Khas people (original) (raw)
La gente de Khas (en nepalí, खस) son un grupo etno-lingüístico indo-ario que hablan Khas (nepalí) idioma en el día de hoy Nepal y, Kumaon y Garhwal de India. También eran conocidos como 'Parbattias' y 'Paharis'. El término Khas ha quedado obsoleto.
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| dbo:abstract | شعب كاس، أو كما يطلق عليهم «كاس آريا»، هم مجموعة عرقية لغوية هندوآرية تنتمي إلى جنوب آسيا، أو ما يدعى نيبال اليوم. إلا أن هناك أقلية تعيش في ولايات أوتاراخند (كوماون – غاروال)، وهيماغل برادش وجامو وكشمير. يتكلم شعب كاس لغة كاس. يعرفون أيضًا باسم بارباتياس، بارباتيس، وباهاريس أو باهاديس، وغوركالي. يعتبر كاس مصطلحًا قديمًا، إذ تبنى شعب كاس هويات اجتماعية مثل باهون وشيتري وذلك بسبب القوالب النمطية السلبية المرتبطة بمصطلح كاس. رغم اكتساب مصطلح كاس شعبية في سياسات الهوية النيبالية منذ تسعينيات القرن العشرين، إلا أن العديد من الطوائف الاجتماعية المصنفة بكونها كاس وآريا، لا يعدّون أنفسهم من الكاس. وفقًا لدستور نيبال، يعتبر سكان التلال الغربية مثل كاس باهون، وشيتري، وتاكوري، وسانياسي الذين هم مواطنون نيباليون، أفرادًا ينتمون من كاس كاريا، وذلك لأغراض انتخابية. (ar) La gente de Khas (en nepalí, खस) son un grupo etno-lingüístico indo-ario que hablan Khas (nepalí) idioma en el día de hoy Nepal y, Kumaon y Garhwal de India. También eran conocidos como 'Parbattias' y 'Paharis'. El término Khas ha quedado obsoleto. (es) Khas people (English: /khɑːs/; Nepali: खस) popularly known as Khas Arya are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group native to the Himalayan region of South Asia, what is now present-day Nepal, Indian states of Uttarakhand, West Bengal and Sikkim. Historically, Khas were the speakers of an ancient Khas language from the Indo-Aryan language family and the earliest recorded speakers of the Western Pahari languages. The large portion of the Indo-Aryan speakers throughout lower Himalayas were the Khas people. An intrusion of this tribe from the Western and Northwestern Himalayas into Central Himalayas is substantiated by the early linguistic evidences related to the Nepali language. They were also known as Parbatiyas/Parbates and are currently known as Paharis/Pahadis. They were also referred to as Yartse in Tibet and are also known as Khasan by Bhotia people. The term Khas has now become obsolete, as the Khas people have adopted communal identities because of the negative stereotypes associated with the term Khas. In Nepal the native speaker of Nepali language are known as Khas. According to the Constitution of Nepal, Brahmins, Kshetris, Thakuris, and Sanyasis (Dashnami) who are citizens of Nepal should be considered as "Khas Arya" for electoral purposes. (en) I Khas sono un gruppo etno-linguistico indo-iranico originario dell'Asia meridionale, tra il Nepal e le attuali regioni del Kumaon, Divisione del Garhwal e del Himachal Pradesh nell'India settentrionale. Le popolazioni Khas parlano la lingua Khas. Sono anche conosciuti come Parbatiyas, Parbates e Paharis / Pahades. Il termine Khas ora è diventato obsoleto, poiché il popolo Khas ha adottato identità comuni come Chhetri e , , , , , a causa degli stereotipi negativi associati al termine Khas. (it) パルバテ・ヒンドゥー（Parbate Hindu, Parvate Hindu）はネパールの最大かつ支配的民族。ネパールの人口のほぼ半分を占める。山地のヒンドゥー教徒という意味。インド・イラン語派に属するネパール語を母語とする。シャハ王家もこの民族集団に属す。 インドとは違ったカースト体系を持つ。最大の民族であるにもかかわらず、ネパールではあまりこの言葉は用いられず、国勢調査ではカーストに分けて統計を取っている。 「バフン（丘陵ブラーマン）」（バラモンに相当）、「チェトリ」（クシャトリアに相当）、「カミ」（不可触民の一部）など、上位カーストと下位カーストのみあり、ヴァイシャ、シュードラ（中位カースト）に相当するものが存在しないのが特徴である。 なお、ネワール族、マデシなどは別のカースト体系を持つ。 (ja) Кхасы (парбатия, пахари; непальск. खस) — этнолингвистическая группа индоарийского происхождения, представители которой проживают на территории Непала, а также индийских штатов Уттаракханд и Химачал-Прадеш и говорящих на кхасском языке. В настоящее время к ним принадлежат представители высших каст — и . Термин «кхасы» не нашёл распространения в современном мире: в отношении него в Непале существует огромное количество стереотипов с негативной окраской. (ru) Originalmente os Khas eram moradores das encostas sul da cadeia do Himalaia desde Caxemira até o Butão, mas principalmente em Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Bengala norte, Sikkim e Butão, mas especialmente no chamado Grande Nepal. Essa tribo Ariana Indo Iraniana deve ter se estabelecido nessa vasta extensão do Himalaia Ocidental, Central e Oriental no início do primeiro milênio AC. Acredita-se que o povo Khas seja descendentes dos antigos "Kambojas", povo de origem Iraniana estabelecido no noroeste da Índia, quando um ramo dos mesmos migrou em direção a Bengala (hoje Bangladesh no I milênio a.C.. Os "Pandits" da Caxemira devem também ser originário de um sub-clã dos cambojas. Os Khas cultivavam o arroz, ficando estabelecidos desde a Pré-história na bacia dos rios Karnali-Bheri no extremo leste do Nepal. Assim, há cerca de 2,5 milênios os Khas migraram para o leste, passando aolargo das inóspitas terras altas dos Kham, para se estabelecer nos vales baixios da bacia do Gandaki, adequadas ao cultivo do arroz. Outra significativa porção dos Khas se estabeleceu em “Gorkha", um pequeno principado no meio caminho entre Pokhara e Catmandu. Por volta do início do século XVIII um rei de nome Prithvi Narayan Shahformou um exército de Chetri. Gurungs, Magars e talvez de outras tribos das colinas e partiu para conquistar e exercer seu poder sobre dezenas de pequenos principados nas cercanias do Himalaia. Quando os Gurkhas vieram a substituir esses primeiros conquistadores Khas na sua pátria, tomando o poder político e militar, a então língua Khaskura foi renomeada Gorkhali, língua dos Gurkhas. Agora essa língua é chamada Nepali, idioma oficial nacional do Nepal. Acredita-se também que ios Khas tenham chegado ao Tadjiquistão e compartilhado certos traços físicos com a população dos Tadjiques. Como um traço comum aos povos Indo-Iranianos muitos dos Khas apresentam um compleição dita “amarelada”, com faces brilhantes, de estatura alta ou mediana, ficando grisalhos geralmente na juventude. Os modernos Tadjiques também apresentam traços similares. Principais sub-castas dos Khas. * Chetri * Thakuri * Gharti * Bahun (Brhamn) Principais nomes dos Panditas da Caxemira * Razdan * Zutshi * Rana * Mitra * Pande * Gharti Chetri (GC) * Khatri Chetri (KC) * Chand * Singh * Malla * Bohora Títulos similares entre as tribos Chetris e Brhamn (Bahun), também de outras castas. * Baral (Bahun,Chetri and Magar) * Lamichane (Bahun, Chetri and Gurung) * Budha (Magar and Chetri) * Adhikari (Chetri and Bahun) (pt) 注：本文中叙述的“切特里”／“Chhetri”为種姓剎帝利／Kshatriya 在尼泊尔语中的音变。本文中叙述的“塔庫里”／“Thakuri”为種姓拉傑普特／Rajput 在尼泊尔语中的音变。本文中叙述的“巴洪”／“Bahun”为種姓婆罗门／Brahmin 在尼泊尔语中的音变。 卡斯人（尼泊爾語：खस，轉寫：Khasa）是尼泊尔的印度教民族，分布于克什米尔至不丹之间，多数分布于北阿坎德邦、喜马偕尔邦、北方邦、阿薩姆邦、尼泊尔、西孟加拉邦北方、大吉嶺，以及锡金，主要是指尼泊爾西部和库马盎专区說卡斯庫拉語的印度教民族。 他们也是雅利安人的一支，体質与塔吉克人相似。他们在公元前1000年進入尼泊尔西方，以养牛种地为生。他们虽然也是雅利安人，但因没固定信仰也不遵守種姓制度很多規定，平原印度教徒不喜歡他們。種姓地位与首陀罗差不多。但在12-15世紀大量印度教徒湧入尼泊尔西方，使他们被同化（大部分授予切特里種姓）。他们在沙阿王朝統一全国时向东前进，成为尼泊尔主体民族（40－45%）。他們語言卡斯庫拉語（尼泊爾語）也是尼泊爾國語。 他們曾長期是尼泊爾軍隊與警察的主力。 (zh) |
| dbo:language | dbr:Nepali_language |
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| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Albumen_Photograph_of...men_from_Nepal_-_1880's.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/purnima/pdf/Purnima_08_04.pdf http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/regmi/pdf/Regmi_05.pdf https://www.pramanaresearch.org/gallery/prj-p1082.pdf https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.6480/ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=1SQLdsejmkQC&pg=PA83 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=61Y2M9ppW64C&q=ET+Atkinson+Khasiya https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=9LFuAAAAMAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=CDxa5G2S0AwC&q=Tribal+Melodies+of+Himachal+Pradesh%3A+Gaddi+folk+music