us - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From u- (“micro-”) +‎ s (“second”).

us

1. (metrology, informal, proscribed) Alternative form of μs.

Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé

Proto-Germanic *uns

Old English ūs

Middle English us

English us

From Middle English us, from Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (“us”). The compensatory lengthening was lost in Middle English due to the word being unstressed when used. Cognate with Saterland Frisian uus (“us”), West Frisian us, ús (“us”), Low German uns, us (“us”), Dutch ons (“us”), German uns (“us”), Danish os (“us”), Latin nōs (“we, us”).

• (General American)
  • (weak form) IPA(key): /əs/
  • (strong form) IPA(key): /ʌs/, enPR: ŭs
• (Received Pronunciation)
  • (weak form) IPA(key): /əs/, /əz/
  • (strong form) IPA(key): /ʌs/, enPR: ŭs
• (Northern England,Local Dublin)
  • (strong form) IPA(key): /ʊz/, enPR: ŭs
• (Northumbria) IPA(key): /ɪz/
• Rhymes: -ʌs

us (personal pronoun; the objective case of we)

1. Me and at least one other person, excluding the person(s) being addressed. (exclusive us.)
   Don't treat us like idiots.
2. Me and at least one other person, including the person(s) being addressed. (inclusive us.)
   Let's ask him if he'll give us a lift.
3. We, used in the same circumstances where "me" would be used instead of "I", e.g. for the pronoun in isolation or as the complement of the copula:
   Who's there? — Us. (or) — It's us.
   Who's going to go? — Us. We'll go.
4. Any entity that the speaker is a part of or identifies with, such as place of employment or education, nation, region, language, etc.
   It's not true that the rest of Europe hates us.
   I went to watch my favourite team play Real Madrid, but they thrashed us 5-0.
5. People in general.
   Grief ages us.
6. (colloquial) The person(s) being addressed.
   Come on! Wakey wakey! Let's get us up and out of bed, please.
7. (colloquial) Used to imply connection between the speaker's experiences or activities and a group of listeners.
   Hey guys, in this video I'll show you how I make my upside-down sponge cake. First let's get us a few ingredients that we'll need ...
8. (Commonwealth, colloquial, chiefly with certain verbs such as give, get, fetch, etc.) Me.
   Give us a look at your paper.
   Fetch us a cold beer from the fridge, would you.
   She's turned the weans against us!
   _(talking to oneself) Now then ... let me see ... I hope I'm doing this right ... if we just connect these two wires together ... if it gives us a shock then ... Ow!
9. (Northumbria) Me (in all contexts).
   Look at us while ye’re speakin tiv us.
   Could ye dee that for us?

• -'s (contracted form, as in let's)

• uz, is, iz (Northumbria)

• after us the deluge

• all your base are belong to us

• and so say all of us

• bless us

• can you tell us

• come down to us

• God preserve us

• it happens to the best of us

• let us

• let us count the ways

• let us go

• my very educated mother just served us nachos

• my very educated mother just served us nine pizzas

• my very educated mother just served us nine pumpkins

• my very educated mother just served us noodles

• my very excellent mother just served us nine pizzas

• no longer with us

• nothing about us without us

• one of us

• still with us

• tell us another

• tell us another one

• them-and-us

• the poor we will always have with us

• they hate us 'cause they ain't us

• till death do us part

• till death us do part

• us-and-them

• us-and-them-ism

• us selves

• usses

• us versus them

• with us

objective case of "we"

• American Sign Language: 1^o-f@IpsiChest-FingerBack RoundHoriz 1^o-f@ContraChest-FingerBack

• Arabic: ـنَا (-nā), إِيَّانَا (ʔiyyānā)
  Egyptian Arabic: ـنا (-nā)

• Armenian: մեզ (hy) (mez)
  Old Armenian: մեզ (mez)

• Bengali: আমাদের (bn) (amader)

• Bislama: yumi, yumitupela (dual inclusive); yumitripela (trial inclusive); yumipela (plural inclusive); mitupela (dual exclusive); mitripela (trial exclusive); mipela (plural exclusive)

• Burmese: ကျုပ်တို့ (kyuptui.), တို့ (my) (tui.)

