Christianity in Middle-earth (original) (raw)
- Christianity is a central theme in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional works about Middle-earth, but always a hidden one. This allows the book to be read at different levels, and its meaning to be applied by the reader, rather than forcing a single meaning on the reader. J. R. R. Tolkien was a devout Roman Catholic from boyhood, and he described The Lord of the Rings in particular as “unconsciously” a "fundamentally religious and Catholic work". While he insisted it was not an allegory, it contains numerous themes from Christian theology. These include the battle of good versus evil, the triumph of humility over pride, and the activity of grace. A central theme is death and immortality, with light as a symbol of divine creation, but Tolkien's attitudes to mercy and pity, resurrection, the Eucharist, salvation, repentance, self-sacrifice, free will, justice, fellowship, authority and healing can also be detected. Divine providence appears indirectly as the will of the Valar, godlike immortals, expressed subtly enough to avoid compromising people's free will. There is no single Christ-figure comparable to C. S. Lewis's Aslan in his Narnia books, but the characters of Gandalf, Frodo, and Aragorn exemplify the threefold office, the prophetic, priestly, and kingly aspects of Christ respectively. (en)
- El cristianismo es un tema central en las obras ficticias de J. R. R. Tolkien sobre la Tierra Media, pero siempre oculto, lo que permite que sus obras se lean en diferentes niveles y que su significado sea descubierto por el lector en vez de presentarle un sentido único. Tolkien fue un católico romano devoto desde la niñez y describió El Señor de los Anillos como una obra religiosa y católica. Si bien insistió en que no era una alegoría, contiene numerosos temas de la teología cristiana, como la batalla del bien contra el mal, el triunfo de la humildad sobre el orgullo y la acción de la gracia divina. Un tema central es la muerte e inmortalidad, con la luz como símbolo de la creación divina. También es posible detectar las actitudes de Tolkien hacia la misericordia y la piedad, la resurrección, la eucaristía, la salvación, el arrepentimiento, el autosacrificio, el libre albedrío, la justicia, el compañerismo, la autoridad y la curación. La divina providencia aparece indirectamente como la voluntad de los valar —ciertos seres angelicales en las obras de Tolkien—, expresada con la suficiente sutileza para evitar interferir con el libre albedrío de las personas. Se observan además representaciones de personas y temas propios del cristianismo, como la Virgen María, la caída del hombre y la naturaleza del mal, e incluso se mencionan explícitamente fechas que están tradicionalmente ligadas a sucesos muy importantes en el cristianismo. Y aunque Tolkien consideraba la obra como un relato de eventos ocurridos en una época precristiana, los héroes se comportan como cristianos y tienen actitudes positivas hacia la esperanza, la redención y la oración, entre ellas la mención literal de que el suicidio es un acto pagano. No hay una personificación de Cristo comparable al personaje Aslan de Las Crónicas de Narnia. Sin embargo, existen reflejos de personificaciones de Cristo en Gandalf, Frodo y Aragorn, quienes simbolizan el de profeta, sacerdote y rey, respectivamente. (es)
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- Christianity is a central theme in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional works about Middle-earth, but always a hidden one. This allows the book to be read at different levels, and its meaning to be applied by the reader, rather than forcing a single meaning on the reader. There is no single Christ-figure comparable to C. S. Lewis's Aslan in his Narnia books, but the characters of Gandalf, Frodo, and Aragorn exemplify the threefold office, the prophetic, priestly, and kingly aspects of Christ respectively. (en)
- El cristianismo es un tema central en las obras ficticias de J. R. R. Tolkien sobre la Tierra Media, pero siempre oculto, lo que permite que sus obras se lean en diferentes niveles y que su significado sea descubierto por el lector en vez de presentarle un sentido único. No hay una personificación de Cristo comparable al personaje Aslan de Las Crónicas de Narnia. Sin embargo, existen reflejos de personificaciones de Cristo en Gandalf, Frodo y Aragorn, quienes simbolizan el de profeta, sacerdote y rey, respectivamente. (es)
- Cristianismo en la Tierra Media (es)
- Christianity in Middle-earth (en)
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