Abrasion Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Abrasive wear is an important component in failure analyses in mining equipment. This work relates to a wear test for mill components after the occurrence of a failure in an iron ore pelletizing plant at Vale’s Tubarao Complex, Vitoria, Brazil. The equipment involved is a ball mill, which is used to grind the pellet feed into extremely fine powder for use in pelletizing process. Metallurgical components of this mill, such as screws, shell and mill head, are analyzed in a milling system simulation using iron ore slurry in order to correlate the components loss weight with running time. The analysis results and the tribology involved in this iron ore grinding process are presented in this paper. Finally, the value of the inspection process is evidenced as a key factor at the prevention of failures, at the prediction of the life cycle of the mill's components and at the reliability of the production assets.
Keywords: :Abrasive Wear; Iron Ore; Pelletizing; Grinding.

- by
- •
- Life Cycle Assessment, Failure Analysis, Optical microscopy, Grinding

- by Gordana Bakic
- •
- Materials Science, Finite Element Methods, Metallurgy, Heat Treatment
- by Andrew Torrance
- •
- Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Modeling, Wear

An analytical ploughing model is used to compute the forces on a rigid, elliptical, i.e. ellipsoid and elliptic-paraboloid shaped, asperity sliding through a rigid-plastic substrate as a function of its axes size, ellipticity ratio and sliding orientation. The normal force due to the plastic deformation of the substrate and the tangential force due to the shearing of the asperity-substrate interface are calculated from the surface normal vector and the tangent vector along the direction of plastic flow. The elemental forces are integrated over the boundaries of the asperity-substrate contact to obtain the individual force components. In this way, an analytical model to study the effect of asperity geometry on ploughing forces has been developed and compared with the available theories .

- by Tanmaya Mishra
- •
- Friction Models, Abrasive wear, Abrasion, Ploughing
- by NOE HOIJMAN
- •
- Environmental Engineering, Tubular Steel, Ir, Stress Intensity Factor
- by Vicki Moon
- •
- Civil Engineering, Geochemistry, Mineralogy, Rock Mechanics
- by Klaus Vogel
- •
- Microstructure, Biomaterials, Multidisciplinary, FTIR

Coating and lamination are the finish process designed to add or improve specific properties of fabric and it depends on the polymer used and its recipe and also nature of substrate. The polymers used for coating comes in various nature from rigid to flexible according to the requirement. In this project work the polymers used were Thermoplastic polyurethane and poly vinyl chloride and were applied on polyester fabric by hot melt extrusion. Results were investigated for tear strength, Abrasion resistance and flexural rigidity keeping in mind fabrics application. Results suggest that TPU have more tear strength than PVC, also TPU is more abrasion resistant than PVC and more data are shown in the work.

- by Luís Fonseca
- •
- Biocorrosion, Abrasion, Abfraction, Noncarious Cervical Lesions
- by Abdul Shakoor
- •
- Civil Engineering, Methodology, Rock Mechanics, Compressive Strength

The demand for representative rock property parameters related to planning of underground excavations is increasing, as these parameters constitute fundamental input for obtaining the most reliable cost and time estimates. The Brittleness Value (S20), Sievers’ J-Value (SJ), Abrasion Value (AV) and Abrasion Value Cutter Steel (AVS) have been used extensively at NTNU/SINTEF since the 1960s in connection with drillability testing

- by Filip Dahl and +1
- •
- Civil Engineering, Rock Mechanics, Statistical Analysis, Cost Estimation
- by M. Krabbendam and +1
- •
- Earth Sciences, Geology, Geomorphology, Glaciology
- by Maria Barreiro
- •
- Chemical Engineering, Production, Chromatography, Scanning Electron Microscopy

DPSIR (Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Respon) adalah suatu kerangka umum untuk mengorganisir informasi tentang keadaan lingkungan. Kerangka berpikir dalam proses DPSIR merupakan model memberikan konteks yang general dan dapat... more

DPSIR (Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Respon) adalah suatu
kerangka umum untuk mengorganisir informasi tentang keadaan lingkungan.
Kerangka berpikir dalam proses DPSIR merupakan model memberikan konteks
yang general dan dapat diterapkan pada berbagai masalah wilayah.

