Health System Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Medical Informatics, Health Informatics, Health Care, Developing Countries
- by Drew Richardson
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- Australia, Critical Care, Quality of Care, Time-Delay Systems

Objectives. Correlate affiliation to health insurance with the use of medical services, living conditions and perceived health of residents in 12 districts of Lima. Material and methods. Descriptive cross-population study, conducted between January and March 2006 in 12 districts of Lima city, using a health survey of 72 questions. Results. 4355 interviews were obtained, 48% had no health insurance. Compared

- by Margarita Rodriguez
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- Health insurance, Peru, Social Security, Health Services

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a performance-focused methodology for engaging multidisciplinary, frontline healthcare teams in making behavioural changes that improve patient care and health system efficiency. Results include significant declines in average length of stay in hospital and waiting time for surgery, and a dramatic increase in early patient ambulation. Performance-focused methodology using key performance indicators, targets, measurement, and ongoing feedback, supported by non-monetary incentives, can quickly improve healthcare outcomes.

- by Tracy Wasylak
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- Medicine, Motivation, Humans, Healthcare Management
- by Daniel Garrett
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- Perception, Focus Groups, Health Care, Self Care
- by Mary Chiarella
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- Economics, Public sector, Professional Learning, Health Services

We wished to estimate the incidence of preeclampsia among a group of Hispanic women in the greater Detroit metropolitan area. We reviewed delivery records of 559 Hispanic women from a Detroit hospital and prenatal records of 134 Hispanic women who received care from an affiliated federally qualified health center in southwest Detroit. A retrospective chart review was conducted. The physician's diagnosis was used to study hospital patients. The health center patients were diagnosed on the basis of criteria established in the National High Blood Pressure Education Working Group Report. In 1998, Hispanic women who delivered at the study hospital had an incidence of preeclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) of 1.3% (7/559), compared to non-Hispanics 5.3% (118/2241) (chi2(1) = 10.35, P < .05). The relative risk was .24. From health center prenatal records, the incidence of preeclampsia/PIH among the 134 patients was 3.7%. The difference in the incidence of preeclampsia/...

- by Seonae Yeo
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- Ethnicity, Pregnancy, Humans, Female

A central component of the primary health care approach in developing countries has been the development and utilization of community-based health workers (CHWs) within the national health system. While the use of these front line workers has the potential to positively influence health behavior and health status in rural communities, there continues to be challenges to effective implementation of CHW programs. Reports of high turnover rates, absenteeism, poor quality of work, and low morale among CHWs have often been associated with weak organizational and managerial capacity of government health systems. However, no systematic research has examined the contribution of work-related factors to CHW job performance. The research reported in this paper examines the relative influence of reward and feedback factors associated with the community compared to those associated with the health system on the performance of CHWs. The data are drawn from a broader study of health promoters (CHW...

- by Sheila Robinson
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- Management, Sociology, Anthropology, Health Promotion
- by Trajano Quinhoes and +1
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- Political Science, Financial management, Conflict of Interest, Social Groups
- by Emilio Ovuga
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- Mental Health, Primary Health Care, Health Care, Medicine
- by Tony Sahama and +1
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- Information Security, Privacy, Health Care, Transparency
- by Doris Barwich
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- Primary Care, Decision Making, Policy Development, British medical history
- by Ronak Patel
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- Emergency Medicine, Seasonality, Case Report, Humans
- by Robin Gauld
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- Primary Care, South Korea, Health Care, Service Quality
- by Leon Piterman and +1
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- Nursing, Australia, Humans, Health System
- by David H Leon
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- Economics, Environmental Pollution, Life Expectancy, Alcohol Consumption
- by Zoran Milosevic
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- Business, Interoperability, Complex System, Legislation

Background: The antibiotics are excreted after their effect on the host body and together with other waste disposal are entered the treatment plant processes. Antibiotics prevent the biological sewage treatment in the plant which consequently causes hazards to the environmental and human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of some popular antibiotics used by human and livestock on the anaerobic wastewater treatment process. Methods: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of the antibiotics on biomass ...

