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Thomas Jonathan Jackson, conegut com a "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg, Virgínia de l'Oest, 1824 - , Virgínia 1863), militar sudista. Graduat a l'Acadèmia Militar dels Estats Units, era un devot presbiterià; fou un heroi a la Guerra amb Mèxic del 1846-1848 i hi assolí el grau de general. Es distingí a la Guerra Civil dels Estats Units, en la qual fou un dels principals generals confederats. Va ser vencedor de la primera i segona batalla de Bull Run i contribuí a guanyar la batalla de Fredericksburg (1862). Va morir accidentalment a la batalla de Chancellorsville. La seva mort fou un cop molt dur per als Confederats.

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dbo:abstract Thomas Jonathan Jackson, conegut com a "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg, Virgínia de l'Oest, 1824 - , Virgínia 1863), militar sudista. Graduat a l'Acadèmia Militar dels Estats Units, era un devot presbiterià; fou un heroi a la Guerra amb Mèxic del 1846-1848 i hi assolí el grau de general. Es distingí a la Guerra Civil dels Estats Units, en la qual fou un dels principals generals confederats. Va ser vencedor de la primera i segona batalla de Bull Run i contribuí a guanyar la batalla de Fredericksburg (1862). Va morir accidentalment a la batalla de Chancellorsville. La seva mort fou un cop molt dur per als Confederats. (ca) توماس جوناثان «ستونوول» جاكسون (بالإنجليزية: Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson)‏ (مواليد 21 يناير 1824 - 10 مايو 1863) خدم كجنرال كونفدرالي (1861-1863) خلال الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية، وأصبح واحدًا من أشهر قادة الكونفدرالية بعد الجنرال روبرت إي لي. لعب جاكسون دورًا مهمًا في معظم المعارك العسكرية في المسرح الشرقي للحرب حتى وفاته، وكان له الفضل في الانتصار في الكثير من المعارك المهمة. وُلد جاكسون في منطقة من مناطق ولاية فرجينيا آنذاك (وهي اليوم جزء من ولاية فرجينيا الغربية)، وتلقى أمر تعيينه في الأكاديمية العسكرية للولايات المتحدة في ويست بوينت، وخدم في الجيش الأمريكي خلال الحرب المكسيكية الأمريكية في 1846-1848 وبرز في معركة تشابولتيبيك (1847). من 1851 إلى 1863، عمل في التدريس في معهد فرجينيا العسكري، حيث لم يكن يحظى بشعبية بين طلابه. خلال هذا الفترة تزوج مرتين. توفيت زوجته الأولى أثناء الولادة، لكن زوجته الثانية، ماري آنا موريسون، عاشت حتى عام 1915. حين انفصلت فرجينيا عن الاتحاد في مايو 1861 بعد الهجوم على حصن سمتر (12 أبريل 1861)، انضم جاكسون إلى الجيش الكونفدرالي. تميّز بقيادته لفرقة في معركة بول رن الأولى (21 يوليو 1861) في الشهر التالي، إذ وفر تعزيزات حاسمة ودحر هجومًا عنيفًا على الاتحاد. وبسبب ذلك، شبهه بارنارد إليوت بي جونيور بـ«الجدار الحجري» stone wall، ومن هنا جاء لقبه الذي لازمه دائمًا. قدم جاكسون أداءً جيدًا في الحملات التي جرت في وادي شيناندواه خلال عام 1862. وعلى الرغم من الهزيمة الأولية التي كان سببها يعود إلى حد كبير للمعلومات الاستخباراتية المضللة، تمكن من خلال المناورات السريعة والحذرة من هزيمة ثلاثة جيوش منفصلة تابعة للاتحاد ومنع أي منهم من دعم جيش بوتوماك بقيادة الجنرال جورج بي. ماكليلان في حملته ضد ريتشموند. ثم انتقل جاكسون بسرعة إلى فرقه الثلاث لدعم جيش فرجينيا الشمالية بقيادة الجنرال لي للدفاع عن ريتشموند. وكان أداؤه سيئًا في معارك الأيام السبعة التالية (يونيو - يوليو 1862) ضد جيش بوتوماك بقيادة جورج بي. ماكليلان، لكن ذلك لم يمنع انتصار الكونفدرالية في المعارك. أثناء حملة فرجينيا الشمالية في ذلك الصيف، استولت قوات جاكسون على مستودع إمدادات مهم لجيش فرجينيا بقيادة الجنرال جون بوب، وقاومت بعد ذلك الهجمات المتكررة لقوات بوب في معركة بول رن الثانية في أغسطس عام 1862. لعبت قوات جاكسون دورًا رئيسيًا في حملة ماريلاند في سبتمبر، إذ استولت على مدينة هاربرز فيري، وهي موقع استراتيجي، ووفرت دفاعًا لميسرة الجيش الكونفدرالي في معركة أنتيتام في 17 سبتمبر، 1862. وفي معركة فريدريكسبيرج في ديسمبر، هزمت قوات جاكسون، لكنها في النهاية ردت هجومًا من قبل جيش الاتحاد تحت قيادة اللواء أمبروز برنسايد. في أواخر أبريل وأوائل مايو 1863، في مواجهة جيش اتحاد أكبر بقيادة جوزيف هوكر في شنسلورسفيل، قسّم ليي قواته إلى ثلاث طرق. وفي الثاني من مايو، قاد جاكسون قواته التي تبلغ 30 ألف جندي وشن هجومًا مفاجئًا على الجناح الأيمن لجيش الاتحاد، ما أدى لتقهقر القوات المعادية لمسافة ميلين تقريبًا. في ذلك المساء أصيب جاكسون بعيار ناري أطلقه خفير من الجيش الكونفدرالي عن طريق الخطأ. نجا الجنرال من تلك الإصابة ولكنه فقد ذراعه اليسرى بسبب البتر؛ ضعف جسده جراء جراحه وتوفي بالتهاب رئوي بعد ثمانية أيام. يعتبر المؤرخون العسكريون جاكسون واحدًا من أكثر القادة التكتيكيين الموهوبين في تاريخ الولايات المتحدة. حتى أن أساليبه التكتيكية مازالت تُدرس حتى اليوم. كانت وفاته نكسة شديدة للكونفدرالية، إذ لم يكن أثرها محصورًا بالأفق العسكري فحسب، بل طال معنويات الجيش والعامة. بعد وفاة جاكسون، اتخذت مآثره العسكرية صفات أسطورية، وأصبحت عنصرًا مهمًا في أيديولوجية «القضية الخاسرة». (ar) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (21. ledna 1824 – 10. května 1863), řečený