Tom Wills (original) (raw)

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Thomas Wentworth "Tom" Wills, né le 19 août 1835 à et mort le 3 mai 1880 à Heidelberg, Victoria, est un sportif australien, notamment reconnu comme le principal artisan de la création du football australien. (fr)
Thomas Wentworth Wills (19 August 1835 – 2 May 1880) was an Australian sportsman who is credited with being Australia's first cricketer of significance and a founder of Australian rules football. Born in the British penal colony of New South Wales to a wealthy family descended from convicts, Wills grew up in the bush on stations owned by his father, the squatter and politician Horatio Wills, in what is now the state of Victoria. As a child, he befriended local Aboriginal people, learning their language and customs. Aged 14, Wills went to England to attend Rugby School, where he became captain of its cricket team and played an early version of rugby football. After Rugby, Wills represented Cambridge University in the annual cricket match against Oxford, and played at first-class level for Kent and the Marylebone Cricket Club. An athletic bowling all-rounder with tactical nous, he was regarded as one of the finest young cricketers in England. Returning to Victoria in 1856, Wills achieved Australia-wide stardom as a cricketer, captaining the Victorian team to repeated victories in intercolonial matches. He played for the Melbourne Cricket Club but often clashed with its administrators, his larrikin streak and defections to rival clubs straining their relationship. In 1858, seeking a winter pastime for cricketers, he called for the formation of a "foot-ball club" with a "code of laws". He captained a Melbourne side that winter, and in 1859 co-wrote its laws—the basis of Australian rules. He and his cousin H. C. A. Harrison further developed the game as players, umpires and administrators. In 1861, at the height of his fame, Wills retired from sport to help his father run a station in outback Queensland. Soon after arriving, his father and 18 station personnel died in Australia's largest massacre of colonists by Aboriginal people. Wills survived and returned to Victoria in 1864, and in 1866–67, led an Aboriginal cricket team on an Australian tour as its captain-coach. In a career marked by controversy, Wills straddled cricket's amateur-professional divide, and was reputed to bend sporting rules to the point of cheating. In 1872, he became the first bowler to be called for throwing in a top-class Australian match. Dropped from the Victorian team, he failed in an 1876 comeback attempt, by which time he was considered a relic of a bygone era. His final years were characterised by social alienation, flights from creditors, and heavy drinking, likely as a means of numbing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms that plagued him after the massacre. In 1880, suffering from delirium tremens, Wills committed suicide by stabbing himself in the heart. Australia's first sporting celebrity, Wills fell into obscurity after his death, but has undergone a revival in Australian culture since the 1980s. Today he is described as an archetypal tragic sports hero and as a symbol of reconciliation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. He has also become the central figure in "football's history wars"—an ongoing dispute over whether Marn Grook, an Aboriginal ball game, influenced early Australian rules. According to biographer Greg de Moore, Wills "stands alone in all his absurdity, his cracked egalitarian heroism and his fatal self-destructiveness—the finest cricketer and footballer of the age". (en)
トーマス・ウェントウォース・ウィルス（Thomas Wentworth Wills, 1835年8月19日-1880年5月2日）は、オーストラリア出身のオーストラリア初の著明なクリケット選手であり、オーストラリアンフットボールの発明者である。通称「トム・ウィルス（Tom Wills）」。 1850年、彼はイギリスのラグビー校にて教育を受ける。1858年、オーストラリアに帰国、オーストラリアンフットボールのベースとなるルールを完成させる手助けをする。1861年、彼はアボリジニによる大虐殺で父を失う。彼は運良く生き残りその大虐殺から5年後、アボリジニのクリケット選手のコーチとキャプテンを務めることになる。この時代における著明人の一人であったにもかかわらず、彼の私生活は酒浸りの日々だった。その為、スポーツのキャリアも少しづつ後退していった。そして1880年、彼は心臓をハサミで突き刺し自殺した。彼を題材とした小説や映画はいくつか出版されており、現在も彼の像はメルボルン・クリケット・グラウンドの前に立っている。 (ja)
Thomas Wentworth Wills född 19 augusti 1835 i Sydney i Australien, död 2 maj 1880 i Melbourne i Australien, var en australiensisk cricketspelare. Han uppfann också australisk fotboll. (sv)
Thomas Wentworth Wills (19 de agosto de 1835 - 2 de maio de 1880) foi um jogador de críquete australiano. Ele inventou o futebol australiano. uma estátua dele foi erguida em Melbourne em 2001. (pt)

