Edmund Sharpe (original) (raw)

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Edmund Sharpe, née le 31 octobre 1809 à Knutsford et mort le 8 mai 1877 à Milan, était un architecte et ingénieur de chemins de fer britannique. Il commence sa carrière professionnelle par le métier d'architecte, il construit principalement des églises et devient un spécialiste de l'architecture religieuse médiévale. En 1851 il abandonne ce métier et consacre le reste de sa vie aux chemins de fer en Angleterre, mais aussi sur le continent notamment en Suisse et en France.

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dbo:abstract كان ادموند شارب(31 أكتوبر1809 - 8 مايو 1877)مهندسًا معماريًا انجليزيًا، ومؤرخًا معماريًا، ومهندسًا في السكك الحديدية، ومصلحًا صحيًا. ولد في كنوتسفورد، شيشاير، تلقى تعليمه أولًا على يد والديه، ثم في المدارس محليًا وفي رنكورن، وغرينتش وسيدبرج. بعد تخرجه من جامعة كامبريدج حصل على منحة دراسية للسفر، وتمكينه من دراسة الهندسة المعمارية في ألمانيا وجنوب فرنسا. في عام 1835 أسس الممارسة المعمارية في لانكستر، عمل في البداية من تلقاء نفسه. في عام 1845 دخل في شراكة مع إدوارد بالي، واحد من تلاميذه. كان التركيز الرئيس لشارب على الكنائس، وكان رائدا في استخدام الطين كمادة هيكلية في بناء الكنيسة، وتصميم ما كانت تعرف باسم «وعاء» الكنائس، أولها كان كنيسة القديس ستيفن وكل الشهداء في ليفربريدج. كما قام بتصميم المباني العلمانية، بما في ذلك المباني السكنية والمدارس، وعمل على تطوير السكك الحديدية في شمال غرب إنجلترا، وتصميم الجسور والتخطيط لسكك جديدة. في عام 1851 استقال من الممارسة المعمارية، وعام 1856 انتقل من لانكستر، وأمضى بقية حياته يعمل مهندسا في السكك الحديدية، لأول مرة في شمال ويلز، ثم في سويسرا وجنوب فرنسا. عاد شارب إلى إنجلترا في عام 1866 للعيش في سكوتفورث قرب لانكستر، حيث قام بتصميم كنيسة نهائية بالقرب من منزله. بينما كان يعمل في مكتبه للهندسة المعمارية، شارك شارب في الشؤون المدنية لانكستر. كان عضوا في مجلس المدينة المنتخب وشغل منصب رئيس بلدية في 1848-1849. كان مهتما بإمدادات المياه للفقراء في المدينة والصرف الصحي، وكان يؤيد بناء شبكات الصرف الصحي الجديدة ومحطات المياه. كان موسيقيا موهوبا، وشارك في الأنشطة الفنية والأدبية، والعلمية في المدينة. كان أيضا رياضيا، فكان يمارس الرماية والتجديف والكريكيت. حقق شارب اعتراف وطني باعتباره مؤرخ معماري. ونشر الكتب من الرسومات المعمارية التفصيلية، وكتب عددا من المقالات حول الهندسة المعمارية، ووضع خطة لتصنيف الطرز المعمارية الإنجليزية القوطية، وعام 1875 حصل على الميدالية الذهبية الملكي من المعهد الملكي للمهندسين المعماريين البريطانيين. وانتقد الكثير من ترميم الكنائس في القرون الوسطى التي أصبحت مهنة كبيرا من المهندسين المعماريين المعاصرين. في نهاية حياته المهنية نظم شارب البعثات لدراسة ورسم المباني في إنجلترا وفرنسا. بينما كان في رحلة استكشافية إلى إيطاليا في عام 1877، اقتيد مريضا ومات. تم نقل جثمانه إلى لانكستر، حيث دفن. يتكون تراث شارب البالغ عددهم نحو 40 كنيسة موجودة. ميزات السكك الحديدية، بما في ذلك وادي الخط والجسور على ما هو الآن من القسم لانكشاير للخط الساحل الغربي الرئيسية كونوي. وأرشفة له من الكتب المعمارية والمقالات والرسومات. (ar) Edmund Sharpe (31 October 1809 – 8 May 1877) was an English architect, architectural historian, railway engineer, and sanitary reformer. Born in Knutsford, Cheshire, he was educated first by his parents and then at schools locally and in Runcorn, Greenwich and Sedbergh. Following his graduation from Cambridge University he was awarded a travelling scholarship, enabling him to study architecture in Germany and southern France. In 1835 he established an architectural practice in Lancaster, initially working on his own. In 1845 he entered into partnership with Edward Paley, one of his pupils. Sharpe's main focus was on churches, and he was a pioneer in the use of terracotta as a structural material in church building, designing what were known as "pot" churches, the first of which was St Stephen and All Martyrs' Church, Lever Bridge. He also designed secular buildings, including residential buildings and schools, and worked on the development of railways in north-west England, designing bridges and planning new lines. In 1851 he resigned