USS West Virginia (BB-48) (original) (raw)
USS West Virginia (BB-48) byla bitevní loď typu dreadnought Námořnictva Spojených států amerických. Byla to čtvrtá a zároveň poslední jednotka třídy Colorado. Nicméně tím, že byla stavba třetí lodi třídy - Washington zrušena, stala se třetí (dokončenou) jednotkou své třídy. Třída Colorado představovala vyvrcholení série bitevních lodí standardního typu postavených pro námořnictvo Spojených států v 10. a 20. letech 20. století; lodě byly v podstatě opakováním dřívější konstrukce třídy Tennessee, ale s výrazně silnější výzbrojí hlavních baterií ráže 16 palců (406 mm) ve čtyřech věžích po dvou. Ve 20. a 30. letech loď prováděla různá rutinní cvičení, včetně typicky každoročních tzv. Fleet problems, které poskytly neocenitelné zkušenosti pro nadcházející válku v Pacifiku.
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| dbo:abstract | USS West Virginia (BB-48) byla bitevní loď typu dreadnought Námořnictva Spojených států amerických. Byla to čtvrtá a zároveň poslední jednotka třídy Colorado. Nicméně tím, že byla stavba třetí lodi třídy - Washington zrušena, stala se třetí (dokončenou) jednotkou své třídy. Třída Colorado představovala vyvrcholení série bitevních lodí standardního typu postavených pro námořnictvo Spojených států v 10. a 20. letech 20. století; lodě byly v podstatě opakováním dřívější konstrukce třídy Tennessee, ale s výrazně silnější výzbrojí hlavních baterií ráže 16 palců (406 mm) ve čtyřech věžích po dvou. Ve 20. a 30. letech loď prováděla různá rutinní cvičení, včetně typicky každoročních tzv. Fleet problems, které poskytly neocenitelné zkušenosti pro nadcházející válku v Pacifiku. (cs) Die USS West Virginia war ein Schlachtschiff der US Navy und das vierte Schiff der Colorado-Klasse (alternativ auch Maryland-Klasse nach dem ersten fertigen Schiff). Sie wurde 1923 in Dienst gestellt und sank beim japanischen Angriff auf Pearl Harbor am 7. Dezember 1941. Die West Virginia wurde anschließend wieder gehoben und wiederhergestellt. Sie nahm bis Kriegsende an den Kampfhandlungen im Pazifik teil. (de) El USS West Virginia (BB-48) fue un acorazado de la Armada de los Estados Unidos construido en los astilleros Newport News Shipbuilding de Virginia. Su quilla, fue puesta en grada el 12 de abril de 1920, botándose el 17 de noviembre de 1921, para ser entregado el 1 de diciembre de 1923. (es) L'USS West Virginia (BB-48), était un cuirassé de la marine américaine de la classe Colorado, le second appelé par le nom du 35e État de l'Union. Il fut construit par les chantiers de Newport News (Virginie) à partir du 12 avril 1920. Il fut lancé le 17 novembre 1921 et armé le 1er décembre 1923 avec le capitaine Thomas J. Senn aux commandes. Pendant l'attaque de Pearl Harbor, le 7 décembre 1941, sept torpilles touchèrent l'USS West Virginia, la dernière ayant pour conséquence de détacher le gouvernail. (fr) USS West Virginia (BB-48), adalah sebuah , dan menjadi kapal kedua milik Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat yang dinamai dari negara bagian ke-35. Lunasnya mulai dipasang pada 12 April 1920 di , lalu dilincukan pada 19 November 1921 dan ditugaskan pada 1 Desember 1923. Kapten pertamanya adalah . West Virginia adalah salah satu kapal yang mengalami kerusakan paling parah ketika terjadi serangan mendadak oleh Jepang ke Pearl Harbor. Tetapi kapal ini dapat bangkit dan membalas dendam dengan ikut membantu menghancurkan Jepang. Pada 7 Desember 1941 West Virginia dipukul oleh torpedo yang diluncurkan dari sebuah kapal selam cebol dan segera mulai tenggelam. Saat hendak