Tamás Tölgyesi | University of Vienna (original) (raw)

Publications and Citations by Tamás Tölgyesi

Books by Tamás Tölgyesi

German Loan Words in the Modern Czech Language: Studies in Contact Linguistics

Die vorliegende Arbeit ist sprachhistorisch (diachronisch) und komparatistisch angelegt. Die Fors... more Die vorliegende Arbeit ist sprachhistorisch
(diachronisch) und komparatistisch angelegt. Die
Forschungsobjekte sind in diesem Fall zwei ferner
verwandten Sprachen der indogermanischen
Sprachfamilie: das Deutsche und das Tschechische. Die
Entwicklung beider sprachlichen Systeme wird am
Wandel ihrer Kasussysteme veranschaulicht. Aus den
Nomina (Substantiv, Adjektiv, Pronomen und Numerale)
behandelt der Autor Tamás Tölgyesi nur die größte
nominale Gruppe, die Substantive. Die verschiedenen
Deklinationsarten der Appellative werden an
Paradigmen exemplifiziert. Mit der Flexion von
Eigennamen und Fremdwörtern beschäftigt sich der
Verfasser im Rahmen dieses Aufsatzes nicht. Das Ziel
dieser Untersuchung ist es, herauszufinden, wann und
wie das Deutsche und das Tschechische einige Elemente
aus dem Kasussystem des Indogermanischen bewahrt und
weiterentwickelt hat, und wie sich andere Elemente
mit der Zeit schrittweise verloren haben. Die Studie
richtet sich vor allem an LinguistInnen, aber auch an
Tschechisch Studierenden und schließlich an alle
InteressentInnen, die sich mit Sprachen beschäftigen.

Papers by Tamás Tölgyesi

Otisky středoevropské krajiny a podnebí v našich kulturách, 2024

In this paper, I compare and analyze equivalent Czech, German and Hungarian weather lore sayings ... more In this paper, I compare and analyze equivalent Czech, German and Hungarian weather lore sayings for September, October, November and December. A weather lore saying is a prediction of the weather or of future things in general, a folk saying containing such a prediction or life experience. I translated the German and Hungarian weather lore sayings into Czech to show possible lexical and syntactical differences between them. In many cases, I wrote etymological notes and explanations of obsolete, bookish, dialectal, etc. words. Some weather lore sayings have already lost their validity, but I still think that these folk sayings about the weather – like proverbs – form an integral part of the linguistic and cultural heritage of our region.

Magyar Nyelv, 2023

It is still debated whether the Hungarian cafrang, csáprág originates from the Turkish çaprak ‘sa... more It is still debated whether the Hungarian cafrang, csáprág originates from the Turkish çaprak ‘saddlecloth’ or vice versa. In my article, I would like to show that Czech čabraka, Slovak čabraka, čabrak, Polish czaprag most likely come via Hungarian csáprág [ʧaːpraːg] from Turkish çaprak. German Schabracke, Czech šabrak, šabraka, Slovak šabrak, šabraka, Polish szabrak, szabraka and Slovenian šabraka forms were borrowed via Hungarian sabrák [ʃɒbraːk] from Turkish şaprak ‘id.’. For centuries, saddlecloths were made of felt. The Turkish verb čap- means, among other things, ʻto hit, to beatʼ. This refers to the old technique of felting. Wet wool was compressed by beating it into a felt cloth.

In honorem Sorin Paliga. Volum omagial, 2022

The origin of the Czech word magor ‘stupid, crazy’ is still unclear. Most Czech etymological dict... more The origin of the Czech word magor ‘stupid, crazy’ is still unclear. Most Czech etymological dictionaries state that magor was created by incorrectly breaking up the word fantasmagorie/fantazmagorie ‘phantasmagoria’. I believe that the Czech magor/magar comes from the Balkans, probably from the Romanian măgar ʻdonkey’, ‘stupid, jerk, idiot, asshole’, not from fantasmagorie/fantazmagorie ‘phantasmagoria’. In my opinion, the people of Moravia used to know both meanings of the word magor/magar: 1. ʻdonkey’, 2. ‘stupid, crazy’. The first, basic meaning of the word is preserved in Moravia in the saying dřít jak magor/magar ʻto work like a dog’. The form magor with the second, transferred meaning of the word has spread in everyday language throughout the Czech Republic.