from his architectural practice, and in 1856 he moved from Lancaster, spending the remainder of his career mainly as a railway engineer, first in North Wales, then in Switzerland and southern France. Sharpe returned to England in 1866 to live in Scotforth near Lancaster, where he designed a final church near to his home. While working in his architectural practice, Sharpe was involved in Lancaster's civic affairs. He was an elected town councillor and served as mayor in 1848–49. Concerned about the town's poor water supply and sanitation, he championed the construction of new sewers and a waterworks. He was a talented musician, and took part in the artistic, literary, and scientific activities in the town. Also an accomplished sportsman, he took an active interest in archery, rowing and cricket. Sharpe achieved national recognition as an architectural historian. He published books of detailed architectural drawings, wrote a number of articles on architecture, devised a scheme for the classification of English Gothic architectural styles, and in 1875 was awarded the Royal Gold Medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects. He was critical of much of the restoration of medieval churches that had become a major occupation of contemporary architects. Towards the end of his career Sharpe organised expeditions to study and draw buildings in England and France. While on such an expedition to Italy in 1877, he was taken ill and died. His body was taken to Lancaster, where he was buried. Sharpe's legacy consists of about 40 extant churches; railway features, including the Conwy Valley Line and bridges on what is now the Lancashire section of the West Coast Main Line; and his archive of architectural books, articles and drawings. (en) Edmund Sharpe (31 de octubre de 1809 – 8 de mayo de 1877) fue un arquitecto inglés, historiador arquitectónico, ingeniero de ferrocarril, y reformista sanitario. Nacido en Knutsford, Cheshire, fue educado primero por sus padres, luego en escuelas locales y posteriormente en Runcorn, Greenwich y Sedbergh. Luego de su graduación en la Universidad de Cambridge, le fue otorgada una beca ambulante, habilitándolo para estudiar arquitectura en Alemania y el sur de Francia. En 1835 se estableció en Lancaster, trabajando inicialmente por cuenta propia en un estudio de arquitectura. En 1845 integra una sociedad con uno de sus alumnos, Edward Paley. El foco principal de Sharpe eran las iglesias, y fue un pionero en el uso de la terracota como material estructural en la construcción de éstas, diseño qué fuera conocido como iglesias de "tarro", la primera de las cuales fue St Stephen y la Iglesia de Todos los Mártires, Puente de Palanca. Él también diseñó edificios seculares, incluyendo escuelas y edificios residenciales, y trabajó en el desarrollo de ferrocarriles en el noroeste de Inglaterra, diseñando puentes y planeando nuevas líneas. En 1851 dimita de suarquitectura práctica, y en 1856 se va de Lancaster, pasando el resto de su carrera principalmente como ingeniero de ferrocarril, primero en Gales del Norte, luego en Suiza y el sur de Francia. Sharpe regresó a Inglaterra en 1866 para vivir en Scotforth cerca de Lancaster, donde diseñó al final una iglesia cercana a su casa. Mientras trabajaba en su arquitectura práctica, Sharpe estuvo implicado en asuntos cívicos en Lancaster. Fue elegido como concejal de la ciudad y se desempeñó como alcalde en 1848–49. Preocupado sobre el pobre suministro de agua y el estado sanitario de la ciudad, defendió la construcción de nuevas alcantarillas y obras hídricas. Fue un músico talentoso, y participó en lo artístico, literario, y actividades científicas en la ciudad. También fue un deportista consumado, tome activa participación en la arquería, remo y cricket. Sharpe consiguió renombre nacional como un historiador arquitectónico. Publicó libros de dibujos arquitectónicos detallados, escribió un sinnúmero de artículos de arquitectura, ingenió un