Community-based enterprise for poverty alleviation Research Papers (original) (raw)

Le Nudge : un mot à la mode, une technique, un modèle, une théorie ?..
Quelles applications des "incitations douces" en appui à l'entrepreneuriat et aux PME ?
Partie 1 : Communication incitative et l'approche nudge, un bref aperçu des tenants et des aboutissants, basé sur l'article invité
Partie 2 : Applications dans l'accompagnement des PME : quelques résultats d'une recherche-intervention
Conclusion : au-delà de l'application, vers une éthique du nudge
Voir la présentation enligne : https://prezi.com/view/PvHxihPGBfzSsyWfMxgk/

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- Communication, Development Studies, Community Development, Communication for Development

Shimla town, popularly known queen of hills in Himachal Pradesh, is facing the problems typically faced by any hilly region like unplanned urbanization, illegal encroachments, violation of planning/ building norms, soil erosion, flooding, scarcity of buildable land, emergence of linear urban corridors, inaccessibility of certain areas, uneven development of urban system etc. The development pattern of Shimla is governed by its topographical constraints like steep slopes, elongated hilly spurs, forest areas, and zones of perpetual sun shades. Due to extremely limited vehicular accessibility and dependence on pedestrian movement, the development of Shimla is concentrated in limited area. The ridge and southern side are densely populated due to gradual slopes and sunny side of the southern side which are more amenable for development. Thus all major land uses are located on the
southern face of Shimla. The high growth of population coupled with the floating population is exerting heavy pressure on the existing infrastructure and also leading to encroachments, unauthorized constructions, construction activities not incompatible with the traditional culture and heritage of the city. The study highlights important issues in the city in the context of housing, basic services and urban poverty alleviation. Housing for the urban poor has emerged a crucial issue as it is skewed in favour of rich sections. The pace of housing and basic services under JNNURM is very slow which is affecting the quality of life in the city. The tourists exert additional pressure on crucial infrastructure and basic services and disturb the living equilibrium of the local citizens during peak tourist months. The pace of poverty alleviation programmes is also very poor and slums and poverty are affecting social fabric of the city. The study suggests actionable strategies for improving housing, basic services and livelihood for eradication of urban poverty.

- by Manoj Kumar Teotia
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- Urban Geography, Housing in Developing Areas, Poverty, Water resources

Flooding and poverty are the two social problems that have coexisted within the rural communities of Tsholotsho district. As a result, both problems have negatively affected and disrupted the everyday pattern of lives of people living in the district. This study sought to highlight how the two problems combine to impact human societies. The objectives that the study sought to fulfil were to establish the impact of flooding on the development of rural communities, to analyse how poverty manifests itself in rural communities, to analyse the relationship that exists between flooding and poverty and to suggest ways for dealing with the two problems. A qualitative research approach, using interviews and observations, was used to gather data from the research participants. The study findings were that flooding impeded development through shifting of human populations, destruction of crops, shelter and livestock. Floods also affected human capital through causing injuries to members of the community. Poverty manifested itself in three ways – as a development barrier, a vulnerability
amplifier and a non-discriminatory agent. The study further found that a strong relationship exists between flooding and poverty because of the fact that flooding causes or worsens poverty, whereas poverty increases flood vulnerability. The study concluded that the poor
need government assistance to reconstruct shelter destroyed by floods. Furthermore, programs aimed at improving livelihoods of the poor are an indispensable imperative. This study informs policymakers and offers a methodological significance to development and disaster
practitioners. It also adds to the body of literature on flooding and poverty.

- by Oliver Mtapuri and +1
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- Sociology of Disaster, Disaster Medicine, Development Studies, Climate Change

Il volume Community Energy Map è il risultato di una ricerca, condotta da RSE e Luiss Business School, sullo stato dell’arte delle comunità dell’energia in Italia. Nel volume sono presenti diverse chiavi di lettura del fenomeno, a partire dall’analisi del quadro normativo nazionale e regionale italiano. Tramite diversi metodi di ricerca (mappature, desk analysis, clusterizzazioni, focus group e interviste), il volume presenta una serie di riflessioni sugli elementi di innovazione delle iniziative, con attenzione ai contesti territoriali e alle caratteristiche organizzative. Nel capitolo conclusivo, sono infine elaborate alcune raccomandazioni indirizzate ai policy makers e ai progettisti, orientate allo sviluppo di comunità dell’energia capaci di innescare virtuosi processi di sviluppo economico locale con attenzione all’impatto sociale e ambientale prodotto nei territori.

