History of Arda (original) (raw)
Historie Ardy, fiktivního světa J. R. R. Tolkiena, začíná jejím stvořením Eru Ilúvatarem a příchodem prvních Ainur. Až do prvního východu Slunce se počítají hvězdné věky, po nich pak přicházejí . První věk je charakteristický zápasem elfů a lidí s prvním temným pánem Morgothem v tzv. Beleriandských válkách o klenoty silmarily. Na konci prvního věku pak přichází válka hněvu a zkáza Beleriandu. Ve Druhém věku dochází k vzestupu a pádu říše lidí z ostrova Númenor a k porážce Morgothova služebníka Saurona armádami posledního spojenectví. Ve Třetím věku odchází většina elfů ze Středozemě na západ a začíná tak panování lidí. V závěru tohoto věku se odehrává děj Tolkienova románu Pán prstenů. Čtvrtý věk je Tolkienem nastíněn v Dodatcích knihy Návrat krále.
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| dbo:abstract | Historie Ardy, fiktivního světa J. R. R. Tolkiena, začíná jejím stvořením Eru Ilúvatarem a příchodem prvních Ainur. Až do prvního východu Slunce se počítají hvězdné věky, po nich pak přicházejí . První věk je charakteristický zápasem elfů a lidí s prvním temným pánem Morgothem v tzv. Beleriandských válkách o klenoty silmarily. Na konci prvního věku pak přichází válka hněvu a zkáza Beleriandu. Ve Druhém věku dochází k vzestupu a pádu říše lidí z ostrova Númenor a k porážce Morgothova služebníka Saurona armádami posledního spojenectví. Ve Třetím věku odchází většina elfů ze Středozemě na západ a začíná tak panování lidí. V závěru tohoto věku se odehrává děj Tolkienova románu Pán prstenů. Čtvrtý věk je Tolkienem nastíněn v Dodatcích knihy Návrat krále. (cs) Η Τρίτη Εποχή είναι μια χρονική περίοδος στα έργα φαντασίας του Τζ. Ρ. Ρ. Τόλκιν για τον κόσμο της Μέσης Γης.Χαρακτηριστικά της στοιχεία υπήρξαν η κυριαρχία του Σάουρον σε σχεδόν όλην την Μέση Γη, ο Πόλεμος του Δαχτυλιδιού και η καταστροφή του Ενός Δαχτυλιδιού, που έφερε το τέλος του Σάουρον. (el) In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, the history of Arda, also called the history of Middle-earth, began when the Ainur entered Arda, following the creation events in the Ainulindalë and long ages of labour throughout Eä, the fictional universe. Time from that point was measured using Valian Years, though the subsequent history of Arda was divided into three time periods using different years, known as the Years of the Lamps, the Years of the Trees and the Years of the Sun. A separate, overlapping chronology divides the history into 'Ages of the Children of Ilúvatar'. The first such Age began with the Awakening of the Elves during the Years of the Trees and continued for the first six centuries of the Years of the Sun. All the subsequent Ages took place during the Years of the Sun. Most Middle-earth stories take place in the first three Ages of the Children of Ilúvatar. Major themes of the history are the divine creation of the world, followed by the splintering of the created light as different wills come into conflict. Scholars have noted the biblical echoes of God, Satan, and the fall of man here, rooted in Tolkien's own Christian faith. Arda is, as critics have noted, "our own green and solid Earth at some quite remote epoch in the past." As such, it has not only an immediate story but a history, and the whole thing is an "imagined prehistory" of the Earth as it is now. (en) La historia de Arda es la historia de los eventos ocurridos en el mundo conocido generalmente como Valinor, Beleriand y la Tierra Media. La historia de Arda se divide en Edades, cada una de las cuales se puede medir en años, ya sea años valianos o años solares, dependiendo del