビット数である。ビット深度はPCM音声でのみ意味を持つ。MP3やAACといった非可逆圧縮の非PCM音声ではビット深度の概念はない。オーディオやグラフィックスで使われる用語であり、この項ではデジタルオーディオでのそれについて説明する。 (ja) 在數位音訊與脈衝編碼調變（英語：PCM）中，音訊位元深度（英語：audio bit depth）是指每次取樣儲存着多少位元（英語：bit）的資訊，数值直接对应着每次取樣的解析度。比如，數位音樂光碟采用16位元儲存取樣，则每个取樣點可以儲存65,536（216）种可能振幅值之一；DVD-A與藍光光碟則最高可支援24位元，即每个取樣點最多可以儲存16,777,216（224）种可能振幅值之一。 在一些基本执行实例中，位元深度的變化主要影響由量化误差引起的量化雜訊水平，比如說訊噪比（英語：SNR）和動態範圍。不过，抖动、过采样、等技术也能够减轻上述影响，同时维持位元深度不变。另外，位元深度還會影響位元速率和檔案大小。 位元深度仅对PCM數位化訊號有意义，而有损数据压缩格式等非PCM格式并无「位元深度」一说。 (zh) In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc which can support up to 24 bits per sample. Bit depth is only meaningful in reference to a PCM digital signal. Non-PCM formats, such as lossy compression formats, do not have associated bit depths. (en) Nella codifica dell'audio digitale, la profondità di bit (bit depth) indica la quantità di bit di informazioni presenti in ogni campione e ne descrive, quindi, la risoluzione. Gli esempi più comuni sono il CD audio, registrato a 16 bit, e il DVD audio, che offre una profondità fino a 24 bit. (it) Rozdzielczość bitowa dźwięku, głębia bitowa dźwięku (ang. bit depth) – liczba bitów opisujących jedną próbkę dźwięku (tzn. liczbę odzwierciedlającą chwilową wartość sygnału). W uproszczeniu, zmiana głębi bitowej ma wpływ na poziom szumu kwantyzacji, a zatem również na stosunek sygnału do szumu (ang. signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) oraz zakres dynamiki dźwięku. Istnieją jednak techniki takie jak , dithering i , które oddziałują na powyższe efekty bez zmiany głębi bitowej. Rozdzielczość bitowa wpływa także na rozmiar pliku audio – im większa jest liczba bitów w próbce, tym większy jest rozmiar pliku. (pl) Em áudio digital usando modulação codificada de pulsos (PCM - Pulse Code Modulation), profundidade de bit é o número de bits de informação em cada amostra, que corresponde diretamente à resolução delas. Exemplos de profundidade de bit incluem CDs, que usam 16 bits por amostra, DVD de áudio e Bluray, que podem suportar até 24 bits por amostra. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Samplingtiefe (de) Audio bit depth (en) Profondità di bit (it) ビット深度 (音響機器) (ja) Rozdzielczość bitowa dźwięku (pl) Profundidade de bit de áudio (pt) 位元深度 (音訊) (zh) |
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