High Performance Concrete Research Papers (original) (raw)

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- Modeling, Finite element method, Finite Element, Numerical Simulation

In the extended use of concrete in military applications, runway pavements and infrastructures, concrete is subjected to heavy impact loads that vary both in velocity and intensity. The addition of fibers in high performance concrete (HPC) can overcome its shortcomings such as brittleness, high shrinkage and less resistance to impact and also improve the ductile behavior and energy absorption capacity. In this study, development on strengthening of HPC using steel and Polypropylene fibers was focused. Moreover, an inclusion of volume fractions of both steel and polypropylene fibers, leads to an increase in the mechanical properties of concrete matrix. The present study represents the adding steel and Polypropylene fibres at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 0.25, 0.5, 1% by volume of concrete, respectively. A concrete mix has been designed to achieve the M60 grade concrete, mixes proportioned for FRC to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of high performance hybrid fiber reinforced concrete at 28 days. The experimental results showed that the use of hybrid fibers with 1.5% steel and 1% Polypropylene fiber in HPC concrete has improved the strength of the concrete by 36% and 25.1% HPC with single fibers. The statistical tool was formulated to predict the strength properties of fiber reinforced concrete (i.e., compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths). The response surface method (RSM) was used to analyze the data and develop a regression equation. RSM was able to predict the experimentally tested values within an acceptable range.

The corrosion of metallic reinforcement is a major threat to aging infrastructure. Prestressed structures such as the bridges built in the early 1950's and 1960's are showing signs of deterioration. The current corrosion detection methods for embedded or encased steel reinforcement suffer from several significant drawbacks. A nondestructive evaluation technique has been developed that is capable of determining the location and severity of corrosion of embedded or encased steel rebar and strands. This technique utilizes time domain reflectometry (TDR). By applying a sensor wire alongside of steel reinforcement (such as a prestressing strand), a transmission line is created. Physical defects of the reinforcement will change the electromagnetic properties of the line. Both analytical models and small-scale laboratory tests have shown that TDR can be effectively utilized to detect, locate and identify the extent of damage in steel reinforcement in this manner. Currently, the T...

- by Michael Chajes and +1
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- Damage detection, Nondestructive Evaluation, High Performance Concrete, Analytical Model

Rice husk ash (RHA) has been used as a highly reactive pozzolanic material to improve the microstructure of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the cement paste and the aggregate in high-performance concrete. Mechanical experiments of RHA blended Portland cement concretes revealed that in addition to the pozzolanic reactivity of RHA (chemical aspect), the particle grading (physical aspect) of cement and RHA mixtures also exerted significant influences on the blending efficiency. The relative strength increase (relative to the concrete made with plain cement, expressed in %) is higher for coarser cement. The gap-grading phenomenon is expected to be the underlying mechanism. This issue is also approached by computer simulation. A stereological spacing parameter (i.e., mean free spacing between mixture particles) is associated with the global strength of the blended model cement concretes. This paper presents results of a combined mechanical and computer simulation study on t...

- by Piet Stroeven
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- Civil Engineering, Computer Simulation, Compressive Strength, Building
- by Barzin Mobasher
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- High Performance Concrete, High performance, Glass Fiber, Material Properties
- by Mohamed Chemrouk and +1
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- Compressive Strength, High Performance Concrete, Self Compacting Concrete, Experimental Study

- by Frank Winnefeld
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- Civil Engineering, Building, Grain size, High Performance Concrete
- by IOSR Journals
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- Civil Engineering, Density, Durability, Fly Ash

A mathematical model is presented for estimating compressive strength of high-strength concrete incorporating pozzolanic materials, based on the strength of a control ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete made with similar mixture characteristics and curing history. In this study, metakaolin (MK) and silica fume (SF) were used as cement replacement materials at 5%, 10%, and 15% by mass. Water/cementitious materials (w/cm) ratios varied from 0.27 to 0.33, and strength testing was conducted up to an age of 180 days. It was found that the strength of a pozzolanic mixture could be related to the strength of its equivalent control by a linear function. Key parameters involved in the model are the pozzolanic and dilution factors, which can be correlated to the pozzolan content in the mixture. The study concludes that the accuracy of the model increases with concrete age. At ages 28 days and above, 97% of the estimated strengths are within ±5% of the actual value.

