Trams in Melbourne (original) (raw)

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La rete tranviaria di Melbourne è la rete tranviaria che serve la città australiana di Melbourne. Composta da ventotto linee, si tratta della rete più estesa al mondo.

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dbo:abstract Die Straßenbahn Melbourne ist nach dem Schnellbahnnetz der zweitwichtigste Träger des öffentlichen Nahverkehrs im australischen Melbourne. Mit einer Länge von 245 Kilometern und mit 1813 Haltestellen besitzt Melbourne das größte Straßenbahnnetz der Welt. Es werden jährlich 206 Millionen Personen befördert. Das Liniennetz besteht aus 27 Linien, die mit den Nummern 1 bis 109 nummeriert sind. Sehr beliebt bei Touristen ist die City Circle tram (Linie 35) um einen Teil der Innenstadt, den sogenannten Central Business District (CBD), die mit historischen, teils in weinrot oder grün-gelb lackierten Fahrzeugen verkehrt und kostenlos benutzt werden darf. Zusätzlich darf innerhalb der Free Tram zone, begrenzt durch den Linienweg der Linie 35, der gesamte Trambetrieb gratis genutzt werden. (de) Le tramway fut introduit à Melbourne, Australie, en 1885, et cette ville en possède aujourd'hui le plus vaste réseau au monde, depuis que Saint-Pétersbourg a démonté massivement ses lignes de tramways dans les années 2000. Le réseau se compose de 245 km de voies, de 500 tramways, 24 lignes, et 1 813 arrêts. Les tramways sont alimentés en tension continue 600 V, délivrée par une caténaire, et circulent sur une voie à écartement standard (1 435 mm). Le réseau est exploité actuellement par la société privée sous contrat avec le gouvernement du Victoria, qui en est le propriétaire. Les tramways de Melbourne contribuent dans une large mesure au caractère distinctif de la ville, et ils sont très aimés par ses habitants. En 2007, les tramways de Melbourne ont transporté un total de 156,4 millions de passagers. (fr) La rete tranviaria di Melbourne è la rete tranviaria che serve la città australiana di Melbourne. Composta da ventotto linee, si tratta della rete più estesa al mondo. (it) Trams are a major form of public transport in Melbourne, the capital city of the state of Victoria, Australia. As of May 2017, the Melbourne tramway network consists of 250 kilometres (160 miles) of double track, 493 trams, 24 routes, and 1,763 tram stops. The system is the largest operational urban tram network in the world. Trams are the second most used form of public transport in overall boardings in Melbourne after the commuter railway network, with a total of 206 million passenger trips in 2017–18. Trams have operated continuously in Melbourne since 1885 (the horse tram line in Fairfield opened in 1884, but was at best an irregular service). Since then they have become a distinctive part of Melbourne's character and feature in tourism and travel advertising. Melbourne's cable tram system opened in 1885, and expanded to one of the largest in the world, with 75 kilometres (46.6 miles) of double track. The first electric tram line opened in 1889, but closed only a few years later in 1896. In 1906 electric tram systems were opened in St Kilda and Essendon, marking the start of continuous operation of Melbourne's electric trams. Victoria's public transport system was reorganised in 1983 and saw the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board absorbed into the Metropolitan Transit Authority, which was in turn absorbed by the Public Transport Corporation in 1989. The network has been operated under contract since the commencement of franchising, following the privatisation of the Public Transport Corporation in 1999. The current private operator contracted to run Melbourne's tram system is Keolis Downer, trading as Yarra Trams. Ticketing, public information and patronage promotion are undertaken by Victoria's public transport body, Public Transport Victoria. The multi-modal integrated ticketing system, myki, currently operates across the tram network. At some Melbourne intersections (most within the CBD), motor vehicles are required to perform a hook turn, a manoeuvre designed to give trams priority. To further improve tram speeds on congested Melbourne streets, trams also have priority in road usage, with specially fitted traffic lights and exclusive lanes being provided either at all times or in peak times, as well as other measures. (en) Tramwaje w Melbourne – system komunikacji tramwajowej w Melbourne. Tramwaje są podstawowym środkiem transportu miejskiego w Melbourne (Australia). Miasto posiada obecnie największą sieć tramwajową na świecie, wyprzedzając Petersburg, który zamknął wiele odcinków swojej sieci na początku XXI wieku. Sieć tramwajowa Melbourne liczy 249 km podwójnego toru (498 km toru pojedynczego), 500 pociągów, 28 linii oraz ponad 1770 przystanków. Pod względem łącznej liczby przewożonych pasażerów, tramwaje są drugą najczęściej wybieraną formą podróży, po kolei aglomeracyjnej, przewożąc około 158 mln pasażerów rocznie (178 mln według innych źródeł). W roku 2009 tramwaje odnotowały największy wzrost liczby pasażerów w skali rocznej (15%) ze wszystkich środków transportu Melbourne. Melbourne jest jedynym miastem w Australii posiadającym skrzyżowania dopuszczające manewr typu hook turn, czyli skręt w prawo z najbardziej lewego pasa eliminujący blokowanie tramwajów przez samochody (w Australii, z uwagi na ruch lewostronny, skręca się w prawo zwykle z najbardziej prawego pasa). Inne udogodnienia to priorytet dla komunikacji tramwajowej na ulicach oraz w sygnalizacji świetlnej, aktywny przez cały czas lub w godzinach szczytu. Sieć tramwajowa Melbourne wykorzystuje normalny rozstaw szyn (1435 mm) oraz zasilanie prądem stałym z sieci trakcyjnej o napięciu 600 V. Infrastruktura oraz tabor są własnością rządu stanowego Wiktorii, natomiast eksploatację prowadzi w ramach umowy prywatna spółka (obecnie Yarra Trams). Tramwaje w Melbourne objęte są systemem zintegrowanych biletów . (pl) オーストラリア南部の都市・メルボルンには、2018年6月現在路線延長250km、電停数1700以上、在籍車両数475両以上という世界最大の路面電車ネットワークが存在する。1999年以降は民間企業が電車の運行を行っており、2018年現在ヤラトラム(Yarra Trams)が運営権を所持している。 (ja) Melbournes spårväg består av 250 kilometer dubbelspår, över 475 spårvagnar samt ungefär 1700 hållplatser i den australiska delstaten Victorias huvudstad Melbourne. Tjänster körs på 25 linjer, varav endast 24 körs samtidigt då linjen 3 endast körs veckodagar och ersätts av linjen 3a övriga dagar. Australiens första elspårväg invigdes i Melbourne 1889 mellan Box Hill och Doncaster. (sv) Трамвайная сеть в городе Мельбурн, Австралия, была заложена в 1885 году. В настоящее время Мельбурнская трамвайная сеть является крупнейшей в мире (после того как была демонтирована часть сети трамвая в Санкт-Петербурге в начале XXI века). Общая протяженность трамвайных путей составляет в настоящий момент 254 километра, по которым ходят 498 трамваев, которые обслуживают 30 линий и 1813 остановок. Трамвайные вагоны приводятся в движение напряжением постоянного тока в 600 Вольт, которое подается через провода, подвешенные над вагонами. Трамвайные пути имеют стандартную ширину колеи в 4 фута и 8,5 дюйма. Мельбурнская трамвайная система в настоящее время управляется частной компанией Yarra Trams, с которой правительство штата Виктория заключило договор. Правительство штата является также владельцем трамвайной сети. В 2007 году трамвайной системой Мельбурна было перевезено в общей сложности 156,4 миллиона пассажиров. Мельбурн является единственным австралийским городом, в котором существует правило, согласно которому водителям автотранспорта в некоторых случаях предписывается производить поворот направо из крайнего левого ряда, для того, чтобы не занимать крайнюю правую полосу (в Австралии левостороннее движение) и дать преимущество трамваю для проезда прямо. Маршруты Мельбурнского трамвая под номерами 6 и 96 считаются одними из наиболее загруженных трамвайных линий в мире. (ru) Мельбурнський трамвай (англ. Trams in Melbourne) — мережа трамвайних маршрутів в місті Мельбурн, Вікторія, Австралія. Найбільша в світі трамвайна мережа (на другому місці Петербурзький трамвай) складається з 250 км, та 1763 трамвайних зупинок. Разом з міською електричкою створюють основу громадського транспорту міста. (uk) 墨爾本有轨电车(英語:Melbourne Trams)是澳洲维多利亚州首府墨爾本的路面電車系統,截至2017年,整个系统由250公里(160英里)长的轨道,493列列车、24条线路和1763个车站组成。以长度计算,墨尔本有轨电车为全球最大的有轨电车系统。此系统也和香港輕鐵的发展颇有渊源。 (zh)
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dbp:caption E-class trams on Bourke Street in 2013 (en)
dbp:date 2019-05-31 (xsd:date)
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dbp:era1Operator (en) Various (en) MTB (en) MMTB (en) MTOC (en)
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dbp:era1Status Abandoned or (en) Converted to electric (en)
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dbp:era3Passengers 206300000 (xsd:integer)
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dbp:era3Website http://www.yarratrams.com.au Yarra Trams (en)
dbp:filename Melbourne trams - 2018-09-15 - Andy Mabbett.oga (en)