Stonewall („Kamenná zeď“), byl americký generál a učitel. Je považován za jednoho z nejlepších polních velitelů Americké občanské války. Vyznamenal se zejména v (květen–červen 1862), v nichž přinutil k ústupu téměř čtyřikrát silnější jednotky Unie. Poté se podílel na zatlačení od Richmondu (či spíše na jeho dobrovolném ústupu). Po skončení této vojenské operace sloužil jako pravá ruka generála Leeho. Vrchol jeho kariéry představuje bitva u Chancellorsville (27. dubna – 6. května 1863), v níž společně s Leem připravili navzdory takřka beznadějné výchozí situaci těžkou porážku početně výrazně silnějším jednotkám generála . Tento jeho úspěch byl však zároveň i úspěchem posledním – ve zmatku noční bitvy si jeho vlastní vojáci spletli Jacksonův štáb s nepřátelskou jízdou a zahájili na něj palbu. Jackson utrpěl zranění obou rukou a jeho levačka musela být amputována. Během léčení dostal zápal plic, jemuž o sedm dní později podlehl. Jeho zranění navíc zachránilo vojska Unie před naprostým zničením, neboť s ním byli smrtelně zraněni nebo padli i všichni vysocí důstojníci jeho štábu, což vedlo k obrovskému zmatku, díky němuž jeho muži nedokázali dokončit včas obkličovací manévr a velká část Hookerova vojska tak stihla uprchnout.[zdroj?] Jacksonova smrt byla pro Konfederaci ranou, z níž se její armáda jen těžce vzpamatovávala. (cs) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (genannt „Stonewall“; * 21. Januar 1824 in Clarksburg, Virginia (heute West Virginia); † 10. Mai 1863 in , Spotsylvania County, Virginia) war Major des US-Heeres, Lehrer am Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in Lexington, Virginia, und General im Heer der Konföderierten Staaten von Amerika im Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg. Bekannt ist er vor allem durch den erfolgreichen Shenandoah-Feldzug und den Flankenangriff bei Chancellorsville, die ihm den Ruf einbrachten, „General Robert E. Lees fähigster Untergebener“ zu sein. (de) Ο Τόμας Τζόναθαν Τζάκσον (Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 21 Ιανουαρίου 1824 – 10 Μαΐου 1863), γνωστότερος ως Στόουνγουολ Τζάκσον ("Stonewall" Jackson), ήταν ένας από τους σπουδαιότερους και πιο ηρωικούς στρατηγούς των Νοτίων στον Αμερικανικό Εμφύλιο Πόλεμο. (el) Thomas Jonathan JACKSON (kromnomita Stonewall (ŝtonmuro) Jackson) (21-an de januaro 1824, , Virĝinio, Usono – 10-an de majo 1863, , Virĝinio) estis generalo de la Konfederaciitaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko en la Usona Enlanda Milito. Li estis unu el la plej spertaj, lertaj militfakuloj de la suda Konfederacio. Li akiris la kromnomon pro elteno en la unua kiam Generalo ekkris "Tie estas Jackson starada kiel ŝtona muro! Ni determinu ĉi tie morti kaj ni konkeros! Sekvu min!" Ekzistas granda debato ĉu la deklaro de Bee estis komplimento aŭ insulto. Li fruaĝe orfiĝis, lin prizorgis parencoj. Li studis ekde 1842 en la Militista Akademio West Point, Usono. Post la finstudo, li ekservis kiel subleŭtenanto ĉe la artilerio kaj li partoprenis baldaŭ en la Meksik-Usona Milito. Li konatiĝis tie kun generalo Robert E. Lee, pli posta estro de la Konfederacia Armeo. Li elstaris en la milito per sia kapablo, elteno, kuraĝo. Fine de la milito, li servis en fortikaĵo de Meksikurbo. Post tio li malsoldatiĝis kaj instruis artilerian militadon kaj naturfilozofion en la Virĝinia Militista Altlernejo. (eo) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson , estatubatuar militar bat izan zen, AEBetako Gerra Zibilan Armada Konfederatuaren jenerala izan zen (1861-1863). Ekialdeko Frontean ezinbesteko papera izan zuen, hainbat gudutan konfederatuen garaipena lortzearen arduradun, horregatik ziur aski Robert E. Lee jeneralaren ondoren konfederatuen artean estima eta ospe gehien zuen ofiziala zen. Bere ospea Manassasko lehen guduan bereganatu zuen, baita "Stonewall" ("Harrizko Horma") ezizena ere. Zoritxarrez, konfederatuentzat, 1863an jasotako zaurien ondorioz hil zen, horrek konfederatuek gerra irabazteko aukera ugari murriztu zituen, Armada Konfederatuaren militar eskarmentudun eta eraginkorrenetakoa izateaz gain, bere soldaduak nonnahi jarraitzeko ahalmena eta karisma handia baitzuen. Gazterik, 39 urterekin hil zen, horrek bere mitifikazioari mesede egin zion. * Datuak: Q216124 * Multimedia: Stonewall Jackson (eu) Para otros usos de Stonewall Jackson véase Stonewall Jackson (cantante) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg, Virginia, 21 de enero de 1824 - Guinea Station, Virginia, 10 de mayo de 1863) fue uno de los más conocidos y exitosos generales confederados durante la Guerra de Secesión. (es) Ba Meiriceánach é Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (21 Eanáir 1824 – 10 Bealtaine 1863). I gClarksburg, Virginia (Virginia Thiar