- by Hashim Razak
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- Civil Engineering, Comminution, Compressive Strength, Silica

The effect of w/c ratio on cracking of HPC with internal curing was studied. Cracking potential of internally cured HPC decreased with w/c ratio reduction. Total shrinkage of internally cured concretes decreased with w/c ratio reduction. a b s t r a c t Internal curing technology has been developed as a method for the reduction of autogenous shrinkage and cracking potential in high-performance concretes. The combination of autogenous and drying shrinkage , i.e. total shrinkage, of internally cured concrete is reported in the literature, almost unchanged after exposure to drying in a long term. On the other hand, the studied range of water to cement ratios is quite narrow. Accordingly, great interest aroused in the research of the effect of water to cement ratio on total shrinkage, as well as cracking potential of internally cured concrete. In this research, the restrained drying shrinkage of concrete with water to cement ratio of 0.33, 0.25 and 0.21, internally cured by means of water-saturated lightweight aggregate was studied. Strength, free drying shrinkage and mass loss of these concretes were also tested. The experimental results demonstrate that water to cement ratio has a considerable impact on cracking potential of internally cured concrete.

- by Khalifa Al-Jabri
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- Civil Engineering, Copper, Compressive Strength, Building

The concrete which incorporates wastes and is environment-friendly is called as green concrete. Green concrete is a revolutionary concept in the history of the construction industry. Concrete is an eco-friendly material and the overall impact on the environment per ton of concrete is limited. The paper focuses on the aspect of choosing a material for green concrete. It presents the feasibility of using fly ash, quarry dust, marble powder, plastic waste, and recycled concrete and masonry as aggregates in concrete. The use of fly ash and stone quarry dust in concrete contributes to a reduction in bad environmental repercussions. To avoid the pollution and reuse of waste material, the present study is carried out by completely replacing natural sand in concrete by stone quarry dust and undergoing strength and economical perspectives of concrete and especially in high-performance concrete.

- by Ijariit Journal
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- High Performance Concrete, Green Concrete, Contingencies, Pozzocrete
- by Rafat Siddique
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- Engineering, Earth Sciences, Energy, Performance

A challenging objective for the concrete industry, in using structural fibers in concrete pavements and overlays while moving towards the implementation of the Performance Engineered Mixture (PEM) design, is to understand the influence of fibers on tests performed in the PEM design procedure. The goal of the PEM design procedure is to produce concretes that resist climate and material related distresses, such as durability cracks and concrete-degradation due to chloride-ion penetration. The addition of fibers in a concrete mixture also increases concrete durability by enhancing post- cracking performance. Using PEM procedure for fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) pavements will produce durable concrete pavements that resist environmental- and material- driven distresses as well as possess an improved post-crack performance. The objective of this research is to study the relationship between different fresh concrete properties and their influence on the hardened concrete behavior and durability.
The materials used in this study includes two types of coarse aggregates, fine aggregate, two types of fiber, cement, fly ash and admixtures. Two different fiber types (twisted and embossed geometries) and two fiber dosages (4 lb/ yd3 and 7.6 lb/ yd3) were considered in this study. Fresh and Hardened concrete test results for all the FRC mixes were compared to results of the control plain concrete mixes. Fresh concrete tests such as slump, air content, super air meter number (SAM), Box, and V-Kelly tests were conducted. Hardened concrete properties such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, beam flexural strength, resistance to distresses caused by multiple freeze-thaw cycles, and surface/electrical resistivity was determined. Based on the results of this study, it was found that fiber dosages and types significantly influence the V-Kelly index, while moderately influence SAM number and box test rating.
The fibers used in this study had significant influence on the post-crack behavior of concrete. The freeze-thaw durability and surface resistivity test results indicated that fibers have less influence on the concrete resistance to freeze-thaw durability issues.