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dbp:name Melbourne tramway network (en)
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dbp:title Trams at Melbourne tram stop 14, 'Arts Precinct' (en)
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rdfs:comment La rete tranviaria di Melbourne è la rete tranviaria che serve la città australiana di Melbourne. Composta da ventotto linee, si tratta della rete più estesa al mondo. (it) オーストラリア南部の都市・メルボルンには、2018年6月現在路線延長250km、電停数1700以上、在籍車両数475両以上という世界最大の路面電車ネットワークが存在する。1999年以降は民間企業が電車の運行を行っており、2018年現在ヤラトラム(Yarra Trams)が運営権を所持している。 (ja) Melbournes spårväg består av 250 kilometer dubbelspår, över 475 spårvagnar samt ungefär 1700 hållplatser i den australiska delstaten Victorias huvudstad Melbourne. Tjänster körs på 25 linjer, varav endast 24 körs samtidigt då linjen 3 endast körs veckodagar och ersätts av linjen 3a övriga dagar. Australiens första elspårväg invigdes i Melbourne 1889 mellan Box Hill och Doncaster. (sv) Мельбурнський трамвай (англ. Trams in Melbourne) — мережа трамвайних маршрутів в місті Мельбурн, Вікторія, Австралія. Найбільша в світі трамвайна мережа (на другому місці Петербурзький трамвай) складається з 250 км, та 1763 трамвайних зупинок. Разом з міською електричкою створюють основу громадського транспорту міста. (uk) 墨爾本有轨电车(英語:Melbourne Trams)是澳洲维多利亚州首府墨爾本的路面電車系統,截至2017年,整个系统由250公里(160英里)长的轨道,493列列车、24条线路和1763个车站组成。以长度计算,墨尔本有轨电车为全球最大的有轨电车系统。此系统也和香港輕鐵的发展颇有渊源。 (zh) Die Straßenbahn Melbourne ist nach dem Schnellbahnnetz der zweitwichtigste Träger des öffentlichen Nahverkehrs im australischen Melbourne. Mit einer Länge von 245 Kilometern und mit 1813 Haltestellen besitzt Melbourne das größte Straßenbahnnetz der Welt. Es werden jährlich 206 Millionen Personen befördert. (de) Le tramway fut introduit à Melbourne, Australie, en 1885, et cette ville en possède aujourd'hui le plus vaste réseau au monde, depuis que Saint-Pétersbourg a démonté massivement ses lignes de tramways dans les années 2000. Le réseau se compose de 245 km de voies, de 500 tramways, 24 lignes, et 1 813 arrêts. Les tramways sont alimentés en tension continue 600 V, délivrée par une caténaire, et circulent sur une voie à écartement standard (1 435 mm). Le réseau est exploité actuellement par la société privée sous contrat avec le gouvernement du Victoria, qui en est le propriétaire. Les tramways de Melbourne contribuent dans une large mesure au caractère distinctif de la ville, et ils sont très aimés par ses habitants. (fr) Trams are a major form of public transport in Melbourne, the capital city of the state of Victoria, Australia. As of May 2017, the Melbourne tramway network consists of 250 kilometres (160 miles) of double track, 493 trams, 24 routes, and 1,763 tram stops. The system is the largest operational urban tram network in the world. Trams are the second most used form of public transport in overall boardings in Melbourne after the commuter railway network, with a total of 206 million passenger trips in 2017–18. (en) Tramwaje w Melbourne – system komunikacji tramwajowej w Melbourne. Tramwaje są podstawowym środkiem transportu miejskiego w Melbourne (Australia). Miasto posiada obecnie największą sieć tramwajową na świecie, wyprzedzając Petersburg, który zamknął wiele odcinków swojej sieci na początku XXI wieku. Sieć tramwajowa Melbourne liczy 249 km podwójnego toru (498 km toru pojedynczego), 500 pociągów, 28 linii oraz ponad 1770 przystanków. (pl) Трамвайная сеть в городе Мельбурн, Австралия, была заложена в 1885 году. В настоящее время Мельбурнская трамвайная сеть является крупнейшей в мире (после того как была демонтирована часть сети трамвая в Санкт-Петербурге в начале XXI века). Общая протяженность трамвайных путей составляет в настоящий момент 254 километра, по которым ходят 498 трамваев, которые обслуживают 30 линий и 1813 остановок. Трамвайные вагоны приводятся в движение напряжением постоянного тока в 600 Вольт, которое подается через провода, подвешенные над вагонами. Трамвайные пути имеют стандартную ширину колеи в 4 фута и 8,5 дюйма. Мельбурнская трамвайная система в настоящее время управляется частной компанией Yarra Trams, с которой правительство штата Виктория заключило договор. Правительство штата является также владе (ru)
rdfs:label Trams in Melbourne (en) Straßenbahn Melbourne (de) Tramway de Melbourne (fr) Rete tranviaria di Melbourne (it) トラム (メルボルン) (ja) Tramwaje w Melbourne (pl) Мельбурнский трамвай (ru) Melbournes spårväg (sv) Мельбурнський трамвай (uk) 墨爾本電車 (zh)
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