Georgics Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Eighteenth-century Britain saw the emergence of a new poetic genre, the “work” poem which took various forms of labor as its subject and was often written by laborers themselves. Several of these working class poets found their lives transformed due to the success of their verse (Stephen Duck most famously), but most faded into literary obscurity. However, a substantial body of “work” poems was produced by a diverse group of poets throughout the century, each manifesting divergent concerns and attitudes about the experience of work. This chapter assesses the formal connections uniting this poetic genre, particularly the frequent use of such literary devices as ironic distancing, litotes, and mock-georgic description. Instead of solely classifying “work” poems on the basis of their subject matter, this chapter demonstrates that such poetry (indeed the genre itself) lends itself to sophisticated literary techniques often associated with other poetic genres. In this fashion the full measure of eighteenth-century working class poetry can be evaluated more fairly, particularly by analyzing the formation of a new genre designed expressly by the poets themselves. The chapter ultimately seeks to demonstrate the connectedness, rather than the alienation, of working class poetry to the eighteenth-century British poetic tradition.

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- Critical Theory, British Literature, Scottish Literature, English Literature
- by Muriel Lafond
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- Georgics, Classical Reception Studies, Reception of Antiquity, Servius
- by Magda El-Nowieemy
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- Classics, Latin Literature, Roman History, Augustan Poetry

Rafael Landívar is the best known of all the poets from the Americas to write in Latin. In the Rusticatio Mexicana (1782), his masterpiece of didactic poetry, he drew extensively from Greek and Roman literature to describe in vivid epic verse the natural wonders, livelihoods and popular traditions of Mexico and his native Guatemala.
This book begins with a detailed account of Mexico's unique classical heritage, showing how humanists in colonial New Spain applied indigenous forms of knowledge and a multicultural perspective to their reading of ancient authors. Further information about Landívar's life and exile to Italy helps to illuminate the allegorical character of his work - and its important political dimension. This accessible study of 'the American Virgil' will encourage readers to discover for themselves the astonishing quality and sophistication of the Latin literature of Latin America. The present volume incorporates a complete text of the Rusticatio Mexicana (with Regenos' translation). Landívar's shorter works have also been collected and translated into English for the first time.

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. N 1942 Pasquali published a brief but important article on the way in which poets allude to their predecessors, a process which he named arte allusiva. Although this was the first work to confront the issue as an artistic phenomenon, it needs to be said that certain studies had already investigated individual instances of allusion;2 and since Pasquali, the investigation has been carried on, although not perhaps as extensively as the subject deserves.3 The focus of all these studies is Hellenistic poetry, which has been shown to demonstrate a certain type of allusion, namely, the use of a dictional oddity whose sense is to be recovered only by having recourse to the imitated passage, from which it will normally diverge in any number of ways-a practice generally referred to as oppositio in imitando, but which I shall call "correction."4 Most of the work done in this area treats the interplay between the Alexandrians, chiefly Callimachus and Apollonius, and the Homeric text, although Giangrande in particular has examined lateral activity within Alexandria; so, on a fairly simple level, where Callimachus has 'E4~iprvSq8 (H. 4.42) and Algovrle0v (Aet. 1.7), Apollonius will give us 'E4noprOEv (Arg. 4.1212) and AiloovrlvsE An earlier form of this paper was delivered in February 1985 at Columbia University, where useful comments were made by Professors R. C. M. Janko and P. E. Knox. I am indebted to Professor R. J. Tarrant for detailed criticism and advice. 1G. Pasquali, "Arte allusiva," Italia che scrive 25 (1942) 185-187 (= Stravaganze quarte e supreme [Venice 1951] 11-20).

- by Richard F Thomas
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- Georgics, Virgil

Some scholars have read Virgil’s grafted tree (G. 2.78–82) as a sinister image, symptomatic of man’s perversion of nature. However, when it is placed within the long tradition of Roman accounts of grafting (in both prose and verse), it seems to reinforce a consistently positive view of the technique, its results, and its possibilities. Virgil’s treatment does represent a significant change from Republican to Imperial literature, whereby grafting went from mundane reality to utopian fantasy. This is reflected in responses to Virgil from Ovid, Columella, Calpurnius, Pliny the Elder, and Palladius (with Republican context from Cato, Varro, and Lucretius), and even in the postclassical transformation of Virgil’s biography into a magical folktale.

