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نورثروب تي-38 تالون (بالإنجليزية: Northrop T-38 Talon) هي طائرة تدريب أنتجت في 1961 بالولايات المتحدة. من صناعة نورثروب. كانت تستخدم بشكل أساسي من قبل القوات الجوية الأمريكية. كان أول طيران لها في 10 مارس 1959. دخلت الخدمة في 17 مارس 1961، انتهت خدمتها في 1993. صنع منها 1,146 طائرة، وسعر الطائرة الواحدة منها هو 756,000 (1961 constant dollars), 5.879 مليون دولار (2013 dollars). (ar) Northrop T-38 Talon je americký nadzvukový proudový cvičný letoun. Byl prvním nadzvukovým cvičným letounem vůbec a stal se v této kategorii i nejrozšířenějším. Letouny T-38 jsou stále provozovány řadou letectev, včetně USA, které jich dosud provozují nejvíce. Z konstrukce T-38 vychází lehké stíhací letouny Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter a typy z něj odvozené. V roce 2019 byl T-38 v provozu už více než 50 let u původního operátora, letectva Spojených států. V září 2018 letectvo oznámilo nahrazení Talonu letounem Boeing T-7 Red Hawk s postupným vyřazováním, které má začít v roce 2023. (cs) Die Northrop T-38 Talon ist ein zweistrahliger Trainer des US-amerikanischen Herstellers Northrop Corporation für Militärpiloten. Sie war das erste Schulflugzeug der Welt für Überschallgeschwindigkeit und ist noch immer im Dienst, soll aber in der United States Air Force durch den Gewinner des T-X-Programms abgelöst werden. (de) El Northrop T-38 Talon es un avión de entrenamiento avanzado usado normalmente para la enseñanza de técnicas a velocidades supersónicas, acrobacias, formación, vuelos nocturnos por instrumentación y navegación a pilotos recién graduados. En Estados Unidos, más de 60 000 pilotos lo han usado como entrenador. El T-38 Talon también es utilizado por la NASA para entrenar a sus astronautas. (es) The Northrop T-38 Talon is a two-seat, twinjet supersonic jet trainer. It was the world's first, and the most produced, supersonic trainer. The T-38 remains in service as of 2022 in several air forces. The United States Air Force (USAF) operates the most T-38s. In addition to training USAF pilots, the T-38 is used by NASA. The U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in Patuxent River, Maryland, is the principal US Navy operator (other T-38s were previously used as USN for dissimilar air combat training until replaced by the similar Northrop F-5 Tiger II). Pilots of other NATO nations fly the T-38 in joint training programs with USAF pilots. As of 2022, the T-38 has been in service for over 60 years with its original operator, the United States Air Force. In September 2018, USAF announced the replacement of the Talon by the Boeing-Saab T-7 Red Hawk with phaseout to begin in 2023. (en) Le Northrop T-38 Talon est un avion d'entraînement construit aux États-Unis durant les années 1960. Utilisé pour former les pilotes militaires et les astronautes de la NASA, il fut le premier avion d'entraînement supersonique et a été produit à plus de 1 100 exemplaires. Encore largement en service en 2021, il est considéré comme l'un des avions supersoniques les plus sûrs. On estime que plus de 60 000 pilotes ont été formés avec cet appareil. (fr) Northrop T-38 Talon adalah pesawat jet latih (trainer) sayap rendah (low wing) yang dibuat di Amerika Serikat selama tahun 1960-an. Digunakan untuk melatih pilot militer dan astronaut dari NASA, ia adalah pesawat jet latih (trainer) pertama supersonik dan diproduksi lebih dari 1100 buah. Masih banyak digunakan sampai saat ini, yang dianggap sebagai salah satu pesawat jet supersonik paling aman. Diperkirakan bahwa lebih dari 60.000 pilot telah dilatih dengan perangkat jet ini. (in) T-38はアメリカ合衆国のノースロップ（現・ノースロップ・グラマン）社が開発した練習機。