Deutsch im interlingualen und interkulturellen Vergleich, 2022

JINÝ Kollár – Kollár versus JINÍ, 2021

In this article, I analyse Jan Kollár's theses on language contacts in his study O literarnéj vzá... more In this article, I analyse Jan Kollár's theses on language contacts in his study O literarnéj vzájemnosti mezi kmeny a nářečími slavskými [On literary reciprocity between Slavic tribes and vernaculars] (1836) and Über die literarische Wechselseitigkeit zwischen den verschiedenen Stämmen und Mundarten der slawischen Nation (1st German edition, 1837, 2nd modified German edition, 1844). In his work, Jan Kollár intended to give appropriate examples to emphasize the reciprocity of the Slavs, e.g. Rus./Serb. Бог - Cz. Bůh 'God'. In addition, his work shows Slavic - non-Slavic language contacts, such as the borrowing of foreign words from German and Hungarian into Czech, Slovak, Polish and Serbian, e.g. Cz. pytel 'bag', Slk. bičak 'pocketknife', Pol. hufnal 'horseshoe nail', Serb. шаргарепа 'carrot'.

Svět v obrazech a ve frazeologii II / World in Pictures and in Phraseology II, 2021

300 proverbs are analysed in the study not only in Czech, Slovak, Polish, Slovenian, Kroatian and... more 300 proverbs are analysed in the study not only in Czech, Slovak, Polish, Slovenian, Kroatian and Russian but also in German, English, French and Hungarian. These can be grouped as follows: 1. biblical idioms, 2. quotations from ancient works, 3. folk wisdom from Latin, 4. proverbs of unknown origin, 4.1 proverbs in Central European languages.

Новое в русской и славянской фразеологии, 2020

In the Book of Proverbs 26,27 Solomon, king of the United Kingdom of Israel, says: „Whoso diggeth... more In the Book of Proverbs 26,27 Solomon, king of the United Kingdom of Israel, says: „Whoso diggeth a pit shall fall therein: and he that rolleth a stone, it will return upon him.” This wisdom is known in many languages. In English are used idioms What goes around comes around and Curses, like chickens, come home to roost. / The chickens come home to roost. In this article such modified proverbs are analysed which spread on the Internet nowadays, e.g. Cz. Kdo jinému jámu kopá, (ten) je hrobník(em) / hrobař, Slk. Kto druhému jamu kope, (ten) je hrobár(om), Pol. Kto pod kim dołki kopie, ten jest grabarz(em), Sl. Kdor drugemu jamo koplje, je grobar / totngrobar, Cro. Tko drugom jamu kopa, je grobar, Ger. Wer anderen eine Grube gräbt, ist Totengräber / Bestatter / Leichenbestatter, Hun. Aki másnak vermet ás, az sírásó, that literally means ‘whoso diggeth a pit, is a gravedigger’.

Areal Convergence in Eastern Central European Languages and Beyond, 2020

Hungarisms in common German, Austrian German, East Austrian dialect and Slavic languages (Abstrac... more Hungarisms in common German, Austrian German, East Austrian dialect and Slavic languages (Abstract): In this study, I examine only those Hungarian loanwords that exist in different varieties of the German language, as well as in several Slavic languages. Hungarian loanwords can be divided into three groups. The first group contains Hungarisms, which are known throughout the German-speaking countries and in most Slavic countries (including Russia), e.g. Ger. Gulasch, Cz. guláš, Slk. guláš, guľáš, Pol. gulasz, Sl. golaž, B/C/S gulaš, Rus. гуляш ‘goulash’ < Hun. gulyás (hús) ‘meat of cattle herders’, to Hun. gulya ‘cattle herd’. The second group includes such expressions that occur in the languages of the peoples of the former Habsburg Monarchy, e.g. Austrian Ger. Palatschinke, Cz./Sl./B/C/S palačinka, Slk. palacinka, Pol. palaczinka ‘pancake’ < Hun. palacsinta ‘pancake’ < Rum. plăcintă ‘(apple) pie’< Lat. placenta ‘cake’, ‘uterine cake’. In the third group there are the loanwords from the Hungarian, which existed or are still used mainly in the neighbouring areas of present-day Hungary (in Burgenland, Serbia and Slovakia, where also Hungarian minority lives), e.g. East Austrian dial. Hotter, Slk. chotár, B/C/S hatar, atar ‘county line’ < Hun. határ ‘border’.

