Do-support (original) (raw)
Do-support (or do-insertion), in English grammar, is the use of the auxiliary verb do, including its inflected forms does and did, to form negated clauses and questions as well as other constructions in which subject–auxiliary inversion is required. Do-support is not used when there is already an auxiliary or copular verb present or with non-finite verb forms (infinitives and participles). It is sometimes used with subjunctive forms. Furthermore, the use of do as an auxiliary should be distinguished from the use of do as a normal lexical verb, as in They do their homework.
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| dbo:abstract | Do-support (or do-insertion), in English grammar, is the use of the auxiliary verb do, including its inflected forms does and did, to form negated clauses and questions as well as other constructions in which subject–auxiliary inversion is required. The verb "do" can be used as an auxiliary even in simple declarative sentences, and it usually serves to add emphasis, as in "I did shut the fridge." However, in the negated and inverted clauses referred to above, it is used because the conventions of Modern English syntax permit these constructions only when an auxiliary is present. It is not idiomatic in Modern English to add the negating word not to a lexical verb with finite form; not can be added only to an auxiliary or copular verb. For example, the sentence I am not with the copula be is fully idiomatic, but I know not with a finite lexical verb, while grammatical, is archaic. If there is no other auxiliary present when negation is required, the auxiliary do is used to produce a form like I do not (don't) know. The same applies in clauses requiring inversion, including most questions: inversion must involve the subject and an auxiliary verb so it is not idiomatic to say Know you him?; today's English usually substitutes Do you know him? Do-support is not used when there is already an auxiliary or copular verb present or with non-finite verb forms (infinitives and participles). It is sometimes used with subjunctive forms. Furthermore, the use of do as an auxiliary should be distinguished from the use of do as a normal lexical verb, as in They do their homework. (en) I engelska är det ovanligt att använda samma ordföljd vid exempelvis frågor som i svenska. Istället använder man så kallad do-omskrivning, på engelska do-support eller do-insertion kallas en grammatisk konstruktion i engelskan. Satsens egentliga underställs i frågor och negerade satser hjälpverbet do som böjs efter subjekt och tempus, och hjälpverbet placeras sedan i den syntaktiska position verbet enligt gängse germanska meningsbyggnadsregler skulle få. Huvudverbet, som står i infinitiv, placeras sedan efter subjektet (i frågefallet) eller not (i negationsfallet). Exempel: - Did he wash the car? (ordagrant: Gjorde han tvätta bilen?)- Yes, but he didn't wax it. (ordagrant: Ja, men han gjorde inte vaxa den.) (sv) |
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| rdfs:comment | Do-support (or do-insertion), in English grammar, is the use of the auxiliary verb do, including its inflected forms does and did, to form negated clauses and questions as well as other constructions in which subject–auxiliary inversion is required. Do-support is not used when there is already an auxiliary or copular verb present or with non-finite verb forms (infinitives and participles). It is sometimes used with subjunctive forms. Furthermore, the use of do as an auxiliary should be distinguished from the use of do as a normal lexical verb, as in They do their homework. (en) I engelska är det ovanligt att använda samma ordföljd vid exempelvis frågor som i svenska. Istället använder man så kallad do-omskrivning, på engelska do-support eller do-insertion kallas en grammatisk konstruktion i engelskan. Satsens egentliga underställs i frågor och negerade satser hjälpverbet do som böjs efter subjekt och tempus, och hjälpverbet placeras sedan i den syntaktiska position verbet enligt gängse germanska meningsbyggnadsregler skulle få. Huvudverbet, som står i infinitiv, placeras sedan efter subjektet (i frågefallet) eller not (i negationsfallet). Exempel: (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Do-support (en) Do-omskrivning (sv) |
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