愛称はタロン(Talon：猛禽類の鉤爪の意)。 練習機ながらアフターバーナーを装備し、超音速を発揮できる。優秀な双発ジェットの高等練習機として高く評価され、総数1,000機以上が生産された。 (ja) T-38 탤론은 1950년대 노스롭사의 경량 전투기 프로젝트(the N-156 project:후에 F-5가 됨)의 훈련기 버전으로 개발되었다. 경량전투기(F-5)의 개발은 되었지만, 미국은 당시 그런 전투기가 필요 없었다. 그래서 그것을 훈련기로 생산, T-33 훈련기를 교체하였다. 세계 최초의 초음속 제트 훈련기이며, 2005년까지 운용될 예정이다. 세계에서 가장 많이 팔린 초음속 훈련기이다. 제트 훈련기로서의 최초는 아니다. 이전에도 T-2 등의 제트 훈련기가 존재했다. 음속을 돌파하는 제트 훈련기는 탤론이 최초이다. 한국은 T-38을 대체하기 위해 T-50 골든이글을 개발완료하고, 2005년 말부터 대량생산 중이다. (ko) Il Northrop T-38 Talon è un bimotore a getto da addestramento con capacità supersonica prodotto dall'azienda statunitense Northrop Corporation dal 1961 al 1972. È stato l'addestratore supersonico prodotto per primo e in maggior quantità. Resta in servizio anche nel 2014 nelle forze aeree nel mondo inclusa l'United States Air Force (USAF), che resta il suo maggior utilizzatore. La sua struttura di base è stata usata per la famiglia di aerei leggeri da combattimento F-5 Freedom Fighter. Oltre che dai piloti USAF, i T-38 vengono anche impiegati dai piloti della NASA, da altri piloti della NATO (sotto un programma unico) e altri utenti civili. (it) Northrop T-38 Talon – amerykański ponaddźwiękowy samolot szkolno-treningowy, pierwsza tego typu maszyna na świecie zbudowana dla celów szkolenia pilotów do lotów z prędkościami ponaddźwiękowymi. (pl) De Northrop T-38 Talon is een Amerikaans supersonisch lesvliegtuig. Het was het eerste en ook het meest geproduceerde supersonische lesvliegtuig ter wereld. Het toestel kreeg daarom de bijnaam white rocket. Het toestel wordt gebruikt door de USAF, de NASA – als een lestoestel voor astronauten – en de US Navy (Naval Test Pilot School). Ook diverse NATO luchtmachten (waaronder ook de Nederlandse Koninklijke Luchtmacht) maakten en maken er nog steeds gebruik van. In 2003 waren nog 562 T-38's operationeel en verwacht wordt dat ze tot 2020 zullen worden gebruikt. Een groot deel van het ontwerp van dit toestel werd overgenomen in de later onder meer door Nederland aangeschafte lichte jachtbommenwerper de Northrop F-5. (nl) O Northrop T-38 Talon é um avião supersónico de treinamento avançado. Tendo sido o primeiro avião de treino supersônico em todo o mundo e o primeiro da Força Aérea Portuguesa a ter capacidade supersónica. É ainda o mais fabricado (na sua categoria) e continua em 2010 ao serviço de várias Forças Armadas do mundo. A sua construção deriva do antigo projeto N-156 da Northrop que visava a produção de um caça ligeiro de baixo custo e multifuncional, dando origem ao F-5A Freedom Fighter. Na época a USAF não tinha necessidade de um caça deste tipo, no entanto mostrou interesse no projecto para substituição do T-33 Shooting Star na função de treino avançado.Foram construídos 3 protótipos, designados YT-38,voando o primeiro, pela primeira vez em 10 de março de 1959. Foi rapidamente aceite e os primeiros exemplares entregues em 1961, entrando ao serviço em 17 de Março desse ano. Desde então foram