| dbo:abstract |
A metal ion in aqueous solution or aqua ion is a cation, dissolved in water, of chemical formula [M(H2O)n]z+. The solvation number, n, determined by a variety of experimental methods is 4 for Li+ and Be2+ and 6 for most elements in periods 3 and 4 of the periodic table. Lanthanide and actinide aqua ions have higher solvation numbers (often 8 to 9), with the highest knowm being 11 for Ac3+. The strength of the bonds between the metal ion and water molecules in the primary solvation shell increases with the electrical charge, z, on the metal ion and decreases as its ionic radius, r, increases. Aqua ions are subject to hydrolysis. The logarithm of the first hydrolysis constant is proportional to z2/r for most aqua ions. The aqua ion is associated, through hydrogen bonding with other water molecules in a secondary solvation shell. Water molecules in the first hydration shell exchange with molecules in the second solvation shell and molecules in the bulk liquid. The residence time of a molecule in the first shell varies among the chemical elements from about 100 picoseconds to more than 200 years. Aqua ions are prominent in electrochemistry. (en) Uno ione metallico in soluzione acquosa o più semplicemente un acquoione è un catione disciolto in acqua, con formula generale [M(H2O)n]z+. Il numero di solvatazione n si può determinare sperimentalmente e può variare da 4 a 9 (e oltre). Ad esempio n è 4 per Li+ e Be2+, 6 per gli elementi dei periodi 3 e 4 della tavola periodica, e 8 o 9 per lantanoidi e attinoidi. La forza del legame tra il catione metallico e le molecole d'acqua nella prima sfera di solvatazione cresce al crescere della densità di carica positiva del catione, e quindi aumenta al crescere della carica elettrica z sul metallo, e diminuisce al crescere del suo raggio r. Gli acquoioni possono dar luogo a reazioni di idrolisi. Per la maggior parte degli acquoioni il logaritmo della prima costante di idrolisi è proporzionale a z2/r. L'acquoione interagisce via legame a idrogeno con le altre molecole d'acqua presenti nella seconda sfera di solvatazione. Le molecole di acqua della prima sfera di solvatazione si scambiano con quelle presenti nella seconda sfera di solvatazione e nel resto della soluzione. Il tempo di residenza di una molecola d'acqua nella prima sfera di solvatazione è molto variabile a seconda dello ione metallico e può variare da circa 100 picosecondi a più di 200 anni. (it) |
| dbo:thumbnail |
wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Na+H2O.svg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink |
https://archive.org/details/metalligandrelat0000adam%7Curl-access=registration%7Cyear=1967%7Cpublisher=Edward https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=pYPRBQAAQBAJ&pg=SA5-PA80 |
| dbo:wikiPageID |
31124187 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength |
68476 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID |
1125026320 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink |
dbr:Cadmium dbr:Caesium dbr:Calcium dbr:Californium dbr:Americium dbr:Potassium dbr:Praseodymium dbr:Rubidium dbr:Samarium dbr:Electrical_mobility dbr:Electrochemistry dbr:Mineral_water dbr:Neptunium dbr:Barium dbr:Beryllium dbr:Determination_of_equilibrium_constants dbr:Anodic_protection dbr:Antimony dbr:Hsab_theory dbr:Hydrogen dbr:Hydrogen_bond dbr:Hydronium dbr:Lithium dbr:Lithium_chloride dbr:Pentagonal_bipyramid dbr:Perchloric_acid dbr:Periodic_table dbr:Permanganate dbr:Rhodium dbr:Infrared_spectroscopy dbr:Mendelevium dbr:Molybdenum dbr:Nobelium dbr:Platinum dbr:Polonium dbr:Promethium dbr:Protactinium dbr:Ruthenium dbr:Scandium dbr:Second dbr:Standard_deviation dbr:Sports_drink dbr:Isotonicity dbr:Conductivity_(electrolytic) dbr:Chemical_element dbr:Cobalt dbr:Enthalpy dbr:Entropy dbr:Gadolinium dbr:Gallium dbr:Gold dbr:Molecular_point_group dbr:Coordination_complex dbr:Copper dbr:Thermodynamic_activity dbr:Thorium dbr:Equilibrium_constant dbr:Erbium dbr:Berkelium dbr:Magnesium dbr:Manganese dbr:Silver dbr:Strontium dbr:Yttrium dbr:Zinc dbr:Zirconium dbr:Francium dbr:Hafnium dbr:Parts_per_million dbr:Picosecond dbr:Transition_state dbr:Actinide dbr:Actinium dbr:Cation dbr:Cerium dbr:Cesium dbr:Time_constant dbr:Tin dbr:Titanium dbr:Galvanization dbr:Ion_transport_number dbr:Ionic_radius dbr:Lanthanide dbr:Lanthanide_contraction dbr:Lawrencium dbr:Perspiration dbr:Seawater dbr:Aluminium dbr:Curium dbr:Dysprosium dbc:Solutions dbr:Europium dbr:Fermium dbr:Nickel dbr:Oxalate dbr:Oxidation_state dbr:Palladium dbr:Parts_per_trillion dbr:Chromium dbr:Diffusion dbr:Germanium dbr:Hard_water dbr:Thulium dbr:Vanadium dbr:Standard_electrode_potential dbr:Radium dbr:Rate-determining_step dbr:Reaction_rate dbr:Reduction_(chemistry) dbr:Relaxation_(NMR) dbr:Residence_time_distribution dbr:Half-life dbr:Iridium dbr:Iron dbr:Tellurium dbr:Terbium dbr:Thallium dbr:Hydration_number dbr:Hydrogen_ion dbr:Uranyl dbr:Arsenic dbr:Astatine dbr:Chemical_formula dbr:Lanthanum dbr:Lead dbr:Bismuth dbr:Blood dbr:Einsteinium dbr:Holmium dbr:Year dbr:Ytterbium dbr:Dimethyl_sulfoxide dbr:Dissociation_(chemistry) dbr:Plutonium dbr:Sodium dbr:Dative_covalent_bond dbr:Dodecahedral dbr:Domestic_water dbr:Enthalpy_of_dissolution dbr:Indium