inniu) a saolaíodh é. Ceannaire tábhachtach ar thaobh na Cónaidhme i gCogadh Cathartha na Stát Aontaithe a bhí ann. Lámhachadh é de thimpiste le linn Chath Chancellorsville. Téascadh géag leis dá bharr. Mhair sé roinnt míonna ina dhiaidh sin ach sa deireadh fuair sé bás mar gheall ar fho-iarmhairt niúmóine. Buille mór do chúis an Deiscirt sa chogadh úd é sin. (ga) Thomas Jonathan Jackson dit Stonewall Jackson, né le 21 janvier 1824 à Clarksburg et mort le 10 mai 1863 à , est un général des États confédérés d'Amérique durant la guerre de Sécession. Après ses nombreux succès au début de la guerre civile malgré une large infériorité numérique, Robert E. Lee lui fit confiance et lui donna un corps d'armée. Sa mort à la suite de la bataille de Chancellorsville marqua les forces sudistes, qui le considéraient comme un des meilleurs généraux des États Confédérés d'Amérique. (fr) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21, 1824 – May 10, 1863) was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and became one of the best-known Confederate commanders, after Robert E. Lee. He played a prominent role in nearly all military engagements in the Eastern Theater of the war until his death, and had a key part in winning many significant battles. Military historians regard him as one of the most gifted tactical commanders in U.S. history. Born in what was then part of Virginia (now in West Virginia), Jackson received an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point and graduated in the class of 1846. He served in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War of 1846–1848 and distinguished himself at Chapultepec. From 1851 to 1861, he taught at the Virginia Military Institute, where he was unpopular with his students. When Virginia seceded from the Union in May 1861 after the attack on Fort Sumter, Jackson joined the Confederate Army. He distinguished himself commanding a brigade at the First Battle of Bull Run in July, providing crucial reinforcements and beating back a fierce Union assault. Thus Barnard Elliott Bee Jr. compared him to a "stone wall", which became his enduring nickname. He performed exceptionally well in the campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley in 1862. Despite an initial defeat due largely to faulty intelligence, through swift and careful maneuvers Jackson was able to defeat three separate Union armies and prevent them from reinforcing General George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac in its campaign against Richmond. Jackson then quickly moved his three divisions to reinforce General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia in defense of Richmond. He performed poorly in the Seven Days Battles against McClellan's Army of the Potomac, as he was frequently late arriving on the field. During the Northern Virginia Campaign that summer, Jackson's troops captured and destroyed an important supply depot for General John Pope's Army of Virginia, and then withstood repeated assaults from Pope's troops at the Second Battle of Bull Run. Jackson's troops played a prominent role in September's Maryland Campaign, capturing the town of Harpers Ferry, a strategic location, and providing a defense of the Confederate Army's left at Antietam. At Fredericksburg in December, Jackson's corps buckled, but ultimately beat back an assault by the Union Army under Major General Ambrose Burnside. In late April and early May 1863, faced with a larger Union army now commanded by Joseph Hooker at Chancellorsville, Lee divided his force into three parts. On May 2, Jackson launched a surprise attack against the Union right flank, driving the opposing troops back about two miles. That evening, he was accidentally shot by Confederate pickets. He lost his left arm to amputation; weakened by his wounds, he died of pneumonia eight days later. His death proved a severe setback for the Confederacy, affecting not only its military prospects, but also the morale of its army and the general public. After Jackson's death, his military exploits developed a legendary quality, becoming an important element of the ideology of the "Lost Cause". (en) Thomas Jonathan «Stonewall» Jackson (21 Januari 1824 – 10 Mei 1863) adalah jenderal Negara Konfederasi Amerika selama Perang Saudara Amerika antara tahun 1861-1863. Ia paling diingat atas dan , sehingga dari sini ia mendapatkan nama julukan "Stonewall" (Dinding Batu). Meskipun demikian, ia tak selalu sukses sebagai komandan, misalnya dalam di Richmond. Ia terluka secara tidak sengaja oleh anak buahnya sendiri dalam Pertempuran Chancellorsville pada tahun 1863. Ia meninggal akibat komplikasi pneumonia 8 hari kemudian. Kematiannya menjadi titik balik parah untuk Konfederasi, karena tak hanya memengaruhi prospek militernya, tetapi juga moril pasukannya dan juga khayalak ramai. Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: Stonewall Jackson * l * b * s (in) 토머스 조너선 잭슨(Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 1824년 1월 20일 혹은 21일 ~ 1863년 5월 10일)은 미국 남북 전쟁 시대의 남부 연합의 군인이자 장군이다. 미국의 역사를 대표하는 용장 중 한 명이며 그가 치른 눈부신 전투로 인해 돌담벼락 잭슨(Stonewall Jackson 스톤월 잭슨[*])이라고 불렸다. 로버트 리 장군의 심복으로 북군을 괴롭혔으나, 챈슬러즈빌 전투 이후 사망하였다. (ko) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg (West Virginia), 21 januari 1824 – (Virginia), 10 mei 1863) was een Zuidelijke generaal tijdens de Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog en een van de bekendste na Robert E. Lee. Zijn veldtocht in de Shenandoahvallei in 1862 en zijn leiderschap van het van het Army of Northern Virginia brachten hem grote bekendheid. Op 2 mei 1863 werd hij per ongeluk beschoten door eigen wachtposten nabij Chancellorsville. Hij overleefde de schotwonden nadat ze zijn arm hadden geamputeerd. Hij overleed echter acht dagen later ten gevolge van complicaties van een longontsteking. Zijn dood was een ernstige slag voor het Zuiden. Het had zijn weerslag op het moreel van het leger en de publieke opinie. Militaire historici beschouwen Jackson als een van de meest getalenteerde tactische bevelhebbers van de Amerikaanse geschiedenis. Zijn veldtocht in de Shenandoahvallei en de omsingeling van de vijandelijke rechtervleugel bij Chancellorsville worden tot op de dag van vandaag nog altijd bestudeerd en getuigen van innovatie en gedurfd leiderschap. In de Eerste Slag bij Bull Run kreeg hij zijn bijnaam "Stonewall". Ook tijdens de Tweede Slag bij Bull Run en de Slag bij Fredericksburg heeft hij een doorslaggevende rol gespeeld. Jackson had ook mindere tijden zoals de Zevendagenslag in 1862 aantoont. (nl) トーマス・ジョナサン・ジャクソン（Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 1824年1月20日または21日 - 1863年5月10日）は、南北戦争時代のアメリカ連合国（南部連合）の軍人。アメリカ合衆国の歴史を代表する勇将の1人。その戦いぶりからストーンウォール・ジャクソン（Stonewall Jackson）と渾名された。ロバート・E・リーの片腕として合衆国軍（北軍）を苦しめたが、チャンセラーズヴィルの戦いで戦死した。 (ja) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (Clarksburg, 21 gennaio 1824 – , 10 maggio 1863) è stato un generale statunitense. Ufficiale nell'US Army divenne tenente generale nell'esercito degli Stati Confederati durante la guerra di secessione. Fu soprannominato Stonewall ("Muro di pietra") per aver resistito con grande determinazione il 21 luglio 1861 all'avanzata unionista, in una fase della prima battaglia di Bull Run nel corso della guerra di secessione. Jackson è spesso considerato uno dei comandanti più dotati dell'intera storia militare statunitense e la sua caduta in combattimento costituì un durissimo colpo per il destino della Confederazione. Il soprannome gli fu dato da un suo sottoposto, il brigadier generale Barnard Elliott Bee, Jr. che, qualche ora prima di morire sul campo, commentò la copertura impavida assicurata alle sue truppe in ritirata dal suo superiore esclamando che egli stava resistendo «come un bastione di pietra». Che quel materiale non fosse servito solo a un "muro" del tutto simbolico è dimostrato dal fatto che i combattimenti in quella giornata infuriarono intorno a una casa di pietra, sulla Henry House Hill, dalla quale l'artiglieria poté colpire le posizioni unioniste e che pertanto ebbe una notevole rilevanza tattica. (it) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (21 de janeiro de 1824 – 10 de maio de 1863) foi um militar americano, mais conhecido como um dos principais oficiais das forças armadas dos Estados Confederados da América durante a Guerra da Secessão e um dos colaboradores mais próximos do general Robert E. Lee. Sua carreira militar data de 1849, onde se destacou por seu pragmatismo e proeza tática. Durante a guerra civil americana, participou de quase todos os importantes combates iniciais no Teatro Oriental de operações, de 1861 até sua morte em 1863. Diferente de outros generais confederados de origem aristocrática, Jackson nasceu em família trabalhadora, no estado da Virgínia (atualmente sua cidade natal está localizada na Virgínia Ocidental). Em 1842, foi apontado para a Academia Militar dos Estados Unidos em West Point, se formando quatro anos depois. Ele serviu no exército americano durante a Guerra Mexicano-Americana (de 1846–1848), se destacando em combate como na Batalha de Chapultepec. De 1851 a 1861, ele lecionou no Instituto Militar da Virgínia, onde não era muito popular entre os estudantes. Nesse meio tempo, ele se casou duas vezes. Sua primeira mulher morreu dando a luz, mas sua segunda esposa, Mary Anna Morrison, viveu até 1915. Pessoalmente, Jackson era um devoto cristão e tinha uma posição ambígua com relação a escravidão no país. Sendo ele mesmo dono de escravos, sua