construídas 1 187 unidades até 1972 quando terminou a sua produção. Em 2001 começaram a ser recebidos pela AETC (comando de treino da USAF)a versão T-38C ao abrigo de um programa de upgrade de aviônicos e modernização do sistema propulsor e respectiva célula que prevê o prolongamento da sua vida útil até ao ano 2020. (pt) Нортроп T-38 «Тэлон» (англ. Northrop T-38 Talon — Коготь) — американский двухместный сверхзвуковой учебный реактивный самолёт. Первый полёт состоялся 10 марта 1959 года. 17 марта 1961 года первые самолёты поступили на вооружение учебных военно-воздушных подразделений. T-38 «Тэлон» используется в основном для подготовки пилотов. В распоряжении ВВС США находится около 500 самолётов этого типа. Всего построено 1187 экземпляров. С помощью T-38 было подготовлено около 75 000 пилотов. Общий налёт T-38 на сегодняшний день составляет примерно 13 миллионов часов. Это также основной учебный реактивный самолёт астронавтов НАСА. Один из лётчиков НАСА установил рекорд, налетав 9200 часов на T-38. Самолёт остаётся в строю и по сей день. На основе «Тэлона» был разработан лёгкий истребитель F-5. С 2024 года ВВС США планируют заменить Т-38 на Boeing T-7 Red Hawk (ru) T-38教练机是一架雙座超音速雙發噴射機，在美國空軍作為運用，機隊經過多度改良，在美軍中已服役50多年。 (zh) Нортроп Т-38 «Телон» (англ. Northrop T-38 Talon) — американський двомісний надзвуковий навчальний реактивний літак. Перший політ відбувся 10 березня 1959 року. 17 березня 1961 року перші літаки поступили на озброєння навчальних військово-повітряних підрозділів. T-38 «Телон» використовують в основному для підготовки пілотів. У розпорядженні ВПС США знаходиться близько 500 літаків цього типу. Всього побудовано 1187 примірників. За допомогою T-38 було підготовлено близько 75 000 пілотів. Загальний наліт T-38 на сьогодні становить близько 13 000 000 годин. Це також основний навчальний реактивний літак астронавтів НАСА. Один з льотчиків НАСА встановив рекорд, налітавши понад 9200 годин на T-38. Літак і нині залишається в лавах. На основі «Телон» був розроблений легкий винищувач F-5. (uk) |
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نورثروب تي-38 تالون (بالإنجليزية: Northrop T-38 Talon) هي طائرة تدريب أنتجت في 1961 بالولايات المتحدة. من صناعة نورثروب. كانت تستخدم بشكل أساسي من قبل القوات الجوية الأمريكية. كان أول طيران لها في 10 مارس 1959. دخلت الخدمة في 17 مارس 1961، انتهت خدمتها في 1993. صنع منها 1,146 طائرة، وسعر الطائرة الواحدة منها هو 756,000 (1961 constant dollars), 5.879 مليون دولار (2013 dollars). (ar) Northrop T-38 Talon je americký nadzvukový proudový cvičný letoun. Byl prvním nadzvukovým cvičným letounem vůbec a stal se v této kategorii i nejrozšířenějším. Letouny T-38 jsou stále provozovány řadou letectev, včetně USA, které jich dosud provozují nejvíce. Z konstrukce T-38 vychází lehké stíhací letouny Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter a typy z něj odvozené. V roce 2019 byl T-38 v provozu už více než 50 let u původního operátora, letectva Spojených států. V září 2018 letectvo oznámilo nahrazení Talonu letounem Boeing T-7 Red Hawk s postupným vyřazováním, které má začít v roce 2023. (cs) Die Northrop T-38 Talon ist ein zweistrahliger Trainer des US-amerikanischen Herstellers Northrop Corporation für Militärpiloten. Sie war das erste Schulflugzeug der Welt für Überschallgeschwindigkeit und