Diagnostic Imaging Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

由于其扩张外周血管的作用和抑制血小板聚集的活性，前列腺素E1用于治疗可能引起外周循环衰竭或血栓的疾病。在日本，通过修饰传统的PGE1开发为有靶向性的脂微球PGE1。此种脂微球PGE1已用于临床并发现在临床实践中有用。本报告中，我们试图描述脂微球PGE1的临床用途，集中在已批准为其指征的疾病。

This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and clinical features of avascular necrosis of bone in 69 transplant recipients all of whom had a functioning allograft for at least 12 months. An attempt was also made to identify any... more

This study was undertaken to determine the incidence and clinical features of avascular necrosis of bone in 69 transplant recipients all of whom had a functioning allograft for at least 12 months. An attempt was also made to identify any potential predisposing factors. The patients were assessed by an orthopaedic surgeon. The diagnosis of avascular necrosis was made on the basis of radiographs and isotope bone scans. Fourteen patients (20.2%) developed avascular necrosis with a mean onset of 19 months post-transplantation. The hip joint was most commonly affected. The isotope bone scan was the most sensitive diagnostic tool; abnormalities were detected before the onset of symptoms in 4 patients. Avascular necrosis was more common in Indian transplant recipients and was also associated with: (i) cadaver transplants; (ii) more frequent bouts of acute rejection (P < 0.05); and (iii) a greater incidence of other steroid-associated side-effects (P < 0.05). Alcohol consumption and radiological evidence of osteoporosis were more prevalent in the avascular necrosis group (42.8% v. 29.0% and 28.5% v. 7.2% respectively). Avascular necrosis did not correlate with age, sex, renal function at 1 year or severe secondary hyperparathyroidism. This study suggests that corticosteroid therapy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of avascular necrosis. Excessive alcohol consumption and osteoporosis also appear to be risk factors.

Internal accumulation of the topical hemostatic agent Surgicel can mimic fluid collections that might be misdiagnosed as an abscess or a hematoma upon 3 common postoperative imaging methods. Herein, we report the unusual case of a neonate... more

Internal accumulation of the topical hemostatic agent Surgicel can mimic fluid collections that might be misdiagnosed as an abscess or a hematoma upon 3 common postoperative imaging methods. Herein, we report the unusual case of a neonate who underwent surgical repair of complex congenital heart conditions and then required early re-exploration, prompted by initial suspicion of mediastinitis on the basis of computed tomographic findings. During reoperation, it was determined that the mass on computed tomography was an accumulation of oxidized Surgicel. We discuss the capabilities and limitations of various imaging methods in the achievement of an accurate differential diagnosis.

A 7‐year‐old male Husky dog developed atrophy of the right masseter muscle and pruritis of the right side of the face. A myogenic origin was excluded using muscular biopsy. Electrophysiologically, there was involvement of the motor and... more

A 7‐year‐old male Husky dog developed atrophy of the right masseter muscle and pruritis of the right side of the face. A myogenic origin was excluded using muscular biopsy. Electrophysiologically, there was involvement of the motor and sensory fibers of the trigeminal nerve, suggesting a lesion located between the brainstem and the trigeminal ganglion. On MRI examination, a nodular mass was detected in the right caudal fossa. This mass was characterized by intense enhancement after injection of contrast medium. Because of the progressive clinical signs, electrophysiology, and MRI results, a presumptive diagnosis of a trigeminal nerve schwannoma was made. The animal's condition improved slightly with corticosteroids. The dog underwent euthanasia 3 months after initial presentation. Necropsy was not performed.

Lymphocytes infected with the protozoan parasiteTheileria parvaare transformed to permanently proliferating cells, an event underlying the pathology of the disease. However, the molecular signalling mediating this process is complex and... more

Lymphocytes infected with the protozoan parasiteTheileria parvaare transformed to permanently proliferating cells, an event underlying the pathology of the disease. However, the molecular signalling mediating this process is complex and poorly understood. Here, we show that down-regulation of JNK signalling by transient over expression of a dominant-negative mutant of JNK (JNK-APF) significantly increases Annexin-V-phycoerythrin (V-PE) labelling on infected B cell populations observed using flow cytometry. To establish whether this increase was specifically due to apoptosis, we used a novel single-cell imaging method: micro-rotation (MR)-imaging, designed to allow high-resolution 3-dimensional imaging of single cells in suspension. With this method we visualized subcellular patterns of V-PE uptake and chromatin organization in lymphocytes co-transfected with JNK-APF and GFP-tagged histone-H2B. This single-cell approach allowed us to clearly reveal characteristic apoptotic phenotypes...