• Catalan: (classical) nos (ca), (colloquial) mos (ca), (contracted) ens (ca)

• Chamicuro: a'ti

• Chinese:
  Cantonese: 我哋 (yue) (ngo5 dei6)
  Hokkien: 阮 (zh-min-nan) (góan, gún), 咱 (zh-min-nan) (lán), 咱人 (zh-min-nan) (lán-lâng)
  Mandarin: 我們 / 我们 (zh) (wǒmen)

• Comorian:
  Ngazidja Comorian: sisi

• Czech: nás (cs), nám (cs)

• Dalmatian: noi

• Dutch: ons (nl)

• Eshtehardi: چَما (ĉamā)

• Esperanto: nin (eo)

• Ewe: míawo

• Finnish: meidät (fi), meitä (fi)

• French: nous (fr), à nous

• Frisian:
  West Frisian: ús (fy)

• Georgian: ჩვენს (čvens)

• German: uns (de)

• Greek: μας (el) (mas)

• Hopi: itamuy

• Hungarian: minket (hu), bennünket (hu)

• Ido: ni (io)

• Interlingua: nos (ia)

• Irish: sinn pl
  Old Irish: n-, don-, -unn

• Italian: noi (it), a noi, ci (it)

• Japanese: 私達 (ja) (watashitachi)

• Kabuverdianu: nu

• Kazakh: бізді (bızdı)

• Kituba: beto

• Korean: 우리 (ko) (uri)

• Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: ئێمە (ême)

• Latin: (accusative) nos (la), (dative) nobis (la), (ablative) nobis (la)

• Lingala: bísó

• Low German: uns, üsch, üsseck

• Macedonian: ни (ni), нас (nas), нам (nam)

• Malay: kami (ms) pl (exclusive), kita (ms) pl (inclusive)

• Māori: māua (exclusive referring to two people), tāua (inclusive referring to two people), mātau/mātou (exclusive referring to three or more people), tātau/tātou (inclusive referring to three or more people)

• Ngarrindjeri: ngatjagha

• Norn: vus

• Norwegian:
  Bokmål: oss (no)
  Nynorsk: oss

• Old English: ūs (ang)

• Persian: ما (fa) (mâ)

• Pipil: tech-

• Polish: nas (pl), nam (pl), nami

• Portuguese: nos (pt)

• Romanian: ne (ro) (unstressed dative and accusative), nouă (ro) (stressed dative), (pe) noi (stressed accusative)

• Russian: нас (ru) pl (nas), нам (ru) pl (nam), на́ми (ru) pl (námi)

• Scottish Gaelic: sinn pl

• Serbo-Croatian: nas (sh)

• Slovene: midva (sl) (‘us two’), midve (‘us two women’), mi (sl) (three or more), me (sl) (three or more women)

• Sorbian:
  Lower Sorbian: naju du, nas pl

• Spanish: nos (es), nosotros (es), nosotras (es)

• Svan: please add this translation if you can

• Swedish: oss (sv)

• Telugu: మమ్మల్ని (mammalni)

• Ukrainian: нас (uk) (nas), нам (uk) (nam)

• Volapük: obis

• Welsh: ni (cy)

• Wolof: nu

• Zulu: thina

• we

• our

• ours

us

1. Designates the speaker(s)/writer(s) as constituting or belonging to the stated category of people (objective case).
   It's not good enough for us teachers.
2. (proscribed) Designates the speaker(s)/writer(s) as constituting or belonging to the stated category of people (subjective case).
   • 1988 February 7, Mike Riegle, quoting John Royal, “Why Does GCN Have A Prisoner Project?”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 29, page 10:
     Us gays and lesbians in here got a reason to be bitching about the conditions.
3. (Northern England, Nottinghamshire) Our.[1]
   We'll have to throw us food out.

• we

us

1. (informal) The relationship (usually romantic) between the speaker and listener or some other unspecified person.
   There is no us.
   Us is the best thing that's ever happened to me.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

us

1. (rare) Alternative form of u's.

2. ^ Storr, Jeremy G. (1977), Survey of the Dialect of Selston in the Erewash Valley, University of Sheffield, page 161

• SU, Su

us

1. he/she/it (third-person singular nominative pronoun)

• Curnow, T. J. (1997). A grammar of Awa Pit (Cuaiquer): An indigenous language of south-western Colombia. The Australian National University.

Inherited from Latin vōs.

• IPA(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [us]
• Homophone: ús

us (proclitic and contracted enclitic, enclitic vos)

1. you (plural, direct or indirect object)
2. contraction of vos

• us is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs.
  Si us plau. ― Please.
  Si no us importa. ― If you don't mind.
• -us is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
  Volia veure-us. ― I wanted to see you.