- by Dunstan Lowe
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- Classics, Latin Literature, Vergil, Georgics

The many allusions to Virgil’s Georgics 3 and 4 in Horace Carm. II 9 can be explained as a part of a conversation between these two poets. After Virgil had responded in Georg. III 41 to Horace’s judgment of Eclogues (Sat. I 10,44), Horace acknowledges the impressive pro¬gresses made by his friend’s poetry; nevertheless he reminds him that some vestiges of molle epos can still be traced in the Orpheus epyllion in Georg. 4. Virgil gives his last response to Horace in Aeneid VIII 722ff. where the description of Augustus’ triumph at Actium follows the ‘updating’ of Carm. II 9

- by bruna pieri
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- Bucolic Poetry, Georgics, Horace, Latin Elegiac Poetry

- by Sergio Casali
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- Vergil, Georgics
- by Michele Gagliarde
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- Latin Literature, Aeneid, Georgics, Horace
- by Richard F Thomas
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- Georgics, Seamus Heaney, Virgil

Non mi pare sia mai stata approfondita, nello sterminato panorama critico fiorito attorno all'Orfeo delle Georgiche, un'ipotesi di lettura che metta la figura del cantore in relazione con Lucrezio. Eppure spesso lo sfortunato personaggio virgiliano è stato collocato, a vario titolo, in àmbito epicureo, ora come simbolo dello stultus, lontano dalla tXTCXpaçia del Giardino e dominato da una passione cieca, fonte della sua rovina; ora invece come personificazione del saggio teorizzato dal filosofo di Gargetto, o perlorneno del poeta ideale ipotizzato dai suoi seguaci, capace di usare la sua arte in funzione rasserenatrice e purificatrice.'. Tali e tante differenze di valutazione, segno sì della poliedricità di questa creazione virgiliana, ma anche della confusione degli studiosi, originata non di rado dall'intento di incasellare il personaggio in un àrnbito filosofico rigidamente scolastico, restituiscono un'immagine piuttosto incerta di Orfeo e del suo significato simbolico, fondamentale per la comprensione dell'intero poema, di cui insieme con Aristeo costituisce la sintesi.

- by Paola Gagliardi
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- Classics, Latin Literature, Augustan Poetry, Roman poetry
- by bruna pieri
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- Georgics, Latin Didactic Poetry, Lucretius, Lingüística

Lo scopo primario del presente lavoro consiste nell‟individuazione e nell'analisi dei principali filoni di interesse che caratterizzano nella sua peculiarità l'esegesi serviana alle Georgiche. Nonostante il carattere collettaneo del commento di Servio nelle sue due redazioni, recenti analisi hanno dimostrato che ciò non sembra precludere la possibilità di rintracciare e seguire interessi specifici all'interno di un lavoro esegetico che non è affatto privo di una sua continuità e di una sua coerenza interna. Tuttavia, a fronte del rifiorire generale degli studi su Servio che ha caratterizzato gli ultimi decenni, scarsa attenzione ha suscitato proprio quest'ultima parte del suo lavoro esegetico. Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di colmare, almeno in parte, proprio questa lacuna negli studi serviani.

- by Michele Gagliarde
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- Latin Literature, Late Antiquity, Vergil, Georgics
- by Leah Kronenberg
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- Georgics, Virgil
- by Paola Gagliardi
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- Classics, Augustan Poetry, Roman poetry, Bucolic Poetry
- by Robert Cowan
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- Classics, Latin Literature, Narratology, Vergil
- by Nicholas Freer
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- Latin Literature, Hellenistic Philosophy, Textual Criticism, Roman Republic
- by Mac Góráin, Fiachra
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- Vergil, Aeneid, Georgics, Eclogues
- by Andreas Gavrielatos
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- Anthropology, Classics, Self and Identity, Identity (Culture)

Préparation à l'agrégation de lettres classiques

- by Muriel Lafond
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- Georgics, Virgil, Virgil's Georgics

Il contributo propone una analisi contrastiva della traduzione delle Georgiche di Virgilio pub¬blicata nel 1843, in seconda e riveduta edizione (dopo quella del 1831), da Dionigi Strocchi. Sulla base di un testo cam-pione (Georg. III 1-25), la versione di Strocchi è messa a confronto in particolare con la belle infidèle di J. Delille (1769), e con la versione parafrastica di C. Bondi (1800). L’approccio di Strocchi al testo, a giudicare dalla scelta del poema didascalico e del metro in cui tradurlo, e dalle principali strategie traduttive, è in apparenza consono alla scuola neoclassica di Monti; ma gli esiti della traduzione la distinguono profondamente non solo da quel Delille che Strocchi si proponeva di eguagliare, ma anche da altre traduzioni della Scuola Classica Romagnola e perfino da altre versioni di Strocchi stesso. Le sue Georgiche, semmai, rimarranno un modello per future traduzioni delle Georgiche di carattere storicistico, in primis quella di G. Albini (1924).