tenggelam, dia masih terus dihajar oleh torpedo hingga mengalami kerusakan parah, “Kerusakan di sisi kiri sangat luas. Sulit untuk digambarkan”, kata seorang petugas. Bagaimana tidak rusak parah karena sedikitnya tujuh torpedo menghantam kapal tersebut. Selain itu dua bom menembus lambung luar tetapi gagal meledak. Mengetahui West Virginia tenggelam kapten dan awak membanjiri sisi kanan kapal sehingga kapal tenggelam tidak dengan cara terbalik. Api kemudian mengamuk di kapal selama 30 jam kemudian, melelehkan hampir sebagian logam kapal. Kapten kapal yakni Mervyn S. Bennion dan banyak kru meninggal selama serangan tersebut. Pemulihan West Virginia merupakan proses yang panjang. Dengan menggunakan tambalan beton dan kayu, kapal rusak itu dikirim ke Washington State untuk perbaikan penuh. Seluruh dek dan sabuk utama harus diganti. Ketika pekerjaan selesai pada akhir 1944, West Virginia muncul menjadi kapal perang yang paling canggih kala itu. Awak tidak membuang waktu membawa kembali kapal itu ke pertarungan untuk membalas dendam. Kapal kembali ke Pear Harbor dan segera didorong ke dalam Perang Pasifik. West Virginia menghantam posisi Jepang di Leyte selama invasi 18 Oktober untuk melawan Jepang yang menguasasi Filipina. Setelah hampir satu minggu tentara mereka dihancurkan oleh pengeboman dan infanteri Amerika, angkatan laut Jepang dan akhirnya Pertempuran Teluk Leyte dimulai. Pada malam 24 Oktober, West Virginia dan tiga kapal perang lainnya yang dibangkitkan setelah Pearl Harbor melihat empat kapal Jepang mendekati Filipina. Kapal Amerika segera menyerang mereka dan menenggelamkan dua kapal perang dan kapal penjelajah dalam baku tembak malam hari. West Virginia sempat menjalani beberapa perbaikan kecil tapi kembali masuk ke operasi lainnya di Filipina sampai Februari 1945. Pada bulan Februari 1945, West Virginia bergabung dengan dalam invasi ke Iwo Jima. West Virginia hadir di Teluk Tokyo pada 2 September ketika Jepang secara resmi menyerah kepada Amerika Serikat. Kapal ini terus dalam pelayanan aktif sampai 1947 ketika bergabung dengan . Pada 1 Maret 1959 ia resmi dicoret dari daftar angkatan laut. Dan pada 24 Agustus, ia dijual dan dibesituakan, mengakhiri hayat sang Big Seven. (in) La USS West Virginia (hull classification symbol BB-48) è stata una corazzata della classe Colorado della marina statunitense, ordinata nel 1920. Con l'entrata in guerra degli Stati Uniti contro le potenze dell'Asse a seguito dell'attacco di Pearl Harbor, la Maryland combatté sul fronte del Pacifico fino alla vittoria degli Alleati. Posta in disarmo poco dopo la fine del conflitto, fu rottamata nel 1959. (it) USS West Virginia (BB-48) was the fourth dreadnought battleship of the Colorado class, though because Washington was cancelled, she was the third and final member of the class to be completed. The Colorado class proved to be the culmination of the standard-type battleship series built for the United States Navy in the 1910s and 1920s; the ships were essentially repeats of the earlier Tennessee design, but with a significantly more powerful main battery of eight 16-inch (406 mm) guns in twin-gun turrets. West Virginia was built between her keel laying in 1920 and her commissioning into the Navy in 1923. The ship spent the 1920s and 1930s conducting routine training exercises, including the typically-annual Fleet Problems, which provided invaluable experience for the coming war in the Pacific. West Virginia was moored on Battleship Row on the morning of 7 December 1941 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, bringing the United