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare idiopathic disease characterized by the clonal proliferation of bone marrow derived Langerhans cells. It usually occurs in children. Their clinical features simulate common oral findings such... more

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare idiopathic disease characterized by the clonal proliferation of bone marrow derived Langerhans cells. It usually occurs in children. Their clinical features simulate common oral findings such as gingival enlargement, oral ulcers, and mobility of teeth, along with nonspecific radiographic features, thus easily leading to the misdiagnosis and therefore, it could be overlooked by dentists. We report a rare case of LCH in 38‐year‐old adult male, characterized by oral mucosal ulcerations with no involvement of the underlying bone. The lesion was histologically proven to be LCH and was confirmed with immunohistochemical staining of S100 protein and CD1a antigen.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for approximately 30% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases in adult series. DLBCL is characterized by marked clinical and biological heterogeneity, encompassing up to 16 distinct... more

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for approximately 30% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases in adult series. DLBCL is characterized by marked clinical and biological heterogeneity, encompassing up to 16 distinct clinicopathological entities. While current treatments are effective in 60% to 70% of patients, those who are resistant to treatment continue to die from this disease. An expert panel performed a systematic review of all data on the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of DLBCL published in PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE up to December 2017. Recommendations were classified in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework, and the proposed recommendations incorporated into practical algorithms. Initial discussions between experts began in March 2016, and a final consensus was reached in November 2017. The final document was reviewed by all authors in February 2018 and by the Scientific Committee of the Spanish L...

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of central corneal power measurements by Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam) for eyes that had corneal refractive surgery. Methods: This study comprised two groups: a pilot group of 100 eyes with prior... more

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of central corneal power measurements by Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam) for eyes that had corneal refractive surgery. Methods: This study comprised two groups: a pilot group of 100 eyes with prior hyperopic or myopic LASIK that did not have cataract surgery, and a test group of 41 eyes with prior radial keratotomy (RK) and cataract surgery. In the pilot group, Pentacam images and refraction were taken preoperatively and 3 months after LASIK. The historical method was used to compute the theoretical postoperative keratometry (K) -reading and then compared to the measured equivalent K-reading (EKR) from the Pentacam. The EKR is the same value measured by standard keratometry or topography on the front surface, adjusted for the effect of the back surface power difference from normal. In the test group of RK eyes, the postoperative refraction and EKR were measured 3 months after cataract surgery. The Holladay IOL Consultant Program was used to back-calc...

1. Department of Dental & Maxillofacial Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Garba Nadama Road, Sokoto, Nigeria. 2. Department of Histopathology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria , Aliyu... more

1. Department of Dental & Maxillofacial Surgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Garba Nadama Road, Sokoto, Nigeria. 2. Department of Histopathology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria , Aliyu Quarters, Sokoto. 3. Department of oral & maxillofacial Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Staff quarters, Lagos university Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.

Since ancient times, people have yearned to attribute human behaviors to a physical source within the head. Recently, neuroimaging technologies have given us the technical ability to look at the living brain, its structures, and some of... more

Since ancient times, people have yearned to attribute human behaviors to a physical source within the head. Recently, neuroimaging technologies have given us the technical ability to look at the living brain, its structures, and some of its functions without the need for invasive procedures. However, the science has a long way to go before these technologies can allow us fully to appreciate the anatomical and physiologic underpinnings of human thoughts, states of mind, motives, will, or behaviors.In this Article, we use an historical overview to introduce the various new technologies for imaging the brain. Today, the goal of medical science is the same as it has always been: to make medical technologies valid, useful, effective, and safe; and to guide appropriate uses while protecting the public from the misuse of them. Brain images are particularly vulnerable to misuse because they are so visually attractive. This visual power can easily result in misunderstanding about what the im...

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of tuberculosis and its types in patients admitted in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. And to make the patients aware of possible consequences of tuberculosis and protective measures that should be... more

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of tuberculosis and its types in patients admitted in Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. And to make the patients aware of possible consequences of tuberculosis and protective measures that should be taken. Materials and Methods: A consecutive case series was done among 150 diagnosed tuberculosis patients of age group 14 to 75 years admitted in different medical units of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore during a period of three months (from September 2011 to November 2011). Data was collected by interviewing the patients using a self administered questionnaire and also by extracting their history files. Information sought included demographic data, signs and symptoms, and risk factors of TB. Results: A total of 150 patients, majority 79% male participated in the study. About half of the patients were of age group 30-50 years. A large proportion of the patients 81% were illiterate and belong to the lower socioeconomic class. Almost 59% of cases had pu...