- by bruna pieri
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- Translation Studies, Georgics, Virgil, Scuola Classica Romagnola
- by Pedro Conde Parrado
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- Georgics, Latin Didactic Poetry, Trade, Mediterranean archaeology

This paper presents a metapoetical reading of the first book of the virgilian "Georgics" which focusses on the question how the text itself produces a complex semiotical system full of irreducible ambiguities. The multiple and conflicting readings of the Georgics throughout its reception - as I attempted to show - are symptoms of the complex constitution of meaning produced within the text. Contains also methodological reflexions on the relationship between philological praxis and the production of meaning.

- by Christian Haß
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- Semiotics, Augustan Poetry, Research Methodology, Literary Theory

La conferenza si iscrive nel ciclo di seminari su "La lezione della peste: riflessi sociali, culturali e antropologici delle epidemie nella lettura dei classici", organizzato dall’Associazione Italiana di Cultura Classica, delegazione di Potenza, dall’Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, e dal Liceo classico statale “Q. Orazio Flacco” di Potenza e svoltosi dal novembre 2020 al maggio 2021.

- by Paola Gagliardi
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- Latin Literature, Augustan Poetry, Roman poetry, Vergil
- by Elena Giusti
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- Aeneid, Georgics, Virgil

In Georg. III 26s. occorre concordare elephanto con Gangaridum (secondo un topos comune, quello della preziosità dell'avorio indiano) e determinare pugnam del v. 26, con Quirini, al v. 27: in questo modo si restituisce alla battaglia di Azio il valore di impresa cruciale di Augusto, unico episodio storico degno di essere cantato a lungo nell'Eneide; così, a differenza di quanto si suole interpretare, ai vv. 46s. pugnas non determina il Caesaris successivo (in anastrofe con et) ma rimane isolato al v. 46 nel modulo 'dicere pugnas' col quale i poeti dichiarano l'adesione all'epoca di matrice omerica. Il terzo proemio georgico, insomma, rivela un progetto epico assai più vicino al risultato a noi noto di quanto si suole ritenere (epica mitica alla maniera di Omero con inserzioni storiche ottenute attraverso moduli di carattere ecfrastico).

- by bruna pieri
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- Latin Literature, Vergil, Aeneid, Georgics

Sommario GiorGio mariani, La peste dei Borromei, un borromaico e un capolavoro del Seicento lombardo p. 7 alberto lolli, Diario di un curato di compagnia. Breve apologia non richiesta di un rettore » 11 antonio ViSentin, Un ricordo personale di Cesare Angelini » 15 SAGGI feliCe milani, Le poesie milanesi di Giuseppe Carpani » 19 CeCilia demuru, Le metamorfosi di Bertoldo. Il Polentone di Retorbido, tra folklore e storia » 49 Stefano roCChi, Abui tremorem: un graffito da Vindonissa riletto alla luce di Virgilio (georg. 3.250-251) » 69 lorenzo blaSi, Comico come straviamento in Horcynus Orca di Stefano D'Arrigo » 73 antonio bianCo, Il ruolo della presupposizione nel comunicato di Pietro Badoglio alla Nazione » 81 luiGi manGone, Il problema del tragico in Friedrich Hölderlin » 93 GianmarCo GronChi, Filologia d'artista. Per un approccio alla studio delle Vite di Gian Lorenzo Bernini » 105 GianmarCo riCCiardi, Condensazione di Bose-Einstein in un sistema di bosoni interagenti: la superfluidtà del 4 HE » 113 Stefano roCChi Abui tremorem: un graffito da Vindonissa riletto alla luce di Virgilio (georg. 3, 250-251) 1

- by Stefano Rocchi
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- Georgics, Latin Epigraphy, Graffiti in history, Ancient Graffiti (Archaeology)
- by Stratis Kyriakidis
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- Georgics, Philodemus, Virgil, Otium
- by Alessandro Schiesaro
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- Vergil, Georgics, Virgil, Virgil's Georgics