- by Afshin Ebrahimi
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- Health System
- by Juan Ponce
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- Rural Poverty, Access to Finance, World, Primary Education
- by Joseph Dal Molin
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- Evidence Based Medicine, Technology transfer, Open Innovation, Peer Review
- by Patricia Dittus
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- Education, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Adolescent Health, Health System
- by Lorenzo Spizzichino
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- Nonparametric Statistics, Spinal Cord Injury, Multivariate Analysis, Italy
- by Karyl Rattay
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- Health Promotion, Social Marketing, Health Care, Child Welfare
- by peter smith
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- Accounting, Financial management, Hospital Information System, Developing Country
- by Vassilis Koutkias and +3
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- Chronic illness, Home Care, European Commission, Congestive Heart Failure

Information and communication technology can be used to improve the quality and safety of health care and to lower costs. But in both developed and developing countries, there is an inadequate supply of skilled individuals who have the technical skills to use this technology to improve health care. Some studies project workforce needs of tens of thousands in English-speaking developed countries, but it is not known what size workforce will be required in the developing world. It is important to identify and develop the skills, training, and competencies-consistent with local cultures, languages, and health systems-that will be needed to realize the full benefits of these technologies. We present a framework for answering these questions and for developing estimates of the size and scope of the workforce that may be needed.

- by Alvaro Margolis and +1
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- Medical Informatics, Health Informatics, Health Care, Developing Countries
- by Hervé Leleu
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- Health Care, International Comparison, Health System, Health Care System
- by Meral Ozgüç
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- Social Insurance, Screening, High Frequency, Maternal and Child Health
- by Kuan Ching Li
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- Engineering, Computer Science, Information Technology, Open Source Software

Rwanda is making substantial progress towards improvement of health and is working towards achievement of the Millennium Development Goals, which is a challenging task because the country has had genocide in 1994, has few natural resources, is landlocked, and has high population growth. Like many impoverished sub-Saharan countries, Rwanda's health system has had an uncoordinated plethora of donors, shortage of health staff, inequity of access, and poor quality of care in health facilities. This report describes three health system developments introduced by the Rwandan government that are improving these barriers to care-ie, the coordination of donors and external aid with government policy, and monitoring the effectiveness of aid; a country-wide independent community health insurance scheme; and the introduction of a performance-based pay initiative. If these innovations are successful, they might be of interest to other sub-Saharan countries. However, Rwanda still does not hav...

- by Felix Ndagije
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- Management, Program Evaluation, Poverty, Child Welfare

Background: Health systems are based on 6 functions that need to work together at all times to effectively deliver safe and quality health services. These functions are vulnerable to shocks and changes; if a health system is unable to withstand the pressure from a shock, it may cease to function or collapse. The concept of resilience has been introduced with the goal of strengthening health systems to avoid disruption or collapse. The concept is new within health systems research, and no common description exists to describe its meaning. The aim of this study is to summarize and characterize the existing descriptions of health system resilience to improve understanding of the concept.Methods and Analysis: A scoping review was undertaken to identify the descriptions and characteristics of health system resilience. Four databases and gray literature were searched using the keywords “health system” and “resilience” for published documents that included descriptions, frameworks or characteristics of health system resilience. Additional documents were identified from reference lists. Four expert consultations were conducted to gain a broader perspective. Descriptions were analysed by studying the frequency of key terms and were characterized by using the World Health Organization (WHO) health system framework. The scoping review identified eleven sources with descriptions and 24 sources that presented characteristics of health system resilience. Frequently used terms that were identified in the literature were shock, adapt, maintain, absorb and respond. Change and learning were also identified when combining the findings from the descriptions, characteristics and expert consultations. Leadership and governance were recognized as the most important building block for creating health system resilience.Discussion: No single description of health system resilience was used consistently. A variation was observed on how resilience is described and to what depth it was explained in the existing literature. The descriptions of health system resilience primarily focus on major shocks. Adjustments to long-term changes and the element of learning should be considered for a better understating of health system resilience.