- by Septia Wulandari
- •
- Response to Intervention, Impact Analysis, State-society relations, Abrasion
- by James Skibo and +1
- •
- Archaeology, Experimental Archaeology, Geochemistry, Archaeological Science
- by maxence Bigerelle
- •
- Dentistry, Statistical Analysis, Bootstrap (Statistics), Tribology

The damage caused by the combination of corrosion and wear processes on the materials that machine elements are produced causes huge losses in several industries such as mineral processing, chemical, petrochemical and power generation. Some devices that operate in harsh environments, such as centrifugal pumps for transportation of caustic liquor used in the industries of production of aluminum, undergo a rapid deterioration of their materials by the coexistence of corrosion and erosion at temperatures around 75°C. The aim of this work is to study new ways for the corrosive-erosive problems confronted by the aluminum and nickel
industries. Several coating materials in powder or wire form applied by GMA welding and HVOF thermal spray techniques are compared in erosion and erosion-corrosion tests.
Corrosion tests were performed for comparison. A solution of 1M NaOH was used as corrosive medium to get the polarization curves The temperature of the electrolyte was 25°C.
For pure erosion test, the slurry erosive agent was 4 liters of water and an erosive particle concentration of 400 g/l. Particles of ferric oxide, HRC = 40-50 and average diameter of 600
um, were used as erosive agent. The impact angle of 90° was tested, with impact velocity of the abrasive particles of 31 m / s. Tests were performed for each condition at a time of 2 hours
at intervals of 20 minutes. The results show that the best performance was that of the mixed stainless steel and Cobalt alloys welded coating even though the general resistance to erosive corrosive wear significantly favors cermets in relation to the other welded deposits.

- by Richard S Page
- •
- Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Abrasion, Bending
- by wen meng
- •
- Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Carbon, Wear

The concrete strength is reliant on many parameters like cement type, coarse aggregate (CA) and the interface between aggregate and mortar. However, generally the coarse aggregate plays a vital role on concrete strength as it occupies more volume compared to cement and fine aggregates. This effect on concrete strength varies as per the source, size, shape and different properties of coarse aggregate. So, the application of proper coarse aggregate in concrete can be achieved by investigating the properties of coarse aggregate by several laboratory tests. In this study it is intended to observe the variation of coarse aggregate properties based on different sources. Coarse aggregates of locally available four sources named as Bisanakandi (Sylhet), Bholagonj (Sylhet), Gujrat and Vietnam were collected. They were than tested for gradation, resistance to degradation by abrasion and impact of the Los Angles (LA) machine, specific gravity and absorption, unit weight and voids, aggregate impact value (AIV), and aggregate crushing value (ACV). The Bisanakandi CA showed highest apparent specific gravity, absorption capacity, void content, AIV and ACV as 3.01, 9.37%, 10.53%, 24.4% and 28.75% respectively. The Bholagonj CA showed highest fineness modulus (FM) as 6.82. The Gujrat CA showed highest bulk specific gravity (both OD and SSD basis) and unit weight as 2.57, 2.65 and 1719 kg/m 3 respectively. The Vietnam CA showed highest LA abrasion value as 17.5%. It was observed that the FM was higher for Bholagonj CA as they were more caosre compared to others and the FM was less for Gujrat CA as they were less coarse. As the FM increased, the LA abrasion value also increased significantly and vice versa. The specific gravity increased as the absorption of water reduced. The absorption was also reduced as the FM of the CA reduced and vice versa. Again, as the FM reduced the void content also reduced in CA resulting in higher average unit weight. The AIV and ACV were found incraesing with the increment of FM of the CA samples and vice versa.

- by Sajedur Rahman and +1
- •
- Absorption, Abrasion, Specific Gravity, Coarse Aggregates
- by Josef Eberhardsteiner
- •
- Engineering, Modeling, Finite element method, Finite Element
- by Gary Kaufmann
- •
- Textiles, Extreme Conditions (Physics), Wear, Author
- by Jens Emmerlich
- •
- Biomedical Engineering, Nanoindentation, Tribology, Atomic Force Microscopy
- by Patrick Kwon
- •
- Materials Engineering, Adhesion, Diffusion, Manufacturing Engineering

This article investigates a specific area of fabric friction, the friction of denim, from the aspect of design and manufacturing technology, with a focus on finishing. It highlights aspects of finishing which are in correlation with the friction factor of the textile, since the evaluation of the friction properties of the certain denim qualities, and evaluation of these properties supports improving the product quality, and helps the communication between actors of the garment supply chain avoiding misunderstandings and disputes between the parties involved. There are several methods known to determine the friction factor of the fabrics. There has not been made quality research regarding the denim fabrics, with a focus on the treatments used in this industry. However, these are almost without exception friction-related. This article attempts to introduce some of these treatments, focusing on the essential matters that highlight the essential issues of denim finishing as preparation of further research to examine the friction properties of entire denim fabrics.