Abbreviations: B/C/S = Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian; Cz. = Czech; Ger. = German; Hun. = Hungarian; Lat. = Latin; Pol. = Polish; Rum. = Rumanian; Rus. = Russian; Sl. = Slovenian; Slk. = Slovak

Studia Slavica Hung., 2019

Szláv Metodika I.: Identitás és jövőkép a hazai nyelvoktatásban, a nemzetiségi nyelvoktatásban és a kultúrában, 2018

Abstract: In the article the Slavic Studies at the University of Szeged and at the University of ... more Abstract: In the article the Slavic Studies at the University of Szeged and at the University of Vienna are compared in the following aspects: fields of study that could be chosen, popularity of university fields, difficulties in language courses, the language of the courses, the diversity of students, course offerings, pros and cons of studying abroad, prestige of the universities, student life on campus and other relating topics.

Bohemica Olomucensia, 2018

On the origin of Czech farkaš and čabraka (Abstract): Hungarian farkas [fɒrkɒʃ] ‚crupper' was mos... more On the origin of Czech farkaš and čabraka (Abstract): Hungarian farkas [fɒrkɒʃ] ‚crupper' was most likely an adjective which was created from the noun fark ‚tail' with the suffix -as. Instead of the expression farkas szíj ‚strap under the (horse's) tail' was simply used farkas, which in the course of time was substantivised and borrowed into the Czech language. Czech čabraka, Slovak čabraka, čabrak, Polish czaprag ‚saddlecloth' most probably come via Hungarian csáprág [ʧaːpraːg] from Turkish çaprak. German Schabracke, Czech šabrak, šabraka, Slovak šabrak, šabraka, Polish szabrak, szabraka and Slovenian šabraka forms were borrowed via Hungarian sabrák [ʃɒbraːk] from Turkish şaprak.

Etymological Research into Czech. Proceedings of the Etymological Symposium Brno 2017, 12–14 September 2017, Brno, 2017

On the origin of Czech farkaš (Abstract): Veleslavín’s Nomenclator quadrilinguis includes the Lat... more On the origin of Czech farkaš (Abstract): Veleslavín’s Nomenclator quadrilinguis includes the Latin, Greek and German equivalents of Czech farkaš ‘postilena, ἵππουρις, Schwantzriem’. Jungmann’s dictionary describes the expression as functionally obsolete and gives its basis, i.e. Hungarian fark ‘tail’. Sulan sees the origin of the whole word in Hungarian farkvas. Machek refers to Sulan’s interpretation though he does not take the mentioned form under consideration. The compound farkvas from Hungarian farok, formerly fark ‘tail’ and vas ‘iron’ would mean the crupper was not made of leather but of iron. Hungarian farkas [fɒrkɒʃ] ‘crupper’ was most likely an adjective which was created from the noun fark ‘tail’ with the suffix -as. Instead of the expression farkas szíj ‘strap under the (horse’s) tail’ was simply used farkas, which in the course of time was substantivised and borrowed into the Czech language.

Svět v obrazech a ve frazeologii / World in Pictures and in Phraseology, 2017

Phraseologisms in the Central European languages (Abstract): In the study 100 selected phrasemes ... more Phraseologisms in the Central European languages (Abstract): In the study 100 selected phrasemes are analysed in the view of areal linguistics. It can be stated that many idioms function as internationalisms. Some phrasemes are typical for German, Czech and Hungarian though in other languages they are expressed with different phraseologisms or there is no existing idiomatic equivalent at all. Besides in Czech there are phrasemes which come from German idioms and include German loan words.

Intra- und interlinguale Zugänge zum kulinarischen Diskurs I, 2017

Na úprku před sebou samými, 2014

Od slova k modelu jazyka, 2013

Grammar mistakes in essays of Hungarian students of Czech Studies (Abstract): I examine and class... more Grammar mistakes in essays of Hungarian students of Czech Studies (Abstract): I examine and classify typical grammar mistakes are done by Hungarian bachelor students of Czech Studies in aspect of contact linguistics. These mistakes can be observed in the following language levels: phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicology.

«Вода» в славянской фразеологии и паремиологии / A víz a szláv frazeológiában és paremiológiában / Water in Slavonic Phraseology and Paremiology II, 2013