United States Secretary of Defense (original) (raw)
El Secretari de Defensa dels Estats Units és el director del Departament de Defensa dels Estats Units. És elegit pel President dels Estats Units amb el vistiplau del Senat, i és membre del gabinet del president. El secretari ha de ser civil i no haver servit en les forces armades durant els últims deu anys. El secretari de Defensa és el sisè en la línia successòria de la presidència.
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| dbo:abstract | El Secretari de Defensa dels Estats Units és el director del Departament de Defensa dels Estats Units. És elegit pel President dels Estats Units amb el vistiplau del Senat, i és membre del gabinet del president. El secretari ha de ser civil i no haver servit en les forces armades durant els últims deu anys. El secretari de Defensa és el sisè en la línia successòria de la presidència. (ca) Ministr obrany Spojených států amerických (anglicky: United States Secretary of Defense, zkráceně SecDef) je členem americké vlády, stojící v čele Ministerstva obrany Spojených států amerických. Ministr má v agendě ozbrojené síly a vojenské záležitosti. Jeho pozice zhruba odpovídá pozici ministra obrany v jiných zemích. Ministrovou úlohou je být hlavním vojenským poradcem prezidenta, formulovat obecnou obrannou politiku týkajících se všech záležitostí bezprostředně a primárně souvisejících s ministerstvem obrany a provádět schválenou politiku. Ministr obrany je jmenován prezidentem se souhlasem Senátu a je členem vlády. Podle zákona 10 U.S.C. § 113 musí být ministr obrany civilista, který není nejméně sedm let v aktivní vojenské službě. Ministr obrany je šestý v nástupnickém pořadí na post prezidenta. Jeho roční plat je 226 300 amerických dolarů. Současným ministrem obrany je Lloyd Austin. (cs) وزير الدفاع الأمريكي هو رئيس والمدير التنفيذي لوزارة الدفاع الأمريكية، وهذا المنصب يتطابق مع ما هو معروف عموما عن وزراء الدفاع في العديد من البلدان الأخرى. ويعين وزير الدفاع من قبل رئيس الولايات المتحدة بمشورة وموافقة مجلس الشيوخ، وصاحب هذا المنصب بموجب القانون يعتبر عضواً في مجلس الأمن القومي الأمريكي. وزير الدفاع الأمريكي هو مكتب قانوني، وعلى وزير الدفاع حقوق وسلطة توجيه وزارة الدفاع الأمريكية، وعلى حامل المنصب أن يعين مساعدين للمشورة. يعتبر عموماً وزراء الدفاع، الخارجية، وزير الخزانة أو المالية، وزير الأمن الداخلي، أهم أربعة وزراء بسبب أهمية وزاراتهم،. ولذلك يتقاضى وزير الدفاع راتب المستوى الأول، وبالتالي يحصل على راتب قدره 199700 دولار أمريكي في السنة. وزير الدفاع الحالي هو لويد أوستن وتولى المنصب في 22 يناير 2021. (ar) Als Secretary of Defense (SecDef, deutsch „Verteidigungsminister“) wird in den Vereinigten Staaten der Leiter des Verteidigungsministeriums der Vereinigten Staaten (United States Department of Defense) bezeichnet. Das Amt entspricht dem, was in den meisten Ländern als Verteidigungsminister bezeichnet wird. Als ein Vorläufer kann das Amt des Kriegsministers (Secretary of War) angesehen werden. (de) Ο Υπουργός Άμυνας των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών (αγγλ. United States Secretary of Defense) είναι ο επικεφαλής και εκτελεστικός διευθύνων σύμβουλος του Υπουργείου Άμυνας των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών. Η θέση διοίκησης και εξουσίας του υπουργού Άμυνας είναι η δεύτερη επί των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων των ΗΠΑ, ύστερα από τον Πρόεδρο των ΗΠΑ (αρχιστράτηγο). Η θέση του "Γραμματέα της Άμυνας" (Υπουργού Άμυνας), δημιουργήθηκε στο 1947, αφού μέχρι τότε η θέση διαιρούνταν στον "Υπουργό Πολέμου" και στον "Υπουργό του Ναυτικού". Είναι ανάλογη με αυτή των υπόλοιπων υπουργών Άμυνας άλλων κρατών. Μαζί με τον Υπουργό Εξωτερικών, τον Υπουργό Οικονομικών και τον Γενικό Εισαγγελέα, είναι οι πιο σημαντικοί υπουργοί της ομοσπονδιακής κυβέρνησης των ΗΠΑ, λόγω της φύσης και της σημασίας