https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=CWOEDwAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=ImBDAAAAYAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=K1QqAAAAYAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=ST6QAAAAIAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=aSaX09InyIoC&pg=PA123 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=bBdWAAAAYAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=cH5uAAAAMAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=iUHfBQAAQBAJ&q=The+Indo-Aryan+Languages https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=mYtPAQAAMAAJ&q=attacori+thuni https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=tK5y4iPArKQC&q=khasas https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=wCTqMgEACAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=z4JqgSUSXDsC&pg=PA285 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=B0C-IhEKrSEC&pg=PA113 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=JzFROpFVYRAC&pg=PA48 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=WSo6PgAACAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=KzxTkI9iAxkC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=7PP1yElRzIUC&q=the+assassination+of+rana+bahadur+shah https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=7_Ct9gzvkDQC |
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| dbp:caption | 1880.0 |
| dbp:group | Khas (en) |
| dbp:languages | Nepali (en) |
| dbp:nativeName | खस (en) |
| dbp:reason | Persistent addition of unsourced or poorly sourced content; requested at WP:RfPP (en) |
| dbp:regions | dbr:Bhutan dbr:India dbr:Nepal |
| dbp:related | dbr:Pahari_people_(Nepal) dbr:Garhwali_people dbr:Kumaoni_people |
| dbp:rels | dbr:Shamanism dbr:Hinduism |
| dbp:small | yes (en) |
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| dcterms:subject | dbc:Indo-Aryan_peoples dbc:Indigenous_peoples_of_Nepal dbc:Ethnic_groups_in_India dbc:Himalayan_peoples dbc:Khas_people dbc:Ethnic_groups_in_Nepal |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Community |
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| rdfs:comment | La gente de Khas (en nepalí, खस) son un grupo etno-lingüístico indo-ario que hablan Khas (nepalí) idioma en el día de hoy Nepal y, Kumaon y Garhwal de India. También eran conocidos como 'Parbattias' y 'Paharis'. El término Khas ha quedado obsoleto. (es) I Khas sono un gruppo etno-linguistico indo-iranico originario dell'Asia meridionale, tra il Nepal e le attuali regioni del Kumaon, Divisione del Garhwal e del Himachal Pradesh nell'India settentrionale. Le popolazioni Khas parlano la lingua Khas. Sono anche conosciuti come Parbatiyas, Parbates e Paharis / Pahades. Il termine Khas ora è diventato obsoleto, poiché il popolo Khas ha adottato identità comuni come Chhetri e , , , , , a causa degli stereotipi negativi associati al termine Khas. (it) パルバテ・ヒンドゥー（Parbate Hindu, Parvate Hindu）はネパールの最大かつ支配的民族。ネパールの人口のほぼ半分を占める。山地のヒンドゥー教徒という意味。インド・イラン語派に属するネパール語を母語とする。シャハ王家もこの民族集団に属す。 インドとは違ったカースト体系を持つ。最大の民族であるにもかかわらず、ネパールではあまりこの言葉は用いられず、国勢調査ではカーストに分けて統計を取っている。 「バフン（丘陵ブラーマン）」（バラモンに相当）、「チェトリ」（クシャトリアに相当）、「カミ」（不可触民の一部）など、上位カーストと下位カーストのみあり、ヴァイシャ、シュードラ（中位カースト）に相当するものが存在しないのが特徴である。 なお、ネワール族、マデシなどは別のカースト体系を持つ。 (ja) Кхасы (парбатия, пахари; непальск. खस) — этнолингвистическая группа индоарийского происхождения, представители которой проживают на территории Непала, а также индийских штатов Уттаракханд и Химачал-Прадеш и говорящих на кхасском языке. В настоящее время к ним принадлежат представители высших каст — и . Термин «кхасы» не нашёл распространения в современном мире: в отношении него в Непале существует огромное количество стереотипов с негативной окраской. (ru) 注：本文中叙述的“切特里”／“Chhetri”为種姓剎帝利／Kshatriya 在尼泊尔语中的音变。本文中叙述的“塔庫里”／“Thakuri”为種姓拉傑普特／Rajput 在尼泊尔语中的音变。本文中叙述的“巴洪”／“Bahun”为種姓婆罗门／Brahmin 在尼泊尔语中的音变。 卡斯人（尼泊爾語：खस，轉寫：Khasa）是尼泊尔的印度教民族，分布于克什米尔至不丹之间，多数分布于北阿坎德邦、喜马偕尔邦、北方邦、阿薩姆邦、尼泊尔、西孟加拉邦北方、大吉嶺，以及锡金，主要是指尼泊爾西部和库马盎专区說卡斯庫拉語的印度教民族。 