patrón que se use para medir el tiempo: los ciclos de los Dos Árboles o los ciclos de la Tierra y el Sol. (es) La storia di Arda è la storia dell'universo fantasy creato da J. R. R. Tolkien. Essa inizia con l'entrata degli Ainur in Arda, successivamente alla cosmogonia narrata nell'Ainulindalë. Da quel momento il tempo inizia a essere misurato in ere e in anni dei Valar, segnando il passaggio di diverse epoche: la Primavera di Arda, gli Anni delle Lampade e gli Anni degli Alberi, mentre le cronache dell'ultima epoca, gli Anni del Sole, si basano esclusivamente sull'anno solare. Una cronologia separata dalla precedente e parzialmente sovrapposta, suddivide la storia di Arda in ere dei figli di Ilúvatar. La prima di queste ere inizia con il risveglio degli elfi durante gli Anni degli Alberi e continua durante i primi sei secoli degli Anni del Sole. Tutte le ere seguenti fanno parte degli Anni del Sole. La maggior parte dei racconti della Terra di Mezzo si svolgono nelle prime tre ere dei figli di Ilúvatar. Tolkien non fornì cronologie ed eventi successivi ai primi due secoli della Quarta Era, ma indicò che con il passare del tempo la storia di Arda confluisce nella storia reale della Terra, risultando quindi una preistoria mitica e leggendaria. Tolkien concepì Arda e la sua storia come appunti di carattere mitopoietico, per creare una mitologia inglese e per fornire un contesto storico per le produzioni poetiche e le lingue elfiche artificiali che andava ideando. Le parti più antiche di questo legendarium furono scritte e rielaborate varie volte nel corso di diversi anni da Tolkien. Con la pubblicazione dello Hobbit e del Signore degli Anelli, che entrarono a fare parte di questo corpus, l'autore diede forma alle ere successive della storia di Arda, e poi riprese in mano le sue bozze per creare un universo coerente in vista di una futura pubblicazione. Non riuscì però a completare l'opera prima della morte, per cui questo materiale venne raccolto, selezionato e pubblicato dal figlio Christopher in forma definitiva nel Silmarillion o in versioni e bozze precedenti in altre opere come The History of Middle-earth o Racconti incompiuti. (it) アルダの歴史（アルダのれきし）では、J・R・R・トールキンの小説『指輪物語』および『シルマリルの物語』の作中で用いられる架空の時代区分について述べる。 (ja) История Арды — части вселенной Эа, разработанной в произведениях Дж. Р. Р. Толкина, — началась со схождения Айнур в Арду (начало ). С этого момента время стало измеряться с помощью Валианских лет, хотя позже история Арды была разделена на три периода — Эпоху Светильников, Эпоху Деревьев и Эпоху Солнца. Согласно другой, параллельной хронологии, история Арды делится на . началась с пробуждения эльфов во время Эпохи Деревьев и завершилась приблизительно через шестьсот лет после начала Эпохи Солнца. В состав Эпохи Солнца входят Первая, , и последующие эпохи. Большинство текстов о Средиземье приходится на Первую, Вторую и Третью эпохи. (ru) Historia Ardy – całość fikcyjnej historii ze stworzonej przez J.R.R. Tolkiena mitologii Śródziemia. Składają się na nią: (pl) |
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| rdfs:comment | Historie Ardy, fiktivního světa J. R. R. Tolkiena, začíná jejím stvořením Eru Ilúvatarem a příchodem prvních Ainur. Až do prvního východu Slunce se počítají hvězdné věky, po nich pak přicházejí . První věk je charakteristický zápasem elfů a lidí s prvním temným pánem Morgothem v tzv. Beleriandských válkách o klenoty silmarily. Na konci prvního věku pak přichází válka hněvu a zkáza Beleriandu. Ve Druhém věku dochází k vzestupu a pádu říše lidí z ostrova Númenor a k porážce Morgothova služebníka Saurona armádami posledního spojenectví. Ve Třetím věku odchází většina elfů ze Středozemě na západ a začíná tak panování lidí. V závěru tohoto věku se odehrává děj Tolkienova románu Pán prstenů. Čtvrtý věk je Tolkienem nastíněn v Dodatcích knihy Návrat krále. (cs) Η Τρίτη Εποχή είναι μια χρονική περίοδος στα έργα φαντασίας του Τζ. Ρ. Ρ. Τόλκιν για τον κόσμο της Μέσης Γης.