- by Edit Csanák
- •
- Abrasion, Denim, Denim Finishing, textile friction
- by Jerzy Baldyga
- •
- Chemical Engineering, Turbulence, Carbon Dioxide, Modeling
- by ali gargouri
- •
- Engineering, Technology, Textiles, Biotechnology
- by N. Surian
- •
- Geology, Geomorphology, Mining, Models
- by Joerns Fickel
- •
- Evolutionary Biology, Zoology, Paleontology, Adaptation
- by Roger Hart
- •
- Earth Sciences, Marine Geology, Weight Loss, Radio Frequency Identification

On board the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft, launched in December of 1996, was a small roving vehicle named Sojourner. On Sojourner was an experiment to determine the abrasive characteristics of the Martian surface, called the Wheel Abrasion Experiment (WAE). The experiment worked as follows: one of the wheels of the rover had a strip of black anodized aluminum bonded to the tread upon which was deposited five patches or samples of three different metals ranging in thickness from 200Å to 1000Å. A series of candidate metals (Ag, Al, Au, Cu, Ni, Pt and W) were tested for suitability for the WAE. Optical, corrosion, abrasion and adhesion criteria were used to select aluminum, platinum and nickel. The photovoltaic sensor or photodetector developed for the WAE is described. As the wheel was spun in the Martian soil, thin patches of metal were abraded away, exposing the black surface. Abrasion of those samples was detected by the change in specular reflectance of sunlight as measured by a photodetector mounted above the wheel. The degree of abrasion occurring on the samples is discussed, along with comparisons to the abrasion seen in Earth-based laboratory experiments using Martian soil. Conclusions are reached about the hardness, grain size and angularity of the Martian simulant soil particles and about precautions to be undertaken to avoid abrasion on moving parts exposed to Martian dust.

- by Aloysius F . Hepp
- •
- Materials Design, Grain size, Abrasion, Material Properties
- by Irfan Ucun
- •
- Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Wear, Abrasion
- by Heli Koivuluoto and +1
- •
- Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Plasma spray coatings, Alumina

Vertical cylindrical vessel-chambers as a part of coal — drying plants, whose purpose is to collect wastewater, are supported at 3 points in upper dish head area and are made of fine-grained Mn steel plates, joined by welding. Significant thinning and leaking in upper dish head area of the vessel occurred due to original design provoking an intensive abrasion, cracking and rupture. After reconstruction, in the upper zone of cylindrical shell, two new joints were made in sity by manual arc welding, with subsequent, local post-weld heat treatment. However, cracks appeared firstly in new welded zones in radial and axial joints, and then in zones of openings. Later, the similar failure features began to appear in the area of original welded joints. All of these cracks were repaired by properly specified technology. Unfortunately, after some period of exploitation the initiation of new cracks was observed, at first by the visual inspection. This problem was detected in the repaired areas in all (16) vertical cylindrical vessels. Cracks have propagated in different directions with various penetration depths, up to 3 mm. It is interesting to note that crack appeared in the HAZ of vertical joints, while in the area of radial welded joints the cracks were randomly distributed in a larger zone. For cracks up to 3 mm, deep grinding was applied whereas for greater crack depths repair welding with local post-weld heat treatment was used. Since welding with subsequent heat treatment could only be used twice to repair the welded joints [1, 2], it is clear that in the areas repaired several times (up to 7) proper mechanical characteristics of the material is rather difficult to maintain.

- by Milos Djukic and +1
- •
- Materials Science, Finite Element Methods, Metallurgy, Welding Technology
- by Ryan L Kobrick and +1
- •
- Human Spaceflight, Space Exploration, Moon, Lunar Dust

The new NTNU Soil Abrasion Test (SAT) is a further development of the existing abrasion tests for rock (Bruland et al. 1995). Compared with the AVS test (T&TI April, p48), only one detail has been changed: a sieved soil sample <1mm is used instead of crushed rock powder <1mm. Test procedure To enable comparison with previous test results, and to take advantage of the extensive NTNU database it is considered important to follow the standardised NTNU abrasion test procedures as closely as possible. The following preparation of soil samples is therefore recommended, and has been followed for the testing described: In order to reduce or avoid changes of the original properties, soil samples should be dried gently in a ventilated oven at 30˚C for 2-3 days. The following techniques should be used after drying in order to disintegrate and separate particles for the abrasion powder: 1) Disintegration by use of a soft hammer. 2) Sieving with steel balls as gentle milling/disintegration...