- by Tolga Tasci
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- FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE, High Performance Concrete

Gas permeability is commonly used to evaluate durability characteristics of concrete. However, these values are often achieved using never stressed nor damaged specimens. The objective of this study is to examine experimentally the effect of axial compressive loading on the permeability of three different types of concrete: Ordinary Concrete, High Performance Concrete, and High Performance Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete. Monotonic

- by Vincent Picandet and +1
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- Cyclic Loading, High Performance Concrete, High performance, Fiber Steel Reinforced Concrete

The interest in concrete having an early age strength is increased due to the possibility to limit the construction time. A rapid hardening concrete (RHC) can be applied in order to limit the interruption of heavy traffic ways, for the construction of infrastructures such as bridges, viaducts, etc.In this paper, a practical case of using RHC is presented. The deck

- by Giovanni Plizzari
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- Civil Engineering, Raw materials, Building, High Strength Concrete

Due to rapid growth in population an
is a much need to go for vertical construction to satisfy the basic need of creating
shelter to the dwellers. To construct high rise buildings usage of reinforcement will be
more to withstand the various loads acting on it. There is a chance of failure of
structures due to various atmospheric pressures acting on the structures due to
increase in the age of the concrete. To overcome all these there is need to work on
production of concrete to perform the characteristics in all stages of concrete age.
High Performance Concrete is one of such material which satisfies all the above
discussed needs.
High Performance Concrete
durability and high strength when compared to conventional concrete. The usage of
some mineral and also chemical admixtures like fly ash and Super plasticizer will
amplify the strength, durability and workability qualities to a very high scale.
aggregate is one of the silent constituents of concrete. River sand is becoming a
lacking material. Sand mining from rivers has become obnoxious. Manufactured Sand
is a substitute for river sand
of transportation from remote river sand bed. The other benefit is, it can be dust free,
the sizes of M-Sand can be regulated easily so that it can accommodate the required
grading for the given constructionIn this present investigation, the permeability characteristics of the High
Performance Concrete with replacement of fine aggregate by Manufactured Sand with
different percentages (i.e., 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%,100%) has been studied. A mix
proportion of 1:1.11:2.1 (HPC) is designed to give M60 grade concrete using OPC 53
grade,12% of fly ash, 20mm and 12 mm sizes of 30% and 70% coarse aggregate
respectively, river sand and 1.5% of super plasticizer (CONPLAST SP430) with a
water cement ratio of 0.35.
As part of research it is concluded that use of M-Sand in place of Natural river
sand has improved the permeability characteristics and meeting the requirements at
all stages of HPC.

- by guilherme cordeiro
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- Civil Engineering, Building, High Performance Concrete, Specific surface area

In modern construction practice concrete is the most widely used building materials in the world. Since the inception natural sand is used as the fine aggregate for the production of concrete. Due to the large scale infrastructure development activities all over the world the availability of natural sand is decreasing day by day. In the case of manufactured sand also there exist restrictions in large scale production due to environmental and ecological impacts. All these affect the production of concrete a big concern in which natural sand or manufactured sand is used as fine aggregate. In the mean time industrial wastes are accumulating at an alarming level. Used foundry sand is one such kind of industrial waste product with high volume availability. The used foundry sand can be used in making high performance concrete as a partial substitution of fine aggregates. This will be helpful for the safe disposal of this industrial waste and for reducing the exploitation of natural resources to a greater extent. In the present study the properties of high performance concrete made with used foundry sand in partial replacement of fine aggregates as available from various published researches is analyzed.

- by Salim .P.M and +1
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- High Performance Concrete
- by Dujin Wang
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- Civil Engineering, Adsorption, Building, Aggregate
- by Hamid Soleymani
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- Civil Engineering, Comparative Study, Corrosion, Building

The by-products obtained from industries such as Silica Fume (SF) and Fly Ash (FA) can be utilized to improve the strength and durability of High-Performance Concrete (HPC). The application of these industrial by-products is becoming common all over the world because of the reduction of their potentially dangerous effects on the environment. This paper investigates the behavior of Silica Fume as a fractional replacement to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) on the parameters such as water permeability, compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural tensile strength of High-Performance Concrete (HPC). HPC mixes with silica fume contents of 0 %, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and a constant proportion of 10% fly ash was adopted in the trial mixes. Superplasticizer in optimum dosage was added to achieve required workability. Tests were conducted to determine the optimum proportion of Silica fume which yields appreciable Fresh and hardened state properties.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Compressive Strength, Flyash, High Performance Concrete, Flexural Strength
- by Dale P Bentz
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- Materials Engineering, Civil Engineering, Compressive Strength, Building
- by Bernhard Schrefler
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- Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Numerical Analysis
- by Andres Salas
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- Civil Engineering, Comparative Study, Permeability, Rice
- by N. Delatte
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- High Performance Concrete
- by Metin Husem
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- Civil Engineering, Parameter estimation, prestressed Concrete, Numerical Simulation
- by Mark Reiner
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- Engineering, Life Cycle Assessment, Fly Ash, High Performance Concrete