Χαρακτηριστικά της στοιχεία υπήρξαν η κυριαρχία του Σάουρον σε σχεδόν όλην την Μέση Γη, ο Πόλεμος του Δαχτυλιδιού και η καταστροφή του Ενός Δαχτυλιδιού, που έφερε το τέλος του Σάουρον. (el) La historia de Arda es la historia de los eventos ocurridos en el mundo conocido generalmente como Valinor, Beleriand y la Tierra Media. La historia de Arda se divide en Edades, cada una de las cuales se puede medir en años, ya sea años valianos o años solares, dependiendo del patrón que se use para medir el tiempo: los ciclos de los Dos Árboles o los ciclos de la Tierra y el Sol. (es) アルダの歴史（アルダのれきし）では、J・R・R・トールキンの小説『指輪物語』および『シルマリルの物語』の作中で用いられる架空の時代区分について述べる。 (ja) История Арды — части вселенной Эа, разработанной в произведениях Дж. Р. Р. Толкина, — началась со схождения Айнур в Арду (начало ). С этого момента время стало измеряться с помощью Валианских лет, хотя позже история Арды была разделена на три периода — Эпоху Светильников, Эпоху Деревьев и Эпоху Солнца. Согласно другой, параллельной хронологии, история Арды делится на . началась с пробуждения эльфов во время Эпохи Деревьев и завершилась приблизительно через шестьсот лет после начала Эпохи Солнца. В состав Эпохи Солнца входят Первая, , и последующие эпохи. Большинство текстов о Средиземье приходится на Первую, Вторую и Третью эпохи. (ru) Historia Ardy – całość fikcyjnej historii ze stworzonej przez J.R.R. Tolkiena mitologii Śródziemia. Składają się na nią: (pl) In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, the history of Arda, also called the history of Middle-earth, began when the Ainur entered Arda, following the creation events in the Ainulindalë and long ages of labour throughout Eä, the fictional universe. Time from that point was measured using Valian Years, though the subsequent history of Arda was divided into three time periods using different years, known as the Years of the Lamps, the Years of the Trees and the Years of the Sun. A separate, overlapping chronology divides the history into 'Ages of the Children of Ilúvatar'. The first such Age began with the Awakening of the Elves during the Years of the Trees and continued for the first six centuries of the Years of the Sun. All the subsequent Ages took place during the Years of the Sun. Most Midd (en) La storia di Arda è la storia dell'universo fantasy creato da J. R. R. Tolkien. Essa inizia con l'entrata degli Ainur in Arda, successivamente alla cosmogonia narrata nell'Ainulindalë. Da quel momento il tempo inizia a essere misurato in ere e in anni dei Valar, segnando il passaggio di diverse epoche: la Primavera di Arda, gli Anni delle Lampade e gli Anni degli Alberi, mentre le cronache dell'ultima epoca, gli Anni del Sole, si basano esclusivamente sull'anno solare. Una cronologia separata dalla precedente e parzialmente sovrapposta, suddivide la storia di Arda in ere dei figli di Ilúvatar. La prima di queste ere inizia con il risveglio degli elfi durante gli Anni degli Alberi e continua durante i primi sei secoli degli Anni del Sole. Tutte le ere seguenti fanno parte degli Anni del Sol (it) |
| rdfs:label | Dějiny Ardy (cs) Τρίτη Εποχή (el) Historia de Arda (es) History of Arda (en) Storia di Arda (it) アルダの歴史 (ja) Historia Ardy (pl) История Арды (ru) |
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