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Football in the Richmond Paddock, 1860s. The field's hard playing surface influenced Wills' codification of the game. (en)
Wills, 1857 (en)
Wills' cousin H. C. A. Harrison joined him in pioneering football in 1859. (en)
Daguerreotype of Wills, dating from his school years (en)
Football at Rugby School, 1850s. Wills was singled out in the national press for his prowess on the field. (en)

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Tom Wills (en)

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With furious bowling Wills assails His rivals, and knocks o’er their bails; His ball comes like a stone, From some huge catapulta hurled, In sieges of that earlier world You read of as a boy, ... (en)
"I know that if I [study] too hard I will become quite ill. We hardly get any play during school time." (en)
"I think the ground should be free to all, so that the captain of each side could dispose of his forces in any position he likes." (en)

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Warringal Cemetery, Victoria, Australia (en)

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Author:Tom Wills (en)

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Gideon Haigh (en)
Greg de Moore (en)
Hammersley, writing for The Australasian on Wills' umpiring of an intercolonial match (en)

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- Wills on how football should be played (en)
Melbourne Punch, 1858 (en)
- Wills to his father in a lengthy 1851 letter, the majority of which he devotes to his school cricket scores. (en)
https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/16/16872/16872.html CricketArchive (en)

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For Mr. Wills to no-ball Mr. Wardill for throwing is like Satan reproving sin. (en)
He could be dismissive, triumphant and brazen all within a single sentence. Whatever his inner world was, he rarely let it be known. Lines of argument or considered opinion were not developed. His stream of thought was in rapid flux and a string of defiant jabs. To give emphasis he underlined his words with a flourish. His punctuation was idiosyncratic. Language was breathless and explosive and he revelled in presenting himself and his motives as mysterious. (en)
'Great' athletes seem to be anointed every day; far rarer are those entitled to be considered 'original'. Tom Wills is such a figure in every respect. (en)

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Thomas Wentworth "Tom" Wills, né le 19 août 1835 à et mort le 3 mai 1880 à Heidelberg, Victoria, est un sportif australien, notamment reconnu comme le principal artisan de la création du football australien. (fr)
トーマス・ウェントウォース・ウィルス（Thomas Wentworth Wills, 1835年8月19日-1880年5月2日）は、オーストラリア出身のオーストラリア初の著明なクリケット選手であり、オーストラリアンフットボールの発明者である。通称「トム・ウィルス（Tom Wills）」。 1850年、彼はイギリスのラグビー校にて教育を受ける。1858年、オーストラリアに帰国、オーストラリアンフットボールのベースとなるルールを完成させる手助けをする。1861年、彼はアボリジニによる大虐殺で父を失う。彼は運良く生き残りその大虐殺から5年後、アボリジニのクリケット選手のコーチとキャプテンを務めることになる。この時代における著明人の一人であったにもかかわらず、彼の私生活は酒浸りの日々だった。その為、スポーツのキャリアも少しづつ後退していった。そして1880年、彼は心臓をハサミで突き刺し自殺した。彼を題材とした小説や映画はいくつか出版されており、現在も彼の像はメルボルン・クリケット・グラウンドの前に立っている。 (ja)
Thomas Wentworth Wills född 19 augusti 1835 i Sydney i Australien, död 2 maj 1880 i Melbourne i Australien, var en australiensisk cricketspelare. Han uppfann också australisk fotboll. (sv)
Thomas Wentworth Wills (19 de agosto de 1835 - 2 de maio de 1880) foi um jogador de críquete australiano. Ele inventou o futebol australiano. uma estátua dele foi erguida em Melbourne em 2001. (pt)
Thomas Wentworth Wills (19 August 1835 – 2 May 1880) was an Australian sportsman who is credited with being Australia's first cricketer of significance and a founder of Australian rules football. Born in the British penal colony of New South Wales to a wealthy family descended from convicts, Wills grew up in the bush on stations owned by his father, the squatter and politician Horatio Wills, in what is now the state of Victoria. As a child, he befriended local Aboriginal people, learning their language and customs. Aged 14, Wills went to England to attend Rugby School, where he became captain of its cricket team and played an early version of rugby football. After Rugby, Wills represented Cambridge University in the annual cricket match against Oxford, and played at first-class level for K (en)

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Tom Wills (en)
Tom Wills (fr)
トム・ウィルス (ja)
Tom Wills (pt)
Tom Wills (sv)

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