In this paper, the pozzolanic reactivity of the spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)catalyst, when this is used in hydraulic binders, has been studied. Reactivity behaviour for FCC-cement systems has been monitored by the determination of lime fixation rate using thermal analysis techniques and by compressive strength development studies on FCC containing mortars. The presence of FCC in Portland cement systems with low water/binder ratio enhanced the mechanical properties of mortars due to the important portlandite fixation degree. Selected interesting data on FCC reactivity and compressive strength (Rc) behavior for FCC-concrete are described and analyzed. Replacement of cement by FCC and addition of FCC yielded Rc>100MPa concrete for 28 days curing time, that is, more than 20% in compressive strength than control concrete. Additionally, some cement mixtures containing FCC and fly ashes were evaluated, in order to obtain information about the synergism between both pozzolans in ...

- by M. Borrachero
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- Compressive Strength, Fly Ash, High Performance Concrete, Fluid Catalytic Cracking
- by Pierre Pimienta and +1
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- High Temperature, High Performance Concrete

Plain concrete is susceptible to cracking under aggressive environment such as in freezing shaft. And addition of steel fibres in plain high strength concrete is proved to be effective in cracking resistance and brittleness improvement, etc. This paper presents results of experimental investigation carried out to study the mechanical properties of steel fibre-reinforced concrete having volume fractions of 0.38%, 0.51% and 0.64% for two types of fibres respectively. The results of this study revealed that there is an increase for all the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength. Enhancement for split tensile strength and flexural strength is more evident than compressive strength.

The paper presents a laboratory study on the influence of two mineral admixtures, silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA), on the properties of superplasticised high-performance concrete. Assessment of the concrete mixes was based on short- and long-term testing techniques used for the purpose of designing and controlling the quality of high-performance concrete. These include compressive strength, porosity, oxygen permeability, oxygen diffusion and chloride migration. Measurements were carried out after curing at 20% and 65% relative humidity up to the age of 1 yr. The results, in general, showed that mineral admixtures improved the properties of high-performance concretes, but at different rates depending on the binder type. While SF contributed to both short- and long-term properties of concrete, FA required a relatively longer time to get its beneficial effect. In the long term, both mineral admixtures slightly increased compressive strength by about 10%, but contributed more to the improvement of transport properties of concretes.

- by Amol Kolhe
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- Civil Engineering, Transport Properties, Compressive Strength, Building
- by mauricio Lopez
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- Civil Engineering, Image Analysis, Lightweight Concrete, Building

Curing plays an essential role in the modern concrete technology, since it has a crucial effect on the development of concrete properties. High-performance cementitious systems are especially sensitive to the applied curing methods because of self-desiccation and high sensitivity to early-age cracking. Thus, it is of particular interest to compare the efficiency of internal curing and traditional curing techniques such as sealing and water ponding. In this study, the efficiency of different types of curing was estimated by means of isothermal calorimetry. Four different water to cement (w/c) ratios in the range of 0.21–0.45 and four types of curing were studied, including sealing, water ponding with different amount of water, internal curing by saturated lightweight aggregate and super-absorbent polymer. The hydration degree was determined using heat of hydration data. Compressive strength of the tested specimens was measured and analyzed. The results indicate that efficiency of different types of curing strongly depends on w/c ratio.