esposa afirmava que ele era "justo mas duro" com seus servos. Apesar de mostrar, em diferentes ocasiões, oposição a instituição, sua visão cristã era que a escravidão era sancionada por Deus e portanto não cabia a ele questiona-la. Quando o seu estado natal da Virgínia declarou que estava se separando da União, em maio de 1861, após os Confederados terem atacado o Forte Sumter, Jackson renunciou sua comissão no exército federal e se alistou no exército confederado. Ele se distinguiu em batalha comandando sua na Primeira Batalha de Bull Run, em julho, manobrando seus homens com a batalha em andamento e repelindo um feroz ataque das forças da União. Neste contexto, o general o comparou com uma "muralha de pedra" (stone wall), que se tornou seu apelido. Jackson conduziu uma campanha bem sucedida contra tropas federais muito mais numerosas na região do Vale do Shenandoah, entre março e junho de 1862. Apesar de ter sido derrotado na , muito devido a problemas de coleta de inteligência, Jackson conduziu sua brigada, agindo com agressividade que se tornou característica dele, para derrotar três exércitos da União separados que impediu que o Exército do Potomac, do general unionista George B. McClellan, recebesse importantes reforços na sua campanha para tentar tomar Richmond, a capital confederada. Jackson então moveu suas tropas para apoiar o Exército da Virgínia do Norte, que era comandado pelo general Lee. Sua performance não foi muito boa na Batalha dos Sete Dias, onde normalmente se atrasava para as lutas. Durante a Campanha do Norte da Virgínia naquele verão, os soldados de Jackson capturaram e destruíram vários depósitos de suprimentos do General John Pope, resistindo em seguida aos contra-ataque federais na Segunda Batalha de Bull Run. Alguns dias depois, teve um papel proeminente na Campanha de Maryland, onde capturou a cidade de Harpers Ferry (setembro de 1862), uma localização estratégica, proporcionando uma posição defensiva no flanco esquerdo do exército confederado em Antietam. Três meses depois, em dezembro, suas forças lutaram na Batalha de Fredericksburg, onde suas linhas de defesa quase cederam mas no final não quebraram sob pesados ataques das tropas da União comandadas pelo major-general Ambrose Burnside. Entre abril e maio de 1863, Jackson liderou o ataque contra as tropas muito mais numerosas do general Joseph Hooker na Batalha de Chancellorsville. Lee havia dividido suas forças em três colunas, sendo que Jackson ficou na vanguarda com 30 000 soldados em um ataque surpresa contra o flanco direito da União, forçando-os a recuar mais de 3 km de suas posições originais. Porém, apesar do sucesso inicial, na noite de 2 de maio, enquanto inspecionava as linhas de frente, acabou sendo alvejado por fogo amigo. Socorrido as pressas, o general teve seu braço amputado e continuou a piorar naquela semana. Com a saúde debilitada, morreu de pneumonia oito dias mais tarde. Historiadores militares consideram Stonewall Jackson como um dos comandantes táticos mais habilidosos da história militar dos Estados Unidos. Suas táticas e manobras são estudadas em academias militares até os dias de hoje. Sua morte foi um grande revés para a Confederação, com a perda de um dos seus melhores generais, afetando não somente os prospectos militares, mas também a moral do exército e da população em geral. Após sua morte, suas façanhas militares ganharam status legendários, se tornando um importante elemento da teoria da Lost Cause ("Causa Perdida") da Confederação. (pt) Thomas Jonathan Jackson, pseud. „Stonewall” (ur. 21 stycznia 1824 w Clarksburgu, zm. 10 maja 1863 w Guinea Station) – konfederacki generał; brał udział w wojnie secesyjnej; prawdopodobnie najbardziej znany dowódca Południa, po generale Robercie E. Lee. Brał udział w kampanii w dolinie Shenandoah jako dowódca korpusu Armii Północnej Wirginii w 1862. Został postrzelony przypadkowo przez własnych ludzi pod Chancellorsville – przeżył, lecz amputowano mu rękę. Zmarł na zapalenie płuc osiem dni później. Jego śmierć była ciosem dla dowództwa Konfederacji, wpływając nie tylko na efektywność strategiczną, ale i morale zarówno wojsk, jak i ludności cywilnej. Historycy wojskowi uważają Jacksona za jednego z bardziej uzdolnionych przywódców w historii USA. Jego działania podczas kampanii w dolinie Shenandoah oraz działania prowadzące do zwyciężenia zaskoczonej armii federalnej pod Chancellorsville są studiowane na całym świecie i brane jako przykład innowacyjnego oraz odważnego dowództwa. Jego zasługi nie kończą się jednak na tym epizodzie: I bitwa nad Bull Run (gdzie otrzymał swój przydomek „Stonewall”, czyli „Kamienny Mur”), II bitwa nad Bull Run, Antietam czy Fredericksburg. Jackson nie odnosił ciągłych sukcesów jako wódz, co można