Posse comitatus (original) (raw)
Posse comitatus je všeobecné právo místní autority (v západních a speciálně anglofonních zemích oblastního šerifa) povolat domobranu z mužů starších 18 let za účelem udržení pořádku nebo pronásledování a zadržení zločince (tzv. hutesium et clamor). Je ekvivalentem povolání milice pro vojenské účely u „zákon-vynucujících“ státních složek.
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| dbo:abstract | Posse comitatus je všeobecné právo místní autority (v západních a speciálně anglofonních zemích oblastního šerifa) povolat domobranu z mužů starších 18 let za účelem udržení pořádku nebo pronásledování a zadržení zločince (tzv. hutesium et clamor). Je ekvivalentem povolání milice pro vojenské účely u „zákon-vynucujících“ státních složek. (cs) Posse comitatus est le droit donné à un shérif ou à un autre officier de police aux États-Unis d'enrôler des hommes pour l'assister dans le maintien de la paix ou dans la poursuite et l'arrestation de hors-la-loi. Ce droit, inclus au départ dans la loi anglaise, a survécu longtemps dans le droit américain. (fr) The posse comitatus (from the Latin for "power of the county/community/guard"), frequently shortened to posse, is in common law a group of people mobilized by the conservator of peace – typically a reeve, sheriff, chief, or another special/regional designee like an officer of the peace potentially accompanied by or with the direction of a justice or ajudged parajudicial process given imminence of actual damage – to suppress lawlessness, defend the people, or otherwise protect the place, property, and public welfare (see also ethical law enforcement (police by consent etc.)). The posse comitatus as an English jurisprudentially defined doctrine dates back to ninth-century England and the campaigns of Alfred the Great (and before in ancient custom and law of locally martialed forces) simultaneous thereafter with the officiation of sheriff nomination to keep the regnant peace (known as "the queen/king's peace"). Justus Causus is everpresently necessary in establishing, forming, or calling up a posse and can never be the basis for the very lawlessness or subversion of order this legal maxim is intended to subdue and defend against. (en) La locuzione posse comitatus (in latino, "forza della contea", indicante una sorta di milizia locale), negli ordinamenti di common law, si riferiva all'autorità conferita allo sceriffo della contea di arruolare qualunque individuo maschile, fisicamente abile e in maggiore età, per assisterlo nel mantenimento dell'ordine pubblico, nell'inseguimento e arresto di un criminale. (it) Posse comitatus is (met name in de Verenigde Staten) de bevoegdheid van het hoofd van de lokale politie om groepen burgers (tijdelijk) te rekruteren om verdachten en misdadigers op te sporen en aan te houden. Verkort tot posse kan het begrip ook slaan op die groep 'burgerwachten', en bij uitbreiding worden er wel andere groepjes of cliques mee bedoeld, zoals in de hiphop. Letterlijk is posse comitatus Latijn voor 'macht (of kracht) van het graafschap'. Oorspronkelijk verwees dit in het Engelse recht naar de mannen van 15 jaar en ouder die konden worden opgeroepen om tijdelijk politietaken of militaire taken voor het graafschap te vervullen. Dit kwam mee met de Engelse kolonisten in de latere Verenigde Staten, en werd uiteindelijk gecodificeerd in de Sheriff's Act van 1887. (nl) Окружной отряд или отряд графства (лат. Posse comitatus; англ. power of the county) — в странах общего права (Великобритания и США) группа людей, призванная блюстителем порядка, как правило шерифом, для пресечения противоправной деятельности и/или защиты округа/графства. (ru) Posse comitatus är ett latinskt uttryck som betyder "samhällets makt" och i länder med common law-system betecknar den fullmakt som ordningsmakten har för att vid behov tillfälligt rekrytera medlemmar ur allmänheten för att hjälpa till att tillfångata en brottsling. (sv) |
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| rdfs:comment | Posse comitatus je všeobecné právo místní autority (v západních a speciálně anglofonních zemích oblastního šerifa) povolat domobranu z mužů starších 18 let za účelem udržení pořádku nebo pronásledování a zadržení zločince (tzv. hutesium et clamor). Je ekvivalentem povolání milice pro vojenské účely u „zákon-vynucujících“ státních složek. (cs) Posse comitatus est le droit donné à un shérif ou à un autre officier de police aux États-Unis d'enrôler des hommes pour l'assister dans le maintien de la paix ou dans la poursuite et l'arrestation de hors-la-loi. Ce droit, inclus au départ dans la loi anglaise, a survécu longtemps dans le droit américain. (fr) La locuzione posse comitatus (in latino, "forza della contea", indicante una sorta di milizia locale), negli ordinamenti di common law, si riferiva all'autorità conferita allo sceriffo della contea di arruolare qualunque individuo maschile, fisicamente abile e in maggiore età, per assisterlo nel mantenimento dell'ordine pubblico, nell'inseguimento e arresto di un criminale. (it) Окружной отряд или отряд графства (лат. Posse comitatus; англ. power of the county) — в странах общего права (Великобритания и США) группа людей, призванная блюстителем порядка, как правило шерифом, для пресечения противоправной деятельности и/или защиты округа/графства. (ru) Posse comitatus är ett latinskt uttryck som betyder "samhällets makt" och i länder med common law-system betecknar den fullmakt som ordningsmakten har för att vid behov tillfälligt rekrytera medlemmar ur allmänheten för att hjälpa till att tillfångata en brottsling. (sv) The posse comitatus (from the Latin for "power of the county/community/guard"), frequently shortened to posse, is in common law a group of people mobilized by the conservator of peace – typically a reeve, sheriff, chief, or another special/regional designee like an officer of the peace potentially accompanied by or with the direction of a justice or ajudged parajudicial process given imminence of actual damage – to suppress lawlessness, defend the people, or otherwise protect the place, property, and public welfare (see also ethical law enforcement (police by consent etc.)). The posse comitatus as an English jurisprudentially defined doctrine dates back to ninth-century England and the campaigns of Alfred the Great (and before in ancient custom and law of locally martialed forces) simultan (en) Posse comitatus is (met name in de Verenigde Staten) de bevoegdheid van het hoofd van de lokale politie om groepen burgers (tijdelijk) te rekruteren om verdachten en misdadigers op te sporen en aan te houden. Verkort tot posse kan het begrip ook slaan op die groep 'burgerwachten', en bij uitbreiding worden er wel andere groepjes of cliques mee bedoeld, zoals in de hiphop. (nl) |
| rdfs:label | Posse comitatus (cs) Posse comitatus (fr) Posse comitatus (it) Posse comitatus (nl) Posse comitatus (en) Posse comitatus (ru) Posse comitatus (sv) |
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