ist noch immer im Dienst, soll aber in der United States Air Force durch den Gewinner des T-X-Programms abgelöst werden. (de) El Northrop T-38 Talon es un avión de entrenamiento avanzado usado normalmente para la enseñanza de técnicas a velocidades supersónicas, acrobacias, formación, vuelos nocturnos por instrumentación y navegación a pilotos recién graduados. En Estados Unidos, más de 60 000 pilotos lo han usado como entrenador. El T-38 Talon también es utilizado por la NASA para entrenar a sus astronautas. (es) Le Northrop T-38 Talon est un avion d'entraînement construit aux États-Unis durant les années 1960. Utilisé pour former les pilotes militaires et les astronautes de la NASA, il fut le premier avion d'entraînement supersonique et a été produit à plus de 1 100 exemplaires. Encore largement en service en 2021, il est considéré comme l'un des avions supersoniques les plus sûrs. On estime que plus de 60 000 pilotes ont été formés avec cet appareil. (fr) Northrop T-38 Talon adalah pesawat jet latih (trainer) sayap rendah (low wing) yang dibuat di Amerika Serikat selama tahun 1960-an. Digunakan untuk melatih pilot militer dan astronaut dari NASA, ia adalah pesawat jet latih (trainer) pertama supersonik dan diproduksi lebih dari 1100 buah. Masih banyak digunakan sampai saat ini, yang dianggap sebagai salah satu pesawat jet supersonik paling aman. Diperkirakan bahwa lebih dari 60.000 pilot telah dilatih dengan perangkat jet ini. (in) T-38はアメリカ合衆国のノースロップ（現・ノースロップ・グラマン）社が開発した練習機。愛称はタロン(Talon：猛禽類の鉤爪の意)。 練習機ながらアフターバーナーを装備し、超音速を発揮できる。優秀な双発ジェットの高等練習機として高く評価され、総数1,000機以上が生産された。 (ja) T-38 탤론은 1950년대 노스롭사의 경량 전투기 프로젝트(the N-156 project:후에 F-5가 됨)의 훈련기 버전으로 개발되었다. 경량전투기(F-5)의 개발은 되었지만, 미국은 당시 그런 전투기가 필요 없었다. 그래서 그것을 훈련기로 생산, T-33 훈련기를 교체하였다. 세계 최초의 초음속 제트 훈련기이며, 2005년까지 운용될 예정이다. 세계에서 가장 많이 팔린 초음속 훈련기이다. 제트 훈련기로서의 최초는 아니다. 이전에도 T-2 등의 제트 훈련기가 존재했다. 음속을 돌파하는 제트 훈련기는 탤론이 최초이다. 한국은 T-38을 대체하기 위해 T-50 골든이글을 개발완료하고, 2005년 말부터 대량생산 중이다. (ko) Northrop T-38 Talon – amerykański ponaddźwiękowy samolot szkolno-treningowy, pierwsza tego typu maszyna na świecie zbudowana dla celów szkolenia pilotów do lotów z prędkościami ponaddźwiękowymi. (pl) T-38教练机是一架雙座超音速雙發噴射機，在美國空軍作為運用，機隊經過多度改良，在美軍中已服役50多年。 (zh) The Northrop T-38 Talon is a two-seat, twinjet supersonic jet trainer. It was the world's first, and the most produced, supersonic trainer. The T-38 remains in service as of 2022 in several air forces. As of 2022, the T-38 has been in service for over 60 years with its original operator, the United States Air Force. In September 2018, USAF announced the replacement of the Talon by the Boeing-Saab T-7 Red Hawk with phaseout to begin in 2023. (en) Il Northrop T-38 Talon è un bimotore a getto da addestramento con capacità supersonica prodotto dall'azienda statunitense Northrop Corporation dal 1961 al 1972. È stato l'addestratore supersonico prodotto per primo e in maggior quantità. Resta in servizio anche nel 2014 nelle forze aeree nel mondo inclusa l'United States Air Force (USAF), che resta il suo maggior utilizzatore. (it) De Northrop T-38 Talon is een Amerikaans supersonisch lesvliegtuig. Het was het eerste en ook het meest geproduceerde supersonische lesvliegtuig ter wereld. Het toestel kreeg daarom de bijnaam white rocket. Het toestel wordt gebruikt door de USAF, de