Assizes (original) (raw)

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Assize es una voz inglesa que representa el documento legislativo originado a partir de la Curia regis, que, en 1179, sustrajo a la justicia feudal de gran parte de sus prerrogativas. En Inglaterra dio a conocer el éxito de las reglas del derecho no escrito, sancionadas por la costumbre y la jurisprudencia de los tribunales (common law).

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dbo:abstract The courts of assize, or assizes (/əˈsaɪzɪz/), were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes exercised both civil and criminal jurisdiction, though most of their work was on the criminal side. The assizes heard the most serious cases, which were committed to it by the quarter sessions (local county courts held four times per year), while the more minor offences were dealt with summarily by justices of the peace in petty sessions (also known as magistrates' courts). The word assize refers to the sittings or sessions (Old French assises) of the judges, known as "justices of assize", who were judges who travelled across the seven circuits of England and Wales on commissions of "oyer and terminer", setting up court and summoning juries at the various assize towns. (en) Assize es una voz inglesa que representa el documento legislativo originado a partir de la Curia regis, que, en 1179, sustrajo a la justicia feudal de gran parte de sus prerrogativas. En Inglaterra dio a conocer el éxito de las reglas del derecho no escrito, sancionadas por la costumbre y la jurisprudencia de los tribunales (common law). (es) Les Assizes ou Courts of Assize étaient des cours criminelles tenues périodiquement en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles jusqu'en 1972. Elles furent abolies avec les par le et remplacées par une seule, et permanente, (littéralement, « Cour de la Couronne »). Les Assizes entendaient les cas les plus sérieux, référés par les Quarter Sessions (des cours de comtés tenues quatre fois par année), alors que les offenses mineures étaient entendues par les Justices of the Peace lors de courtes sessions. (fr) 아사이즈(assize)는 순회재판이란 의미이며 어사이즈 재판, 어사이즈 배심등을 지칭할 때 쓰이는 말이다. 1215년 대헌장의 규정에 따라 7년을 주기로 하는 지방순회재판의 지연을 해소하고자 각 지방의 법관이 매년 일정소송을 심리하도록 하였다. 그 후 각지방에서 정기적으로 순회재판이 개정되었다. (ko) Ассизы (позднелат. assisae — заседания) — собрание, заседание суда. (ru) Асизи (англ. Assizes — у середньовічній Англії — назва деяких актів короля, а також назва особливих видів позовів, виїзних сесій судів. Виїзні сесії в Англії та Уельсі скасовані Законом про суди 1971 року й замінені одним постійним Королівським судом. В Англії ще з XII століття назва assisa або assisia давалося суду, в якому вирішувалися справи не поєдинком, як це допускалося з часу завоювання Англії норманами і в цивільних процесах, а на підставі сумлінного дослідження істини. У цьому судочинстві, особливо при розгляді спірних земельних питань, запрошувалися в якості свідків і суддів до подачі під присягою свого голосу 12 осіб сусідів, яким було відомо про справу. З XIII століття «суд Божий» в кримінальних процесах замінили вироком зборів народних суддів. Відтоді назва асизів стали давати судам присяжних і їх судочинствам не тільки в Англії, але також у Франції та в тих країнах, які ввели у себе судовий устрій, подібний французькому. Більш докладні відомості про Асизи як про явища, що передували нинішньому суду присяжних, містяться в творах Бінера "Das engl. Geschworenengericht" (3 т., Лейпциг, 1852-55) і Бруннера «Die Entstehung der Schwurgerichte» (Берлін, 1872). Про нинішній устрій асизів взагалі — див. Суд присяжних. Вираз assisa, цілком ймовірно, походить від англосаксонського asetniss. У сучасній Англії Асизи — виїзні сесії Суду королівської лави. У тому ж значенні, як виїзний суд, який би розглядав справи за участю присяжних, термін «Асизи» вживається і в сучасній Франції. Національний архів зберігає більшість збережених історичних записів присяжних. (uk)
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rdfs:comment Assize es una voz inglesa que representa el documento legislativo originado a partir de la Curia regis, que, en 1179, sustrajo a la justicia feudal de gran parte de sus prerrogativas. En Inglaterra dio a conocer el éxito de las reglas del derecho no escrito, sancionadas por la costumbre y la jurisprudencia de los tribunales (common law). (es) Les Assizes ou Courts of Assize étaient des cours criminelles tenues périodiquement en Angleterre et au Pays de Galles jusqu'en 1972. Elles furent abolies avec les par le et remplacées par une seule, et permanente, (littéralement, « Cour de la Couronne »). Les Assizes entendaient les cas les plus sérieux, référés par les Quarter Sessions (des cours de comtés tenues quatre fois par année), alors que les offenses mineures étaient entendues par les Justices of the Peace lors de courtes sessions. (fr) 아사이즈(assize)는 순회재판이란 의미이며 어사이즈 재판, 어사이즈 배심등을 지칭할 때 쓰이는 말이다. 1215년 대헌장의 규정에 따라 7년을 주기로 하는 지방순회재판의 지연을 해소하고자 각 지방의 법관이 매년 일정소송을 심리하도록 하였다. 그 후 각지방에서 정기적으로 순회재판이 개정되었다. (ko) Ассизы (позднелат. assisae — заседания) — собрание, заседание суда. (ru) The courts of assize, or assizes (/əˈsaɪzɪz/), were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes exercised both civil and criminal jurisdiction, though most of their work was on the criminal side. The assizes heard the most serious cases, which were committed to it by the quarter sessions (local county courts held four times per year), while the more minor offences were dealt with summarily by justices of the peace in petty sessions (also known as magistrates' courts). (en) Асизи (англ. Assizes — у середньовічній Англії — назва деяких актів короля, а також назва особливих видів позовів, виїзних сесій судів. Виїзні сесії в Англії та Уельсі скасовані Законом про суди 1971 року й замінені одним постійним Королівським судом. У сучасній Англії Асизи — виїзні сесії Суду королівської лави. У тому ж значенні, як виїзний суд, який би розглядав справи за участю присяжних, термін «Асизи» вживається і в сучасній Франції. Національний архів зберігає більшість збережених історичних записів присяжних. (uk)
rdfs:label Assizes (en) Assize (es) Assizes (fr) 어사이즈 (ko) Ассизы (ru) Асизи (uk)
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