States into World War II. Badly damaged by torpedoes, the ship sank in the shallow water but was later refloated and extensively rebuilt over the course of 1943 and into mid-1944. She returned to service in time for the Philippines Campaign, where she led the American line of battle at the Battle of Surigao Strait on the night of 24–25 October. There, she was one of the few American battleships to use her radar to acquire a target in the darkness, allowing her to engage a Japanese squadron in what was the final action between battleships in naval history. After Surigao Strait, the ship remained in the Philippines to support troops fighting during the Battle of Leyte in 1944 and then supported the invasion of Lingayen Gulf in early 1945. The ship also took part in the Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa later that year, providing extensive fire support to the ground forces invading those islands. During the latter operation, she was hit by a kamikaze that did little damage. Following the surrender of Japan, West Virginia took part in the initial occupation and thereafter participated in Operation Magic Carpet, carrying soldiers and sailors from Hawaii to the mainland United States before being deactivated in 1946. She was decommissioned in 1947 and assigned to the Pacific Reserve Fleet, where she remained until 1959 when she was sold to ship breakers and dismantled. (en) De USS West Virginia (BB-48) was een Amerikaans slagschip van de United States Pacific Fleet, toen de Tweede Wereldoorlog voor de Amerikanen begon op 7 december 1941, te Pearl Harbor op Oahu, Hawaï. De USS West Virginia lag buitenom gemeerd naast de USS Tennessee (BB-43) (als deel van Battleship Row) toen het als een van de eerste schepen de aanval te verduren kreeg door de Japanse Keizerlijke Marine-Luchtmacht. (nl) ウェストバージニア (USS West Virginia, BB-48) は、アメリカ海軍の戦艦。コロラド級戦艦 (Colorado-class battleships) の4番艦。艦名はウェストバージニア州にちなむ。その名を持つ艦としては2隻目にあたる。「ウィー・ヴィー」 (Wee Vee) や「山男の戦艦」 (Mountaineer Battlewagon) の愛称があった。 (ja) USS West Virginia (BB-48) – amerykański pancernik typu Colorado. Był drugim okrętem w historii US Navy noszącym nazwę 35 stanu USA. Poważnie uszkodzony w ataku na Pearl Harbor. (pl) O USS West Virginia (BB-48), foi um navio de guerra da Classe Colorado. Foi o segundo navio da Marinha dos Estados Unidos nomeado em honra do estado da Virgínia Ocidental. (pt) «Вест Вирджиния» (англ. USS West Virginia (BB-48)) — линейный корабль США. Четвёртый корабль типа «Колорадо» или типа «Мэриленд» — ставших последними супердредноутами ВМС США, построенными в ходе Первой мировой войны до заключения Вашингтонского морского договора (1922). Стал третьим линкором ВМС США, в качестве главного калибра которого использовали 406-мм морские орудия 16"/45 Mark 1. «Вест Вирджиния» был вторым кораблём ВМС США, который был назван в честь 35-го штата.Его киль был заложен 12 апреля 1920 года в Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Newport News, штат Вирджиния. Корабль был спущен на воду 19 ноября 1921 года. Линкор был введён в эксплуатацию 1 декабря 1923 года, капитаном был назначен Томас Дж Сенн. «Вест Вирджиния» стал последним «супер-дредноутом», введённым в строй до заключения Вашингтонского морского соглашения. Спроектирован линкор «Западная Вирджиния» был до Ютландского сражения, и на тот момент воплощал новейшие знания военно-морской архитектуры, имея водонепроницаемые переборки корпуса и внушительный масштаб броневой защиты. В ходе атаки на Пёрл-Харбор 7 декабря 1941 года получил попадания 9 торпед и 2 авиабомб, после чего лёг на грунт на ровном киле. Командир линкора Марвин Беннион получил тяжёлое ранение и вскоре скончался. (ru) 西維珍尼亞號戰艦（USS West Virginia BB-48）是一艘隸屬於美國海軍的戰艦，為科羅拉多級戰艦的三號艦。