| dbo:abstract |
استخدمت القوات المسلحة للعديد من الدول، في وقت ما أو آخر، متطوعين أجانب بدوافع سياسية أو إيديولوجية أو اعتبارات أخرى للانضمام إلى جيش أجنبي. يمكن تشكيلها في وحدات من جنسية معينة أو يمكن تشكيلها في وحدات أجنبية مختلطة الجنسية. في بعض الأحيان كان المتطوعون الأجانب مدمجين في وحدات عادية. لهذه الممارسة تاريخ طويل، يعود تاريخها إلى ما لا يقل عن تاريخ الإمبراطورية الرومانية، التي جندت غير المواطنين في قوات احتياط حيث وعدوهم بتلقي الجنسية الرومانية لأنفسهم وذريتهم في نهاية خدمتهم. (ar) Les forces armées de nombreux pays ont, à un moment ou à un autre, fait appel à des volontaires étrangers motivés par des considérations politiques, idéologiques ou autres pour rejoindre une armée étrangère. Ceux-ci peuvent être constitués en unités d'une nationalité donnée ou en unités étrangères de nationalité mixte. Parfois, des volontaires étrangers étaient ou sont incorporés dans des unités ordinaires. Cette pratique est très ancienne, remontant au moins à l'Empire romain, qui recrutait des non-citoyens dans des unités auxiliaires sur la promesse qu'ils recevraient la citoyenneté romaine pour eux-mêmes et leurs descendants à la fin de leur service. La frontière avec le mercenariat est parfois ténue. La différence la plus fréquemment retenue est que le mercenaire combat essentiellement pour de l'argent. (fr) The armed forces of many nations have, at one time or another, used foreign volunteers who are motivated by political, ideological or other considerations to join a foreign army. These may be formed into units of a given nationality or may be formed into mixed nationality foreign units. Sometimes foreign volunteers were or are incorporated into ordinary units. The practice has a long history, dating back at least as far as the Roman Empire, which recruited non-citizens into Auxiliary units on the promise of them receiving Roman citizenship for themselves and their descendants at the end of their service. (en) Una legione straniera è un corpo militare composto in gran parte da stranieri che non sono di norma sudditi del re o cittadini della nazione. Poiché i suoi componenti sono sempre in servizio, non ha la stessa struttura di un reggimento. La locuzione legione straniera fa in genere riferimento alla più famosa Legione straniera francese. (it) Oorlogsvrijwilligers in buitenlandse dienst zijn onderdanen van een land die vrijwillig gaan vechten in het leger van een buitenlandse mogendheid zonder de steun van het eigen land. Hun vrijwilligerschap gaat dus niet uit van het land waarvan ze de nationaliteit bezitten en vindt plaats op vreemd grondgebied. Ze zijn te onderscheiden van huurlingen die essentieel voor het geld vechten. (nl) En främlingslegion är ett militärt förband med soldater värvade från andra länder än det egna. Exempel är Franska främlingslegionen och den mindre kända Spanska främlingslegionen som inte rekryterade utlänningar mellan 1987 och 2000. En främlingssoldat är inte detsamma som en legosoldat eller frivilligsoldat. Dessa typer av soldater är, till skillnad från främlingssoldaterna, inte medlemmar i det stridande landets reguljära styrkor. (sv) |
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استخدمت القوات المسلحة للعديد من الدول، في وقت ما أو آخر، متطوعين أجانب بدوافع سياسية أو إيديولوجية أو اعتبارات أخرى للانضمام إلى جيش أجنبي. يمكن تشكيلها في وحدات من جنسية معينة أو يمكن تشكيلها في وحدات أجنبية مختلطة الجنسية. في بعض الأحيان كان المتطوعون الأجانب مدمجين في وحدات عادية. لهذه الممارسة تاريخ طويل، يعود تاريخها إلى ما لا يقل عن تاريخ الإمبراطورية الرومانية، التي جندت غير المواطنين في قوات احتياط حيث وعدوهم بتلقي الجنسية الرومانية لأنفسهم وذريتهم في نهاية خدمتهم. (ar) The armed forces of many nations have, at one time or another, used foreign volunteers who are motivated by political, ideological or other considerations to join a foreign army. These may be formed into units of a given nationality or may be formed into mixed nationality foreign units. Sometimes foreign volunteers were or are incorporated into ordinary units. The practice has a long history, dating back at least as far as the Roman Empire, which recruited non-citizens into Auxiliary units on the promise of them receiving Roman citizenship for themselves and their descendants at the end of their service. (en) Una legione straniera è un corpo militare composto in gran parte da stranieri che non sono di norma sudditi del re o cittadini della nazione. Poiché i suoi componenti sono sempre in servizio, non ha la stessa struttura di un reggimento. La locuzione legione straniera fa in genere riferimento alla più famosa Legione straniera francese. (it) Oorlogsvrijwilligers in buitenlandse dienst zijn onderdanen van een land die vrijwillig gaan vechten in het leger van een buitenlandse mogendheid zonder de steun van het eigen land. Hun vrijwilligerschap gaat dus niet uit van het land waarvan ze de nationaliteit bezitten en vindt plaats op vreemd grondgebied. Ze zijn te onderscheiden van huurlingen die essentieel voor het geld vechten. (nl) En främlingslegion är ett militärt förband med soldater värvade från andra länder än det egna. Exempel är Franska främlingslegionen och den mindre kända Spanska främlingslegionen som inte rekryterade utlänningar mellan 1987 och 2000. En främlingssoldat är inte detsamma som en legosoldat eller frivilligsoldat. Dessa typer av soldater är, till skillnad från främlingssoldaterna, inte medlemmar i det stridande landets reguljära styrkor. (sv) Les forces armées de nombreux pays ont, à un moment ou à un autre, fait appel à des volontaires étrangers motivés par des considérations politiques, idéologiques ou autres pour rejoindre une armée étrangère. Ceux-ci peuvent être constitués en unités d'une nationalité donnée ou en unités étrangères de nationalité mixte. Parfois, des volontaires étrangers étaient ou sont incorporés dans des unités ordinaires. Cette pratique est très ancienne, remontant au moins à l'Empire romain, qui recrutait des non-citoyens dans des unités auxiliaires sur la promesse qu'ils recevraient la citoyenneté romaine pour eux-mêmes et leurs descendants à la fin de leur service. (fr) |
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