- by Filip Dahl
- •
- Soil Mechanics, Comparative Study, Abrasion, Soil Test
- by Maksim Antonov
- •
- Materials Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Heat Treatment, Lubrication
- by Samuel Dellenbaugh
- •
- Orthopedic Surgery, Treatment, Humans, Rotator cuff
- by S. Komar Kawatra
- •
- Abrasion, Pelletization
- by Yannis Maniatis
- •
- Archaeology, Geochemistry, Electromagnetism, Archaeological Science
- by Stephen Tooth
- •
- Geology, Geomorphology, Geometry, Growth
- by Ryan L Kobrick
- •
- Human Spaceflight, Space Exploration, Moon, Lunar Dust
- by Ram Tripathi
- •
- Nuclear Physics, Technology Assessment, Radiation Protection, Data Bases
- by Roscoe Warner
- •
- Pharmacology, Wound Healing, Treatment Outcome, Curcumin

The taphonomy of the late Miocene fossiliferous deposit of Akkasdag ˘ i (Anatolia, Turkey) is presented. The study of bone surface shows fe w occurrences of weathering and carnivore action. Dissolution marks (roots, fungi and micro-organisms) are the most abundant traces found on the bone surface. The study of bone orientation and some field observations testify to the existence of

- by Andréa Valli
- •
- Biostratigraphy, Taphonomy, Weathering, Middle East

Small Solar System bodies such as asteroids, comets and Mars’ moons Phobos and Deimos have relatively unknown regolith environments. It is hypothesized that dust preserved in the regolith on the surfaces will have similar mechanical properties to lunar dust because of similar formation processes from micrometeorite bombardment, low relative gravity for slow settling times, and virtually no weathering because there is no atmosphere. This combination of processes infers that small-body dust particles will be highly angular and retain abrasive properties. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of science instruments that could be utilized by landers and rovers on Small Bodies. The paper uses a specific mission architecture example and engineering design entailing the deployment of “spacecraft/rover hybrids” from a mother spacecraft, which are minimalistic, internally-actuated surface mobility platforms capable of achieving both large surface coverage and fine mobility. Specifically, we first summarize regolith properties are summarized in order to identify technologies that may be useful for exploration in terms of scientific return and spacecraft design. Then, we provide an overview of past, current, and proposed scientific instruments that potentially could be deployed on the aforementioned spacecraft/rover hybrids. Finally, opportunities for instrumentation and hardware payloads are highlighted that include low mass solutions or dual-purpose instruments that can measure regolith or dust properties. Understanding the regolith can help answer many key questions about our solar system’s age, how it was formed, and how we may be able to use its resources to explore further.

- by Ryan L Kobrick and +2
- •
- Dust (Astronomy & Astrophysics), Spaceflight, Space Exploration, Abrasion

It is well known that the chemical reaction between an oxide layer and a water-based slurry produces a softer hydroxylated interface layer. During chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP), it is assumed that material removal occurs by the plastic deformation of this interface layer. In this paper, the behavior of the hydroxylated layer is modeled as a perfectly plastic, material, and a mechanistic model for material removal rate (MRR) in CMP is developed. The deformation profile of the soft pad is approximated as the bending of a thin elastic beam. In addition to the dependence of MRR on pressure and relative velocity, the proposed plasticity-based model is also capable of delineating the effects of pad and slurry properties. The plasticity-based model is utilized to explore the effects of various design parameters (e.g., abrasive shape, size and concentration, and pad stiffness) on the MRR. Model predictions are compared with existing experimental observations from glass polishing, lapping, and CMP

- by Sumit Guha
- •
- Manufacturing Engineering, Plastics, Abrasion, Chemical Reaction

This paper assesses the mechanisms and pathways by which peat blocks are eroded and transported in upland fluvial systems. Observations and experiments from the north Pennines (UK) have been carried out on two contrasting river systems. Mapping of peat block distributions and appraisal of reach-based sediment budgets clearly demonstrates that macro-size peat is an important stream load component. In small streams block sizes can approximate the channel width and much of the peat is transported overbank. Local ‘peat jams’ and associated mineral deposition may provide an important component of channel storage. In larger systems peat blocks rapidly move down-channel and undergo frequent exchanges between bed and bank storage. Results of peat block tracing using painted blocks indicate that once submerged, blocks of all sizes are easily transported and blocks break down rapidly by abrasion. Vegetation and bars play an important role in trapping mobile peat. In smaller streams large block transport is limited by channel jams. Smaller blocks are transported overbank but exhibit little evidence of downstream fining. In larger rivers peat blocks are more actively sorted and show downstream reduction in size from source. A simple model relating peat block diameter (Dp) to average flow depth (d) suggests three limiting transport conditions: flotation (Dp < d), rolling (d < Dp > d/2) and deposition (Dp > d/2). Experiments demonstrate that peat block transport occurs largely by rolling and floating and the transport mechanism is probably controlled by relative flow depth (d/Dp ratio). Transport velocity varies with transport mechanism (rolling is the slowest mode) and transport lengths increase as flow depth increases. Abrasion rates vary with the transport mechanism. Rolling produces greater abrasion rates and more rounded blocks. Abrasion rates vary from 0 to 10 g m−1 for blocks ranging in mass from 10 to 6000 g. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

- by Jeff Warburton
- •
- Geology, Peat, Sediment transport, Deposition