Infrared examination of Bernardo Strozzi’s The cook

Introduction: Dependence of ultrasonography on the operator’s skill plays a major role in the differences between various studies in reporting its diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, the present study was done with the aim of comparing the... more

Introduction: Dependence of ultrasonography on the operator’s skill plays a major role in the differences between various studies in reporting its diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, the present study was done with the aim of comparing the ultrasonography findings performed by emergency medicine resident and radiologist in evaluation of acute cholecystitis. Methods: The present diagnostic accuracy study has been carried out on patients presenting to the emergency department with complaint of pain in the right upper quadrant of abdomen suspected with acute cholecystitis. All the patients underwent gallbladder ultrasonography by a trained emergency medicine resident and a radiologist and their findings were compared with surgical and pathology findings regarding gallstone and increased gallbladder wall thickness. Results: 51 patients with the mean age of 42.3±15.8 (17-81) years were analyzed (82.4% female). The overall agreement between emergency medicine resident and radiologist in ultra...

The suspicion of mediastinal alterations, always includes in its initial study, the chest radiography. The identification of mediastinal alterations in the X-ray is a priority. The knowledge of the mediastinal references and the... more

The suspicion of mediastinal alterations, always includes in its initial study, the chest radiography. The identification of mediastinal alterations in the X-ray is a priority. The knowledge of the mediastinal references and the identification of their alterations allows the suspicion of a pathology specific to each of the mediastinal spaces. When the semiology of mediastinal lesions, their location and the three most frequent pathologies are taken into account, the possibility of having an etiological diagnosis increases[1]. This is a review article based on a detailed literature search, in which radiological mediastinal references are studied, with emphasis on the epidemiological data of each one of them.

Caracterización de una población de pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar intersticial

Administrative data are critical to describing patterns of use, cost, and appropriateness of imaging in emergency care. These data encompass a range of source materials that have been collected primarily for a nonresearch use: documenting... more

Administrative data are critical to describing patterns of use, cost, and appropriateness of imaging in emergency care. These data encompass a range of source materials that have been collected primarily for a nonresearch use: documenting clinical care (e.g., medical records), administering care (e.g., picture archiving and communication systems), or financial transactions (e.g., insurance claims). These data have served as the foundation for large, descriptive studies that have documented the rise and expanded role of diagnostic imaging in the emergency department (ED). This article summarizes the discussions of the breakout session on the use of administrative data for emergency imaging research at the May 2015 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference, "Diagnostic Imaging in the Emergency Department: A Research Agenda to Optimize Utilization." The authors describe the areas where administrative data have been applied to research evaluating the use of diagnostic i...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver, due to causes other than excessive alcohol use. NAFLD is a continuum of liver abnormalities, from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL)... more

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver, due to causes other than excessive alcohol use. NAFLD is a continuum of liver abnormalities, from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). These diseases begin with fatty accumulation in the liver (hepatic steatosis). A liver can remain fatty without disturbing liver function (NAFL), but by various mechanisms and possible insults to the liver, it may also progress into a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a state in which steatosis is combined with inflammation and sometimes fibrosis (steatohepatitis). The development of emerging biomarkers of disease has become a major focus of interest in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The large prevalence of the disease and the invasive nature of the investigation mean that screening with liver biopsy is impractical. In addition to screening, the differentiation of those with simple steatosis ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability and the reliability of diffusion-weighted MR imaging to differentiate benign from malignant renal lesions. Twenty healthy volunteers and 48 patients with known renal lesions underwent... more

The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability and the reliability of diffusion-weighted MR imaging to differentiate benign from malignant renal lesions. Twenty healthy volunteers and 48 patients with known renal lesions underwent MR of the kidneys by using a 1.5 T superconductive magnet. Diffusion-weighted images (DWI) were obtained on the axial plane during breathhold (17 s) with a SE EPI single shot sequence using a b value of 500 s/mm2. One region of interest (ROI) (lesions < than 3 cm) or 3 ROI (lesions > than 3 cm) were placed within the lesion for the measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). ADC map was obtained at each slice position. Mean ADC value in normal renal parenchyma was 2.2 +/- 0.20 x 10(-3) mm2/s, while ADC values in simple cysts (n = 20) were higher (mean ADC values 3.65 +/- 0.09 x 10(-3) mm2/s). Solid benign and malignant renal tumors (n = 19) showed a mean ADC value of 1.7 +/- 0.48 x 10(-3) mm2/sec. The comparison between ADC values in normal parenchyma group and tumour group were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001). ADC values of cystic renal cell carcinomas were higher than those of clear cell carcinomas (p < 0.001). In conclusion, DW MRI of the kidney seems to be a reliable means for differentiating normal renal parenchyma from different renal tumors.