των αντικειμένων τους. Από τις 22 Ιανουαρίου 2021, ο Αφροαμερικανός στρατηγός εν αποστρατεία Λόιντ Τζ. Όστιν από την Τζόρτζια, υπηρετεί ως 28ος Υπουργός Άμυνας των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών. (el) La Usona Sekretario de Defendo (angle United States Secretary of Defense, mallonge SecDef) estas la estro de la Departmento de Defendo. Nur la prezidanto mem superas la sekretario en la administra kaj operacia regado de la Armitaj Fortoj de Usono. (eo) El secretario de Defensa de los Estados Unidos (United States Secretary of Defense) es el director del Departamento de Defensa. Es elegido por el presidente de los Estados Unidos con el visto bueno del Senado, y es miembro del gabinete del presidente. El secretario debe ser civil y no haber servido en las fuerzas armadas durante los últimos diez años, aunque este requisito puede ser omitido por el congreso bajo una exención, como el caso del actual secretario Lloyd Austin. El secretario de Defensa es el sexto en la línea sucesoria de la presidencia. (es) Menteri Pertahanan Amerika Serikat (bahasa Inggris: United States Secretary Of Defense) adalah kepala Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat (Dephan) yang bertanggung jawab dalam masalah angkatan bersenjata dan militer. Menteri Pertahanan bertugas sebagai penasihat tertinggi kebijakan pertahanan bagi sang Presiden, menyusun kebijakan pertahanan secara umum dan segala kebijakan yang terkait dengan Dephan, serta menjalankan kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan. Menteri Pertahanan dipilih oleh Presiden dengan persetujuan Senat dan merupakan anggota kabinet. Oleh undang-undang diharuskan bahwa sang menteri merupakan warga sipil yang tidak pernah bertugas dalam komponen aktif di angkatan bersenjata setidaknya dalam 10 tahun terakhir (pengecualian kepada George Marshall yang menjadi Menteri Pertahanan pada tahun 1950 meski baru menjadi warga sipil pada tahun 1945). (in) Le secrétaire à la Défense des États-Unis est membre du Cabinet du président des États-Unis et dirige le département de la Défense des États-Unis (en anglais : United States Department of Defense, abrégé DoD), responsable des affaires militaires et des Forces armées des États-Unis. Il est équivalent à ce que l'on nommerait dans d'autres pays « ministre de la Défense ». (fr) アメリカ合衆国国防長官（アメリカがっしゅうこくこくぼうちょうかん、英語: Secretary of Defense of the United States）は、アメリカ合衆国の連邦政府において国防政策を担当し、国防総省の長としてアメリカ軍（陸軍、海軍、空軍、海兵隊、宇宙軍）および州兵を統括する行政府の長官である。列国における国防大臣に相当する。 (ja) The United States secretary of defense (SecDef) is the head of the United States Department of Defense, the executive department of the U.S. Armed Forces, and is a high ranking member of the federal cabinet. The secretary of defense's position of command and authority over the military is second only to that of the president of the United States, who is the commander-in-chief. This position corresponds to what is generally known as a defense minister in many other countries. The secretary of defense is appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate, and is by custom a member of the Cabinet and by law a member of the National Security Council. The secretary of defense is a statutory office, and the general provision in 10 U.S.C. § 113 provides that "subject to the direction of the President", its occupant has "authority, direction, and control over the Department of Defense". The same statute further designates the secretary as "the principal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the Department of Defense". To ensure civilian control of the military, no one may be appointed as the secretary of defense within seven years of serving as a commissioned officer of a regular military component (i.e., non-reserve) without a waiver from Congress. Subject only to