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The Landing Craft Infantry (LCI) were several classes of landing craft used to land large numbers of infantry directly onto beaches during the Second World War. They were developed in response to a British request for seagoing amphibious assault ships capable of carrying and landing substantially more troops than their smaller Landing Craft Assault (LCA). The result was a small steel ship that could land 200 men, traveling from rear bases on its own bottom at a speed of up to 15 knots. Some 923 were built starting in 1943, serving in both the Pacific and European theaters, including a number that were converted into heavily armed beach assault support ships. The LCI(L) supplemented the small LCAs/LCVPs as a way to get many troops ashore before a dock could be captured or built. As such, they were the largest dedicated beachable infantry landing craft (the larger Landing Ship Infantry (LSI) was a transporter for men and small craft such as the British LCA) in the Allied inventory. (en) Le LCI, dont l'appellation officielle complète est LCI(L) ou Landing Craft Infantry (Large) est une grande péniche de débarquement prévue pour le transport de troupes construite à 921 exemplaires entre 1942 et 1945 aux États-Unis. Utilisé sur tous les fronts à partir de 1943, le LCI(L) et ses modèles dérivés resteront en service longtemps après la guerre dans de nombreuses marines alliées dont la Marine française. Ces engins (craft) furent reclassifiés comme des navires (ship) dans la marine américaine en 1949 et reçurent alors l'appellation de LSI (Landing Ship, Infantry). (fr) Le LCI o Landing Craft Infantry sono delle imbarcazioni per il trasporto truppe, costruite in 923 esemplari tra il 1942 e il 1945 per la US Navy e la Royal Navy. (it) De Landing Craft Infantry of LCI is een landingsvaartuig uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog LCI's werden tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog gebruikt door de Amerikaanse marine om infanteristen aan land te zetten. De LCI was een van de eerste Amerikaanse landingsvaartuigen en bezat afritten opzij, in plaats van landingsdeuren op de boeg zoals latere types. Het gewicht was 246 ton, de bewapening bestond uit een vijftal 20 mm kanonnen. Het vaartuig werd voortgestuwd door een dubbelschroefdiesel van 2.300 pk. De snelheid bedroeg ruim 14 knopen. Zijn afmetingen waren 47,70 m lang, 7,12 m breed en 1,73 m diep. De bemanning bedroeg 25 koppen, afgezien van de infanteristen. Deze landingsschepen voeren mee met de vloot tijdens de landingen op onder meer Noord-Afrika, Sicilië, Anzio, en Normandië. Later in de Stille Oceaan waren zij van belang om de vele eilanden en atollen van de Japanners te helpen bevrijden. Deze LCI's hadden een scherpe rechte voorsteven met daarbovenop een 20 mm kanon. De infanteriesoldaten zaten verscholen achter een dubbele stalen middenwand. Na de landing op het kuststrand kwam de infanterie er vanachter en liepen in rij achter elkaar aan bak- en stuurboordzijde van het schip op het strand. Achteraan had het een open verhoogde stuurhuis met daarachter het machinekamerhuis met daarop de overige vier 20 mm kanonnen. Deze LCI's werden later door het Amerikaanse leger in Europa achtergelaten. Voor de burgerscheepvaart werden deze landingsschepen omgebouwd tot vrachtbinnenschepen of andere vaartuigen. Er varen nu nog steeds enkele van deze binnenschepen. (nl) Десантные суда типа ЛКИ(Л) (англ. [десантное судно пехотное большое]) — пехотно-десантные суда американской постройки Второй мировой войны. (ru) Landing Craft Infantry або LCI — різновид малих десантних кораблів американських та британських військово-морських сил, призначених для перевезення морем та висадки особового складу морського десанту на необладнане узбережжя. (uk) 步兵登陆艇 (Landing Craft Infantry，LCI) 是美国二战时期几种运输步兵滩头登陆的大型钢制船艇。能运载200名步兵，以15节航渡。 从1943年起建造了923艘。其中一些改装为重装甲火力支援船。 (zh) |
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http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/ONI/ONI-226/ONI-226.pdf http://www.naval-history.net/WW2Memoir-Walcheren.htm http://amphibiousforces.org/ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/lcil.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20100527102504/http:/shipbuildinghistory.com/history/smallships/lcil.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20110827114353/http:/hnsa.org/ships/lci713.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20110903064600/http:/www.usslci.com/ |
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Le LCI, dont l'appellation officielle complète est LCI(L) ou Landing Craft Infantry (Large) est une grande péniche de débarquement prévue pour le transport de troupes construite à 921 exemplaires entre 1942 et 1945 aux États-Unis. Utilisé sur tous les fronts à partir de 1943, le LCI(L) et ses modèles dérivés resteront en service longtemps après la guerre dans de nombreuses marines alliées dont la Marine française. Ces engins (craft) furent reclassifiés comme des navires (ship) dans la marine américaine en 1949 et reçurent alors l'appellation de LSI (Landing Ship, Infantry). (fr) Le LCI o Landing Craft Infantry sono delle imbarcazioni per il trasporto truppe, costruite in 923 esemplari tra il 1942 e il 1945 per la US Navy e la Royal Navy. (it) Десантные суда типа ЛКИ(Л) (англ. [десантное судно пехотное большое]) — пехотно-десантные суда американской постройки Второй мировой войны. (ru) Landing Craft Infantry або LCI — різновид малих десантних кораблів американських та британських військово-морських сил, призначених для перевезення морем та висадки особового складу морського десанту на необладнане узбережжя. (uk) 步兵登陆艇 (Landing Craft Infantry，LCI) 是美国二战时期几种运输步兵滩头登陆的大型钢制船艇。能运载200名步兵，以15节航渡。 从1943年起建造了923艘。其中一些改装为重装甲火力支援船。 (zh) The Landing Craft Infantry (LCI) were several classes of landing craft used to land large numbers of infantry directly onto beaches during the Second World War. They were developed in response to a British request for seagoing amphibious assault ships capable of carrying and landing substantially more troops than their smaller Landing Craft Assault (LCA). The result was a small steel ship that could land 200 men, traveling from rear bases on its own bottom at a speed of up to 15 knots. (en) De Landing Craft Infantry of LCI is een landingsvaartuig uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog LCI's werden tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog gebruikt door de Amerikaanse marine om infanteristen aan land te zetten. De LCI was een van de eerste Amerikaanse landingsvaartuigen en bezat afritten opzij, in plaats van landingsdeuren op de boeg zoals latere types. Het gewicht was 246 ton, de bewapening bestond uit een vijftal 20 mm kanonnen. Het vaartuig werd voortgestuwd door een dubbelschroefdiesel van 2.300 pk. De snelheid bedroeg ruim 14 knopen. Zijn afmetingen waren 47,70 m lang, 7,12 m breed en 1,73 m diep. De bemanning bedroeg 25 koppen, afgezien van de infanteristen. (nl) |
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Landing Craft Infantry (fr) Landing Craft Infantry (it) Landing Craft Infantry (en) Landing Craft Infantry (nl) Десантные суда типа LCI(L) (ru) 步兵登陆艇 (zh) LCI (uk) |
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