wywnioskować ze słabej postawy w bitwach siedmiodniowych oraz pod Richmond w 1862 r. (pl) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson, född 21 januari 1824 i Clarksburg, Virginia (i nuvarande West Virginia), död 10 maj 1863 i Guinea Station, Virginia, var general i sydstatsarmén. (sv) Томас Джонатан Джексон (з 1861 року відомий також під прізвиськом «Кам'яна Стіна» або «Стоунволл» (англ. Thomas Jonathan «Stonewall» Jackson); 21 січня 1824 р. — 10 травня 1863 р.) — американський воєначальник, генерал Конфедеративних Штатів Америки в роки Громадянської війни. Один з найталановитіших генералів Півдня і один з найзнаменитіших генералів в історії США . У битві під Чанселорсвіллом 2 травня 1863 р. був помилково поранений дозором конфедератів, позбувся руки та помер через 8 днів від пневмонії Загибель Джексона вважається однією з причин невдач в ході подальшої Геттісбурзької кампанії та всієї подальшої війни. За свідченням генерала Гордона, Роберт Лі вважав загибель Джексона основною причиною поразки Конфедерації в Громадянській війні. (uk) 湯瑪士·喬納桑·傑克森（英語：Thomas Jonathan Jackson，1824年1月21日－1863年5月10日），綽號「石牆」（Stonewall），美國內戰期間著名的南軍將領。 (zh) То́мас Джо́натан Дже́ксон (с 1861 года известный также под прозвищем «Стоунуолл», или «Каменная Стена» (англ. Thomas Jonathan «Stonewall» Jackson, а также «Old Blue Light»); 21 января 1824 — 10 мая 1863) — генерал Конфедеративных Штатов Америки в годы Гражданской войны. Один из самых талантливых генералов Юга и один из самых знаменитых генералов в истории США. В сражении при Чанселорсвилле 2 мая 1863 года был по ошибке ранен дозором конфедератов, лишился руки и умер через 8 дней от пневмонии. Гибель Джексона считается одной из причин неудач Северо-Вирджинской армии в ходе последующей Геттисбергской кампании и всей последующей войны. По свидетельству генерала Гордона, Роберт Ли считал гибель Джексона основной причиной поражения Конфедерации в Гражданской войне. (ru)
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dbp:battles * Mexican–American War * American Civil War ** Great Train Raid of 1861 ** Battle of Falling Waters ** First Battle of Bull Run ** Romney Expedition ***Battle of Hancock ** Jackson's Valley Campaign *** First Battle of Kernstown *** Battle of Front Royal *** First Battle of Winchester *** Battle of Port Republic ** Seven Days Battles *** Battle of Gaines's Mill *** Battle of Savage's Station *** Battle of White Oak Swamp *** Battle of Malvern Hill ** Northern Virginia Campaign *** Battle of Cedar Mountain *** First Battle of Rappahannock Station *** Manassas Station *** Second Battle of Bull Run *** Battle of Chantilly ** Maryland Campaign *** Battle of Harpers Ferry *** Battle of Antietam ** Battle of Fredericksburg ** Battle of Chancellorsville (en)
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dbp:birthName Thomas Jonathan Jackson (en)
dbp:birthPlace Clarksburg, Virginia , U.S. (en)
dbp:caption General Jackson at Winchester, Virginia 1862 (en)
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dbp:deathDate 1863-05-10 (xsd:date)
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dbp:name Stonewall Jackson (en)
dbp:nickname (en) Stonewall (en) Old Jack (en) Tom Fool (en) Old Blue Light (en)
dbp:placeofburial dbr:Oak_Grove_Cemetery_(Lexington,_Virginia) Lexington, Virginia, U.S. (en)
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dbp:title dbr:Commander_of_the_Stonewall_Brigade
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rdfs:comment Thomas Jonathan Jackson, conegut com a "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg, Virgínia de l'Oest, 1824 - , Virgínia 1863), militar sudista. Graduat a l'Acadèmia Militar dels Estats Units, era un devot presbiterià; fou un heroi a la Guerra amb Mèxic del 1846-1848 i hi assolí el grau de general. Es distingí a la Guerra Civil dels Estats Units, en la qual fou un dels principals generals confederats. Va ser vencedor de la primera i segona batalla de Bull Run i contribuí a guanyar la batalla de Fredericksburg (1862). Va morir accidentalment a la batalla de Chancellorsville. La seva mort fou un cop molt dur per als Confederats. (ca) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (genannt „Stonewall“; * 21. Januar 1824 in Clarksburg, Virginia (heute West Virginia); † 10. Mai 1863 in , Spotsylvania County, Virginia) war Major des US-Heeres, Lehrer am Virginia Military Institute (VMI) in Lexington, Virginia, und General im Heer der Konföderierten Staaten von Amerika im Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg. Bekannt ist er vor allem durch den erfolgreichen Shenandoah-Feldzug und den Flankenangriff bei Chancellorsville, die ihm den Ruf einbrachten, „General Robert E. Lees fähigster Untergebener“ zu sein. (de) Ο Τόμας Τζόναθαν Τζάκσον (Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 21 Ιανουαρίου 1824 – 10 Μαΐου 1863), γνωστότερος ως Στόουνγουολ Τζάκσον ("Stonewall" Jackson), ήταν ένας από τους σπουδαιότερους και πιο ηρωικούς στρατηγούς των Νοτίων στον Αμερικανικό Εμφύλιο Πόλεμο. (el) Para otros usos de Stonewall Jackson véase Stonewall Jackson (cantante) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg, Virginia, 21 de enero de 1824 - Guinea Station, Virginia, 10 de mayo de 1863) fue uno de los más conocidos y exitosos generales confederados durante la Guerra de Secesión. (es) Ba Meiriceánach é Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (21 Eanáir 1824 – 10 Bealtaine 1863). I gClarksburg, Virginia (Virginia Thiar inniu) a saolaíodh é. Ceannaire tábhachtach ar thaobh na Cónaidhme i gCogadh Cathartha na Stát Aontaithe a bhí ann. Lámhachadh é de thimpiste le linn Chath Chancellorsville. Téascadh géag leis dá bharr. Mhair sé roinnt míonna ina dhiaidh sin ach sa deireadh fuair sé bás mar gheall ar fho-iarmhairt niúmóine. Buille mór do chúis an Deiscirt sa chogadh úd é sin. (ga) Thomas Jonathan Jackson dit Stonewall Jackson, né le 21 janvier 1824 à Clarksburg et mort le 10 mai 1863 à , est un général des États confédérés d'Amérique durant la guerre de Sécession. Après ses nombreux succès au début de la guerre civile malgré une large infériorité numérique, Robert E. Lee lui fit confiance et lui donna un corps d'armée. Sa mort à la suite de la bataille de Chancellorsville marqua les forces sudistes, qui le considéraient comme un des meilleurs généraux des États Confédérés d'Amérique. (fr) 토머스 조너선 잭슨(Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 1824년 1월 20일 혹은 21일 ~ 1863년 5월 10일)은 미국 남북 전쟁 시대의 남부 연합의 군인이자 장군이다. 미국의 역사를 대표하는 용장 중 한 명이며 그가 치른 눈부신 전투로 인해 돌담벼락 잭슨(Stonewall Jackson 스톤월 잭슨[*])이라고 불렸다. 로버트 리 장군의 심복으로 북군을 괴롭혔으나, 챈슬러즈빌 전투 이후 사망하였다. (ko) トーマス・ジョナサン・ジャクソン（Thomas Jonathan Jackson, 1824年1月20日または21日 - 1863年5月10日）は、南北戦争時代のアメリカ連合国（南部連合）の軍人。アメリカ合衆国の歴史を代表する勇将の1人。その戦いぶりからストーンウォール・ジャクソン（Stonewall Jackson）と渾名された。ロバート・E・リーの片腕として合衆国軍（北軍）を苦しめたが、チャンセラーズヴィルの戦いで戦死した。 (ja) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson, född 21 januari 1824 i Clarksburg, Virginia (i nuvarande West Virginia), död 10 maj 1863 i Guinea Station, Virginia, var general i sydstatsarmén. (sv) 湯瑪士·喬納桑·傑克森（英語：Thomas Jonathan Jackson，1824年1月21日－1863年5月10日），綽號「石牆」（Stonewall），美國內戰期間著名的南軍將領。 (zh) توماس جوناثان «ستونوول» جاكسون (بالإنجليزية: Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson)‏ (مواليد 21 يناير 1824 - 10 مايو 1863) خدم كجنرال كونفدرالي (1861-1863) خلال الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية، وأصبح واحدًا من أشهر قادة الكونفدرالية بعد الجنرال روبرت إي لي. لعب جاكسون دورًا مهمًا في معظم المعارك العسكرية في المسرح الشرقي للحرب حتى وفاته، وكان له الفضل في الانتصار في الكثير من المعارك المهمة. (ar) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (21. ledna 1824 – 10. května 1863), řečený Stonewall („Kamenná zeď“), byl americký generál a učitel. Je považován za jednoho z nejlepších polních velitelů Americké občanské války. Vyznamenal se zejména v (květen–červen 1862), v nichž přinutil k ústupu téměř čtyřikrát silnější jednotky Unie. Poté se podílel na zatlačení od Richmondu (či spíše na jeho dobrovolném ústupu). Po skončení této vojenské operace sloužil jako pravá ruka generála Leeho. Jacksonova smrt byla pro Konfederaci ranou, z níž se její armáda jen těžce vzpamatovávala. (cs) Thomas Jonathan JACKSON (kromnomita Stonewall (ŝtonmuro) Jackson) (21-an de januaro 1824, , Virĝinio, Usono – 10-an de majo 1863, , Virĝinio) estis generalo de la Konfederaciitaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko en la Usona Enlanda Milito. Li estis unu el la plej spertaj, lertaj militfakuloj de la suda Konfederacio. Li akiris la kromnomon pro elteno en la unua kiam Generalo ekkris "Tie estas Jackson starada kiel ŝtona muro! Ni determinu ĉi tie morti kaj ni konkeros! Sekvu min!" Ekzistas granda debato ĉu la deklaro de Bee estis komplimento aŭ insulto. (eo) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson , estatubatuar militar bat izan zen, AEBetako Gerra Zibilan Armada Konfederatuaren jenerala izan zen (1861-1863). * Datuak: Q216124 * Multimedia: Stonewall Jackson (eu) Thomas Jonathan «Stonewall» Jackson (21 Januari 1824 – 10 Mei 1863) adalah jenderal Negara Konfederasi Amerika selama Perang Saudara Amerika antara tahun 1861-1863. Ia paling diingat atas dan , sehingga dari sini ia mendapatkan nama julukan "Stonewall" (Dinding Batu). Meskipun demikian, ia tak selalu sukses sebagai komandan, misalnya dalam di Richmond. Ia terluka secara tidak sengaja oleh anak buahnya sendiri dalam Pertempuran Chancellorsville pada tahun 1863. Ia meninggal akibat komplikasi pneumonia 8 hari