the orders of the president, the secretary of defense is in the chain of command and exercises command and control, for both operational and administrative purposes, over all service branches administered by the Department of Defense – the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Space Force – as well as the Coast Guard when its command and control is transferred to the Department of Defense. Only the secretary of defense (or the president or Congress) can authorize the transfer of operational control of forces between the three military departments (Department of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force) and the eleven Unified Combatant Commands. Because the secretary of defense is vested with legal powers that exceed those of any commissioned officer, and is second only to the president in the military hierarchy, its incumbent has sometimes unofficially been referred to as "deputy commander-in-chief". The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the principal military adviser to the secretary of defense and the president; while the chairman may assist the secretary and president in their command functions, the chairman is not in the chain of command. The secretary of state, the secretary of the treasury, the secretary of defense, and the attorney general are generally regarded as the four most important (and are officially the four most senior and oldest) cabinet officials because of the size and importance of their respective departments.The current secretary of defense is retired general Lloyd Austin, who is the first African American to serve in the position. (en) 미국의 국방장관(영어: United States Secretary of Defense)은 미국 연방 정부의 국방정책을 담당하며, 미국 국방부의 장으로서 미군(육·해·공군·해병대) 및 주 방위군을 통괄하는 행정 장관이다. (ko) Il segretario della difesa degli Stati Uniti d'America (in inglese: Secretary of the Defense of the United States of America) è il capo del Dipartimento della difesa. La sua funzione è quella di definire la politica militare del paese e di essere il consigliere principale per gli affari militari del presidente degli Stati Uniti d'America. Ha competenza su le forze armate statunitensi sia civili che militari. La nomina del segretario della difesa spetta al presidente; la sua nomina deve essere poi ratificata dal Senato statunitense. Il segretario della difesa è il sesto nella linea di successione del presidente. (it) Sekretarz obrony Stanów Zjednoczonych (ang. United States Secretary of Defense) – szef Departamentu Obrony Stanów Zjednoczonych, członek gabinetu prezydenckiego. Sekretarz obrony mianowany jest i odwoływany z urzędu przez prezydenta, podobnie jednak jak każdy inny członek gabinetu, sekretarz obrony musi uzyskać aprobatę Senatu Stanów Zjednoczonych. Sekretarz obrony zastąpił dawnego sekretarza wojny. Po reorganizacji w 1947 roku podlega mu również poprzednio niezależny sekretarz marynarki wojennej. Sekretarz obrony jest na szóstym miejscu – za wiceprezydentem, spikerem Izby Reprezentantów, przewodniczącym pro tempore Senatu, sekretarzem stanu oraz sekretarzem skarbu – w linii sukcesji prezydenckiej. Sekretarz i prezydent mają wyłączne prawo użycia strategicznej broni jądrowej, przy czym sekretarz nie może zrobić nic bez autoryzacji szefa państwa. (pl) De minister van Defensie (Engels: Secretary of Defense) leidt het ministerie van Defensie van de Verenigde Staten. De huidige minister van Defensie sinds 22 januari 2021 is Lloyd Austin. Deze ministerspost bestaat sinds 1947, toen de ministeries van Oorlog en de marine samen met de nieuw gevormde luchtmacht werden samengevoegd tot één ministerie van Defensie. (nl) USA:s försvarsminister (engelska: Secretary of Defense) är chef för försvarsdepartementet (Department of Defense), samt är presidentens främste rådgivare i samtliga frågor som berör