他们也是雅利安人的一支，体質与塔吉克人相似。他们在公元前1000年進入尼泊尔西方，以养牛种地为生。他们虽然也是雅利安人，但因没固定信仰也不遵守種姓制度很多規定，平原印度教徒不喜歡他們。種姓地位与首陀罗差不多。但在12-15世紀大量印度教徒湧入尼泊尔西方，使他们被同化（大部分授予切特里種姓）。他们在沙阿王朝統一全国时向东前进，成为尼泊尔主体民族（40－45%）。他們語言卡斯庫拉語（尼泊爾語）也是尼泊爾國語。 他們曾長期是尼泊爾軍隊與警察的主力。 (zh) شعب كاس، أو كما يطلق عليهم «كاس آريا»، هم مجموعة عرقية لغوية هندوآرية تنتمي إلى جنوب آسيا، أو ما يدعى نيبال اليوم. إلا أن هناك أقلية تعيش في ولايات أوتاراخند (كوماون – غاروال)، وهيماغل برادش وجامو وكشمير. يتكلم شعب كاس لغة كاس. يعرفون أيضًا باسم بارباتياس، بارباتيس، وباهاريس أو باهاديس، وغوركالي. يعتبر كاس مصطلحًا قديمًا، إذ تبنى شعب كاس هويات اجتماعية مثل باهون وشيتري وذلك بسبب القوالب النمطية السلبية المرتبطة بمصطلح كاس. (ar) Khas people (English: /khɑːs/; Nepali: खस) popularly known as Khas Arya are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group native to the Himalayan region of South Asia, what is now present-day Nepal, Indian states of Uttarakhand, West Bengal and Sikkim. Historically, Khas were the speakers of an ancient Khas language from the Indo-Aryan language family and the earliest recorded speakers of the Western Pahari languages. The large portion of the Indo-Aryan speakers throughout lower Himalayas were the Khas people. An intrusion of this tribe from the Western and Northwestern Himalayas into Central Himalayas is substantiated by the early linguistic evidences related to the Nepali language. They were also known as Parbatiyas/Parbates and are currently known as Paharis/Pahadis. They were also referred to a (en) Originalmente os Khas eram moradores das encostas sul da cadeia do Himalaia desde Caxemira até o Butão, mas principalmente em Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Bengala norte, Sikkim e Butão, mas especialmente no chamado Grande Nepal. Essa tribo Ariana Indo Iraniana deve ter se estabelecido nessa vasta extensão do Himalaia Ocidental, Central e Oriental no início do primeiro milênio AC. Principais sub-castas dos Khas. * Chetri * Thakuri * Gharti * Bahun (Brhamn) Principais nomes dos Panditas da Caxemira Títulos similares entre as tribos Chetris e Brhamn (Bahun), também de outras castas. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Khas people (en) شعب كاس (ar) Khas (es) Khas (it) パルバテ・ヒンドゥー (ja) Khas (pt) Кхасы (ru) 卡斯人 (zh) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Khas people yago-res:Khas people wikidata:Khas people dbpedia-ar:Khas people dbpedia-be:Khas people http://bn.dbpedia.org/resource/খস_জনগোষ্ঠী dbpedia-es:Khas people dbpedia-fa:Khas people http://hi.dbpedia.org/resource/खस_लोग dbpedia-it:Khas people dbpedia-ja:Khas people http://ky.dbpedia.org/resource/Хаси_(калк) dbpedia-mr:Khas people http://ne.dbpedia.org/resource/खस dbpedia-no:Khas people dbpedia-pt:Khas people dbpedia-ru:Khas people dbpedia-simple:Khas people http://ta.dbpedia.org/resource/கச_மக்கள் dbpedia-zh:Khas people https://global.dbpedia.org/id/3Ltq7 |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Khas_people?oldid=1124782641&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Bhimsen_Thapa_of_Nepal_(cropped).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Major_Indo-Aryan_languages.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Khas_or_Kus_group,_Goorkha,_dominant_tribe,_Nipal.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Albumen_Photograph_of_Khas_Women_from_Nepal_-_1880's.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Khas_or_pre-gorkha_kingdom.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Mandhata_Shahi-_SAKE-1612.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Vishnu_and_Lakshmi_Su...dom_of_Kashmir,_Jammu_and_Kashmir.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/कर्तिखम्म.jpg |
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| is dbp:ethnicity of | dbr:Koirala_family dbr:Nepali_language |
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| is dbp:populationBlank of | dbr:Bhaktapur |
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