In the current era of equipment, a number of potential point care devices have been developed and these have paved the way for the next generation point care test. Heart disease requires a global average of life expectancy. Heart disease... more

In the current era of equipment, a number of potential point care devices have been developed and these have paved the way for the next generation point care test. Heart disease requires a global average of life expectancy. Heart disease factors are on the rise today due to a poor diet high in saturated fat, salt and sugar, but people have a poor lifestyle. Factors combined with complementary and advanced methods provide information that clearly shows the increasing trend of cardiovascular disease prevalence. It is very important that advanced health management is achieved by making appropriate decisions based on rapid diagnosis, intelligence data analysis and information analysis. On-site monitoring ensures that early detection of diagnoses facilitates better diagnosis, control and management of the disease. It also facilitates rapid medical decisions as the disease can be diagnosed at an early stage, leading to better health outcomes for patients, prompting them to begin treatment sooner. Currently, oral medications or invasive surgery are prescribed for the treatment of vascular disease. Large gap of drugs with new therapies for better patient outcomes. Nanotechnology provides more effective therapeutic solutions with better prognosis and reduced side effects.

Background: To assess the clinicopathological outcome of women with adnexal masses . Method: In this observational study patients with a diagnosis of adnexal mass, who underwent laparotomy, were included. All the patients were evaluated... more

Background: To assess the clinicopathological outcome of women with adnexal masses . Method: In this observational study patients with a diagnosis of adnexal mass, who underwent laparotomy, were included. All the patients were evaluated by a complete history, general abdominal and pelvic examination, followed by ultrasonography. Their preoperative findings are then correlated with surgical findings and histopathological diagnosis. Descriptive statistics are applied and results shown in the form of frequencies and percentages. Result: In 50 patients commonest presenting symptom was pain abdomen followed by mass abdomen. Ultrasound features correlate well with histopathological features. Majority (94.6%) patients had benign adnexal pathology and 5.4% had malignant pathology. Most common neoplasms were surface epithelial tumours followed by dermoid cyst. Conclusion:Demographic detail, ultrasonography and CA-125 are good preoperative indicators of malignant nature or benign nature of ad...

Epstein-Barr virus is an infection that is known as infectious mononucleosis. Even though the central nervous system is not a primary region of involvement of this disease, neurological complications are reported rarely. In this case... more

Epstein-Barr virus is an infection that is known as infectious mononucleosis. Even though the central nervous system is not a primary region of involvement of this disease, neurological complications are reported rarely. In this case report, we evaluated a 15-month-old male who presented to the pediatric neurology clinic due to high fever and a neurologic attack. His serological tests and radiological examinations (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and MR perfusion) were consistent with Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis, which is a very rare complication of infectious mononucleosis. Additionally, we discuss the MRI, MRS, DWI and MR perfusion findings of our case, which were different from other cases reported in the literature.

Background: Liposynovitis prepatellaris (Hoffa's syndrome) is a rare condition in children and rarely discussed in the literature. Hoffa's syndrome can lead to an obscure anterior knee pain resulting from impingement and inflammation of... more

Background: Liposynovitis prepatellaris (Hoffa's syndrome) is a rare condition in children and rarely discussed in the literature. Hoffa's syndrome can lead to an obscure anterior knee pain resulting from impingement and inflammation of the infrapatellar fat pad. Aim of the work: The aim of this case report is to increase awareness among rheumatologists about this condition among children to avoid erroneous diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and unnecessary treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Case report: In this report we presented a 12 year-old child with this condition who presented with chronic pain and intermittent swelling involving his right knee. The patient was wrongly diagnosed as a case of JIA and wrongly treated with DMARDs for three years duration. The report will shed light on the characteristic MRI features of this condition and the value to order MRI in such atypical presentation. Conclusion: Hoffa's syndrome can present with chronic arthropathy in children that can mimic mono-articular JIA presentation and eventually unnecessary treatment with DMARDs. MRI is generally very helpful from the diagnostic point of view, it clearly depicts Hoffa's infrapatellar fat pad entrapment and its findings may suggest Hoffa's syndrome.

Background Low back pain (LBP) rarely requires routine imaging of the lumbar spine in the primary care setting, as serious spinal pathology is rare. Despite evidence-based clinical practice guidelines recommending delaying imaging in the... more

Background Low back pain (LBP) rarely requires routine imaging of the lumbar spine in the primary care setting, as serious spinal pathology is rare. Despite evidence-based clinical practice guidelines recommending delaying imaging in the absence of red flags, chiropractors commonly order imaging outside of these guidelines. The purpose of this study was to survey chiropractors to determine the level of knowledge, adherence to, and beliefs about, clinical practice guidelines related to the use of lumbar radiography for LBP in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. Methods A cross-sectional survey of chiropractors in NL (n = 69) was conducted between May and June 2018, including questions on demographics, awareness of radiographic guidelines, and beliefs about radiographs for LBP. We assessed behavioural simulation using clinical vignettes to determine levels of adherence to LBP guideline recommendations. Results The response rate was 77% (n = 53). Half of the participants stated the...