esquema para la clasificación de estilos arquitectónicos góticos ingleses, y en 1875 fue galardonado con la Medalla de Oro Real del Instituto Real de Arquitectos Británicos. Fue crítico de muchas de las restauraciones de iglesias medievales que se habían convertido en la tarea más importante de los arquitectos contemporáneos. Hacia el fin de su carrera Sharpe organizó expediciones para estudiar y dibujar edificios en Inglaterra y Francia. Durante una expedición a Italia en 1877, enfermó y murió. Su cuerpo fue llevado a Lancaster, donde fue enterrado. El legado de Sharpe consta de aproximadamente 40 iglesias existentes; características de ferrocarril, incluyendo la Línea del Valle Conwy y puentes en lo qué es ahora la sección de la Línea Principal de la Costa Oeste de Lancashire; y su archivo de libros arquitectónicos, artículos y dibujos. * Datos: Q31475 * Multimedia: Edmund Sharpe / Q31475 (es) Edmund Sharpe, née le 31 octobre 1809 à Knutsford et mort le 8 mai 1877 à Milan, était un architecte et ingénieur de chemins de fer britannique. Il commence sa carrière professionnelle par le métier d'architecte, il construit principalement des églises et devient un spécialiste de l'architecture religieuse médiévale. En 1851 il abandonne ce métier et consacre le reste de sa vie aux chemins de fer en Angleterre, mais aussi sur le continent notamment en Suisse et en France. (fr) Edmund Sharpe foi um arquiteto, historiador da arquitetura, engenheiro ferroviário e reformador sanitário inglês. Nascido em Knutsford, Cheshire, foi educado primeiro por seus pais, depois nas escolas locais e mais tarde em , Greenwich e . Após a graduação da Universidade de Cambridge, foi premiado com uma bolsa de estudo, permitindo-lhe estudar arquitetura na Alemanha e no sul da França. Em 1835 instalou-se em Lancaster, inicialmente trabalhando sozinho num estúdio de arquitetura. Em 1845, juntou-se em parceria com um dos seus alunos, . O principal foco de Sharpe foram as igrejas, e foi um pioneiro no uso de terracota como material estrutural na construção destes projeto que ficou conhecido como igrejas "pot", a primeira das quais foi St Stephen and All Martyrs, perto de Bolton, na Inglaterra. Sharpe também criou edifícios seculares, incluindo escolas e edifícios residenciais, e trabalhou no desenvolvimento de ferrovias no noroeste da Inglaterra, projetando pontes e planeando novas linhas. Em 1851 deixou a arquitetura, e em 1856 deixou Lancaster, passando o resto da sua carreira como engenheiro ferroviário, primeiro no norte do País de Gales, e em seguida na Suíça e no sul da França. Sharpe retornou a Inglaterra em 1866 para morar em Scotforth, perto de Lancaster, onde projetou uma igreja perto de sua casa. Ao trabalhar na sua arquitetura prática, Sharpe estava envolvido em assuntos cívicos em Lancaster. Foi eleito como conselheiro municipal e foi prefeito em 1848-49. Preocupado com o mau abastecimento de água e com o estado da saúde da cidade, defendeu a construção de novos esgotos e obras de saneamento. Era ainda um músico talentoso e participou em atividades artísticas, literárias e científicas na cidade. Também foi um bom atleta, participando ativamente em provas de , remo e críquete. Sharpe ganhou fama em Inglaterra como historiador da arquitetura. Publicou livros de desenhos arquitetónicos detalhados, escreveu uma série de artigos sobre arquitetura, conseguiu um esquema para a classificação dos estilos da arquitetura gótica na Inglaterra, e em 1875 foi agraciado com a Medalha Real de Ouro do Royal Institute of British Architects. Criticava muitas das restaurações de igrejas medievais, que se tornaram a tarefa mais importante dos arquitetos contemporâneos. No final da sua carreira Sharpe organizou expedições para estudar e desenhar edifícios na Inglaterra e na França. Durante uma expedição à Itália em 1877, ficou doente e morreu. Seu corpo foi levado para Lancaster, onde foi enterrado. O legado de Sharpe consiste em aproximadamente 40 igrejas existentes, obras em caminho de ferro, incluindo a linha do vale de Conwy, e pontes, no que é agora a secção da linha principal da costa ocidental de Lancashire, e no seu arquivo de livros arquitetónicos, artigos e desenhos. (pt)