försvarsdepartementet (”principal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the Department of Defense”). Ministerstyre råder och beteckningen försvarsdepartementet inkluderar alla dess underlydande myndigheter, enheter och förband. Försvarsministern utnämns av presidenten efter att senatens råd och samtycke erhållits. Behörighetskravet för att kunna utnämnas till USA:s försvarsminister är att personen ifråga inte har tjänstgjort som officer på aktiv stat i någon av USA:s väpnade styrkor närmare än sju år före tillträdesdatumet. Under överinseende av presidenten – i dennes grundlagsstadgade roll som krigsmaktens högste befälhavare – och kongressen – i dess grundlagsstadgade roll som lagstiftare och anslagsbeviljare – leder försvarsministern försvarsdepartmentet och de väpnade styrkorna däri. Försvarsministern är ledamot av både kabinettet och nationella säkerhetsrådet samt anses vara en av de fyra viktigaste ministerposterna tillsammans med utrikesministern, finansministern och justitieministern. Den mest naturliga rivalen bland kabinettsledamöterna i sakfrågor är utrikesministern och vid flera tidpunkter har det förekommit spänningar mellan de bägge respektive ämbetsinnehavarna som blivit allmänt kända i pressen, till exempel mellan Caspar Weinberger och George Shultz i Ronald Reagans regering och mellan Donald Rumsfeld och Colin Powell i George W. Bushs regering. Den nuvarande försvarsministern är Lloyd Austin, som är den första afroamerikanen som innehar posten. (sv) O Secretário de Defesa (SecDef) é o chefe do Departamento de Defesa dos Estados Unidos, o departamento executivo das Forças Armadas dos Estados Unidos, e é um membro de alto escalão do gabinete federal. A posição de comando e autoridade do secretário de defesa sobre as forças armadas fica atrás apenas do presidente dos Estados Unidos, que é o comandante-em-chefe. Esta posição corresponde ao que é geralmente conhecido como ministro da defesa em muitos outros países. O secretário de defesa é nomeado pelo presidente com o conselho e consentimento do Senado, e é por costume membro do Gabinete e por lei membro do Conselho de Segurança Nacional. O secretário de defesa é um cargo estatutário, e a disposição geral em 10 USC § 113 prevê que "sujeito à direção do presidente", seu ocupante tem "autoridade, direção e controle sobre o Departamento de Defesa". O mesmo estatuto designa ainda o secretário como "o principal assistente do Presidente em todos os assuntos relativos ao Departamento de Defesa". Para garantir o controle civil das forças armadas, ninguém pode ser nomeado secretário de defesa dentro de sete anos de serviço como oficial comissionado de um componente militar regular (ou seja, não-reserva) sem uma renúncia do Congresso. Sujeito apenas às ordens do presidente, o secretário de Defesa está na cadeia de comando e exerce comando e controle, tanto para fins operacionais quanto administrativos, sobre todos os ramos de serviço administrados pelo Departamento de Defesa – Exército, Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais, Marinha, Força Aérea e Força Espacial – bem como a Guarda Costeira quando seu comando e controle são transferidos para o Departamento de Defesa. Somente o secretário de Defesa (ou o presidente ou o Congresso) pode autorizar a transferência do controle operacional das forças entre os três departamentos militares (Departamento do Exército, Marinha e Aeronáutica) e os onze Comandos Combatentes Unificados. Como o secretário de defesa é investido de poderes legais que excedem os de qualquer oficial comissionado, e perde apenas para o presidente na hierarquia militar, seu titular às vezes tem sido oficialmente referido como "vice-comandante-em-chefe". O presidente do Estado-Maior Conjunto é o principal assessor militar do secretário de defesa e do presidente; embora o presidente possa auxiliar o secretário e o presidente em suas funções de comando, o presidente não está na cadeia de comando. O secretário de Estado, o secretário do Tesouro, o secretário de Defesa e o procurador-geral são geralmente considerados os quatro funcionários mais importantes do gabinete devido ao tamanho e importância de seus respectivos departamentos. O atual secretário de defesa é o general aposentado Lloyd Austin, que é o primeiro afro-americano a servir no cargo. (pt) Министр оборо́ны США (англ. United States Secretary of Defense) — официально принятое в русском языке наименование министерской должности в Кабинете президента США, ответственного за все вопросы в сфере руководства Вооружёнными силами США в мирное и военное время. Является главой Министерства обороны США. Дословно название должности переводится как секретарь по обороне, термины министерство и министр в США не используются (вместо них применяются термины департамент и секретарь соответственно). Назначается президентом с одобрения Сената. По закону министром обороны США не может быть назначен гражданин, в течение семи лет после освобождения от действительной службы в качестве офицера регулярных частей Вооружённых сил США (10-й свод законов США, раздел 113). Министр обороны по иерархии является седьмым человеком в государстве и шестым в порядке наследования полномочий президента. Эта должность появилась в 1947 году, когда военно-морские силы, армию и недавно созданные военно-воздушные силы были объединены в национальное военное ведомство (National Military Establishment). В результате крупной реорганизации министры армии США (сухопутных сил) (Department of the Army), ВВС (Department of the Air Force) и ВМС (Department of the Navy) перестали являться членами кабинета министров и были подчинены министру обороны. В 1949 году национальное военное ведомство было переименовано в министерство обороны, это название сохранилось до сих пор. Внутри вооружённых сил США министра обороны часто называют сокращённо СекДеф (Secretary of Defense — SecDef). Министр обороны и президент США вместе составляют Уполномоченное национальное командование (National Command Authority — NCA), которое может привести в действие стратегическое ядерное оружие. Всё ядерное вооружение подчиняется правилу двух человек (two-man rule), согласно которому они оба должны приказать привести в действие ядерные силы, чтобы приказ был выполнен. Министр обороны является главой Министерства обороны. Непосредственно ему подчиняются: * заместитель министра обороны, заместитель министра обороны по материально-техническому обеспечению (Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics), * заместитель министра обороны (комптроллер/главный финансовый инспектор) (Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)), * глава разведывательного управления, заместитель министра обороны по кадрам и боевой готовности (Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness) * заместитель министра обороны по военно-политическим вопросам (Under Secretary of Defense for Policy). Всех этих заместителей должен утверждать Сенат. Министру обороны США подчиняются шесть глав Объединенного комитета начальников штабов (Joint Chiefs of Staff), а также он командует девятью объединёнными командирами. (ru) 美國國防部長（英語：United States Secretary of Defense）是美国國防部（U.S. Department of Defense）的首長，處理軍事方面相關事務。國防部長的角色是擔任總統的主要國防政策顧問，並負責規劃一般國防政策和與國防部相關的其他政策與執行獲得認可的政策。國防部長由總統提名並經參議院批准同意，屬於內閣閣員，而國防部長在總統繼任順序中排序第六。根據1947年国家安全法案，國防部長必須是至少在七年內未加入任何現役美軍部隊的平民（10 USC Sec. 113 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）；此外，美国国会通過三項豁免，第一次是讓1945年才退役的喬治·馬歇爾能在1950年合法擔任國防部長，第二次是讓2013年才退役的詹姆斯·马蒂斯能在2017年合法擔任國防部長，第三次是讓2016年才退役的勞合·奧斯丁能在2021年合法擔任國防部長）。 (zh) Міні́стр оборо́ни США або Секретар оборони США (англ. United States Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) — вища посадова особа міністерства оборони США, яка відповідає за усі види збройних сил США і питання національної безпеки. Призначається президентом США із схвалення Сенату і є членом кабінету міністрів. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | El Secretari de Defensa dels Estats Units és el director del Departament de Defensa dels Estats Units. És elegit pel President dels Estats Units amb el vistiplau del Senat, i és membre del gabinet del president. El secretari ha de ser civil i no haver servit en les forces armades durant els últims deu anys. El secretari de Defensa és el sisè en la línia successòria de la presidència. (ca) وزير الدفاع الأمريكي هو رئيس والمدير التنفيذي لوزارة الدفاع الأمريكية، وهذا المنصب يتطابق مع ما هو معروف عموما عن وزراء الدفاع في العديد من البلدان الأخرى. ويعين وزير الدفاع من قبل رئيس الولايات المتحدة بمشورة وموافقة مجلس الشيوخ، وصاحب هذا المنصب بموجب القانون يعتبر عضواً في مجلس الأمن القومي الأمريكي. وزير الدفاع الأمريكي هو مكتب قانوني، وعلى وزير الدفاع حقوق وسلطة توجيه وزارة الدفاع الأمريكية، وعلى حامل المنصب أن يعين مساعدين للمشورة. يعتبر عموماً وزراء الدفاع، الخارجية، وزير الخزانة أو المالية، وزير الأمن الداخلي، أهم أربعة وزراء بسبب أهمية وزاراتهم،. ولذلك يتقاضى وزير الدفاع راتب المستوى الأول، وبالتالي يحصل على راتب قدره 199700 دولار أمريكي في السنة. وزير الدفاع الحالي هو لويد أوستن وتولى المنصب في 22 يناير 2021. (ar) Als Secretary of Defense (SecDef, deutsch „Verteidigungsminister“) wird in den Vereinigten Staaten der Leiter des Verteidigungsministeriums der Vereinigten Staaten (United States Department of Defense) bezeichnet. Das Amt entspricht dem, was in den meisten Ländern als Verteidigungsminister bezeichnet wird. Als ein Vorläufer kann das Amt des Kriegsministers (Secretary of War) angesehen werden. (de) La Usona Sekretario de Defendo (angle United States Secretary of Defense, mallonge SecDef) estas la estro de la Departmento de Defendo. Nur la prezidanto mem superas la sekretario en la administra kaj operacia regado de la Armitaj Fortoj de Usono. (eo) El secretario de Defensa de los Estados Unidos (United States Secretary of Defense) es el director del Departamento de Defensa. Es elegido por el presidente de los Estados Unidos con el visto bueno del Senado, y es miembro del gabinete del presidente. El secretario debe ser civil y no haber servido en las fuerzas armadas durante los últimos diez años, aunque este requisito puede ser omitido por el congreso bajo una exención, como el caso del actual secretario Lloyd Austin. El secretario de Defensa es el sexto en la línea sucesoria de la presidencia. (es) Le secrétaire à la Défense des États-Unis est membre du Cabinet du président des États-Unis et dirige le département de la Défense des États-Unis (en anglais : United States Department of Defense, abrégé DoD), responsable des affaires militaires et des Forces armées des États-Unis. Il est équivalent à ce que l'on nommerait dans d'autres pays « ministre de la Défense ». (fr) アメリカ合衆国国防長官（アメリカがっしゅうこくこくぼうちょうかん、英語: Secretary of Defense of the United States）は、アメリカ合衆国の連邦政府において国防政策を担当し、国防総省の長としてアメリカ軍（陸軍、海軍、空軍、海兵隊、宇宙軍）および州兵を統括する行政府の長官である。列国における国防大臣に相当する。 (ja) 미국의 국방장관(영어: United States Secretary of Defense)은 미국 연방 정부의 국방정책을 담당하며, 미국 국방부의 장으로서 미군(육·해·공군·해병대) 및 주 방위군을 통괄하는 행정 장관이다. (ko) De minister van Defensie (Engels: Secretary of Defense) leidt het ministerie van Defensie van de Verenigde Staten. De huidige minister van Defensie sinds 22 januari 2021 is Lloyd Austin. Deze ministerspost bestaat sinds 1947, toen de ministeries van Oorlog en de marine samen met de nieuw gevormde luchtmacht werden samengevoegd tot één ministerie van Defensie. (nl) 美國國防部長（英語：United States Secretary of Defense）是美国國防部（U.S. Department of Defense）的首長，處理軍事方面相關事務。國防部長的角色是擔任總統的主要國防政策顧問，並負責規劃一般國防政策和與國防部相關的其他政策與執行獲得認可的政策。國防部長由總統提名並經參議院批准同意，屬於內閣閣員，而國防部長在總統繼任順序中排序第六。根據1947年国家安全法案，國防部長必須是至少在七年內未加入任何現役美軍部隊的平民（10 USC Sec. 113 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）；此外，美国国会通過三項豁免，第一次是讓1945年才退役的喬治·馬歇爾能在1950年合法擔任國防部長，第二次是讓2013年才退役的詹姆斯·马蒂斯能在2017年合法擔任國防部長，第三次是讓2016年才退役的勞合·奧斯丁能在2021年合法擔任國防部長）。 (zh) Міні́стр оборо́ни США або Секретар оборони США (англ. United States Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) — вища посадова особа міністерства оборони США, яка відповідає за усі види збройних сил США і питання національної безпеки. Призначається президентом США із схвалення Сенату і є членом кабінету міністрів. (uk) Ministr obrany Spojených států amerických (anglicky: United States Secretary of Defense, zkráceně SecDef) je členem americké vlády, stojící v čele Ministerstva obrany Spojených států amerických. Ministr má v agendě ozbrojené síly a vojenské záležitosti. Jeho pozice zhruba odpovídá pozici ministra obrany v jiných zemích. Ministrovou úlohou je být hlavním vojenským poradcem prezidenta, formulovat obecnou obrannou politiku týkajících se všech záležitostí bezprostředně a primárně souvisejících s ministerstvem obrany a provádět schválenou politiku. Ministr obrany je jmenován prezidentem se souhlasem Senátu a je členem vlády. Podle zákona 10 U.S.C. § 113 musí být ministr obrany civilista, který není nejméně sedm let v aktivní vojenské službě. Ministr obrany je šestý v nástupnickém pořadí na post (cs) Ο Υπουργός Άμυνας των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών (αγγλ. United States Secretary of Defense) είναι ο επικεφαλής και εκτελεστικός διευθύνων σύμβουλος του Υπουργείου Άμυνας των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών. Η θέση διοίκησης και εξουσίας του υπουργού Άμυνας είναι η δεύτερη επί των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων των ΗΠΑ, ύστερα από τον Πρόεδρο των ΗΠΑ (αρχιστράτηγο). Η θέση του "Γραμματέα της Άμυνας" (Υπουργού Άμυνας), δημιουργήθηκε στο 1947, αφού μέχρι τότε η θέση διαιρούνταν στον "Υπουργό Πολέμου" και στον "Υπουργό του Ναυτικού". Είναι ανάλογη με αυτή των υπόλοιπων υπουργών Άμυνας άλλων κρατών. (el) Menteri Pertahanan Amerika Serikat (bahasa Inggris: United States Secretary Of Defense) adalah kepala Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat (Dephan) yang bertanggung jawab dalam masalah angkatan bersenjata dan militer. Menteri Pertahanan bertugas sebagai penasihat tertinggi kebijakan pertahanan bagi sang Presiden, menyusun kebijakan pertahanan secara umum dan segala kebijakan yang terkait dengan Dephan, serta menjalankan kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan. Menteri Pertahanan dipilih oleh Presiden dengan persetujuan Senat dan merupakan anggota kabinet. Oleh undang-undang diharuskan bahwa sang menteri merupakan warga sipil yang tidak pernah bertugas dalam komponen aktif di angkatan bersenjata setidaknya dalam 10 tahun terakhir (pengecualian kepada George Marshall yang menjadi Menteri Pertahanan (in) Il segretario della difesa degli Stati Uniti d'America (in inglese: Secretary of the Defense of the United States of America) è il capo del Dipartimento della difesa. La sua funzione è quella di definire la politica militare del paese e di essere il consigliere principale per gli affari militari del presidente degli Stati Uniti d'America. Ha competenza su le forze armate statunitensi sia civili che militari. (it) The United States secretary of defense (SecDef) is the head of the United States Department of Defense, the executive department of the U.S. Armed Forces, and is a high ranking member of the federal cabinet. The secretary of defense's position of command and authority over the military is second only to that of the president of the United States, who is the commander-in-chief. This position