- by Lorenzo De Vidovich and +1
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- Community-based enterprise for poverty alleviation, ENERGIA, Energie Rinnovabili, Renewable Energy and Climate Change

This article tells the story of the Raja Ampat Homestay Association-a community organisation located in the Dampier Strait off the western tip of New Guinea, in Indonesia. In four years, the Association's members have built an ecotourism sector consisting of over sixty, family-run homestay businesses, with an annual turnover of USD 1.5 million. In doing so, they have recast the conservation agenda as a means to control, sustain, and make a better living from the places that they have inherited through custom. In this article, we explore the impact that this has had on Raja Ampat's people and environment. We describe how we worked with the Homestay Association to support this transformation, including the methods we used. Finally, we reflect on what it takes-as facilitators-to empower people as agents of their own development.

- by Thalia Mulvihill
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- Teaching and Learning, Social Sciences, Reflective Practice, Teacher Education

Despite the significant presence of women in seaweed production in Indonesia, most of the data collected in official statistics fail to capture their participation. These data gaps reinforce the policy neglect of gender issues in seaweed culture that also affects strategy to increase seaweed production and quality. This study examines the role of women and men in seaweed production in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Indonesia. The case study took place in three districts (Alor, Rote and Kupang districts) which represent the production area of seaweed in NusaTenggaraTimur (NTT). The study presents the different characteristics of producers, including their socioeconomic classes, and ethnic groups. A value chain analysis was used to provide insights and to help develop strategies to improve women'scontributions to increasing seaweed production. The results demonstrate that men and women contribute similar amounts of labour to most processes in seaweed production in NTT. Therefore, to address issues of improving production and quality, women and men farmers need comprehensive basic and upgraded skills to reduce post-harvest losses. The involvement of both genders in seaweed farming needs recognition and both need to be taken seriously in the planning, and implementation of initiatives in order to improve production and quality.

- by r f and +1
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- Gender, Community-based enterprise for poverty alleviation, Value chain analysis, Small scale fisheries
- by An Yski
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- Education, Non-profit Management, Education Policy, Nonprofit Education

This book contributes to the debates on the production and eradication of poverty in the global South. It collects a set of innovative articles concentrating on the way in which poverty, as a social process, has been addressed by popular movements and the governments of various states across the globe. Providing new insights into the limitations of traditional strategies to confront poverty, it highlights how social organizations are working to transform the livelihoods of people through bottom-up struggle and more participatory approaches rather than passively waiting for top-down solutions.

- by Aaron L. Rosenberg and +1
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- Cultural Studies, Media and Cultural Studies, Popular Music Studies, Popular Music

1 Chinese proverb: BETTER teach a man to catch fish than give him fish 1.0 INTRODUCTION One of the contributions of this chapter is to lend weight to the current discourse on asset-based measures of poverty and argue in support of Carter and Barrett (2005) 2 who propose an extension of the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) class of poverty measures. This chapter goes beyond asset-threshold and posits assets-income-based and networth measures of poverty applied to the FGT class of poverty measures. A binary classification of assets into tangible 3 and intangible is introduced representing what is called in this article the hardware and the software respectively 4. This chapter discusses the former, the hardware. I would like to use this classification to argue that while a lot of poverty studies focus on intangible assets (the software) such as education (literacy), health (longevity, fertility etc), only a few studies have focused on tangible assets (hardware) in the measurement of poverty hence it is given distinct prominence in this thesis. Tangibles include tractors, land, scotch carts, livestock and stocks (grain, seed). I entwine my work with that of Carter and Barrett (2005) with respect to the FGT class of poverty measures to broaden the scope of application of the tools they propose. This chapter is divided into five sections. Section 2 provides the background and is followed by a literature review as Section 3 which contains a brief appraisal of FGT extensions as proposed by Carter and Barrett (2005). In Section 4, I propose my own extensions to the FGT class of measures. Section 5 concludes. 2 This paper by Carter and Barrett (2005) is downloadable, see internet 2in the reference section. 3 Tangible assets are physical and material assets that have physical substance i.e. shape and form, and can be touched for example cash, land, and buildings. Intangibles describes assets that do not have a physical, tangible existence but are usually non-monetary in nature. Examples of intangible assets could include goodwill, brand value or patents, skills, knowledge and creativity etc. 4 It is quite tempting to categorise these further as concrete and abstract; objective and subjective respectively.

- by Oliver Mtapuri
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- Child Poverty, Poverty, Community Development, Health inequality

Despite the growing attention given to community-based initiativesin the delivery of public services, little is known about their durabil-ity. This article focuses on Dutch community enterprises (CEs) asan emerging form of community-based initiatives in urban regener-ation. Due to their self-organizing and (largely) voluntary character,CEs face considerable governance challenges to sustain activitiesover time. Based on the literature, we examine the interplay of fourkey conditions in relation to their durability: social capital, entrepre-neurial community leadership, supportive relationships with institu-tional key players and a strong business model. Based on an fsQCAof 12 cases, the main conclusion is that the presence of social capi-tal, strong entrepreneurial leadership and a strong business modelis the most important configuration leading to a durableCE. Government support is not found to be a necessary or suffi-cient condition, but its absence is part of the explanation of non-durability.

- by Ingmar van Meerkerk and +1
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- Self-Organization, Community Engagement & Participation, Social Capital, Urban Regeneration

Despite the growing evidence on the importance of the neighbourhood, entrepreneurship studies have largely neglected the role of neighbourhoods. This book addresses the nexus between entrepreneurship, neighbourhoods and communities, confirming not only the importance of ‘the local’ in entrepreneurship, but also filling huge gaps in the knowledge base regarding this tripartite relationship. This open access introduction outlines a general conceptual framework of entrepreneurship, neighbourhoods and communities that lies at the basis of the in-depth analyses in the consecutive chapters. It subsequently summarizes all chapters and concludes with the identification of several directions for future research on the nexus between entrepreneurship, neighbourhoods and communities.

- by Reinout Kleinhans and +2
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- Entrepreneurship, Social Capital, Communities and Innovation, Community-based enterprise for poverty alleviation

The majority of Angola's peri-urban population still rely on informal mechanisms for water supply. This water is expensive and of poor quality, representing a significant household expenditure for the urban poor. The article uses qualitative tools and tracking of the supply chain to analyze the scope of the informal water economy in Luanda. Marketing water at the local household level involves significant trading in social capital. A financially sustainable model of community water management that builds on this neighbourhood social capital has been adopted by the government for implementation across the country.

- by ALLAN CAIN
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- Water, Informal Economy, Angola, Community-based enterprise for poverty alleviation

The objectives of this participatory action research (PAR) were: 1)
to develop community enterprise in Chainat province area by using participatory communication of all stakeholders for the aim of sustainable development 2) to cultivate and empower Chainat people with knowledge about participatory communication and local development research and 3) to integrate with Communication Arts Research course in Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, semester 1/2018. The methodology of this research was the mixed method approach. There were 7 research processes; 1) planning and co-operating with all stakeholders. 2) community context analysis by A-I-C participatory planning 3) media use survey 4) empowerment and knowledge diffusion 5) participatory media production 6) participatory communication evaluation and 7) utilization of research results.
The research outcome showed the production of participatory media production of community products in Chainat province can generate more income and expand employment in the area of study, also leading to sustainable socio-economic development. This outcome was indicated by the 70% growth on sale account of 7 community enterprise product lines which was the case study of this research. The research finding also showed the success of communication participatory of all stakeholders both in local section and academic section. Meanwhile, PAR was taken main action on cultivating the research attitude as well among local researchers and new researchers of Chandrakasem Rajabhat University. The main outstanding of this study was the research process which is the communication mechanic to community in Chainat province for reaching the aim of development and value creation of community products promoting local wisdom and create good social well-being.

The Solomon Islands, with less than a million people scattered across 1,000 islands and speaking over 70 different languages, are among the most remote places on earth. Savings Clubs reflect the aspirations of the villagers to improve their lives, educate their children and develop their communities. This Savings Club Practice Guide has been designed for these unique conditions. Built around 'savings plans', it supports member desires to buy useful products like solar panels and outboard canoes. It uses 'oral information management' (OIM) tools to make financial services more usable for a population where illiteracy remains common. Both of these approaches are new to microfinance, and the OIM approach is detailed in practice here for the first time.

In many European countries, community-based entrepreneurship is increasingly considered as a means to initiate small-scale urban regeneration. However, residents in deprived neighbourhoods are often viewed to lack key entrepreneurial skills. Most research on community entrepreneurship support is based on cross-sectional studies and overly focussed on government support. This paper extends current knowledge by reporting a unique national experiment in the Netherlands (2012-2015) with community enterprises receiving support from a private foundation. The paper aims to investigate how active citizens perceive the benefits and drawbacks of this support. Using a unique longitudinal approach, the paper analyses transcriptions of repeated semi-structured interviews (panel design) from community enterprises in several neighbourhoods. While positive feedback is found, the study provides strong evidence for a 'support paradox': the support that was intended to overcome a number of entry barriers and difficulties on the road to community entrepreneurship has significantly hampered progress among several community enterprises.

Bewonersbedrijven zijn in Nederland sterk in opkomst en veelbelovend maar hebben vaak nog last van kinderziektes. Het vinden van een succesvol verdienmodel is lastig en starre wetgeving is vaak fnuikend. Gemeenten lijken nog niet klaar voor omgang met bewonersorganisatie van onderop. Tot deze conclusie komen onderzoekers van de TU Delft (Faculteit Bouwkunde, Afdeling OTB) in hun rapport Kennisontwikkeling Experiment Bewonersbedrijven.