In my article, I am trying to show how Virgil’s Georgics participates in the ,Augustan discourseʻ performing a political, religious and social rationalisation, harmonisation or resp. unification. I am focussing on how the Georgics deals with the irrational residuum left behind by this process. By examining the paradoxical situation of the underworld (as the space beyond rational conceivability or resp. didactic communicability) in georg. 1.231-258, it can be shown how Virgil creates a specific poetology by combining scientific cosmology with narrative mythology and thus aims at conceiving the irrational epistemologically, represent it semiotically and convey it didactically. In this respect, the Georgics differs sharply from the epistemology of Lucretius’ De rerum natura: While Lucretius denies the existence of the irrational, Virgil averts its threat precisely by affirming its presence in the world. By this poetology, the Georgics performs an epistemological strategy that is typical for early Augustanism: it makes the rationalising operations it performs explicit and reflects on the constant threat of possible reversion.

- by Christian Haß
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- Augustan Poetry, Cosmology (Anthropology), Vergil, Georgics

- by Richard F Thomas
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- Georgics, Virgil
- by Magda El-Nowieemy
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- Mythology, Classics, Latin Literature, Augustan Poetry

Leaving aside the question of authorship and its literary models, more general critical engagement with the Culex is thin on the ground – perhaps because the poem resists a totalising interpretation. The present chapter will present five original approaches to the text, each offering a different perspective. The first three primarily address the poem’s structure while the last two are largely thematic. Taken together, these fresh and varied ways of reading the Culex provide new insights on the authorship of the work.

- by Andrew Laird
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- Latin Literature, Poetics, Literary Theory, Intertextuality

This article seeks to jumpstart the politico-historicist scholarship on Virgil’s Georgics in the direction of Marxist criticism. I argue that the Georgics should be understood less as a battle site for intra-elite power struggles or civil strife, more as an ideological stomping ground to work out, and dig in, the particular relationships of slavery and imperialism disfiguring the Roman world in 29 B.C.E. After a brief analysis of the dynamics of labor in books 1-3, I train on a close reading of book 4, which sees the bees (et al.) as crucial to the new dominant logic of compelling others (whether slaves or provincial subjects) to produce and give up the fruits of their labour – all for the leisured enjoyment of the upper crust.

- by Tom Geue
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- Georgics, Virgil
- by Talitha Kearey
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- Vergil, Georgics, Latin Didactic Poetry, Epicureanism

This paper contributes to the discussion about the interpretation of the Aristaeus narrative in Vergil’s fourth Georgic, one of the most difficult exegetical problems in Roman poetry, by examining the images of transgression and... more

- by Amanda Gregory
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- Vergil, Georgics, Theocritus (Classics)
- by Jay Reed
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- Cultural History, Cultural Studies, Egyptology, Classics

Although Vergil’s Georgics is a poem that elaborates on the beauty and bounty of Nature at great length, the word natura appears only a handful of times across its four books. I argue here that the noun’s seven discrete appearances are judiciously placed and carefully nuanced to constitute a response to one of the central concepts of Lucretius’s De rerum natura. In Lucretius’s poem, Nature is a female-bodied personification inextricably entwined with the poet’s materialist universe. Vergil distances natura in the Georgics from the female embodiment that Lucretius put forth, thereby reasserting the role of the gods—in particular of male gods—in Earth’s manifold acts of creation, as part of his larger critique of Epicurean materialism.

- by Erin McKenna Hanses
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- Feminist Theory, Ecofeminism, Vergil, Georgics
- by Talitha Kearey
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- Augustan Poetry, Vergil, Georgics, Horace

Nobel-prize winning poet Seamus Heaney is celebrated for his rich verses recalling his home in the Northern Irish countryside of County Derry. Yet while the imaginative links to nature in his poetry have already been critically explored, little attention has been paid so far to his rendering of local food and foodways. From ploughing, digging potatoes and butter-churning to picking blackberries, Heaney sketches not only the everyday activities of mid-20th century rural Ireland, but also the social dynamics of community and identity and the socio-natural symbiosis embedded in those practices. Larger questions of love, life and death also infiltrate the scenes, as they might in life, through hints of sectarian divisions and memories of famine. This essay proposes a gastrocritical reading of Heaney's poetry to study these topics in particularly meaningful ways. Gastrocriticism is a nascent critical approach to literature that applies the insights gained in Food Studies to literary writings, investigating the relationship of humans to each other and to nature as played out through the prism of food, or as Heaney wrote: "Things looming large and at the same time [...] pinned down in the smallest detail."

- by Anke Klitzing
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- Irish Studies, Irish Literature, Georgic Literature, Georgics