它是美軍第二艘以西維珍尼亞州為名的軍艦，亦是美國在1934年文森-特里梅法案（Vinson-Trammell Act）通過前最後一艘建成的戰艦。 西維珍尼亞號在1920年於紐波特紐斯造船廠建造，於1921年下水，在1923年服役。接著西維珍尼亞號以訓練為主，並參與多次艦隊解難演習（Fleet Problems）。1941年日本海軍偷襲珍珠港，西維珍尼亞號遭受攻擊重創，並坐沉港內。1942年海軍打撈西維珍尼亞號，將之帶返美國維修，並順道作現代化改裝。1944年西維珍尼亞號返回前線作戰，並先後參與雷伊泰灣海戰、仁牙因灣戰役、硫磺島戰役及沖繩戰役，然後協助盟軍在日本投降後佔領當地，最後返國待命。1947年西維珍尼亞號退役，並在1959年除籍出售拆解。 西維珍尼亞號在二戰共獲得五枚戰鬥之星。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | USS West Virginia (BB-48) byla bitevní loď typu dreadnought Námořnictva Spojených států amerických. Byla to čtvrtá a zároveň poslední jednotka třídy Colorado. Nicméně tím, že byla stavba třetí lodi třídy - Washington zrušena, stala se třetí (dokončenou) jednotkou své třídy. Třída Colorado představovala vyvrcholení série bitevních lodí standardního typu postavených pro námořnictvo Spojených států v 10. a 20. letech 20. století; lodě byly v podstatě opakováním dřívější konstrukce třídy Tennessee, ale s výrazně silnější výzbrojí hlavních baterií ráže 16 palců (406 mm) ve čtyřech věžích po dvou. Ve 20. a 30. letech loď prováděla různá rutinní cvičení, včetně typicky každoročních tzv. Fleet problems, které poskytly neocenitelné zkušenosti pro nadcházející válku v Pacifiku. (cs) Die USS West Virginia war ein Schlachtschiff der US Navy und das vierte Schiff der Colorado-Klasse (alternativ auch Maryland-Klasse nach dem ersten fertigen Schiff). Sie wurde 1923 in Dienst gestellt und sank beim japanischen Angriff auf Pearl Harbor am 7. Dezember 1941. Die West Virginia wurde anschließend wieder gehoben und wiederhergestellt. Sie nahm bis Kriegsende an den Kampfhandlungen im Pazifik teil. (de) El USS West Virginia (BB-48) fue un acorazado de la Armada de los Estados Unidos construido en los astilleros Newport News Shipbuilding de Virginia. Su quilla, fue puesta en grada el 12 de abril de 1920, botándose el 17 de noviembre de 1921, para ser entregado el 1 de diciembre de 1923. (es) L'USS West Virginia (BB-48), était un cuirassé de la marine américaine de la classe Colorado, le second appelé par le nom du 35e État de l'Union. Il fut construit par les chantiers de Newport News (Virginie) à partir du 12 avril 1920. Il fut lancé le 17 novembre 1921 et armé le 1er décembre 1923 avec le capitaine Thomas J. Senn aux commandes. Pendant l'attaque de Pearl Harbor, le 7 décembre 1941, sept torpilles touchèrent l'USS West Virginia, la dernière ayant pour conséquence de détacher le gouvernail. (fr) La USS West Virginia (hull classification symbol BB-48) è stata una corazzata della classe Colorado della marina statunitense, ordinata nel 1920. Con l'entrata in guerra degli Stati Uniti contro le potenze dell'Asse a seguito dell'attacco di Pearl Harbor, la Maryland combatté sul fronte del Pacifico fino alla vittoria degli Alleati. Posta in disarmo poco dopo la fine del conflitto, fu rottamata nel 1959. (it) De USS West Virginia (BB-48) was een Amerikaans slagschip van de United States Pacific Fleet, toen de Tweede Wereldoorlog voor de Amerikanen begon op 7 december 1941, te Pearl Harbor op Oahu, Hawaï. De USS West Virginia lag buitenom gemeerd naast de USS Tennessee (BB-43) (als deel van Battleship Row) toen het als een van de eerste schepen de aanval te verduren kreeg door de Japanse Keizerlijke Marine-Luchtmacht. (nl) ウェストバージニア (USS West Virginia, BB-48) は、アメリカ海軍の戦艦。コロラド級戦艦 (Colorado-class battleships) の4番艦。艦名はウェストバージニア州にちなむ。その名を持つ艦としては2隻目にあたる。「ウィー・ヴィー」 (Wee Vee) や「山男の戦艦」 (Mountaineer Battlewagon) の愛称があった。 (ja) USS West Virginia (BB-48) – amerykański pancernik typu Colorado. Był drugim okrętem w historii US Navy noszącym nazwę 35 stanu USA. Poważnie uszkodzony w ataku na Pearl Harbor. (pl) O USS West Virginia (BB-48), foi um navio de guerra da Classe Colorado. Foi o segundo navio da Marinha dos Estados Unidos nomeado em honra do estado da Virgínia Ocidental. (pt) 西維珍尼亞號戰艦（USS West Virginia BB-48）是一艘隸屬於美國海軍的戰艦，為科羅拉多級戰艦的三號艦。它是美軍第二艘以西維珍尼亞州為名的軍艦，亦是美國在1934年文森-特里梅法案（Vinson-Trammell Act）通過前最後一艘建成的戰艦。 西維珍尼亞號在1920年於紐波特紐斯造船廠建造，於1921年下水，在1923年服役。接著西維珍尼亞號以訓練為主，並參與多次艦隊解難演習（Fleet Problems）。1941年日本海軍偷襲珍珠港，西維珍尼亞號遭受攻擊重創，並坐沉港內。1942年海軍打撈西維珍尼亞號，將之帶返美國維修，並順道作現代化改裝。1944年西維珍尼亞號返回前線作戰，並先後參與雷伊泰灣海戰、仁牙因灣戰役、硫磺島戰役及沖繩戰役，然後協助盟軍在日本投降後佔領當地，最後返國待命。1947年西維珍尼亞號退役，並在1959年除籍出售拆解。 西維珍尼亞號在二戰共獲得五枚戰鬥之星。 (zh) USS West Virginia (BB-48), adalah sebuah , dan menjadi kapal kedua milik Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat yang dinamai dari negara bagian ke-35. Lunasnya mulai dipasang pada 12 April 1920 di , lalu dilincukan pada 19 November 1921 dan ditugaskan pada 1 Desember 1923. Kapten pertamanya adalah . West Virginia adalah salah satu kapal yang mengalami kerusakan paling parah ketika terjadi serangan mendadak oleh Jepang ke Pearl Harbor. Tetapi kapal ini dapat bangkit dan membalas dendam dengan ikut membantu menghancurkan Jepang. (in) USS West Virginia (BB-48) was the fourth dreadnought battleship of the Colorado class, though because Washington was cancelled, she was the third and final member of the class to be completed. The Colorado class proved to be the culmination of the standard-type battleship series built for the United States Navy in the 1910s and 1920s; the ships were essentially repeats of the earlier Tennessee design, but with a significantly more powerful main battery of eight 16-inch (406 mm) guns in twin-gun turrets. West Virginia was built between her keel laying in 1920 and her commissioning into the Navy in 1923. The ship spent the 1920s and 1930s conducting routine training exercises, including the typically-annual Fleet Problems, which provided invaluable experience for the coming war in the Paci (en) «Вест Вирджиния» (англ. USS West Virginia (BB-48)) — линейный корабль США. Четвёртый корабль типа «Колорадо» или типа «Мэриленд» — ставших последними супердредноутами ВМС США, построенными в ходе Первой мировой войны до заключения Вашингтонского морского договора (1922). Стал третьим линкором ВМС США, в качестве главного калибра которого использовали 406-мм морские орудия 16"/45 Mark 1. В ходе атаки на Пёрл-Харбор 7 декабря 1941 года получил попадания 9 торпед и 2 авиабомб, после чего лёг на грунт на ровном киле. Командир линкора Марвин Беннион получил тяжёлое ранение и вскоре скончался. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | USS West Virginia (BB-48) (cs) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (de) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (es) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (in) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (fr) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (it) ウェストバージニア (戦艦) (ja) USS West Virginia (1923) (nl) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (pl) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (pt) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (en) USS West Virginia (BB-48) (ru) 西維珍尼亞號戰艦 (zh) |
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| foaf:homepage | http://dpaa.mil |
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| foaf:name | West Virginia (en) |
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