Long Term Memory Research Papers (original) (raw)
This study investigated the influence of colour of light ('warm','cool'and artificial 'daylight'white lighting) on subjects' self-reported mood, cognitive performance and room light estimation. Although... more
This study investigated the influence of colour of light ('warm','cool'and artificial 'daylight'white lighting) on subjects' self-reported mood, cognitive performance and room light estimation. Although no direct effect on positive and negative mood was indicated, a ...
- by Bernard Gendron and +1
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- Applied Mathematics, Heuristics, Network Design, Long Term Memory
Increasing access to media in the 21st century has led to a rapid rise in the prevalence of media multitasking (simultaneous use of multiple media streams). Such behavior is associated with various cognitive differences, such as... more
Increasing access to media in the 21st century has led to a rapid rise in the prevalence of media multitasking (simultaneous use of multiple media streams). Such behavior is associated with various cognitive differences, such as difficulty filtering distracting information and increased trait impulsivity. Given the rise in media multitasking by children, adolescents, and adults, a full understanding of the cognitive profile of media multitaskers is imperative. Here we investigated the relationship between chronic media multitasking and working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM) performance. Four key findings are reported (1) heavy media multitaskers (HMMs) exhibited lower WM performance, regardless of whether external distraction was present or absent; (2) lower performance on multiple WM tasks predicted lower LTM performance; (3) media multitasking-related differences in memory reflected differences in discriminability rather than decision bias; and (4) attentional impulsivity ...
- by Janine Aronson and +2
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- Tabu Search, Multidisciplinary, Local Search, European
- by James McGaugh
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- Psychology, Cognition, Stress, Medicine
- by Jan Ladewig and +2
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- Zoology, Animal Production, Operant Conditioning, Long Term Memory
Three studies show that the retrieval process itself causes long-lasting forgetting. Ss studied 8 categories (e.g., Fruit). Half the members of half the categories were then repeatedly practiced through retrieval tests (e.g., Fruit... more
Three studies show that the retrieval process itself causes long-lasting forgetting. Ss studied 8 categories (e.g., Fruit). Half the members of half the categories were then repeatedly practiced through retrieval tests (e.g., Fruit Or_____). Category-cued recall of unpracticed members of practiced categories was impaired on a delayed test. Experiments 2 and 3 identified 2 significant features of this retrieval-induced forgetting: The impairment remains when output interference is controlled, suggesting a retrieval-based suppression that endures for 20 min or more, and the impairment appears restricted to high-frequency members. Low-frequency members show little impairment, even in the presence of strong, practiced competitors that might be expected to block access to those items. These findings suggest a critical role for suppression in models of retrieval inhibition and implicate the retrieval process itself in everyday forgetting.
- by Michael Anderson and +1
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- Psychology, Cognitive Science, Cognitive Control, Low Frequency
This study tests the hypothesis that chewing gum leads to cognitive benefits through improved delivery of glucose to the brain, by comparing the cognitive performance effects of gum and glucose administered separately and together.... more
This study tests the hypothesis that chewing gum leads to cognitive benefits through improved delivery of glucose to the brain, by comparing the cognitive performance effects of gum and glucose administered separately and together. Participants completed a battery of cognitive tests in a fully related 2×2 design, where one factor was Chewing Gum (gum vs. mint sweet) and the other factor was Glucose Co-administration (consuming a 25 g glucose drink vs. consuming water). For four tests (AVLT Immediate Recall, Digit Span, Spatial Span and Grammatical Transformation), beneficial effects of chewing and glucose were found, supporting the study hypothesis. However, on AVLT Delayed Recall, enhancement due to chewing gum was not paralleled by glucose enhancement, suggesting an alternative mechanism. The glucose delivery model is supported with respect to the cognitive domains: working memory, immediate episodic long-term memory and language-based attention and processing speed. However, some other mechanism is more likely to underlie the facilitatory effect of chewing gum on delayed episodic long-term memory.
Memory is a crucial cognitive ability that supports the mere existence of humans. When they interact with other people or their environment in daily life, they can remember what happened, when it happened and also recall this kind of... more
Memory is a crucial cognitive ability that supports the mere existence of humans. When they interact with other people or their environment in daily life, they can remember what happened, when it happened and also recall this kind of information at a later point of time. This recalling helps them
to continue interactions with already encountered environment or remember details of a past experience. To evoke similar experiences between a human and a robot, it is evident that these robots should posses artificial memory systems that can mimic human-like memory characteristics. Inspired by the human cognitive ability, memory, this thesis aims to design and develop an artificial memory system that possesses certain properties of human memory. The memory system presented here is based on the theory of information processing in human memory. What remains central in these
artificial memory systems is the representation of the vast amount of information exchanged between the users and the robot. We take advantage of the Semantic Web language, namely, Resource Description Framework (RDF), to represent this information. Our memory system translates this information to basic memory units, which are defined by RDF triples. These triples, from a single interaction session between the user and the robot, are appended to an RDF graph and form a single episode. These episodes are then stored in a triplestore for long-term persistence. We experiment with recalling the stored information based on several usecases. This memory structure provides homogeneity for storage and retrieval of information
across the entire memory system. Several experiments were carried out on moderate hardware to evaluate the performance of this memory system and this system showed a fair efficiency in runtime. This memory system also has the ability to scale to larger scenarios of longer periods of interactions, which aligns with the purpose of artificial companions: to turn interactions into relationships (Benyon & Mival 2000).
Spacing and interleaving approaches have attracted significant interest over the past few years, with research suggesting they have the potential to support both retention and transfer of learning. The small-scale study reported here, in... more
Spacing and interleaving approaches have attracted significant interest over the past few years, with research suggesting they have the potential to support both retention and transfer of learning. The small-scale study reported here, in conjunction with a review of the literature, was undertaken to explore the effect of interleaving and spacing in authentic classroom learning of concepts.