dbr:Mercury_(element) dbr:Metal dbr:Methanol dbr:Neodymium dbr:Radial_distribution_function dbr:Sigma_bond dbr:Solvent dbr:Uranium dbr:Water dbr:Dietary_mineral dbr:Lutetium dbr:Molecular_vibration dbr:Self-ionization_of_water dbr:Raman_spectroscopy dbr:Solvation_shell dbr:Oxyanion dbr:Symmetric_hydrogen_bond dbr:Ion-pair dbr:Ion_pair dbr:Square_antiprism dbr:Liquid_ammonia dbr:Transactinide dbr:Vanadyl dbr:First_coordination_sphere dbr:Nickel_chloride dbr:Rate_constant dbr:Crystal_field dbr:Dimethyl_formamide dbr:Jahn-Teller dbr:File:Zundel-cation.JPG dbr:File:Be3OHW6.svg dbr:File:BeHydrolysis.png dbr:File:Na+H2O.svg dbr:File:Hexaaquacopper(II)-3D-balls.png dbr:File:CFSE_DH.png dbr:File:Cu_water.png dbr:File:Lanthanide_HE.png dbr:File:Mo3O4.png dbr:File:Secondary_solvation.svg dbr:File:Tri-capped_prism.png |
| dbp:b |
2 (xsd:integer) 4 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:p |
+ (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate |
dbt:Chem dbt:Chem2 dbt:Cite_book dbt:Eqm dbt:Font_color dbt:ISBN dbt:Main dbt:Reflist dbt:See_also dbt:Short_description dbt:Val dbt:Su dbt:E- dbt:+ |
| dct:subject |
dbc:Solutions |
| gold:hypernym |
dbr:Cation |
| rdf:type |
owl:Thing yago:WikicatSolutions yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Matter100020827 yago:Mixture114586258 yago:Part113809207 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Relation100031921 dbo:ChemicalCompound yago:Solution114589223 yago:Substance100019613 |
| rdfs:comment |
A metal ion in aqueous solution or aqua ion is a cation, dissolved in water, of chemical formula [M(H2O)n]z+. The solvation number, n, determined by a variety of experimental methods is 4 for Li+ and Be2+ and 6 for most elements in periods 3 and 4 of the periodic table. Lanthanide and actinide aqua ions have higher solvation numbers (often 8 to 9), with the highest knowm being 11 for Ac3+. The strength of the bonds between the metal ion and water molecules in the primary solvation shell increases with the electrical charge, z, on the metal ion and decreases as its ionic radius, r, increases. Aqua ions are subject to hydrolysis. The logarithm of the first hydrolysis constant is proportional to z2/r for most aqua ions. (en) Uno ione metallico in soluzione acquosa o più semplicemente un acquoione è un catione disciolto in acqua, con formula generale [M(H2O)n]z+. Il numero di solvatazione n si può determinare sperimentalmente e può variare da 4 a 9 (e oltre). Ad esempio n è 4 per Li+ e Be2+, 6 per gli elementi dei periodi 3 e 4 della tavola periodica, e 8 o 9 per lantanoidi e attinoidi. La forza del legame tra il catione metallico e le molecole d'acqua nella prima sfera di solvatazione cresce al crescere della densità di carica positiva del catione, e quindi aumenta al crescere della carica elettrica z sul metallo, e diminuisce al crescere del suo raggio r. Gli acquoioni possono dar luogo a reazioni di idrolisi. Per la maggior parte degli acquoioni il logaritmo della prima costante di idrolisi è proporzionale a (it) |
| rdfs:label |
Ioni metallici in soluzione acquosa (it) Metal ions in aqueous solution (en) |
| rdfs:seeAlso |
dbr:Metal_aquo_complex dbr:Hydrolysis |
| owl:sameAs |
freebase:Metal ions in aqueous solution yago-res:Metal ions in aqueous solution wikidata:Metal ions in aqueous solution dbpedia-it:Metal ions in aqueous solution https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4sEpN |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom |
wikipedia-en:Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution?oldid=1125026320&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction |
wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Zundel-cation.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Be3OHW6.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/BeHydrolysis.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Na+H2O.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Hexaaquacopper(II)-3D-balls.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/CFSE_DH.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Cu_water.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Lanthanide_HE.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Mo3O4.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Secondary_solvation.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Tri-capped_prism.png |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf |
wikipedia-en:Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of |
dbr:Aqua_ion |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of |
dbr:List_of_aqueous_ions_by_element dbr:Aqueous_solution dbr:Hydroxide dbr:Uranium_tetrachloride dbr:Zinc_compounds dbr:Coordination_complex dbr:Equilibrium_chemistry dbr:Stability_constants_of_complexes dbr:Active_site dbr:Ionic_potential dbr:Iron_in_biology dbr:Solvolysis dbr:Alkali_metal dbr:Vanadium dbr:Group_12_element dbr:Ion_association dbr:Hydration_number dbr:Hydroponics dbr:Hygroscopic_cycle dbr:Cofactor_(biochemistry) dbr:Regolith-hosted_rare_earth_element_deposits dbr:Human_iron_metabolism dbr:Aqua_ion dbr:Olation dbr:Solvation_shell dbr:Vanadium_compounds |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of |
wikipedia-en:Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution |