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics

| | | strong/subject | weak (direct object) | weak (indirect object) | possessive | | | | | | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------ | | proclitic | enclitic | proclitic | enclitic | | | | | | | singular | 1stperson | standard | jo, mi3 | em, m’ | -me, ’m | em, m’ | -me, ’m | meu | | majestic1 | nós | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre | | | | 2ndperson | standard | tu | et, t’ | -te, ’t | et, t’ | -te, ’t | teu | | | formal1 | vós | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre | | | | very formal2 | vostè | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu | | | | 3rdperson | m | ell | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu | | | f | ella | la, l’4 | -la | li | -li | seu | | | | n | | ho | -ho | li | -li | seu | | | | plural | | | | | | | | | | 1st person | nosaltres | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre | | | | 2ndperson | standard | vosaltres | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre | | | formal2 | vostès | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu | | | | 3rdperson | m | ells | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu | | | f | elles | les | -les | els | -los, ’ls | seu | | | | 3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | -se, ’s | es, s’ | -se, ’s | seu | | | | adverbial | ablative/genitive | | en, n’ | -ne, ’n | | | | | | locative | | hi | -hi | | | | | |

1 Behaves grammatically as plural. 2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
3 Only as object of a preposition. 4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

• Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “us”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)
• “us”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “us”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• IPA(key): /us/, (stressed optionally) /uːs/

From Middle High German ūz, from Proto-Germanic *ūt.

us (+ dative)

1. (Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) out of, from
   • 1936, Inscription on the Schwarze Katz well in Zell:
     He steiht ferm wie en Zeller us dem Hamm.
     He stands firm as a Zell man from the Hamm [i.e. the Moselle bow around Zell with its steeply sloped vineyards].

• Where it occurs in Moselle Franconian, it generally does so only in unstressed position while the stressed form is aus, ous.
• uus, uss
• aus, ous (Moselle Franconian)

From Middle High German uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Loss of the nasal is due to a sporadic development (analogous to the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant-law, but later and not systematic); compare Luxembourgish eis, Limburgish ós.

us

1. (most of Ripuarian, parts of Moselle Franconian) Dative/accusative first-person plural personal pronoun: us

• uus, uss
• oos, os, oss (common variant)
• uns, ons (Kölsch, also younger byform in many other dialects)

Borrowed from Middle English use, from Old French us, from Latin ūsus, from past participle of ūtor.

us m (plural usyow or usadow)

1. use
   Synonyms: devnydh, usyans
2. custom
   Synonym: maner
3. habit
   Synonym: usadow

• es y us (“user-friendly”)
• usadow (“habitual, routine, usual; habit, routine, usage”)
• usya (“use, utilise, wear out”, verb)
• usyans (“use; erosion”, noun)
• usyer (“user”)
• usys (“accustomed, used, usual, worn”)

us

1. third-person singular present indicative/future indicative of usya
2. second-person singular imperative of usya

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Cognate with Breton yud.

• uj (Revived Late Cornish)

us m (plural usow)

1. scream, yell
   Synonyms: garm, kri, skrij

• usa (“scream, yell”, verb)

us

1. third-person singular present indicative/future indicative of usa
2. second-person singular imperative of usa

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)Cognate with Welsh us and Breton uzien.

us (collective, singulative usen f)

1. chaffs

From Old Galician-Portuguese os, from Latin illōs.

• os (Mañegu)

us m pl (singular u, feminine a, feminine plural as)

1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Masculine plural definite article; the

us

1. (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu) Third person plural masculine accusative pronoun; them

• unhos (Mañegu)
• unhus (Valverdeñu)

us m pl (singular un, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)

1. (Lagarteiru) Masculine singular indefinite article; some

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN, page 276

Inherited from Old French us, from Latin ūsus.

• IPA(key): /ys/, (less often) /y/
• Rhymes: -ys, -y
• Homophones: eusse, eussent, eusses (with /s/), eu, eue, eues, eus, eut, eût, u (without /s/), hue, huent, hues (without /s/, aspirated)

us m pl (plural only)

1. (plural only) mores; traditional practices or manners

• Now almost exclusively used in us et coutumes (“mores and customs”).
• abus
• user, usage, usuel
• “us”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
• su

us

1. romanization of 𐌿𐍃

• ous, os, hus, usse, hous

Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé

Proto-Germanic *uns

Old English ūs

Middle English us

From Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (“us”).

• IPA(key): /uːs/, /us/ (originally unstressed, but adopted as the usual form by Modern English)

us (nominative we)

1. First-person plural accusative pronoun: us.
2. (reflexive) ourselves.
3. (reciprocal) each other.

• we
• English: us
• Scots: us, hus
• Yola: ouse, ous, ouz, uz

Middle English personal pronouns

| | | nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | possessive | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | singular | 1st person | I, ich, ik | me | minmi1 | min | | | 2nd person | þou | þe | þinþi1 | þin | | | | 3rd person | m | he | himhine2 | him | his | hishisen | | f | sche, heo | hireheo | hire | hirehires, hiren | | | | n | hit | hithim2 | his, hit | — | | | | dual3 | 1st person | wit | unk | unker | | | | 2nd person | ȝit | inc | inker | | | | | plural | 1st person | we | us, ous | oure | oureoures, ouren | | | 2nd person4 | ye | yow | your | youryoures, youren | | | | 3rd person | inh. | he | hemhe2 | hem | here | hereheres, heren | | bor. | þei | þem, þeim | þeir | þeirþeires, þeiren | | |

1 Used preconsonantally or before h.
2 Early or dialectal.
3 Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third person dual forms in Middle English.
4 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd person singular.

• “ū̆s, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 11 May 2018.
• IPA(key): /ʊs/, /uːs/

ûs or us

1. (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) alternative form of uns
2. (possessive) alternative form of uns

Possessive pronoun:

Declension of us

| | singular | plural | | | | -------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ---- | | | masculine | neuter | feminine | | | | Strong declension | | | | | nominative | ûs | ûse | | | accusative | ûsen | ûs | ûse | | dative | ûsem(e) (ûsennote) | ûser(e) | ûsen | | genitive | ûses | ûser(e) | | | | Weak declension | | | | | nominative | ûse | ûsen | | | accusative | ûsen | ûse | ûsen | | dative | ûsen | | | | genitive | | | |

The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period.

From Old French uis, from Latin ostium.

us m (plural **us)

1. door

Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé

Proto-Germanic *uns

Old English us

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (“us”). Cognates include Old Frisian ūs (West Frisian ús), Old Saxon ūs (Low German os, ons), Dutch ons, Old High German uns (German uns), Old Norse oss (Swedish oss), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin nos.

• IPA(key): /uːs/

ūs

1. accusative/dative of wē: (to) us

• Middle English: us, ous, os, hus, usse, hous
  • English: us
  • Scots: us, hus
  • Yola: ouse, ous, ouz, uz

From Latin ūsus.

us oblique singular, m (oblique plural **us, nominative singular **us, nominative plural **us)

1. tradition or custom

• French: us

From Proto-Germanic *uns, *unsiz. Cognates include Old English ūs, Old Saxon ūs and Old Dutch uns.

• IPA(key): /ˈuːs/

ūs

1. accusative/dative of wī

• North Frisian:
  Most dialects: üs
  Sylt: üüs
• Saterland Frisian: uus
• West Frisian: ús
• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009), An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
• Rhymes: -us

us

1. plural of u

Inherited from Middle English us, from Old English ūs (“us”, dative personal pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *uns, from Proto-Germanic *uns (“us”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *n̥swé, alteration of *n̥smé (“us”).

us

1. us

Scots personal pronouns

• “us, pers. pron.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 7 June 2024, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [_et al._], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
• “us, pers. pron.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 7 June 2024, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ.

ȕs f (Cyrillic spelling у̏с)

1. fishbone

• “us”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

From Ottoman Turkish اوص (us), from Proto-Turkic *us (“mind, reason”).[1]

us (definite accusative usu, plural uslar)

1. mind
2. reason
3. intelligence

• akıl

• zihin

• us dışı

• us pahası

• usa vurmak

• uslamlamak

• uslu

• usuna getirmek

1. ^ Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*us”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

us

1. fly (insect)

us

1. there
   • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:
     Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.
     Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• (North Wales) IPA(key): /ɨ̞s/
• (South Wales) IPA(key): /ɪs/

us (plural, singular usyn m)

1. husks, chaff
   Synonyms: eisin, peiswyn, siaff, cibau, manus, torion
2. debris, remnants
   Synonyms: sbwriel, malurion

• uswydd (“fragments”)
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “us”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

us

1. object of wy