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rdfs:comment Edmund Sharpe, née le 31 octobre 1809 à Knutsford et mort le 8 mai 1877 à Milan, était un architecte et ingénieur de chemins de fer britannique. Il commence sa carrière professionnelle par le métier d'architecte, il construit principalement des églises et devient un spécialiste de l'architecture religieuse médiévale. En 1851 il abandonne ce métier et consacre le reste de sa vie aux chemins de fer en Angleterre, mais aussi sur le continent notamment en Suisse et en France. (fr) كان ادموند شارب(31 أكتوبر1809 - 8 مايو 1877)مهندسًا معماريًا انجليزيًا، ومؤرخًا معماريًا، ومهندسًا في السكك الحديدية، ومصلحًا صحيًا. ولد في كنوتسفورد، شيشاير، تلقى تعليمه أولًا على يد والديه، ثم في المدارس محليًا وفي رنكورن، وغرينتش وسيدبرج. بعد تخرجه من جامعة كامبريدج حصل على منحة دراسية للسفر، وتمكينه من دراسة الهندسة المعمارية في ألمانيا وجنوب فرنسا. في عام 1835 أسس الممارسة المعمارية في لانكستر، عمل في البداية من تلقاء نفسه. في عام 1845 دخل في شراكة مع إدوارد بالي، واحد من تلاميذه. كان التركيز الرئيس لشارب على الكنائس، وكان رائدا في استخدام الطين كمادة هيكلية في بناء الكنيسة، وتصميم ما كانت تعرف باسم «وعاء» الكنائس، أولها كان كنيسة القديس ستيفن وكل الشهداء في ليفربريدج. (ar) Edmund Sharpe (31 October 1809 – 8 May 1877) was an English architect, architectural historian, railway engineer, and sanitary reformer. Born in Knutsford, Cheshire, he was educated first by his parents and then at schools locally and in Runcorn, Greenwich and Sedbergh. Following his graduation from Cambridge University he was awarded a travelling scholarship, enabling him to study architecture in Germany and southern France. In 1835 he established an architectural practice in Lancaster, initially working on his own. In 1845 he entered into partnership with Edward Paley, one of his pupils. Sharpe's main focus was on churches, and he was a pioneer in the use of terracotta as a structural material in church building, designing what were known as "pot" churches, the first of which was St Step (en) Edmund Sharpe (31 de octubre de 1809 – 8 de mayo de 1877) fue un arquitecto inglés, historiador arquitectónico, ingeniero de ferrocarril, y reformista sanitario. Nacido en Knutsford, Cheshire, fue educado primero por sus padres, luego en escuelas locales y posteriormente en Runcorn, Greenwich y Sedbergh. Luego de su graduación en la Universidad de Cambridge, le fue otorgada una beca ambulante, habilitándolo para estudiar arquitectura en Alemania y el sur de Francia. En 1835 se estableció en Lancaster, trabajando inicialmente por cuenta propia en un estudio de arquitectura. En 1845 integra una sociedad con uno de sus alumnos, Edward Paley. El foco principal de Sharpe eran las iglesias, y fue un pionero en el uso de la terracota como material estructural en la construcción de éstas, diseño q (es) Edmund Sharpe foi um arquiteto, historiador da arquitetura, engenheiro ferroviário e reformador sanitário inglês. Nascido em Knutsford, Cheshire, foi educado primeiro por seus pais, depois nas escolas locais e mais tarde em , Greenwich e . Após a graduação da Universidade de Cambridge, foi premiado com uma bolsa de estudo, permitindo-lhe estudar arquitetura na Alemanha e no sul da França. Em 1835 instalou-se em Lancaster, inicialmente trabalhando sozinho num estúdio de arquitetura. Em 1845, juntou-se em parceria com um dos seus alunos, . O principal foco de Sharpe foram as igrejas, e foi um pioneiro no uso de terracota como material estrutural na construção destes projeto que ficou conhecido como igrejas "pot", a primeira das q (pt)
rdfs:label إدموند شارب (ar) Edmund Sharpe (en) Edmund Sharpe (es) Edmund Sharpe (fr) Edmund Sharpe (pt)
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