今日 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

| | today; modern; presenttoday; modern; present; current; this; now | day; sun; dateday; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | | trad. (今日) | 今 | 日 | | simp. #(今日) | 今 | 日 |

• Mandarin
  (Pinyin): jīnrì
  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖˋ
• Cantonese
  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gam1 jat6 / gam1 mat6
  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gim1 ngit4
  (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): giem1 jat6
• Gan (Wiktionary): 'jin1 nyit6
• Hakka
  (Sixian, PFS): kîm-ngit
  (Meixian, Guangdong): gim1 ngid5
• Jin (Wiktionary): jing1 reng1
• Southern Min
  (Hokkien, POJ): kim-ji̍t / kim-li̍t / kin-jit / kin-ji̍t / kin-li̍t
  (Teochew, Peng'im): gim1 rig8 / ging1 rig8 / gim1 rêg8
• Xiang
  (Changsha, Wiktionary): jin1 r6 / jin1 nyi6
  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): jin1 xi1 / ji1 i2

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)+
    * Hanyu Pinyin: jīnrì
    * Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖˋ
    * Tongyong Pinyin: jinrìh
    * Wade–Giles: chin1-jih4
    * Yale: jīn-r̀
    * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinryh
    * Palladius: цзиньжи (czinʹži)
    * Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
    * Jyutping: gam1 jat6 / gam1 mat6
    * Yale: gām yaht / gām maht
    * Cantonese Pinyin: gam1 jat9 / gam1 mat9
    * Guangdong Romanization: gem1 yed6 / gem1 med6
    * Sinological IPA (key): /kɐm⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/, /kɐm⁵⁵ mɐt̚²/

Note: gam1 mat6 - from assimilation.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    * Wiktionary: gim1 ngit4
    * Sinological IPA (key): /kim³³ ᵑɡit̚²¹/
  • (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
    * Jyutping++: giem1 jat6
    * Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛm³³ jɐt̚⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    * Wiktionary: 'jin1 nyit6
    * Sinological IPA (key): /ˈt͡ɕin⁴² n̠ʲit̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    * Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ngit
    * Hakka Romanization System: gimˊ ngidˋ
    * Hagfa Pinyim: gim1 ngid5
    * Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴ ŋit̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    * Guangdong: gim1 ngid5
    * Sinological IPA: /kim⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋit̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)+
    * Wiktionary: jing1 reng1
    * Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ¹¹ ʐəŋ¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-ji̍t
    * Tâi-lô: kim-ji̍t
    * Phofsit Daibuun: kimjit
    * IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚¹²¹/
    * IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ zit̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-li̍t
    * Tâi-lô: kim-li̍t
    * Phofsit Daibuun: kimlit
    * IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ lit̚⁴/
    * IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ lit̚²⁴/
    * IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² lit̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-jit
    * Tâi-lô: kin-jit
    * Phofsit Daibuun: kinjid
    * IPA (Penang): /kin³³⁻²¹ d͡zit̚³/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-ji̍t
    * Tâi-lô: kin-ji̍t
    * Phofsit Daibuun: kinjit
    * IPA (Singapore): /kin⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚⁴³/
  • (Hokkien: Singapore)
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-li̍t
    * Tâi-lô: kin-li̍t
    * Phofsit Daibuun: kinlit
    * IPA (Singapore): /kin⁴⁴⁻²² lit̚⁴³/
  • (Teochew)
    * Peng'im: gim1 rig8 / ging1 rig8 / gim1 rêg8
    * Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kim ji̍k / king ji̍k / kim je̍k
    * Sinological IPA (key): /kim³³⁻²³ d͡zik̚⁴/, /kiŋ³³⁻²³ d͡zik̚⁴/, /kim³³⁻²³ d͡zek̚⁴/

Note:

• gim1 rig8 - Chaozhou, Shantou;

• ging1 rig8 - Chaozhou;

• gim1 rêg8 - Jieyang.

• Xiang

  • (Changsha)
    * Wiktionary: jin1 r6 / jin1 nyi6
    * Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin³³ ʐ̩²⁴/, /t͡ɕin³³ n̠ʲi²⁴/

Note:

• jin1 r6 - vernacular;

• jin1 nyi6 - literary.

  • (Hengyang)
    * Wiktionary: jin1 xi1 / ji1 i2
    * Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵ ɕi⁴⁴⁵/, /t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵ i¹¹/

今日

1. (formal or dialectal) today
   今日我去咗行山。 [Cantonese, trad. and _simp._]
   gam1 jat6 ngo5 heoi3 zo2 haang4 saan1. [Jyutping]
   I went hiking today.
   • File:OracleSun.jpg
     貞今日其雨／贞今日其雨 [Classical Chinese] ― zhēn jīnrì qí yǔ [Pinyin] ― Divine: today, will it rain?
2. (formal or dialectal) nowadays; the present time

今日 is considered formal in Standard Mandarin.

• (today):

Dialectal synonyms of 今天 (“today”) [map]

• (nowadays): 今天 (jīntiān), 目前 (mùqián), 現在／现在 (xiànzài)

• 今日三，明日四

• 今日事，今日畢 / 今日事，今日毕 (jīnrì shì, jīnrì bì)

• 既有今日，何必當初 / 既有今日，何必当初 (jìyǒu jīnrì hébì dāngchū)

• 早知今日，何必當初 / 早知今日，何必当初 (zǎozhī jīnrì, hébì dāngchū)

• 早知今日，悔不當初 / 早知今日，悔不当初 (zǎozhī jīnrì, huǐ bù dāngchū)

• 時至今日 / 时至今日 (shízhìjīnrì)

• The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 今日 (jīnrì).

From Middle Chinese compound 今日 (MC kim nyit). Compare modern Taishanese reading gim1 ngit4.

The goon, so likely the original reading of the term as first borrowed from Middle Chinese.

• (Tokyo) こんにち [kóꜜǹnìchì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2][3]
• IPA(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟ːit͡ɕi]

今(こん)日(にち) • (konnichi)

1. today, this day
   Synonym: 本日 (honjitsu)
2. nowadays
   Synonyms: 此の頃 (konogoro), 現在 (genzai), 現代 (gendai)

/koɲɲit͡ɕi/ → /koɲt͡ɕi/

Shift from konnichi above. Used dialectally in the Shitamachi area of Tokyo since the Edo period.

• (Tokyo) こんち [kóꜜǹchì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
• IPA(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕi]

今(こん)日(ち) • (konchi)

1. Same as こんにち above

From Middle Chinese 今日 (MC kim nyit). Compare modern Cantonese reading gam1 jat6.

Change in reading from konnichi, keeping the earlier goon reading kon for 今, but substituting the later kan'on reading jitsu for 日.

• IPA(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑit͡sɨ]

今(こん)日(じつ) • (konjitsu)

1. today, this day
2. nowadays

Coordinate terms

• 一昨昨日(さきおととい) (sakiototoi), 一昨昨日(さきおとつい) (sakiototsui), 一昨昨日(いっさくさくじつ) (issakusakujitsu, “three days ago”)
• 一昨日(おととい) (ototoi, “the day before yesterday; two days ago”)
• 昨日(きのう) (kinō, “yesterday”)
• 明日(あした) (ashita), 明日(あす) (asu, “tomorrow”)
• 明後日(あさって) (asatte, “the day after tomorrow; two days from now”)
• 明々後日(しあさって) (shiasatte): three days from now
• 弥(や)の明後日(あさって) (yanoasatte): three days from now; (dialectal) four days from now
• 今朝(けさ) (kesa, “this morning”)
• 今晩(こんばん) (konban, “this evening”)
• 今夜(こんや) (kon'ya, “tonight”)

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

今日 • (geumil) (hangeul 금일)

1. hanja form? of 금일 (“today”)

Cognate with Japanese 今日(きょう) (kyō), and showing evidence of the affrication process common in Okinawan caused by "regressive palatalization", in which the earlier /k-/ consonant to shift when followed by /i/ or /j-/.

• IPA(key): /t͡ɕuː/

今日(ちゅー) (chū)

1. today

今日(きゆ) (kiyu)

1. (literary) きゆ: today

• “ちゅー【今日】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
• “チュー” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
• “キユ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).