NASA – als een lestoestel voor astronauten – en de US Navy (Naval Test Pilot School). Ook diverse NATO luchtmachten (waaronder ook de Nederlandse Koninklijke Luchtmacht) maakten en maken er nog steeds gebruik van. In 2003 waren nog 562 T-38's operationeel en verwacht wordt dat ze tot 2020 zullen worden gebruikt. (nl) O Northrop T-38 Talon é um avião supersónico de treinamento avançado. Tendo sido o primeiro avião de treino supersônico em todo o mundo e o primeiro da Força Aérea Portuguesa a ter capacidade supersónica. É ainda o mais fabricado (na sua categoria) e continua em 2010 ao serviço de várias Forças Armadas do mundo. Em 2001 começaram a ser recebidos pela AETC (comando de treino da USAF)a versão T-38C ao abrigo de um programa de upgrade de aviônicos e modernização do sistema propulsor e respectiva célula que prevê o prolongamento da sua vida útil até ao ano 2020. (pt) Нортроп Т-38 «Телон» (англ. Northrop T-38 Talon) — американський двомісний надзвуковий навчальний реактивний літак. Перший політ відбувся 10 березня 1959 року. 17 березня 1961 року перші літаки поступили на озброєння навчальних військово-повітряних підрозділів. T-38 «Телон» використовують в основному для підготовки пілотів. У розпорядженні ВПС США знаходиться близько 500 літаків цього типу. Всього побудовано 1187 примірників. На основі «Телон» був розроблений легкий винищувач F-5. (uk) Нортроп T-38 «Тэлон» (англ. Northrop T-38 Talon — Коготь) — американский двухместный сверхзвуковой учебный реактивный самолёт. Первый полёт состоялся 10 марта 1959 года. 17 марта 1961 года первые самолёты поступили на вооружение учебных военно-воздушных подразделений. T-38 «Тэлон» используется в основном для подготовки пилотов. В распоряжении ВВС США находится около 500 самолётов этого типа. Всего построено 1187 экземпляров. На основе «Тэлона» был разработан лёгкий истребитель F-5. С 2024 года ВВС США планируют заменить Т-38 на Boeing T-7 Red Hawk (ru) |
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نورثروب تي-38 تالون (ar) Northrop T-38 Talon (cs) Northrop T-38 (de) Northrop T-38 Talon (en) Northrop T-38 Talon (es) Northrop T-38 Talon (in) Northrop T-38 Talon (fr) Northrop T-38 Talon (it) T-38 탤론 (ko) T-38 (航空機) (ja) Northrop T-38 Talon (nl) Northrop T-38 Talon (pl) Northrop T-38 Talon (pt) Northrop T-38 Talon (ru) Northrop T-38 Talon (uk) T-38教练机 (zh) |
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dbr:Michael_E._Stencel dbr:Michael_S._Hopkins dbr:Michelle_D._Johnson dbr:Mid-America_Air_Museum dbr:Mighty_Planes dbr:National_Naval_Aviation_Museum dbr:Olga_E._Custodio dbr:Ralph_T._Browning dbr:Randolph_Air_Force_Base dbr:Raymond_E._Johns_Jr. dbr:Sheppard_Air_Force_Base dbr:Yanks_Air_Museum dbr:Sandra_Scott_(pilot) dbr:VF-43 dbr:List_of_spaceflight_non-fatal_training_accidents |
| is dbp:aircraftAttack of |
dbr:VFA-127 |
| is dbp:aircraftTrainer of |
dbr:103_Squadron_(Portugal) dbr:German_Air_Force dbr:415th_Flight_Test_Flight dbr:4477th_Test_and_Evaluation_Squadron dbr:Air_Education_and_Training_Command |
| is dbp:aircraftType of |
dbr:1966_NASA_T-38_crash dbr:1982_Thunderbirds_Indian_Springs_Diamond_Crash |
| is dbp:developedFrom of |
dbr:Northrop_F-5 |
| is dbp:equipment of |
dbr:VF-43 |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of |
wikipedia-en:Northrop_T-38_Talon |