- by International Journal of Health Policy and Management IJHPM and +1
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- Scoping review, Health System, Shocks, Health System Resilience
- by Alicia Herrero
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- Patient Safety, Medical errors, Humans, Health System
- by juan ortega
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- Home automation, Smart Home, Health System, User Behavior
- by Kwabena Bosompem
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- Microbiology, Program Evaluation, Primary Health Care, Health Care
- by Jane Zapka and +1
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- Evidence Based Practice, Health Disparities, Self Care, Community Health
- by Graham Turpin
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- Primary Care, Mental Health, Depression, United Kingdom
- by Madeleine King and +1
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- Sociology, General Practice, Anthropology, Decision Making
- by Elias Mossialos
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- Economics, Health Economics, Resource Allocation, Greece

One of the theoretical claims made regarding the concept of emotional intelligence is that it concerns a range of human abilities which are independent of the more familiar concept of intellectual ability. This study was conducted to evaluate the divergent validity of Bar-On's EQ-i as compared to the General Adult Mental Ability scale (GAMA), a measure of fluid intelligence. In

- by Patricia Bailey
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- Obstetrics, Developing Countries, Maternal Mortality, Emergency Medical Services

Medical tourism is a growing phenomenon with policy implications for health systems, particularly of destination countries. Private actors and governments in Southeast Asia are promoting the medical tourist industry, but the potential impact on health systems, particularly in terms of equity in access and availability for local consumers, is unclear. This article presents a conceptual framework that outlines the policy implications of medical tourism's growth for health systems, drawing on the cases of Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia, three regional hubs for medical tourism, via an extensive review of academic and grey literature. Variables for further analysis of the potential impact of medical tourism on health systems are also identified. The framework can provide a basis for empirical, in country studies weighing the benefits and disadvantages of medical tourism for health systems. The policy implications described are of particular relevance for policymakers and industry practitioners in other Southeast Asian countries with similar health systems where governments have expressed interest in facilitating the growth of the medical tourist industry. This article calls for a universal definition of medical tourism and medical tourists to be enunciated, as well as concerted data collection efforts, to be undertaken prior to any meaningful empirical analysis of medical tourism's impact on health systems.

- by Kai Hong Phua
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- Globalization, Southeast Asia, Globalization And Health, Medical Tourism
- by Susannah Mayhew
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- Program Evaluation, Research Methodology, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Poverty
- by Frances Hughes
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- Nursing, Health Care, Job Satisfaction, Quality of Mental Health Care

Purpose – This paper aims to: analyze the challenge of health services fragmentation; present the attributes of integrated health service delivery networks (IHSDNs); review lessons learned on integration; examine recent developments in selected countries; and discuss policy implications of implementing IHSDNs.Design/methodology/approach – A literature review, expert meetings, and country consultations (national, subregional, and regional) in the Americas resulted in a set of consensus‐based essential attributes for implementing IHSDNs. The analysis of 11 country case studies on integration allowed for the identification of lessons learned.Findings – Studies suggest that IHSDNs could improve health systems performance. Principal findings include: integration processes are difficult, complex, and long term; integration requires extensive systemic changes and a commitment by health workers, health service managers and policymakers; and, multiple modalities and degrees of integration ca...

- by renato tasca
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- Nursing, Health Care, Literature Review, Health Services
- by Babar Shaikh
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- Health Care, South Asia, Pakistan, Evaluation
- by Maria Hofmarcher
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- Public Finance, Health Care, Chronic illness, Quality of Care
- by Jo Travaglia
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- Nursing, Publishing, Patient Safety, Australia
- by Judith Daire
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- Policy Analysis, Maternal and Child Health, Health System

This chapter is about the construction of birth in rural Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, maternal deaths are very prevalent, 320 per 100,000 live births annually, and the construct of birth that is produced in everyday life results in many... more

- by sabina rashid
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- Maternal Health, Everyday Life, Case Study, Health System
- by S. Scalvini and +1
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- Primary Care, Primary Health Care, Telecommunications, Quality of Mental Health Care