kemudian. Kematiannya menjadi titik balik parah untuk Konfederasi, karena tak hanya memengaruhi prospek militernya, tetapi juga moril pasukannya dan juga khayalak ramai. (in) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21, 1824 – May 10, 1863) was a Confederate general during the American Civil War, and became one of the best-known Confederate commanders, after Robert E. Lee. He played a prominent role in nearly all military engagements in the Eastern Theater of the war until his death, and had a key part in winning many significant battles. Military historians regard him as one of the most gifted tactical commanders in U.S. history. (en) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (Clarksburg, 21 gennaio 1824 – , 10 maggio 1863) è stato un generale statunitense. Ufficiale nell'US Army divenne tenente generale nell'esercito degli Stati Confederati durante la guerra di secessione. Fu soprannominato Stonewall ("Muro di pietra") per aver resistito con grande determinazione il 21 luglio 1861 all'avanzata unionista, in una fase della prima battaglia di Bull Run nel corso della guerra di secessione. (it) Thomas Jonathan Jackson, pseud. „Stonewall” (ur. 21 stycznia 1824 w Clarksburgu, zm. 10 maja 1863 w Guinea Station) – konfederacki generał; brał udział w wojnie secesyjnej; prawdopodobnie najbardziej znany dowódca Południa, po generale Robercie E. Lee. Brał udział w kampanii w dolinie Shenandoah jako dowódca korpusu Armii Północnej Wirginii w 1862. (pl) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (Clarksburg (West Virginia), 21 januari 1824 – (Virginia), 10 mei 1863) was een Zuidelijke generaal tijdens de Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog en een van de bekendste na Robert E. Lee. Zijn veldtocht in de Shenandoahvallei in 1862 en zijn leiderschap van het van het Army of Northern Virginia brachten hem grote bekendheid. Op 2 mei 1863 werd hij per ongeluk beschoten door eigen wachtposten nabij Chancellorsville. Hij overleefde de schotwonden nadat ze zijn arm hadden geamputeerd. Hij overleed echter acht dagen later ten gevolge van complicaties van een longontsteking. Zijn dood was een ernstige slag voor het Zuiden. Het had zijn weerslag op het moreel van het leger en de publieke opinie. (nl) То́мас Джо́натан Дже́ксон (с 1861 года известный также под прозвищем «Стоунуолл», или «Каменная Стена» (англ. Thomas Jonathan «Stonewall» Jackson, а также «Old Blue Light»); 21 января 1824 — 10 мая 1863) — генерал Конфедеративных Штатов Америки в годы Гражданской войны. (ru) Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (21 de janeiro de 1824 – 10 de maio de 1863) foi um militar americano, mais conhecido como um dos principais oficiais das forças armadas dos Estados Confederados da América durante a Guerra da Secessão e um dos colaboradores mais próximos do general Robert E. Lee. Sua carreira militar data de 1849, onde se destacou por seu pragmatismo e proeza tática. Durante a guerra civil americana, participou de quase todos os importantes combates iniciais no Teatro Oriental de operações, de 1861 até sua morte em 1863. (pt) Томас Джонатан Джексон (з 1861 року відомий також під прізвиськом «Кам'яна Стіна» або «Стоунволл» (англ. Thomas Jonathan «Stonewall» Jackson); 21 січня 1824 р. — 10 травня 1863 р.) — американський воєначальник, генерал Конфедеративних Штатів Америки в роки Громадянської війни. Один з найталановитіших генералів Півдня і один з найзнаменитіших генералів в історії США . У битві під Чанселорсвіллом 2 травня 1863 р. був помилково поранений дозором конфедератів, позбувся руки та помер через 8 днів від пневмонії (uk)
rdfs:label Stonewall Jackson (en) ستونوول جاكسون (ar) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (ca) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (cs) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (de) Τόμας Τζάκσον (el) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (eo) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (es) Stonewall Jackson (eu) Stonewall Jackson (ga) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (in) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (fr) Thomas Jonathan Jackson (it) 스톤월 잭슨 (ko) ストーンウォール・ジャクソン (ja) Thomas Jackson (pl) Thomas Jackson (nl) Stonewall Jackson (pt) Джексон, Томас Джонатан (ru) Stonewall Jackson (sv) 石牆傑克森 (zh) Томас Джексон (uk)
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foaf:name Stonewall Jackson (en)
foaf:nick Stonewall (en) Old Jack (en) Tom Fool (en) Old Blue Light (en)
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is dbp:spouse of dbr:Elinor_Jackson dbr:Mary_Anna_Jackson
is dbp:subject of dbr:Stonewall_Jackson_Monument dbr:Stonewall_Jackson_and_the_American_Civil_War
is foaf:primaryTopic of wikipedia-en:Stonewall_Jackson