- by Semion Zhutovsky
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- High Performance Concrete, Cement Hydration, Internal Curing, Curing of Concrete
- by Paul Bowen
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- Civil Engineering, Building, Conceptual Model, High Performance Concrete
- by Kamal H Khayat
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- Civil Engineering, Building, High Performance Concrete, Rheological properties

Concrete though being used and adopted as an ideal construction material because of its easy availability, low cost, good viscosity, good compressive strength etc. but it has some drawback also, the major drawback of concrete is its low tensile strength due to which micro-cracks occur when the structure is subjected to sustained loading and exposed to aggressive environmental conditions results in to decreasing the life of the structure. Concrete durability determines service life of structures. It can though, be weakened by aggressive environmental conditions. The problems related to durability and repair systems are due to lack of suitable concrete materials. The use bacteria for concrete repairing and plugging of pores and cracking in concrete have been explored. There are total three concentrations are used for making of High Performance Bacterial Concrete which is 103, 105 and 107. The properties of hardened concrete were assessed through compressive strength and water absorption test and durability characteristics were explored by alkali attack test, chloride resistance test, sulphate attack test, water permeability and sorptivity test.

(CSSA), member of both fib and RILEM and currently serves in the RILEM TC 260-RCS. His research interests cover cementitious materials, concrete, fibre reinforced concrete and sustainable development. ABSTRACT Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) addition as an internal curing (IC) agent in high-performance concrete (HPC) has been adjudged to be effective in mitigating autogenous shrinkage. The influence of SAP created voids fresh properties and early strength development of the HPC as cement hydrates is however yet to be well understood. This paper hereby presents a report of an experimental study on SAP incorporation as an internal curing agent in a low water/binder (W/B) HPC. Four reference HPC mixtures (M1F, M1S, M2 and M3) designed for a 28-day minimum cube compressive strength of 70 N/mm 2 (MPa) were examined for the effect of SAP grain size, content and binder type on setting times and degree of hydration. The study also involved the determination of the pH-value of the simulated cement pore solution obtained from the binder combination types and its influence on SAP absorbency in concrete. It was observed that the addition of SAP resulted to increase in the setting times, while the degree of hydration of the HPC mixtures was found to increase as SAP content increases. The higher the SAP grain size, content and W/B for all mixtures, the higher the chemically bound water () at specific times and this increased as the hydration period increases. INTRODUCTION The incorporation of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) in concrete is gaining acceptance as an internal curing (IC) agent especially in high-performance and ultra-high performance concrete. However, the effect of its utilisation on cement hydration and strength development in these types of concrete is yet to be fully understood. Amongst the issues of concern is the effect of SAP on the fresh properties of concrete such as workability, setting times and rate of hydration. Also, the influence of the cement pore solution (CPS) concentration on the rate of fluid absorption and

- by M Zain
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- Civil Engineering, Building, Fly Ash, High Performance Concrete

The concrete is probably most extensively used for construction material in the world. The conventional concrete does not serve the present needs. It is considered as durable & strong material, reinforced concrete is one of the most popular materials. It improves workability, durability & the ultimate strength of the concrete. The utilization of supplementary cementitious material is accepted since it leads to several possible improvements in the concrete composites as well as overall economy. Subsequently these have led to the development of binary, ternary, quaternary blend which can further improve properties of concrete. The present paper deals with the study of properties namely workability & compressive strength of various grade of HPC using quainary mixesto find out the sustainable saving in quainary of cement & less production of cement meansincorporating cement , fly ash, silica fume, GGBS & rice husk ash with admixture & to reduce the quantity of cement with SCMs & durability of the concrete which helps to increased the workability& increase the strength of the concrete using various percentage of SCMs in M80 grade Concrete.The result also shows that strength of ternary, quaternary blended concrete. Therefore it can be said that, quainary mix is replacement of 40% cement. The virtual elimination of voids can be reduced due to use of one more cementitious material i.e. Rice Husk in quainary blended HPC Concrete & hence the strength of concrete can be increased than Ternary and Quaternary blend.

In order to investigate the effects of Al2O3 nanoparticles on compressive strength, sorptivity and initial water absorption of concrete, Al2O3 nanoparticles were added in different contents of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% of cement. The compressive strength was tested at 7, 28 and 90 days of curing and the results showed that the compressive strength of concrete increases up to 10% at 28 days by addition of 0.5% nano-alumina as a replacement of cement; but in more percents it decreases. Almost same results were recorded for other ages. About initial water absorption and sorpivity, the rough result is that they both decrease when Nano-alumina dosage increases. Considering all of the results, 0.5% of amorphous nano-alumina is proposed as optimum dosage.

- by Adio Miliozzi and +1
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- Engineering, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, Low Cost Technology