corresponds to what is generally known as a defense minister in many other countries. The secretary of defense is appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate, and is by custom a member of the Cabinet and by law a member of the National Security Council. (en) Sekretarz obrony Stanów Zjednoczonych (ang. United States Secretary of Defense) – szef Departamentu Obrony Stanów Zjednoczonych, członek gabinetu prezydenckiego. Sekretarz obrony mianowany jest i odwoływany z urzędu przez prezydenta, podobnie jednak jak każdy inny członek gabinetu, sekretarz obrony musi uzyskać aprobatę Senatu Stanów Zjednoczonych. Sekretarz obrony zastąpił dawnego sekretarza wojny. Po reorganizacji w 1947 roku podlega mu również poprzednio niezależny sekretarz marynarki wojennej. Sekretarz obrony jest na szóstym miejscu – za wiceprezydentem, spikerem Izby Reprezentantów, przewodniczącym pro tempore Senatu, sekretarzem stanu oraz sekretarzem skarbu – w linii sukcesji prezydenckiej. Sekretarz i prezydent mają wyłączne prawo użycia strategicznej broni jądrowej, przy czym sek (pl) O Secretário de Defesa (SecDef) é o chefe do Departamento de Defesa dos Estados Unidos, o departamento executivo das Forças Armadas dos Estados Unidos, e é um membro de alto escalão do gabinete federal. A posição de comando e autoridade do secretário de defesa sobre as forças armadas fica atrás apenas do presidente dos Estados Unidos, que é o comandante-em-chefe. Esta posição corresponde ao que é geralmente conhecido como ministro da defesa em muitos outros países. O secretário de defesa é nomeado pelo presidente com o conselho e consentimento do Senado, e é por costume membro do Gabinete e por lei membro do Conselho de Segurança Nacional. (pt) USA:s försvarsminister (engelska: Secretary of Defense) är chef för försvarsdepartementet (Department of Defense), samt är presidentens främste rådgivare i samtliga frågor som berör försvarsdepartementet (”principal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the Department of Defense”). Ministerstyre råder och beteckningen försvarsdepartementet inkluderar alla dess underlydande myndigheter, enheter och förband. (sv) Министр оборо́ны США (англ. United States Secretary of Defense) — официально принятое в русском языке наименование министерской должности в Кабинете президента США, ответственного за все вопросы в сфере руководства Вооружёнными силами США в мирное и военное время. Является главой Министерства обороны США. Дословно название должности переводится как секретарь по обороне, термины министерство и министр в США не используются (вместо них применяются термины департамент и секретарь соответственно). Назначается президентом с одобрения Сената. По закону министром обороны США не может быть назначен гражданин, в течение семи лет после освобождения от действительной службы в качестве офицера регулярных частей Вооружённых сил США (10-й свод законов США, раздел 113). Министр обороны по иерархии являет (ru) |
| rdfs:label | United States Secretary of Defense (en) وزير الدفاع الأمريكي (ar) Secretari de Defensa dels Estats Units (ca) Ministr obrany Spojených států amerických (cs) Verteidigungsminister der Vereinigten Staaten (de) Υπουργός Άμυνας των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών (el) Usona Sekretario de Defendo (eo) Secretario de Defensa de los Estados Unidos (es) Menteri Pertahanan Amerika Serikat (in) Segretario della difesa degli Stati Uniti d'America (it) Secrétaire à la Défense des États-Unis (fr) アメリカ合衆国国防長官 (ja) 미국의 국방부 장관 (ko) Lijst van Amerikaanse ministers van Defensie (nl) Sekretarz obrony Stanów Zjednoczonych (pl) Secretário de Defesa dos Estados Unidos (pt) Министр обороны США (ru) USA:s försvarsminister (sv) 美国国防部长 (zh) Міністр оборони США (uk) |
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